epri nuclear r&d - 43ª reunión anual sne nuclear r&d jose antonio delgado 39 reunion de la...

EPRI Nuclear R&D

Jose Antonio Delgado 39 Reunion de la Sociedad Nuclear Española

Reus. Septiembre 2013

2 © 2013 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) History…

• Founded in 1972

• Independent, nonprofit center for public interest energy and environmental research

• Collaborative resource for the electricity sector

• Major offices in Palo Alto, CA; Charlotte, NC; Knoxville, TN

• Laboratories in Knoxville, Charlotte and Lenox, MA Chauncey Starr

EPRI Founder


Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)

EPRI’s Mission To conduct research, development and demonstration on key issues facing the electricity sector on behalf of our members, energy stakeholders, and society

Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity


Help Move Technologies to the Commercialization Stage…

EPRI Role…

Technology Accelerator!


Three Key Aspects of EPRI

Independent Objective, scientifically based results address reliability, efficiency, affordability, health, safety and the environment

Nonprofit Chartered to serve the public benefit

Collaborative Bring together scientists, engineers, academic researchers, industry experts

Independent

Collaborative

Nonprofit


Conducting Research Today: EPRI R&D Sectors

Environment and Renewable Energy • Air Quality • Energy and Environmental

Analysis • Land and Groundwater • Occupational Health and Safety • Renewable Energy • T&D Environmental Issues • Water and Ecosystems

Generation • Advanced Coal Plants, Carbon

Capture and Storage • Combustion Turbines • Environmental Controls • Major Component Reliability • Materials and Chemistry • Operations and Maintenance • Power Plant Water Management Nuclear

• Advanced Nuclear Technology • Chemistry, Low-Level Waste, and

Radiation Management • Equipment Reliability • Fuel Reliability • Long-Term Operations • Materials Degradation/Aging • Nondestructive Evaluation and

Material Characterization • Risk and Safety Management • Used Fuel and High-level Waste

Management

Power Delivery and Utilization • Transmission Lines and Substations • Grid Operations and Planning • Distribution • Energy Utilization • Cross-Cutting Technologies


EPRI Top Level Advisory Structure


Smart Grid • Technology Cost and Performance • Operating a System with Variable

Resources • Understanding Environmental Aspects

of Renewables

Energy Efficiency • End Use Efficiency • Demand Response • Higher Efficiency Through

Electrification • Distribution Efficiency • Transmission Efficiency • Generation Efficiency

Long-Term Operations

Extending Operations of: • Nuclear Plants • Fossil Plants • Transmission Infrastructure • Distribution Infrastructure

Near-Zero Emissions • Energy Conversion • Environmental Controls • Advanced Generation

Addressing the Strategic Electricity Challenges of Tomorrow

Water Resources Management • Water Resource Management • Water Quality • Advanced Cooling • Fish Protection

Renewable Resources and Integration • Communications and IT

Infrastructure • Smart Grid and Customers • Smart Distribution • Smart Transmission • Cross-Cutting Technologies


EPRI Nuclear Power R&D Program: Core Drivers

Maximize the safe utilization

of existing nuclear assets

Assess long-term sustainability of nuclear energy

Enable the deployment of advanced nuclear technologies


Worldwide Collaboration

U.S. Nuclear Power Plants

Source: NEI Website, 2009

U.S. Participants Non-U.S. Participants Global

Breadth and Depth

• All U.S. nuclear owners/operators

• 102 reactors

• 20 countries, >220 reactors

• >75% of the world’s commercial nuclear units

Participants Encompass Most Nuclear Reactor Designs


EPRI Nuclear. Global Participation

Full members70%

Participants24%

No Engagement6%

• All US Nuclear Utilities • CEZ (Czech Republic) • Chubu (Japan) • Candu Owners Group (Canada) • CFE (Mexico) • EDF ( France) • EDF- Energie (UK) • Eletronuclear (Brazil) • ESKOM (S. Africa) • KHNP (Korea) • NA.SA (Argentina) • UNESA (Spain) • TEPCO (Japan)

Worldwide Nuclear – 366 GWe Full members: 242 units

Partial participants: 88 units

Note: Excludes China, Russia, Iran, Pakistan, India, Ukraine, and Armenia, where EPRI currently cannot or

does not engage.


EPRI Beyond Utilities. Key Interfaces

Bi- and Multi-Lateral Agreements with Global Research Institutes, National Laboratories, Universities and Vendors

Industry Collaboration Strategic Alignment

Active Engagement

Frequent Communications


UNESA. Spain Membership in EPRI Nuclear • All Spanish Nuclear Power Plants covered

– UNESA is the EPRI member since 2006 – Iberdrola, Endesa, GNF, NN, ANAV, CNAT

• Centers of Reference can represent UNESA – Tecnatom, Ciemat, EEAA, GNFe, IBIC, Enusa – Access to EPRI products upon request to UNESA – Applicable to Spain nuclear Assets

• EPRI Research done in Spain – Involving above Centers of Reference – In areas of interest for UNESA and EPRI: ZIRP, Alloy 690, BWR Channels – Extended to other players (CEIDEN)

• European Workshops, Seminars, Training in Spain – All areas of interest to Spain NPPs – Approx 6 per year


Membership Funding Distribution – Nuclear

Membership Fees

Cofunding

Supplemental Base

(Generic R&D) Technology Innovation

SDF

12% 63% 25%


2013 EPRI Nuclear Power Structure

Nuclear Power Council (NPC) Executive Committee

(EC)

Advanced Nuclear Technology

Advanced Nuclear Tech APC

NMAC, Plant Engineering, I&C,

Balance of Plant Corrosion

Equipment Reliability APC

NDE Program

NDE Materials & Characterization APC

Fuel Reliability Program

Fuel Reliability APC

Primary Systems Corrosion, SGMP, BWRVIP, MRP, WRTC

Materials Degr./Aging APC

Used Fuel/HLW Mgmt

Used Fuel/HLW Mgmt APC

Risk & Safety Mgmt.

Risk & Safety Mgmt APC

Water Chemistry, LLW, Radiation Mgmt, Decommissioning

Chemistry, LLW & RM APC

Long Term Operations (LTO)

QA Committee


2013 Nuclear Annual Research Portfolio ($165M/yr): Integrated Approach to Performance and Safety

Fuel Reliability

• Fuel Reliability Program

• NFIR

Equipment Reliability • Nuclear Maintenance App.

• Plant Support Engineering

• Balance of Plant Corrosion

• Integrated Life Cycle Management

• Instrumentation & Controls

Low Level Waste & Radiation Exposure Management

• Low Level Waste Management] • Rad Exposure Management • Decommissioning Technology • Groundwater Management • Chemistry

Material Degradation/Aging • Corrosion

Research

• BWRVIP

• Water Chemistry Guidelines

• SG Management

• Materials Reliability (MRP)

• Welding & Repair Technology

High Level Waste/Spent Fuel

• Spent Fuel Storage & Transport

• Advanced Fuel Cycle

Safety & Asset Risk Mgmt.

• Fukushima Related activities

• Risk Mgmt.

Non-Destructive Evaluation

• NDE Technology • Performance

Demonstration (PD) • Plant Support (SRA)

Advanced Nuclear Technology

• New Nuclear Plant Deployment

• Advanced Tecnologies

Long-Term Operation

•


What is ahead? Strategic Planning – Roadmaps

• Drive concise communication • Define end point, end product,

end user • Inform funding and resource

allocations • Engage all stakeholders

• 58 in use as of January 2013

Full integration of roadmaps into annual research planning process.


Oth. EPRI

Vend

INPO

NEI/ NRC

EPR

I RM

Tec

hnic

al A

ctiv

ities

Utility

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2020 Est. compliance date

All < 2 rem

All < ?? rem

Implement long term dose reduction plans (Zn injection, stellite reduction, etc) Evaluate emergent work scopes

Part 20 feedback w/EPRI input

EPRI/FIATECH Demo

Develop complementary ALARA technology

Est. compliance date New EDE to NRC

Facilitate awareness of new dose goals

Implement RM Tools

RM Tool Box 2.0 RM Tool Box 1.0

LEGEND:

Key Milestone

Radiation Field Reduction

Unfunded Work

Radiation Protection

Unfunded Work

Assess Low Dose Risks to Develop Effective Communication Strategies for the Public and Regulatory Authorities

RP

Miti

gatio

n St

rate

gies

Charact. Worker Dose

3D EDE ALARA Tool to Improve Job Planning

Dev. Dose Calc.

Prototype Pilot at NPP

Final Tool Demo at NPP

Update EPRI EDE Method with ICRP 103 to Improve Dose Calcs

Update Monte Carlo Calcs. New EDE EDE GL

RP2020 Technology Evaluation & Development

Optimize Refueling Activities Optimize 2nd High Dose Task

Field Test Location Tracking Techs

(w/EdF)

Demo Location Tracking at NPP (w/EdF)

Optimize 3rd High Dose Task

3D EDE ALARA Tool with Real Time Location Tracking w/ updated EDE Calc.

Radiation Field Characterization EPU on Dose Rates OLNC on Dose Rates

Loop Tests to Enhance Corrosion Rate Data and Understand Impacts of New Environments on Corrosion Film Forms Revise/Expand BRAC & SRMP

Other Mitigation Tech. on Dose Rates (e.g. TiO2)

Radiation Field Mitigation Co Reduction Sourcebook

Optimize Refueling Activities: Decon Technologies Update Decontamination Handbook

Evaluate Prefiliming Technique for SS and SG Tubes

Lab Testing of Co Sequestration Resin (Chemistry)

Post-decon Prefilming to Minimize Recontamination

Plant Demo of New Pre-filming Techniques

Roadmap Example – Radiation Management


Nuclear Roadmap Diversity

Action Plan Number Example Technical Gap

Materials 18 Welding of Irradiated Materials for Reactor Internals

Fuel Reliability 6 Mitigation of Failures Caused by Foreign Material

High Level Waste 4 Used Fuel Extended Storage

NDE 5 Concrete Characterization

Equipment Reliability 7 Cable Aging Management

Risk & Safety 5 Risk Assessment Methodologies for External Hazards

Advanced Nuclear 3 Configuration Management for New Plants

Chemistry/LLW/RM 9 Water Chemistry for Reducing Radiation Fields

Long-Term Operations 1 Equipment Life-Cycle Management

TOTAL 58

Roadmaps are living documents


Nuclear Research Life Cycle

Timing Early

Long-term, strategic

Near-term, tactical

Emerging Mature Applied

Long-term operations

Concrete inspection

Air-operated valve app

HDPE performance

Risk-informed regulations

Dispersant application

Materials degradation

matrix

Cable aging

Piping inspection guidelines

Water chemistry guidelines

Fuel reliability guidelines

Maintenance guides

NDE qualification

Groundwater protection

New plant startup

guidance

Cobalt sequestration

resin LLW

reduction guidelines

Breakthrough fuel concepts


EPRI Diversity of Products

• Technical Guidelines – Examples: fuel reliability, water chemistry, internals inspection

• Maintenance and Process Guidebooks – Examples: feedwater maintenance, air-operated valve

maintenance app, dispersant application sourcebook

• Technology Development – Examples: Capillary electrophoresis, online noble chemical

addition, buried pipe inspection techniques, cobalt sequestration resin

• Software – Examples: Falcon fuel analysis software, CHEMWORKS, MAAP

accident analysis code

• User Groups – Examples: Pump Users Group, Large Electric Motor Users

Group, CHEMWORKS Users Group

• Site Assists/Expert Assistance – Examples: Subscriber Requested Assistance, Low-Level Waste

Assessments, Radiation Source Term Assessment, BWR Cycle Chemistry Evaluation


Fukushima Related Research

• In-depth technical investigation of the accident

• Methods for assessing external hazards – Seismic

– Flooding

– High Winds

– Fire

• Update of severe-accident management guidance (SAMG)

• Containment performance

• Spent fuel pool risks


Key Accomplishment – 2012

Severe Accident Management Technical Basis (EPRI Report 1025295)

• Update to original 1992 technical basis

• Captures insights from Fukushima Daiichi

• Defines candidate high-level actions for plant-specific implementation of severe-accident management guidance

• Key new insights address: • cooling water quality management,

• Spent fuel pool cooling • External events and multiple-unit failures,

• hydrogen generation from overheated fuel/water reactions



Seismic Source Characterization Model

•Multi-agency effort: EPRI, DOE, NRC

•Updated with data from more than 3,000 earthquakes spanning 1568-2008

•Will inform technical evaluations regarding safe design and operation of U.S. nuclear plants


Strategies for Mitigating Radiological Releases in Severe Accidents (BWR Mark I and II)

Beyond Design Basis Events

Core Damage Prevented

Core Damage

Containment Challenged

Containment Not

Challenged

Containment is Primary Barrier to Release

Containment is Not Primary

Barrier to Release

Vent Steam(Containment Barrier

Breached)

RHR or Alternate Heat Removal Successful

Radionuclide Release

No Release No Release

Not in Scope: FLEX Strategies Provide Additional Protection for These Scenarios

Not in Scope: Need Strategies That Address

Other Than ContainmentContainment Spray

Containment Flood

Containment Vent

Filtered Vent

Unfiltered Vent

Combinations of Strategies are

Considered

• Investigate strategies that could maintain containment functions – Control release – Prevent pressure buildup

• No single strategy is optimal in retaining fission products (including filtered venting)

• Strategies include – Water injection in reactor vessel – Water spraying in containment – controlled venting


Spent Fuel Pools Risks

• Accident highlighted areas for further exploration – Possible interactions with

cooling of reactor core – Relative risks of new

strategies

• Research activities: – Improved risk models

(completed BWR Mark I and II) – Enhanced thermal-hydraulic

modeling – NDE and monitoring



BWRs: Jet Pump Flow Induced Vibrations

•Full-scale, full-flow, $10 million facility configured for BWR/5 design

•Successfully reproduced flow-induced vibration conditions experienced in field

•Conducted tests to assess parameters that produce flow induced vibration. Monitored vendor testing. Published test results.

•Plan in place to re-configure facility for BWR/4 testing over next few years


linker

linker

linker

Resin B

ackbone

Single CoSeqTM Ligand


Cobalt Sequestration Resin •BWR demos have shown increased removal efficiencies with powdered CoSeqTM resin (3x or more compared to conventional resins)

•Could reduce outage time by providing quicker access to containment

•Development of bead resins continuing for PWR applications

•Sequestration of other species being evaluated (other isotopes, application in fossil plants)

Licensing of resin vendors underway


Dose Reduction Strategies during Refueling

• Best Practice document for BWRs and PWRs (EPRI Report 1025309) – Outage Planning – Reactor cavity activity – Reactor disassembly and

reassembly – Radiation field reduction

(shielding methods and packages))

– Cavity decontamination (including new robotic technologies)

-200 -180 -160 -140 -120 -100

-80 -60 -40 -20

0

0 200 400

BR

AC C

hang

e, m

R/h

r (m

Sv/h

r x1

00)

BRAC prior to NMCA Reapplication, mR/hr (mSv/

x100)


Fuel Reliability Program: Guidelines

Guidelines are reviewed every four years

• Fuel Surveillance and Inspection Guideline (1024967) -2012

• BWR Fuel cladding corrosion and crud guidelines – 2013

• PWR Fuel cladding corrosion and crud guidelines – 2013

• Pellet Cladding interactions guidelines • PWR Grid-to-Rod Fretting Guidelines


Fuel Reliability Program (BWR) • BWR Channel Distortion Program

• Improved predictive capability of Zircaloy-2 / Zircaloy-4 channel bow

• Surveillances, database, bow model, mechanistic models

• Support fuel suppliers in advanced channel materials

• Surveillance, test reactor experiment, atomistic modeling, shadow corrosion test

• Channel-to-control rod blade interference is a safety and regulatory concern during all modes or reactor operation and seismic events so new channel materials and operating guidance have reduced the number of events


Long-Term Operations

Key Challenges Develop the technical basis to determine whether • Life extensions are

technically sound • Benefits of modernization can

be justified • Regulatory issues can be

addressed cost-effectively

Extend value of low-cost, reliable assets


Nuclear Maintenance Application Center (NMAC) • Plant/Equipment performance

improvements • Equipment Reliability assessments,

databases, monitoring. • Maintenance Rule implementation • Maintenance guides

– Industry Best practices from international nuclear plant experience

• Preventive maintenance (PMBD database)

• Predictive maintenance (Condition-Based Maintenance)


Plant Engineering

• Life Cycle Management • Cables aging and degradation • Buried Piping degradation • Balance of Plant Corrosion • Electrical Equipment and

Transformers • Training of Engineers and

Technical personnel • Procurement and Quality • Engineering Support


Cable Research Targets Failure Mechanisms and Long-Term Operations

• Key activities: – cable degradation mechanisms, – cable aging management program implementation, – cable condition monitoring test methods, – long-term operations.

• Recent Findings: water-related deterioration mechanism in some medium-voltage failure cables insulations.

• 2013 Activities – Medium voltage cables guide: Lessons Learned – Dose and temperature impact data from several plants – Scope and cost of cable replacement for LTO


Balance of Plant Corrosion Program: key Accomplishments (2012-2013)

• BPWORKSTM Version 2.1 (1025255) • Includes algorithms for underground piping

and improvements/additions to the likelihood algorithms

• Buried Pipe Inspection Results Database (1024602)

• Over 2500 inspection data entries (Web application)

• Specifications for Cathodic Protection System Design (1025252)

• Erosion Analysis Module added to CHECWORKSTM/SFA Software Version 4.0 (1025251)


Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE)

The EPRI NDE Program is an independent NDE resource for the industry – Large international

membership Major areas of R&D activities

– Concrete – Robotics – Modeling and simulation – Spent fuel pools and dry

casks – Fuel

• Performance Demonstration

Program

DELIVERY VIA ISSUE PROGRAMS


Strategic Focus – 2013+

• Continued support of Fukushima activities • Long-term operations • Impact of plant cycling • Long-term storage of high burnup fuel • Removing zirconium • Increased utilization of computer modeling • Decommissioning R&D

Soft Zr metal

Molybdenum alloy

Zr-alloy or

advanced steel


Conclusions: Building the Future (Using lessons from the present)

• EPRI Nuclear sector conducts extensive R&D program – Address current issues of

nuclear industry – Global collaboration – Global feedback – Includes strategic (long-term)

issues • EPRI provides individualized

supports – Associated with EPRI products – Generic value justified


Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity

epri nuclear r&d - 43ª reunión anual sne nuclear r&d jose antonio delgado 39 reunion de la...

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