epiphyticity presentation

8/3/2019 Epiphyticity Presentation

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EpiphytiCity

Another

Fu

ture

of

Chinas

C

ities

Bo CaoThesis MarchNataly Gattegno|Extreme Environment


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Beijing

21top500 globalenterprises

Top 15city of shopping

Bestuniversity inChina

CCTV

151museums

200tourist attraction

Art Community

LargestinternationalAirport inAsia

LargestNationalMuseum

798Largest

Mostworldculturalheritage

60%Filmproduction No.3

GDPpercapitain China

9Metro line

CenterRailway network

Olympic2008

Surrounding

City

Surrounding

City

Surrounding

City

Surrounding

City

Surr

City

Surroundi

City

Beijing: A Parasitic City


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Historical Context of Beijing as A Parasitic City

Song Dynasty 1141 Yuan Dynasty 1294 Ming Dynasty 1410 Qing Dynasty 1892

Beijing thrived for its great militaryimportance when Jin was invadingSong.

Beijing became the capital of Yuan

and lived on resource from south.

Beijing was maintain as Capital of Mingto keep national security from northernmongolian invasion. Huge amount ofresource transported to Beijing tomaintian its prosperity and imperial

governance

Beijing continued to be th

for the sake of national ststill supported by the sou

HANG ZHOU HANGZHOU

The Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhoufor transporting resources from south tonorth.


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Todays Beijing: Water Scarcity

Beijing Water Footprint

water usage

water supply

2009

2009

2008

2008

living

agriculture

industry

environment

south water

surface water

recycle waterunderground

water

south water

surfa

recy

underground

water

livin

agriculture

industry

environment

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0

3

6

9

12

15

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

2008

2009

2009

2008

2008

2008

2008

2008

2009

2009 2009

water total water resourcesgroundwater resourcesreservoir storagesurface water resourcesprecipitation


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South-to-North Water Diversion Project

0

50

100

150

200

0

300

600

900

1200

1500

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0

5

10

15

20

nanjing

wuhan

chongqing

Three Gorges Dam

Shijiazhuang

Beijing

water volume

Route Length

Cost

Migration per year

Water Distribution of Central R

South-North

Henan

Beijing

Tianjin

Three Gorges

South-North Three Gorges

Eastern WesterCentral

Eastern WesterCentral

Tianjian

shanghai

Western Route

Central RouteEastern Route


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Desertification

Beijing

Beijing

Dryland Coverage

17.6

16

Expasion of Gobi Desert 1990-2000

Mongolia

Gobi Desert

Shelter forest


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0

500

1000

1500

2000

0

5

10

15

20

25

Beijing

Birth Rate

Population

1978

1978

population


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(over)population

farmer population

urbanization farmland forest cowater resource

1.34 billion

0.8 billion

0.66 billion

urban population farmland per capita water per capita forest per c

46.6% 14.2% 2743.4billion m 20.3

(over)population

farmer population

urbanization farmland forest cowater resource

0.3 billion

0.006 billion

0.24 billion

urban population farmland per capita water per capita forest per c

80.0% 19.5% 2780billion m3

Extreme China


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1996

Urban

izatio

n

forestco

ve

AgriculturePro

950


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Parasitic

Overpopulation

land shortage

Water Scarcity

Deforestation

Farmland shortage

Symbiotic Epiphyt

Transforming Beijing

High Density

Vertical urbanization

Water Balance

Vertical Farming

Aerial Landscape

epiphyte: An epiphyte (or air plant) is a plant that grows upon another plant (such as a tree)non-parasiticallor sometimes upon some other object (such as a building or a telegraph wire), derives its moisture andnutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in thetemperate zone.

- wikipedia

EpiphytiCity: An epiphytiCity is a city that symbiotically grows upon another city derives its energy from itsown self-supplied system and can ecologically benefit its host city as a part of greater ecosystem.

Tank Bromeliad


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water catchment

provide nutrients and

inhabitance for other

species

photos

Roots that function

structurally and biogically

CO2

Tank Bromeliad

Sarang Semut


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Roots that function

structurally and biogically

photosynthesis

Anthill

CO2 O2

Sarang Semut


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Project Amazonia: Characterization - Biotic - Epi phyteshttp://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2006/nal/characterization/biotic_

Bark

Twig

Humus

Ant Nest

most tolerant to adverse moisture conditions

prefer more humidity

very sensitive to drought


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ROOT

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

TREE BRANCH

2 222

2

2 222

2

2 222

2

2 222

2

2 222

2

2 222

2

2 222

2

ecological perfor


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EpiphytiCity


The Kunsthaus in Graz, Austria

Peter Cook and Colin Fournier.

Spiraling Skyscraper Pod City

CHIMERA

Epiphyte: Water Blance


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cortexstele velamen

root section


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stele

cortex

valeman

Responsive Skin


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pneumathod

fully closed

cellular grid

water sponge

watet cells

adaptive openings

partially opened fully opened


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EpiphytiCity

Bo CaoThesis March

Auto-HiveHye Yun Oh, YunWei Xu

New ZealandEvolo

Annie Chan, Yikai Lin, Ant Urbanism, MArch,University of Southern California,

Los Angeles, 2009.

Swarm intelligence


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Finding the shortest path

Separation

Swarm intelligence

Pheromone

Alignment

Pheromone

Food

Cohesion

like any other population composed of a la

number of smaller discrete elements, such a

ants, ocks of birds, networks of neurons or

global economy, it displays a bottom-up col

intelligence that is more sophisticated than

of its parts. In short, the city operates throug

swarm intelligence .


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SeparationAlignment

Cohesion

Resource

Aggregation of Epiphytic Agents

Responsive Urban Model


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local affector

individual

global affector

local connection

individual connection


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EpiphytiCity

urbanverticality

culturallyproductive

Emergent

urbanism

Responsive

AdaptiveEvolutionary

Naturalre-aestheticization

Ecologicalurbanism

Self-Sustain

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