Epidemiology of smoking Epidemiology of smoking and quitting in Hungaryand quitting in Hungary

Edit Paulik, László Nagymajtényi

Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged

NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF TOBACCO CONTROLSzeged, 18 June 2011

Social and healthSocial and health related predictors of related predictors of smoking and quitting in Hungary smoking and quitting in Hungary 2008-2008-

20122012**

PURPOSE OF STUDY To determine social, economic and health-related factors

associated with smoking vs. non-smoking, and quitting To describe attitudes/opinions about tobacco control

policies in various subgroups of population To support the planning and implementation of smoking

related interventions in various subgroups of the population

*This publication was made possible by Grant Number 1 R01 TW007927-01 from the Fogarty International Center, the National Cancer Institute, and the National Institutes on Drug Abuse, within the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NIH.

http://kozegeszsegtan.sote.hu/tobacco/http://kozegeszsegtan.sote.hu/tobacco/

Methods Self-administered questionnaire 16-70 years old population living in various regions of Hungary

48 settlements (n=2,250) Response rate: 57.4%

Sample characteristics Mean age: 42.4 14.6 ys; (min: 16, max: 70 ys)

(age-groups: 24; 25-44; 45-64; 65 ys) Males: 46.8%, females: 53.2% Education level: low 18.6%; medium 61.8%; high 19.6%

Statistical analysisStatistical analysis

Dependent variables

Smoking status Quitting smoking Attitudes toward

tobacco control policies

Independent variables

Age Sex Education Regions

Association between smoking status and attitudes

Association between quitting and attitudes

SPSS 17.0 for Windows

Smoking statusSmoking statusSMOKERS: 33.2%; FORMER SMOKERS: 17.6%; NON-SMOKERS: 49.2%

SMOKERS BY SEX*: MALE 38.7%; FEMALE 28.4%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

-24 25-44 45-64 65- low medium high

%

38.1

25.6 31.628.9

35.6

38.5

32.5

SMOKERS (%) within

age-groups (ys)*age-groups (ys)* education*education* geographical regions*

Chi-square test: *p0.05

Quitting smokingQuitting smoking48.0% OF SMOKERS WANTED TO QUIT SMOKING48.0% OF SMOKERS WANTED TO QUIT SMOKING, , 22.5% WAS UNCERTAIN22.5% WAS UNCERTAIN

29.5% DIDN’T 29.5% DIDN’T WANT TO QUIT SMOKINGWANT TO QUIT SMOKING

QUITTING SMOKING BY SEX: MALE 45.6%; FEMALE 50.9%QUITTING SMOKING BY SEX: MALE 45.6%; FEMALE 50.9%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

-24 25-44 45-64 65- low medium high

%

51.5

31.3 50.544.4

46.4

57.1

48.1

QUITTING SMOKING (%) within

age-groups (ys)age-groups (ys) educationeducation geographical regions*

Chi-square test: *p0.05

Tobacco control policiesTobacco control policies

Bans on smoking in health care institutes. Restrictions on smoking in work places. Bans on smoking in restaurants, cafeterias, and

indoor work places. Restrictions on smoking in outdoor public areas. Bans on smoking in closed public places.

Attitudes toward tobacco control Attitudes toward tobacco control policiespolicies

(agreement with the measures, total)(agreement with the measures, total)

82.9

81.2

79.2

80.0

91.7

72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94

Bans in closed publicplaces

Restrictions in outdoorpublic areas

Bans in restaurants,cafeterias

Restrictions in workplaces

Bans in health careinstitutes

%

Attitudes toward tobacco control policies Attitudes toward tobacco control policies by age, sex, education and regions by age, sex, education and regions (agreement with the measures)(agreement with the measures)**

POLICIES Age Sex Education Region

Bans on smoking in health care institutes.

NS NS p<0.05 NS

Restrictions on smoking in work places.

p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05

Bans on smoking in restaurants, cafeterias, and indoor work places.

p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05

Restrictions on smoking in outdoor public areas.

NS p<0.05 NS p<0.05

Bans on smoking in closed public places.

p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 NS

*Results of logistic regression analysis NS=not significant

Attitudes toward tobacco control Attitudes toward tobacco control policiespolicies

and smoking status (agreement with and smoking status (agreement with the measures)the measures)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Bans in closed publicplaces*

Restrictions in outdoorpublic areas*

Bans in restaurants,cafeterias*

Restrictions in workplaces*

Bans in health careinstitutes*

%

smokers former smokers non-smokers*p0.05

Attitudes toward tobacco control Attitudes toward tobacco control policiespolicies

and quitting smoking (agreement with and quitting smoking (agreement with the measures)the measures)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Bans in closed public places*

Restrictions in outdoorpublic areas*

Bans in restaurants,cafeterias*

Restrictions in work places

Bans in health careinstitutes*

%

wanted quit uncertain about quitting didn't want to quit*p0.05

SummarySummary Tobacco epidemic in Hungary

Shift from stage 3 to stage 4 ? high prevalence in males and females higher prevalence in lower educated

Quitting smoking – only geographical variations Tobacco control policies

High level of support at population level Higher support among

non-smokers those who wanted to quit smoking those who were uncertain about quitting smoking

Implementation of tobacco control policies

Increasing the prevalence of quitting

Declining the prevalence of smoking

Thank you for your attention!