epa solar oven project #05301
DESCRIPTION
EPA Solar Oven Project #05301. Preliminary Design Review February 18, 2005. Team Solar Oven. Agenda. Introduction Needs Assessment Specifications/Requirements Feasibility Assessment Materials Selection Concept Development & Designs Testing Methodology Future Work Questions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
EPA Solar Oven Project #05301
Preliminary Design Review
February 18, 2005
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Team Solar Oven
Team Lead: Emma Fulton ISE
Team Members: Josh Bates ME
Otman El Allam ISE
Natasha Privorotskaya ME
Jon Steiner ME
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Agenda Introduction Needs Assessment Specifications/Requirements Feasibility Assessment Materials Selection Concept Development & Designs Testing Methodology Future Work Questions
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Why Solar Ovens? Average Latin American Country
35% of the population is below the poverty line and lives in rural areas
Majority cook with firewood Limited use of solar ovens
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Project Mission Statement Design, test, and build a low-cost solar
oven for use in Latin American countries using locally available resources, mass production methods, and labor
Note: Objective is not to reinvent the wheel, rather to make it suitable for use in rural Latin America
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Needs Assessment Scope Limitations Order Qualifiers Order Winners
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Scope Limitations Design should only incorporate locally available
resources, production methods, and labor Design should be mass-producible Design must be durable Design must be able to cook food and pasteurize
water Must perform user testing to ensure ease of use
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Scope Limitations (Cont’d) Design must be benchmarked against three
commercially available units Thermal analysis must be conducted on
prototypes With Graduate student assistance
Economic, social, environmental impact Lifecycle and durability analysis
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Order Qualifiers Inexpensive method Locally produced (labor and production methods) Decrease need for firewood
Decrease the rate of deforestation Decrease CO2 emissions Minimize the exposure to smoky conditions
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Pairwise Comparison of Attributes
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Ranking of Attributes
Order of Weights
ATTRIBUTE WeightImportance
(10=high, 1=low)
1 Low cost 0.167 102 Reaches Temperature Quickly 0.136 93 Reaches temperature necessary to cook food and pasteurize water 0.129 84 Easy to use 0.121 85 Durable 0.106 76 Capable of cooking large meals 0.098 67 Retains heat 0.076 68 Easy to clean 0.053 59 High packing density (stackable) 0.038 410 Light weight 0.038 411 Easy to Store/ Portable 0.030 312 Made of eco-friendly materials 0.008 1
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Order Winners: Top 5 Attributes Inexpensive design Heats up quickly Reaches temperatures necessary to cook
food and pasteurize water Easy to use Durable
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House of Quality
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Feasibility Assessment:How Many Prototypes to Build
# of Units T1 T2 E1 S1 S2 S3 S4 R1 R2 SUMBuild 1 Unit 0 0 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 19Build 2 Units 1 1 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 20Build 3 Units 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 1 3 22Build 4 Units 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 0 2 20
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Feasibility Assessment:How Many Prototypes to Build
0
1
2
3T1
T2
E1
S1
S2S3
S4
R1
R2
Build 1 Unit
Build 2 Units
Build 3 Units
Build 4 Units
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Materials Selection* Main Construction Material Reflector Material Cover Material
* CES Selector 4.5
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Main Construction Material
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Main Construction Material
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Wood Selection
Type of Wood
Price (USD/lb)
Density (lb/in3)
Thermal Expansion (µstrain/ºF)
Particle Board 0.291 0.0217 6.945
MDF 0.374 0.0271 6.945
Plywood 0.624 0.0271 3.889
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Reflector Material
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Reflector Material
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Cover Material
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Materials Chosen Main Construction Material
Particleboard Reflector
Aluminum sheet (reused) Cover
Acrylic
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Three Main Types of Solar Ovens
Box* Panel**
*http://www.exoticblades.com/tamara/sol_cook/types.html
**http://www.solarcooking.org/plans.htm
Parabolic*
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Advantages/Disadvantages
Types Advantages DisadvantagesMost commonEasy to useEasy to buildRetains heat longerEasy to build Not sturdy during windy weatherCheapest to build Easy to damageHeats up very quickly Requires direct sunlightSturdy Dangerous to use
Inconvenient (frequent adjustment)
Longer to heat up food
Parabolic
Panel
Box
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Concept Development
Homemade ~$10
Commercial: $220
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Concept Screening Process Generated concepts
Six box types Three features to add to any design One stand to hold cooker One pyramid cooker
Structured Voting Technique with team members and project sponsor
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Results of Voting
Designs Explanation # of VotesBox 1 0Box 2 0Box 3 1Box 4 Tilted top with 4 reflectors 3Box 5 Flat top, 4 reflectors 1Box 6 Flat top, 1 reflector 6Pyramid Large % metal 3
Basically the same box type
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Four Reflector Box Rear access door Proven design Good insulation Large reflectance area
Total Material Cost: $33.64
Box Type
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Single Reflector Box Good insulation Light weight Portable Inexpensive Retains heat (lid)
Total Material Cost: $15.38 Box Type
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Pyramid Reflector Box Simple to build Light weight Portable Large reflectance area
Total Material Cost: $19.65 Panel/Box Type
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Testing Methodology Determine angle of reflectors
Square 1 software Laser Testing
Mimic sun’s energy Create indoor setup Array of 9 projection lamps (300 Watts each) Calibrated solar cell Thermocouples
Test prototypes outside Thermocouples
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Picture of Indoor Testing Stand
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Future Work Calibrate testing equipment Conduct tests and analyze data Use HOQ to determine winning prototype Combine features and optimize materials Possibly build new prototype Field test in Venezuela Utilize field test results, possibly redesign
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Thanks and Questions Thanks to:
Dr. Carrano Dr. Thorn Dr. Raffaelle Carlos Plaz Mr. Wellin Dr. Mozrall Chris Wood
Questions?