enzymatic deinking - a bright solution with a bright future
TRANSCRIPT
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/20101
Md. Hanif Shaikh
Application Scientist
Novozymes, India
8-Oct-10
�What are enzymes?
� Enzymatic catalysis sequence
� Deinking
� Enzymatic Deinking technology
AGENDA
10/8/20102 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
� Case study
� Potential benefits of enzymatic deinking
� Summary
What are enzymes?
Enzymes characteristics:
� Proteins
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� Proteins
� Natural organic catalysts
� Small amounts needed
� Efficient, fast and specific
� Easy to control
� React under mild conditions
� No adverse effect on environment
� NOT living organisms
Enzymes are present in all living cells, converting nutrients into energy and building blocks, and making new cellular structures.
Industrial enzymes are made by microorganisms.
Enzymes are proteins10/8/20104 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
http://www.labbench.com/sample/active.html
• Enzymes have a compact 3D-structure
• Molecular weight of 10-100 kDa
• Size: globular with diameter = 5-10 nm
• The Active Site (small part of the enzyme)
determines functionality
• Enzymes are nature’s catalysts
• Accelerate reactions that normally
require high temperatures or extreme pH
• Unchanged by the reaction (i.e. they are
not consumed or destroyed)
• Enzymes are very specific with respect to
Enzymes are organic catalysts10/8/20105 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
• Enzymes are very specific with respect to
substrate and reaction
• e.g. cellulases are specific for cellulose &
lipases are specific for lipids.
How does an enzyme work?
Even when different substrate molecules are present, only those that have the specific complementary shape are able to bind with the enzyme's active site.
10/8/20106 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
Binding site
Mechanism of pH and Enzyme Function
� When the pH changes, the active site progressively distorts.
� In the presence of either excess H+ or excess OH-
ions, the globular protein's shape is
10/8/20107 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
protein's shape is altered.
� The active site is distorted and the enzyme cannot catalyze reactions.
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected] 10/8/2010
Deinking .......
Deinking is the industrial process of removing
printing ink from paper fibers of recycled paper to
make deinked pulp.
The key in the deinking process is the ability to detach
.
The key in the deinking process is the ability to detach
ink from the fibers. This is achieved by a combination
of mechanical action and chemical means.
Paper is one of the main targets for recycling. A
concern about recycling wood pulp paper is that the
fibers are degraded after being recycled 4–6 times
the fibers become too short and weak to be useful in
making
�Enzymes efficiently improves deinking operations thus extending
the use of recycled paper without compromising brightness or
strength properties.
�Enzymes offers an optimized, reliable, and predictable effect
Enzymatic Deinking
10/8/20109 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
�Enzymes is designed to be effective, yet gentle on fibers and
efficient in enhancing liberation of ink from the fiber surface.
Deinking involves dislodging ink particles from fiber surfaces and
then separating the dispersed ink from the fiber suspension by
washing or flotation.
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201010
VVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVVVVVVVV
Shear
Enzymatic Deinking Technology
VVVFiber
VVVVVVVVVVVV
Fiber
Ink/Toner
Enzymes
Enzymes improves ink separation from fiber by attacking ink & fiber interface
• Result in better ink release• Less ink deposition back to fiber; Improve fiber cleanness• Brightness increase and dirt reduction.
• Combination with the right surfactant is key to success.
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201011
Enzymatic Deinking technology
degraded starchstarch
� Enzymes (Amylase) assist ink release by degrading the starch in coating and sizing.
� Enzymes also degrade starch associated to ink particle surface to help improve flotation
efficiency (as illustrated below).
� Expose the hydrophobic nature of ink particles
� Improve ink removal across flotation cells
� Result in higher delta brightness across flotation cells
Enzymes
hydrophobichydrophilic
degraded starchstarch
Case Study
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201012
Main Objective:
• To reduce deinking Chemical Consumption and cost benefit.
Other Objectives:
• Cleaner recycled white water
• Increase brightness of Feed in Floatation Cell• Increase brightness of Feed in Floatation Cell
Background:
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201013
Trial Target: Deinking Chemical Consumption with cost benefit.
Furnish: MOW, CBS, Old News print
Final product = Writing & printing
Deinking Process: Flotation CellDeinking Process: Flotation Cell
Chemical used: Sodium hydroxide, Hydrogen peroxide &
Surfactant
Target Brightness : 80 ISO
Application Conditions:
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201015
Dosing Point: Pulper
Enzyme Dosage: 0.280 kg/ton of dry pulp
Retention times in Pulper: 20 minutes
Treatment conditions: pH = 8.5 (Initial pH:10)
Temperature = ~50°CTemperature = ~50°C
Trial period: 7 days
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Results:Increasing of Feed Brightness
• Brightness gained about 1-1.5
points at Feed of Flotation Cell
with enzyme treatment as
compared to Control.
.
• Significant brightness
improved at Feed of
Flotation Cell and darker
reject at Flotation Cell Reject
Line. This is due to more inks
can has been removed through
Flotation Cell Reject and
cleaner. Thus, the white water
recycle back to Pulper becomes
cleaner and less ink content.
This trial is made on CBS = 25%, Multi grade = 25% & records = 50% and shows the typical effect of enzyme cocktail on brightness
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected] 10/8/2010
Results:Reduction in residual ink
• From this graph it can be
studied that there is significant
reduction in residual ink count
at various process step.
.
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Results:Reduction in residual ink
� The Flotation Cell Reject Line
which was treated with
Enzymes was darker when
compared to control (without
enzyme treatment).
.
enzyme treatment).
� This indicates the reduction in
residue ink on fiber.
With Enzyme TreatmentWithout Enzyme Treatment
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected] 10/8/2010
Chemical Consumption
• Enzymatic Deinking was able
to reduce sodium hydroxide by
almost 50 % .
• Reduction in Sodium Silicate
100%
80%
100%
120%
5
6
7
Percenta
ge s
avin
g
Control Enzymatic Deinking (Kg/T) Percentage Saving
.
• Reduction in Sodium Silicate
by 37 %.
• With complete elimination of
hydrogen Peroxide in the
Pulper
Cost benefit by using enzyme cocktail
50%
37%
0%
20%
40%
60%
0
1
2
3
4
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Silicate Hydrogen Peroxide
Surfactant Biodeink D
Percenta
ge s
avin
g
Deinking Chemistry
Kg/Tone
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected] 10/8/2010
Potential Benefits of Enzymatic De-Inking
� Reduce or eliminate the use of certain
chemicals.
� Improve the pulp brightness.
.
� Improve the pulp brightness.
� Lower dirt count.
� Water/yield saving.
� Improved drainage properties.
� Mild processing conditions.
� Reduced effluent toxicity.
� Environmental friendly.
� Reduce overall production cost.
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected] 10/8/2010
Summary
• Enzymatic deinking process enhance the physical properties, higher brightness and lower residual ink when compared to chemically de-inked pulp.
In the pulping arena, enzymatic based deinking shows promise as a means of reducing chemical use and wastewater treatment
.
pulp.
• Enzymatic deinking works at neutral or slight alkaline environment which reduces overall chemical requirement and minimizes yellowing of reclaimed paper after alkaline deinking.
• Reduce chemical usage means lower waste treatment cost and reduce environmental impacts.
treatment
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]/8/201022
THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION23 10/8/201010/8/201023 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION [email protected]
THANK YOU
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