ENVIT:ENVIT: Software Tools for Software Tools for Environmental Field Environmental Field StudyStudy

Hydrologic ModelingHydrologic Modeling

Hardware & Field EquipmentHardware & Field Equipment

User InterfaceUser Interface

HydroLab ProbeHydroLab Probe

GIS / GPSGIS / GPS

ENVIT:ENVIT:Hydrologic Modeling Hydrologic Modeling DivisionDivision

Anna Leos-UrbelAnna Leos-Urbel

Kevin RichardsKevin Richards

Eric LauEric Lau

The Hunter River BasinThe Hunter River Basin

Water Quality BackgroundWater Quality Background

November 1991 – 1000km toxic November 1991 – 1000km toxic algal bloom along Barwon and algal bloom along Barwon and Darling rivers in New South WalesDarling rivers in New South Wales

Summers 1991-1993 – non-toxic Summers 1991-1993 – non-toxic algal blooms in Grahamstown algal blooms in Grahamstown ReservoirReservoir

Australia spends $142-168 million Australia spends $142-168 million per year on monitoring quality per year on monitoring quality

Main Quality FactorsMain Quality Factors

TurbidityTurbidity SalinitySalinity Nutrients (N, P)Nutrients (N, P) Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) Fecal ColiformFecal Coliform

Strategies Strategies

Extensive monitoringExtensive monitoring– HITSHITS– Hunter Water CorporationHunter Water Corporation

Hunter Salinity Trading SchemeHunter Salinity Trading Scheme Contingency plansContingency plans Prevention measuresPrevention measures

Sampling LocationsSampling Locations

Tillegra Dam SiteTillegra Dam Site Chichester DamChichester Dam Glen Williams SiteGlen Williams Site Boags Boags

Hill/Seaham Weir Hill/Seaham Weir SiteSite

NerrigundahNerrigundah

Sampling AgendaSampling Agenda

Turbidity, Conductivity, Chlorophyll-aTurbidity, Conductivity, Chlorophyll-a Nitrate, nitrite, ammoniaNitrate, nitrite, ammonia Organo-phosphateOrgano-phosphate Total IronTotal Iron SilicaSilica CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria Fecal ColiformFecal Coliform

Assessment Against Assessment Against GuidelinesGuidelines

TillegrTillegraa

GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill

TurbidityTurbidity MediuMediumm

LowLow MediumMedium

Conductivity Conductivity LowLow LowLow LowLow

ColiformColiform MediuMediumm

LowLow LowLow

Total NTotal N MediuMediumm

MediumMedium MediumMedium

Total PTotal P HighHigh MediumMedium HighHigh

ChlorophyllChlorophyll LowLow LowLow LowLow

CyanobacteCyanobacteriaria

-- -- Low Low

Expected Range of Results Expected Range of Results (January)(January)

TillegrTillegraa

GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill

Turbidity Turbidity (NTU)(NTU)

88 8 8 88

Conductivity Conductivity ((μS/cm)μS/cm)

150150 175175 175175

Coliform Coliform (cfu/100ml)(cfu/100ml)

400400 175175 00

Chlorophyll Chlorophyll ((μg/L)μg/L)

44 11 77

CyanobacteCyanobacteria ria (cell/ml)(cell/ml)

-- -- ~500~500

Average Results (year)Average Results (year)

TillegraTillegra GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill

Nitrate Nitrate (mg/L)(mg/L)

<0.01<0.01 0.030.03 0.070.07

Nitrite Nitrite (mg/L)(mg/L)

<0.01<0.01 <0.01<0.01 0.010.01

Ammonia Ammonia (mg/L)(mg/L)

0.020.02 0.030.03 0.060.06

PhosphorPhosphorus us (mg/L)(mg/L)

N/aN/a N/aN/a 0.0210.021

Silica Silica (mg/L)(mg/L)

10.610.6 12.812.8 12.112.1

Iron Iron (mg/L)(mg/L) 0.140.14 0.360.36 1.251.25

ENVIT:ENVIT:Hardware DivisionHardware Division

Jamie BradyJamie Brady

Trisha McAndrewTrisha McAndrew

Laura Rubiano GomezLaura Rubiano GomezAdvisor: Richard CamilliAdvisor: Richard Camilli

Project DescriptionProject Description

Protective Cover (GPS/iPAQ/Expansion Protective Cover (GPS/iPAQ/Expansion Pack/Cables)Pack/Cables)

External battery for HydroLab/iPAQExternal battery for HydroLab/iPAQ Power meterPower meter Flow meter modificationFlow meter modification Calibration materials and guidelines for Calibration materials and guidelines for

field equipmentfield equipment Parameters for manual probe GUIParameters for manual probe GUI

ENVIT Power SystemENVIT Power System

Water-proof CasingWater-proof Casing

AquapacAquapac– Modified to Modified to

accommodate accommodate cablescables

Power Jack Hydrolab

External Battery PackExternal Battery Pack

Hydrolab Hydrolab powerpackpowerpack– DC-DC converterDC-DC converter

Connects the Connects the systemsystem

Power meterPower meter

External Battery PackExternal Battery Pack

Connects iPAQ Connects iPAQ and HydroLab to and HydroLab to power sourcepower source

Power MeterPower Meter

Circuit DesignCircuit Design Determine:Determine:

– Voltages when 95%, 60%, 20% and 10% of Voltages when 95%, 60%, 20% and 10% of power remainingpower remaining

Use above voltages to find:Use above voltages to find:

– Resistor values for RResistor values for R11-R-R66

– Potentiometer valuePotentiometer value– Zener diode valueZener diode value

Put circuit board togetherPut circuit board together

Power Pack MonitorPower Pack Monitor

R4

R3

R5

R6

R2R1

P1

12vgreen

amber

amber

redZ1

1000

1000

1000

1000+12v

Values for the six resistors (R1- R6)and potentiometer (P1), are based on the voltage reference value chosen for the zener diode (Z1) and assuming an input current range for the operational amplifiers of between 1A and 100A. The op-amp used is a quad-input National Semiconductor

LM324. (http://www.national.com/ds/LM/LM124.pdf.)

R1 = 169 K

R2 = 499 K

R3 = 11 K

R4 = 11.3 K

R5 = 9.09 K

R6 = 249 K

ENVIT Power Pack MonitorENVIT Power Pack Monitor

FlowmeterFlowmeter

Biology KitBiology Kit

Parameters:Parameters:– E. coliE. coli– Total ColiformTotal Coliform

SpectrophotometerSpectrophotometer

Figure out how it Figure out how it works!works!

Determine Determine elements we can elements we can test fortest for

Order necessary Order necessary supplies for tests supplies for tests and calibrationand calibration

SpectrophotometerSpectrophotometer

Parameters:Parameters:– AmmoniaAmmonia– Nitrate (LR, MR)Nitrate (LR, MR)– NitriteNitrite– PhosphatePhosphate– SilicaSilica

Future ImprovementsFuture Improvements

Design a waterproof casing for Design a waterproof casing for batterybattery

Better arrangement of wires Better arrangement of wires coming out from battery packcoming out from battery pack

Larger Aquapac or other protective Larger Aquapac or other protective cover to facilitate removal of iPAQcover to facilitate removal of iPAQ

ENVIT:ENVIT:User Interface User Interface DivisionDivision

Amy WatsonAmy Watson

Nancy ChoiNancy Choi

Kim SchwingKim Schwing

ENVITNoteENVITNote

Environmental software application for Environmental software application for hand-held, portable computers to be hand-held, portable computers to be used directly for gathering and storing used directly for gathering and storing data (an electronic journal).data (an electronic journal).

Record environmental and geolocational Record environmental and geolocational data automatically in the field.data automatically in the field.

Applications for hydrology sampling, Applications for hydrology sampling, water quality sampling, field mapping water quality sampling, field mapping (GIS) and positioning (GPS).(GIS) and positioning (GPS).

The UserThe User

Who is the user?Who is the user? What are the user’s goals?What are the user’s goals?

Graphical User Interface Graphical User Interface (GUI)(GUI)

““A program interface that takes A program interface that takes advantage of the computer’s advantage of the computer’s graphics capabilities to make the graphics capabilities to make the program easier to use. Well-program easier to use. Well-designed graphical user interfaces designed graphical user interfaces can free the user from learning can free the user from learning complex command languages.” complex command languages.” (www.pcwebopedia.com)(www.pcwebopedia.com)

GUI Group DeliverablesGUI Group Deliverables

User and Project setupUser and Project setup Control screensControl screens Interaction with databaseInteraction with database Computation applicationsComputation applications

User Centered DesignUser Centered Design

““Simple is better”Simple is better” Programs that flow logicallyPrograms that flow logically Understandable formatUnderstandable format Standardize functionalityStandardize functionality

Visual BasicVisual Basic Microsoft developed programming Microsoft developed programming

language and environment.language and environment. Based on the BASIC languageBased on the BASIC language Provides a graphical programming Provides a graphical programming

environment and a paint metaphor for environment and a paint metaphor for developing user interfaces.developing user interfaces.

Do not need to worry about syntax detailsDo not need to worry about syntax details Can add code by dragging and dropping Can add code by dragging and dropping

controls and then defining their controls and then defining their appearance and behavior. appearance and behavior.

Microsoft eMbedded Visual Microsoft eMbedded Visual Tools 3.0Tools 3.0

The Microsoft® eMbedded Visual Tools The Microsoft® eMbedded Visual Tools 3.0 delivers a complete desktop 3.0 delivers a complete desktop development environment for creating development environment for creating applications and system components for applications and system components for Windows® Powered devices, including Windows® Powered devices, including the Pocket PC and Handheld PC. the Pocket PC and Handheld PC.

The eMbedded Visual Tools include The eMbedded Visual Tools include eMbedded Visual Basic® and eMbedded eMbedded Visual Basic® and eMbedded Visual C++®, including SDKs for the Visual C++®, including SDKs for the Pocket PC, Palm-size PC, and Handheld Pocket PC, Palm-size PC, and Handheld PC. PC.

Components of the GUIComponents of the GUI

WelcomeWelcome LoginLogin Instrument IdentificationInstrument Identification Control Form – tab strip formatControl Form – tab strip format Menu Bar Options Menu Bar Options

WelcomeForm

ENVIT Note: Pocket PC ApplicationUser Interface Flow Chart

ENVITGrapher

Form

ENVITConverter

Form

ENVITCalculator

Form

ENVITSolverForm

Menu Bar Items

Help Form

Login Form

ControlForm

HydroLabFrame

StreamFlowFrame

ChemistryFrame

BiologyFrame

GPS Frame GIS Frame CommentsFrame

Tab Strip Items

ENVIT GPSForm

HydroLabCalibrate

Form

HydroLabManual

Input Form

HydroLabRecordForm

HydroLabConfigure

Form

StreamflowInput Form

End Form

Icon

Exit

InstrumentID Form

ViewSectionFrame

ViewSectionFrame

ArcPadForm

ENVITNote DemonstrationENVITNote Demonstration

ENVIT:ENVIT:HydroLab Probe HydroLab Probe DivisionDivision

Arthur FitzmauriceArthur Fitzmaurice

Chrissy DobsonChrissy Dobson

Lisa WaltersLisa Walters

TasksTasks

Provide “black box” of deviceProvide “black box” of device Enable serial communication Enable serial communication

between iPAQ and HydroLabbetween iPAQ and HydroLab Enable user to calibrate HydroLab Enable user to calibrate HydroLab

sensors and collect water quality sensors and collect water quality datadata

Provide user with error and range Provide user with error and range checkcheck

Progression of the Progression of the Hydrolab GUIHydrolab GUI

Read HydroLab manualRead HydroLab manual Developed preliminary list of parameters Developed preliminary list of parameters

and unitsand units Researched calibration requirementsResearched calibration requirements Created GUI for calibrating parameters, Created GUI for calibrating parameters,

taking measurements, and displaying taking measurements, and displaying datadata

Developed list of ranges for each Developed list of ranges for each parameter and possible errorsparameter and possible errors

Parameters and UnitsParameters and Units

Chlorophyll Chlorophyll ((g/L)g/L)

ConductivityConductivity (mmHg, psia)(mmHg, psia)

– Salinity Salinity (ppt)(ppt)

– Specific Specific Conductance Conductance (ms/cm)(ms/cm)

– Resistivity Resistivity (k(k-cm)-cm)

– Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Solids Solids (g/L)(g/L)

DepthDepth (m, ft, psi)(m, ft, psi)

Dissolved Dissolved OxygenOxygen (mg/L, %Sat)(mg/L, %Sat)

pHpH TemperatureTemperature (K, (K,

F, C)F, C)

TurbidityTurbidity (NTU, V)(NTU, V)

When to Calibrate the When to Calibrate the SensorsSensors

Factory calibratedFactory calibrated Site –specificSite –specific Frequency of deploymentsFrequency of deployments

How to Calibrate a Sensor How to Calibrate a Sensor Example: Dissolved OxygenExample: Dissolved Oxygen

Select parameter: Dissolved Select parameter: Dissolved OxygenOxygen– Temperature does not require calibrationTemperature does not require calibration

Prepare sensor for calibrationPrepare sensor for calibration– Instructions for calibration preparation in Instructions for calibration preparation in

user manualuser manual

Choose %SatChoose %Sat Enter barometric pressure Enter barometric pressure (mmHg)(mmHg)

How to Take a How to Take a Measurement Measurement Example: Example:

Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen

Select parameter: Dissolved Select parameter: Dissolved OxygenOxygen

Select units: Select units: % saturation, mg/L% saturation, mg/L

Multiple samples?Multiple samples?– Enter sampling time and units Enter sampling time and units (i.e. (i.e.

seconds, minutes, hours, days)seconds, minutes, hours, days)

– Enter time interval and unitsEnter time interval and units

Potential ErrorsPotential Errors

Hydrolab off or improperly connectedHydrolab off or improperly connected Serial port in use by other applicationSerial port in use by other application Battery not attached or not enough powerBattery not attached or not enough power Parameter called by user not available on Parameter called by user not available on

specific Hydrolabspecific Hydrolab Parameter called by user not calibratedParameter called by user not calibrated Calibration expired or not available for Calibration expired or not available for

parameterparameter Hydrolab data not within valid rangeHydrolab data not within valid range Time interval greater than total sampling timeTime interval greater than total sampling time

HydroLab GUIHydroLab GUI

Progression of Serial Progression of Serial CommunicationCommunication

Researched serial communicationResearched serial communication Set up serial connectionSet up serial connection C++ code for each functionC++ code for each function

Linking the User to the Linking the User to the HydrolabHydrolab

DecisionBy User

Decision Translated Into Query

Query sent fromcontrol program (master)to hydrolab (slave)

Response sent from hydrolab (slave) to control program (master)

Response Translated Into Data Components

Data Sent to User and to Database

CommunicationCommunication

Master SlaveQuery

Response

Queries of Interest to the Queries of Interest to the UserUser

Setup queriesSetup queries– Select parameter unitsSelect parameter units– (Choose other display options )(Choose other display options )

Calibration queriesCalibration queries– Calibrate parameters for use at specific siteCalibrate parameters for use at specific site

Report data queriesReport data queries– Collect and log dataCollect and log data

Format of the QueryFormat of the Query

Query = msg + CRC(msg)Query = msg + CRC(msg)

msg = Query definitionmsg = Query definition

CRC(msg) = error check functionCRC(msg) = error check function

msg Compositionmsg Composition

msg = addressmsg = address11 + function + function22 (+ sub- (+ sub-function + sub-sub-function) function + sub-sub-function) 33 + data + data byte sizebyte size44 + data + data55

1. Address is unique to hydrolab

2. Function is decision-specific

3. Sub-functions are parameter-specific

4. Data byte size is function- and sub-function- specific

5. Data is function- and sub-function-specific

1. Acquiring Hydrolab 1. Acquiring Hydrolab AddressAddress

QUERYQUERY 5 bytes5 bytes

Slave (broadcast) Slave (broadcast) AddressAddress

0000

FunctionFunction 4040

Data Block SizeData Block Size 0000

CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______

msg = Slave Address + Function + Data Block Size + Error Check

2. Function Designation2. Function Designation

Report Slave IDReport Slave ID 4040

Report Parameter SetupReport Parameter Setup 4949

Execute Parameter SetupExecute Parameter Setup 4A4A

Report Parameter Report Parameter CalibrationCalibration

4B4B

Execute Parameter Execute Parameter CalibrationCalibration

4C4C

Report Parameter DataReport Parameter Data 4D4D

3. Sub-function 3. Sub-function DesignationsDesignations

Sub-function = Parameter (1 to P)Sub-function = Parameter (1 to P) Sub-sub-function:Sub-sub-function:

a) Parameter Setupa) Parameter Setup Setup Variable Setup Variable

(1 to N)(1 to N)

b) Parameter b) Parameter CalibrationCalibration

Calibration Calibration Value Value

(1 to C)(1 to C)

2. Function Designation2. Function Designation

Report Slave IDReport Slave ID 4040

Report Parameter SetupReport Parameter Setup 4949

Execute Parameter SetupExecute Parameter Setup 4A4A

Report Parameter Report Parameter CalibrationCalibration

4B4B

Execute Parameter Execute Parameter CalibrationCalibration

4C4C

Report Parameter DataReport Parameter Data 4D4D

msg Compositionmsg Composition

msg = addressmsg = address11 + function + function22 (+ sub- (+ sub-function + sub-sub-function) function + sub-sub-function) 33 + data + data byte sizebyte size44 + data + data55

1. Address is unique to hydrolab

2. Function is decision-specific

3. Sub-functions are parameter-specific

4. Data byte size is function- and sub-function- specific

5. Data is function- and sub-function-specific

Query MessageQuery Message

QUERYQUERY 5 bytes5 bytes

Slave AddressSlave Address 0000

FunctionFunction 4040

Data Block SizeData Block Size 0000

CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______

Response MessageResponse MessageRESPONSERESPONSE 60 bytes60 bytes

Slave AddressSlave Address aaaa

FunctionFunction 4040

Data Block SizeData Block Size 3737

Manufacturer StringManufacturer String %16s%16s

Serial NumberSerial Number %8s%8s

Model StringModel String %16s%16s

Software Revision StringSoftware Revision String %5s%5s

MODBUS Support Revision MODBUS Support Revision StringString

%5s%5s

CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______

ENVIT:ENVIT:GIS/GPS DivisionGIS/GPS Division

Brian LouxBrian Loux

Aurora KagawaAurora Kagawa

Linda LiangLinda LiangAdvisors: Daniel Sheehan, Kan Advisors: Daniel Sheehan, Kan

LiuLiu

Project DescriptionProject Description

Provide GPS data and reference Provide GPS data and reference maps as part of field notebookmaps as part of field notebook

Display collected data on reference Display collected data on reference maps using GIS and edit as maps using GIS and edit as necessarynecessary

Conceptual Overview Conceptual Overview GIS/GPS ProjectGIS/GPS Project

Display as MapOn GIS

GPS data

Hydrolab / Stream data

Reference maps

Local Database

Raw Data iPAQ

Return results toDatabase

Server

Group GoalsGroup Goals

Obtain GPS data and send to field Obtain GPS data and send to field notebooknotebook

Provide maps for field referenceProvide maps for field reference Display data from server database Display data from server database

on reference mapson reference maps

Group TasksGroup Tasks

Write two scriptsWrite two scripts– Obtain GPS data using ArcPadObtain GPS data using ArcPad– Display data in ArcPadDisplay data in ArcPad

Create organization for data and Create organization for data and reference maps on iPAQsreference maps on iPAQs

Set up and test all iPAQsSet up and test all iPAQs

ResultsResults

Arcpad ScriptsArcpad Scripts Data Collected and Processed Data Collected and Processed

(MEng)(MEng) Shapefiles completedShapefiles completed iPAQs organized and loadediPAQs organized and loaded

Program: GPSWrite2FileProgram: GPSWrite2File

Takes in location from GPS unit and Takes in location from GPS unit and stores it as a local file on the IPAQstores it as a local file on the IPAQ– Open GPSOpen GPS– Stored as comma delimited file “gps.txt”Stored as comma delimited file “gps.txt”– File includes identifying keysFile includes identifying keys– Takes one reading every 5 seconds for 5 Takes one reading every 5 seconds for 5

minutesminutes– .txt file accessed by database.txt file accessed by database

Program: AddPointProgram: AddPoint

A function that plots specified dataA function that plots specified data– User selects which measured quantity User selects which measured quantity

they wish to seethey wish to see– Each point represents a datumEach point represents a datum– Background map of AustraliaBackground map of Australia– Points show up on prewritten shapefilesPoints show up on prewritten shapefiles

Data CollectionData Collection

30 meter resolution data30 meter resolution data Processed by Kevin and EricProcessed by Kevin and Eric

ShapefilesShapefiles

Required to plot Required to plot datadata

Color Coded Color Coded Prepared ranges Prepared ranges

What Each iPAQ Will Need:What Each iPAQ Will Need: ArcPad version 6 beta 5ArcPad version 6 beta 5 ArcPad scriptsArcPad scripts GPS ReceiverGPS Receiver Maps of AustraliaMaps of Australia Projection dataProjection data ShapefilesShapefiles GIS/GPS Folder structureGIS/GPS Folder structure

Structure of iPAQ dataStructure of iPAQ data

My Device My Documents

GPS Files

GIS DB

GIS Map

GIS Shape

GIS Shape2

Future Work in CambridgeFuture Work in Cambridge

Fixing integration with databaseFixing integration with database Loading and testing all iPAQsLoading and testing all iPAQs Field test December 14thField test December 14th Form backup strategy for filesForm backup strategy for files

Future Work in AustraliaFuture Work in Australia

Evening preparation of dataEvening preparation of data– Clipping reference materialsClipping reference materials– Reload iPAQsReload iPAQs

Help others use ArcPadHelp others use ArcPad

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Enrique VivoniEnrique Vivoni Richard CamilliRichard Camilli Daniel Daniel

SheehanSheehan Sheila FrankelSheila Frankel Don FrankelDon Frankel Kan LiuKan Liu

Rose LiuRose Liu Keyuan XuKeyuan Xu Mario Mario

RodriguezRodriguez Neeraj AgarwalNeeraj Agarwal Ching-Hieu TsoChing-Hieu Tso Russ SpielerRuss Spieler

ENVIT:ENVIT: Software Tools for Software Tools for Environmental Field Environmental Field StudyStudy

Hydrologic ModelingHydrologic Modeling

Hardware & Field EquipmentHardware & Field Equipment

User InterfaceUser Interface

HydroLab ProbeHydroLab Probe

GIS / GPSGIS / GPS