environmental science chapter 7 – biodiversity and conservation

Environmental Science

Chapter 7 – Biodiversity and Conservation

The Central Case

Saving the Siberian Tiger

Big Question: Why is it important to protect biodiversity?

Section 1: What is biodiversity?

Objectives:

1. Differentiate the components of biodiversity

2. Explain 2 ways in which biodiversity varies across groups or geography

3. Describe the economic benefits of biodiversity


Classifying species_____________________ are scientists that

classify species according _______________ and _______________ _________________.7 classifications from broadest to most

specific: ________________, ______________, _____________, _________________, _____________, ______________, and ___________________.


_________________ __________________ is used to identify inter-related species.

- For example humans binomial nomenclature is: _______________ __________.

Kingdom:

Phylum:

Class:

Order:


Family:

Genus:

Species:


____________________ is a population of organisms that has genetically based characteristics, such as size or color, that differ from members of the same species in a different area. can interbreed if they live in the same habitat.


________________________ describes the variety of life across all levels of ecological organization

3 parts to biodiversity: __________________________, ___________________________, and ___________________________.


Species diversity__________________ ___________________ is the

number or variety of species in a particular region.

Speciation generates new species in an area, adding to species diversity, while extinction decreases species diverstiy.


Genetic diversity

_________________ ________________ describes the differences in DNA among individuals within species and populations.Allows __________________ to local

conditions.Ex:


Ecosystem diversity

_____________________ ________________ describes the number and variety of ecosystems within a given area.


How do scientists come up with precise ways to express a region’s biodiversity???

How do we measure biodiversity??Scientists estimate there exists between 3

million to 100 million different species on Earth.

Best guess estimates range between 5 and 30 million.


Why is there such a big range?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.


Benefits of biodiversity Biodiversity and ecosystem

servicesEx:

Biodiversity and Ecosystem functionsResistant ecosystem:Resilient ecosystem:


Biodiversity and AgricultureEx:

Biodiversity and MedicineEx:


Biodiversity, Tourism, and RecreationEx:

Section 2: Extinction and Biodiversity Loss

Objectives:

1. Describe how biodiversity is monitored and explain current biodiversity trends

2. List the major causes of biodiversity loss


Biodiversity loss

What do you think is the greatest factor influencing biodiversity loss throughout history???

Now, share with a neighbor………


_____________________ describes the disappearance of a particular population from a given area, but not of the entire species from Earth.

_______________________ - the pace at which species naturally go extinct.


_________________________ results when extinction occurs at a rate faster than the background rate of extinction.

These have occurred at least _________ times in Earth’s history.

The sixth mass extinction??????


How do scientists categorize the risk of biodiversity loss?An ___________________ is one that

is at serious risk of extinction.A ____________________ is one that

is likely to become endangered soon.


ICUN: ICUN Red List of Threatened

Species

WWF:

UNEP:

Living Planet Index:


Causes of biodiversity loss1.2.3.4.5.


Habitat change and loss________________________ describes

the division of a habitat into smaller patches.

This is the greatest cause of biodiversity loss today_______% of threatened mammals

and _______% of threatened birds


Invasive SpeciesThese can drive a native species to

extinction.

Pollution______________, _______________,

______________ and ___________________that pollute air and water can poison people and wildlife


OverharvestingOccurs when humans ___________,

_________, or ___________ a species faster than it can replenish its population.Examples: ____________: the illegal capture or

killing of an organism


Climate ChangeThis has more of a global effect

rather than a local effectEx:

Section 3: Protecting Biodiversity

Objectives

1. Explain legal actions nations can take to protect biodiversity

2. Explain the goal of Species Survival Plans.

3. Describe three strategies for managing whole ecosystems and habitats.


Whose responsibility is it to protect biodiversity?

Should something be done LEGALLY to protect biodiversity?

If so, who then, enforces these laws?


The Endangered Species Act (ESA)Passed in ____________ by the

_______.3 major parts:

1. 2.3.


Benefits and Costs of the ESABenefits:

1. 2.

Costs1. 2.


International CooperationSupported by the

_______________________.CITES: The Biodiversity Treaty:


Approaches of the ESA1. Single-Species Approaches

____________________________ - the process of breeding and raising organisms in controlled conditionsZoos and aquariums__________________________________

________________


Ecosystem and Habitat ApproachesThe ESA does NOT specifically

protect whole habitats and ecosystems

BUT, conservationists are now moving beyond single species approaches.


___________________________ - an area that both supports an especially high number of endangered species AND is rapidly losing biodiversityA species is __________________ to an

area if it is found NOWHERE else in the world

Conservation International


Economic ApproachesDebt-for-nature swap:Conservation concession:

Wildlife Corridors

environmental science chapter 7 – biodiversity and conservation

Documents

variety of species

new species

components of biodiversity

species diverstiy

related species

conservation slide

variety of life

different area