PROPOSED RULES

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONAGENCY

E 40 CFR Part 417]SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING

POINT SOURCE CATEGORY

Effluent Limitations Guidelines

Notice is hereby given that effluentlimitations guidelines for existing sourcesand standards of performance andpretreatment standards for new sourcesset forth in tentative form below areproposed by the Environmental Pro-tection Agency (EPA) for the soapmanufacturing by batch kettle sub-category (Subpart A), the fatty acidmanufacturing by fat splitting sub-category (Subpart B), the soapmanufacturing by fatty acid neutral-ization subcategory (Subpart C), theglycerine concentration subcategory(Subpart D), the glycerine distillationsubcategory (Subpart E). the manu-facture of soap flakes and powders sub-category (Subpart F), the manufactureof bar soaps subcategory (Subpart G),the manufacture of liquid soaps sub-category (Subpart H), the oleum sul-fonation and sulfation subcategory(Subpart I), the air-S03 sulfation andsulfonation subcategory (Subpart J),the S03 solvent and vacuum sulfonationsubcategory (Subpart K), the sulfamicacid sulfation subcategory (Subpart L),the chlorosulfonic acid sulfation sub-category (Subpart M), the neutral-ization of sulfuric acid esters andsulfonic acids subcategory (Subpart N),the manufacture of spray drieddetergents subcategory (Subpart 0),the manufacture of liquid detergentssubcategory (Subpart P), the deter-gent manufacturing by dry blendingsubcategory (Subpart Q), the manu-facture of drum dried detergents sub-category (Subpart R), and the manu-facture of detergent bars and cakessubcategory (Subpart S), of the soapand detergent maunfacturing categoryof point sources pursuant to the Fed-

-eral Water Pollution Control Act, asamended (33 U.S.C.. 1251, 1311, 1314 (b)and (c), -1316(b) and '1317(c); 86 Stat.816 et seq.; P.L. 92-500) (the "Act").

LEGAL AUTHORITY

(1) Existing point sources. Section301(b) of the Act requires the achieve-ment by not later than July 1, 1977, ofeffluent limitations for point sources,other than publicly owned treatmentworks, which require the application ofthe best practicable control technologycurrently available as defined by theAdministrator pursuant to section 304(b)of the Act. Section 301(b) also requiresthe achievement by not later than July 1,1983, of effluent limitations for pointsources, other than publicly ownedtreatment works, which require theapplication of best available technologyeconomically achievable which willresult in reasonable further progresstoward the national goal of eliminatingthe discharge of all pollutants, as deter-

mined in accordance with regulationsissued by the Administrator pursuantto section 304(b) to the Act.

Section 304(b) of the Act requiresthe Administrator to publish regulationsproviding guidelines for effluent limita-tions setting forth the degree of effluentreduction attainable through theapplication of the best practicablecontrol technology currently availableand the degree of effluent reductionattainable through the application ofthe best control measures and practicesachievable including treatment tech-niques, process and procedure innova-

'tions, operating methods and otheralternatives. The regulations proposedherein set forth effluent limitationsguidelines, pursuant to section 304(b) ofthe Act, for the soap and detergentmanufacturing category.

(2) New sources. Section 306 of theAct requires the achievement by newsources of a Federal standard of per-formance providing for the control of thedischarge of pollutants which reflectsthe greatest degree of effluent reductionwhich the Administrator 'determines tobe achievable through application ofthe best available demonstrated con-trol technology, processes, operatingmethods, or other alternatives, including,where practicable, a standard permittingno discharge of pollutants.

Section 306(b) (1) (B) of the Act re-quires the Administrator to proposeregulations establishing Federal stand-ards of performance for categories ofnew sources included in a list publishedpursuant to section 306(b) (1) (A) of theAct. The Administrator published in theFEDERAL EGISTER of January 16, 1973,(38 FR 1624) a list of 27 source cate-gories, including the soap and detergentmanufacturing category. The regulationsproposed herein set forth the standardsof performance applicable to new sourcesfor the soap and detergent -manufactur-ing category.

Section 307(c) of the Act requires theAdministrator to promulgate pretreat-ment standards for new sources at thesame time that standards of perform-ance for new sources are promulgatedpursuant to section 306. Sections 417.15,417.25, 417.35, 417.45, 417.55, 417.65,417.75, 417.85, 417.95, 417.105, 417.115,417.125, 417.135, 417.145, 417.155, 417.165,417.175, 417.185 and 417.195 proposedbelow provide pretreatment standardsfor new sources within the soap anddetergent manufacturing category.

Section 304(c) of the Act requires theAdministrator to issue to the Statesand appropriate water pollution controlagencies information on the processes,procedures or operating methods whichresult in the elimination or reduction ofthe discharge of pollutants to implementstandards of performance under Section306 of the Act. The Development Docu-ment referred to below provides, pur-suant to section 304(c) of the Act, infor-mation on such processes, procedures oroperating methods.

SWO MiY AND BASIS OF PROPOSED EF-FLUENT, ImIATIONS GUIDELINES- FOR

EXISTING SOURCES AND STANDARDS OF

PERFORMANCE AND PRETREATMENT STAND-

ARDS POP, NEW SOURCES

(1) General methodology. The effluentlimitations guidelines and standards ofperformance proposed herein were devel-oped in the following manner. The pointsource category was first studied for thepurpose of determining whether separatelimitations and standard are appropri-ate for different segments within thecategory. This analysis included a deter-mination of whether differences in rawmaterial used, product produced, manu-facturing process employed, age, size,waste water constituents and other fac-tors require development of separate lim-itations and standards for different seg-ments of the point source category. Theraw waste characteristics for each suchsegment were then identified. This in-cluded an analysis of (1) the source, flowand volume of water used in the processemployed and the sources of waste andwstste waters in the operation, and (2)the constituents of all waste water. Theconstituents of the waste waters whichshould be subject to effluent limitationsguidelines and standards of performancewere identified.

The control and treatment technolo-gies existing within each segment wereidentified. This included an identificationof each distinct control and treatmenttechnology, including both in-plant andend-of-process technologies, which areexistent or capable of being designed foreach segment. It also included an iden-tification of, in terms of the amount ofconstituents and the chemical, physical,and biological characteristics of pollu-tants, the effluent level resulting fromthe application of each of the fechnol-ogies. The problems, limitations and re-liability of each treatment and controltechndlogy were also identified. In addi-tion, the non-water-quality environ-mental impact, such as the effects of theapplication of such technologies uponother pollution problems, including air,solid waste, noise and radiation, wasidentified. The energy requirements of

,each control and treatment technologywere determined as well as the cost of theapplication of such technologies.

The information, as outlined above,was then evaluated in order to determinewhat levels of technology constitute the"best practicable control technology cur-rently available," the "best availabletechnology economically achievable" andthe "best available demonstrated controltechnology, processes, operating methods,or other alternatives." In identifying suchtechnologies, various factors were con-sidered. These included the total cost ofapplication of technology in relation tothe effluent reduction benefits to beachieved from such application, the ageof equipment and facilities involved, theprocess employed, the engineering as-pects of the application of various typesof control techniques, process changes,

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non-water-quality environmental impact(including energy requirements) andother factors.

The data upon which the above analy-sis was performed included EPA permitapplications, EPA sampling and inspec-tions, consultant reports, and industrysubmissions.

The pretreatment standards proposedherein are intended to be complementaryto the pretreatment standards proposedfor existing sources under 40 CFR Part128. The basis for such standards is setforth in the FEDERAL REGISTER of July 19,1973, 38 FR 19236. The provisions of Part128 are equally applicable to sourceswhich would constitute "new sources,"under section 306 if they were to dis-charge pollutants directly to navigablewaters, except for § 128.133. That sectionprovides a pretreatment standard for "in-compatible pollutants" which requiresapplication of the "best practicable con-trol technology currently available," sub-ject to an adjustment for amounts ofpollutants removed by the publicly ownedtreatment works. Since the pretreatmentstandards proposed herein apply to newsources, §§ 417.15, 417.25, 417.35, 417.45,417.55, 417.65, 417.75, 417.85, 417.95,417.105, 417.115, 417.125, 417.135, 417.145,417.155, 417.165, 417.175, 417.185 and47.195 below amend § 128.133 to requireapplication of the standard of perform-ance for new sources rather than the"best practicable" standard applicable toexisting sources under sections 301 and304(b) of the Act.

(2) Summary of conclusions with re-spect to the soap and detergent manu-facturing category of point sources.

(i) Categorization. For purposes ofstudying the industry and developing ef-fluent limitations guidelines for existingsources and standards of performance,the soap and detergent industry has beendivided into nineteen discrete subcate-gories based on raw materials input,process employed and finished productsmanufactured. The subcategories alsoreflect differences in waste waters pro-duced and appropriate control technol-ogies. The subcategories cover: (a)Two paths for production of the inter-mediate neat soap (60-70 percent soapin water), one entailing a single sub-category (soap manufacturing by batchkettle) and the other encompassing two(fatty acid manufacturing by fat split-ting and soap manufacturing by fattyacid neutralization); (b) recovery of by-product glycerine from kettle boiling andfat splitting, encompassing two subcate-gories (glycerine concentration and glyc-erine distillation); (c) three methodsproduction of sulfuric acid esters andsulfonic acids (surfactant intermedi-ates) ; (e) one subcategory for neutrali-zation of sulfuric acid esters and sulfonicacids to produce finished surfactants forinclusion in detergents; and (f) foursubcategories encompassing the methodsof producing finished and marketabledetergents.

(1) Subpart A-Soap Manufacturingby Batch Kettle Subcategory: The chem-istry of soap making is simple. However,

PROPOSED RULES

its physical chemistry is complex andwill be explored to some extent in thediscussion of bar soaps.

The fundamental reaction of soapchemistry can be stated as:Fat+Caustlc ---- Soap+Glycerine

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Making a batch of neat soap (65-70percent soap in water) can take as longas four to six days to complete. A seriesof large steel tanks are used in a coun-ter current manner to "boil" soap. Theircapacity can be as high as 54,480 kg(120.000 lb) of insredients. Ever weak-

Fats and oils used in soap making are ening caustic streams are met by en-of both animal and vegetable origin. riched fat so that the caustic is essen-Such animal-derived sources as tallow tially exhausted in the presence of freshare most common. Of the vegetable oils, fat. In actual practice the fat nevercoconut, palm, and tall are the most leaves the tank in which it starts untilpopular, it is converted into neat soap. Just the

Experience has shown that the opti- aqueous caustic stream flows from tankmum range of carbon chain length of to tank.fatty acids used in soap manufacture The waste water from kettle boiling isranges from 12 to 18. As a curiosity of essentially from the nigre stream. Thenature, the acids occur naturally only in nigre is the aqueous layer which con-even numbers of carbon atoms in the tains the color bodies generated in thefats used commercially, soap-making process, mostly dark soaps.

Most of the soap made by this process They are often marketed as industrialfinds its way into toilet bar form for lubricants or low grade special purposehousehold usage. This use demands free- soaps. Where such a market can be es-dom from offensive odors and displeasing tablished a kettle boil soap process is al-colors. In order to meet this requirement, ready at the zero discharge effluent levelthe starting fats and oils must be re- except for the oil refining step.fined. There is a direct relationship be- (c) Salt Usage: In order to maintaintween quality of the fats and the quality suitable solubility for proper processing,of the finished soap. salt is added to the soap making process

(a) Fat Refining and Bleaching. There to maintain the required electrolyticare several ways in which fats are re- balance. Most of the salt charged intofined. One" of the most frequently used the process is ultimately returned to itmethods employs activated clay as the from the glycerine concentration step,extraction agent. Activated clay, having which will be discussed later. Practicallya large ratio of surface area to weight, every kettle boiling soap manufactureris agitated with warm oil and filtered, concentrates his glycerine stream al-Color bodies, dirt, etc., are removed, Usu- though only a few go on to the distilla-ally through a plate and frame press. tion of glycerine.The clay is disposed of as solid waste. A (2) Subpart B-Fatty Acid Manu-small amount of clay remains in the re - facturing by Fat Splitting. By means offined fat' fat splitting very low grade fats and oils

The clay is often "activated" by being' are upgraded to high value products bygiven an acid treatment itself by the splitting the glycerides into their twoclay supplier and is a source of sulfate components, fatty acids and glycerine.ion built-up in some soap recycling Fat splitting is a hydrolytic reactionstreams, which proceeds as follows:

Other ways in which fats are refined Fat+Water ---- Fatty Acid+Glycerineinclude caustic extraction, steam strip-ping and proprietary aqueous chemicals. Using a Twitchell catalyst (an aroma-

When soap accounted for the major tic sulfonic acid) and a long residenceportion of the soap and detergent market time, fats can be split at nearly atmos-the Soloxol process of extraction found pheric pressures. Today, however, mostuse in refining of fats and oils. The de- fat splitting takes plate in a high pres-sign of this liquid propane extraction sure, high temperature tower operatedprocess is based on the diminishing solu- at around 34 atm (500 psig) and a tem-bility of fats in liquid propane with in- perature of 2600C (500°F).creasing temperature. The fats are - Heated fat, 254°C (490°F) and undercompletely miscible at 48.84°C (120°F) pressure, is fed into the bottom of thebut become almost insoluble at 820C tower and water, 2040C (400°F) and also(180°F) and most of the color bodies under pressure, is fed into the top.precipitate. The two streams mix counter-cur-

Color bodies fall to the bottom of the rently and hydrolysis takes place, -oftentreating tower while decolorized oils dis- in the presence of a zinc or tin catalyst.solved in liquid propane sit on the sol- At the high temperatures employed thevent (liquid propane) layer and are re- fat is soluble to the extent of 12-25 per-covered from the top. This process is notnow used in the United States, but cent of water, depending upon which fatshould be reexamined since it offers a is used.way to eliminate water use and thus In about 90 minutes the splitting cancould again become economical as dis- be as high as 99 percent complete. Thecharges must be reduced. glycerine by-product can be produced at

(b) Soap Boiling: Although a very old a variety of concentrations dependingprocess, kettle boiling still makes a verysatisfactory product and in several *ell upon how complete a fat hydrolysis isintegrated manufacturing plants this desired. More concentrated glycerineprocess has a very low discharge of waste can be provided at some expense of fattywater effluents, acid yields.

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PROPOSED RULES

The crude acids are flashed in a pres-sure reducer and then distilled at 0.025-035 atm pressure. The resulting productoften is subjected to a flash hydrogena-tion to reduce the amount of linoleicand linolenic acids.

(3) Subpart C-Soap Manufacturingby Fatty Acid Neutralization Subcate-gory: Soap making by fatty acid neu-tralization exceeds the kettle boil processin speed and minimization of waste watereffluent. It is widely used by the largesoap producers and also very popularwith the smaller manufacturers.

This route from the acids is faster,simpler (no by-product dilute glycerinestream to handle) and "cleaner" thanthe kettle boil process. Distilled, par-tially hydrogenated acids are usuallyused.

The fatty acid neutralization processhas several additional advantages overthe kettle boiling process. It does nothave a large salt load to recycle, and hasa free alkali concentration in the orderof 0.1-0.2 percent, contrasted witharound 1 percent measured as Na20 inthe kettle boiling process.

The reaction that takes place issubstantially:Caustic-i-Fatty Acid .... Soap

Often, sodium carbonate is used inplace of caustic with the attendant evo-lution of carbon dioxide. When liquidsoaps (at room temperature) are de-sired, the more soluble potassium soapsare made by starting with potassium hy-droxide. The potassium soaps are usedin the familiar liquid hand soap dis-pensers, in many industrial applicationsand often as lubricants.

As in kettle boiling soap manufacture,the most popular mix of acids for barsoap is 20 percent coconut oil and 80percent tallow oil derived acids. A num-ber of distilled tall oil soaps (tall oil isderived from the waste streams of papermanufacture) are also made for indus-trial purposes.

In some cases, the soap making processis operated continuously in tandem witha fat splitting process. The fatty acidsand caustic solution are proportionedinto a reactor continuously by pumpshaving a common variable speed drive.The appropriate amount of salt is alsoprogrammed in to maintain the correctelectrolyte content.

The resulting neat soap will haveabout 30 percent moisture and around0.5 percent salt.

To clarify the soap solution, the soapstream coming out of the reactor issometimes filtered with clay. The spentclay creates a certain amount of solidwaste and the filter press is washed outoccasionally. Otherwise this is a "clean"process.

The neat soap is further processed intobars or liquid formulations in the samemanner as the product from kettleboiling.

(4) Subpart D-Glycerine Concentra-tion Subcategory: The kettle boilingsoap process generates an aqueousstream referred to as sweet water lye.

This stream will contain 8-10 percentglycerine, a heavy salt concentration andsome fatty materials. It is processed byfirst adding a mineral acid (HCl) to re-duce the alkalinity. This is followed bythe addition of alum which precipitatesinsoluble aluminum soaps. The precipi-tate caries other impurities down with it.If the stream were not treated withalum, there would be severe foaming inthe evaporators, and the contaminantwould be caried forward into the glycer-ine. The cleaned glycerine solution issent to the evaporators.

The evaporators (in some smallerplants there will be only one) are heatedunder reduced pressure. The partialvacuum is generated by a barometriccondenser. They frequently operate at0.15-0.07 atm (26-28 in Hg vacuum).

As the glycerine is concentrated thesalt comes out of solution and is re-moved from the evaporation kettle,filtered and returned to the soap makingprocess. In many plants this separatingfunction is performed continuously witha centrifuge with the filtrate being re-turned to the evaporator.

The glycerine is usually concentratedto 80 percent by weight and then eitherrun to a still to be mad& into finishedglycerine, ot stored and sold to glycerinerefiners.

The barometric condenser used inconcentrating will be slightly rich inBOD5 due to the carryover of glycerine.

(5) Subpart E-Glycerine DistillationSubcategory. The concentrated glycerine(80 percent) is run into a still which,under reduced pressure, yields a finishedproduct of 98± percent purity. Hereagain a barometric condenser is usedto create the partial vacuum.

At room temperature, the still bottoms(also called glycerine foots) are aglassy dark brown amorphous solidrather rich in salt. Water is mixed withthe still bottoms and run into the wastewater stream. This particular stream isvery rich in BOD5, and rea4ily biode-gradable. Many alternative methods ofdisposal, including incineration, havebeen evaluated, but the general practiceof the industry is disposal in a wastewater stream.

The other waste water stream, thebarometric condenser water, will alsocontribute to the total BOD5 and CODloads caused by the glycerine foots.

The sweet water glycerine from fatsplitting is flashed to atmospheric pres-sure thereby releasing a considerableamount of water very quickly. This canprovide a glycerine stream going to theevaporators of 20 percent glycerine ormore. Since there is no salt used in fatsplitting there will be none in the sweetwater.

Some glycerine refining is done bypassing the dilute stream over ion ex-change resin beds, both cationic andanionic, and then evaporating it to 98+percent glycerine content as a bottomsproduct. This method is suitable wherethere are copious quantities of wateravailable and energy costs are very high.

In the backwash of the ion exchangeprocess the organic suspended solids arestripped from the system. The regenera-tion cycle of both types of beds will adda significant dissolved solids load tothe waste water system.

There are frequently three sets, inseries, of both cation and anion exchangeresins used in this process. Each step isdesigned to reduce the input load by 90percent. Some of the fat splitting plantsare equipped with this type of unit.

(6) Subpart F-Manufacture of SoapFlakes and Powders Subcategory. Neatsoap, previously defined, may or may notbe blended with other products beforeflaking or powdering. Neat soap is some-times filtered to remove gel particles andrun into a crutcher for mixing withbuilders.

After thorough mixing, the finishedforniulation is run into a flaker. Thisunit normally consists of a two roll"mill" having two steel rolls. The smallupper one is steam heated while thelarger lower one is chilled. The soapsolidifies on the lower one and is slitinto ribbons at it sheets off the roller.

The ribbons are fed into a continuousoven heated by hot air. The emergingflakes contain I percent moisture. Asall of the evaporated moisture goes tothe atmosphere, there is no waste watereffluent.

In spray drying, crutched, heated soapsolution is sprayed into a spray tower,or flash dried by heating the soap solu-tion under pressure and releasing thesteam in the spray drier under reducedpressure. In either case the final soapparticle has a high ratio of surface areato unit of weight, which makes it readilydissolvable in water.

Some operations will include a scrapsoap reboil to reclaim soap. The soap re-boil is salted out for soap recovery andthe salt water is recycled. After frequentrecycling the salt water becomes so con-taminated that it must be discharged tothe sewer.

Occasional washdown of the crutehermay be needed. The tower is usuallycleaned down dry. There is also somegland water which flows over the pumpshaft picking up any minor leaks. Thiswill contribute a very small, but finite,effluent loading.

(7) Subpart G-Manufacture of BarSoaps -Subcategory. The procedure forbar soap manufacture will vary signifi-cantly from plant to plant, dependingupon the particular clientele served. Thefollowing description typifies bar soapmanufacture.

In some processes additives are mixedwith the neat soap in a crutcher beforeany drying takes place. Another ap-proach is to begin the drying processwith the hot neat soap going to an "at-mospheric" flash dryer followed by avacuum drying operation in which thevacuum is drawn by a barometric con-denser. Soap is then double extrudedinto short ribbons or curls and sent toplodders for further blending or physi-cal processing. At this point the soapwll normally have 8-14 percent moisture

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PROPOSED RULES

depending upon the previous course ofprocessing.

Next, a milling operation affords theopportunity to blend in additives as wellas modify the physical properties of thesoap. This operation has much more sig-nificance than just achieving uniformityin the mixing of further added ingredi-ents. The physical chemistry of soap isfairly complex. Unless a bar of soap isalmost predominately left in the Betaphase, as distinct from the Omega phase,long range solubility, warping resistance,and lathering properties are poor. Rapidchilling of the soap puts it predominatelyinto the Omega phase but successive mill-ing steps bring it back into Beta phase;hence the importance of milling.

The mill consists of two polished rollsrotating at different speeds to maximizethe shearing forces. After milling, thesoap is cut into ribbons and sent to theplodder.

The plodder operates much -like asausage grinder. It thus extrudes andcuts the soap into small chips, followedby further mixing in which all of theindividual pieces are melted togetherinto a homogenous mass. The plodder isoften operated under reduced air pres-sure so that any occluded air is removedin the blending process. It has a power-ful screw that forces the soap throughminute holes in a perforated plate.

Plodding completed, the soap is ex-truded continuously in a cylindricalform, cut to size, molded into the desiredform, and wrapped for shipment. Mostof the scrap in this operation is returnedto the plodder.

At times there will be soap scrapwhich has become too dry to processproperly in the plodder and it must bereturned to earlier steps in the soap mak-ing process.

The amount of water used in bar soapmanufacture varies greatly. In manycases the entire bar soap processing op-eration is done without generating awaste water stream. The equipment is,all cleaned dry without any washups. Inother cases, due to housekeeping re-quirements associated with the particu-lar bar soap process, there are one ormore waste water streams from airscrubbers.

Since we are dealing with a consumerproduct with very distinct (and impor-tant to the consumer) esthetic proper-ties, all of these processes can claim sig-nificance and essential character in themaking of a particular bar.

Occupying a very minor position inthe soap market, a bar made from coldframe soap may be found. After the sa-ponification reaction, this soap is poureddirectly from the reactor into molds.Upon cooling and the completion of sa-ponification, the molded soap is cut intobars. The entire operation is carried outwithout the generation of any wastewater.

(8) Subpart H-Manufacture of LiquidSoaps Subcategory. Neat soap (often thepotassium soap of fatty acids) is blendedin a mixing tank with other ingredientssuch as alcohols or glycols to produce a

product, or with pine oil and kerosenefor a product with greater solvency andversatility. Tim final blended productmay be, and often is, filtered to achievea sparkling clarity before beingdrummed.

In making liquid soap, water is usedto wash out the filter press and otherequipment. Waste water effluent isminimal.

(9) Subpart I-Oleum Sulfonation andSulfation Subcategory. One of the mostimportant active ingredients of deter-gents is the alcohol sulfate or alkyl ben-zene sulfonate-and particularly thoseproducts made via the oleum route.

In most cases the sulfonation/sulfa-tion is carried out continuously in a re-actor where the oleum (a solution ofsulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid) is broughtinto intimate contact with the hydro-carbon or alcohol. Reaction is rapid..Thestream is then mixed with water andsent to a settler.

Prior to the addition of water thestream is a homogeneous liquid. Withthe addition of water, two phases developand separate. The dilute sulfuric acid isdrawn off and usually returned to anoleum manufacturer for reprocessing upto the original strength. The gulfonated/sulfated material is sent on to be neu-tralized with caustic.

This process is normally operated con-tinuously and performs indefinitely with-out need for periodic clean out. Pumpglands occasionally leak. Anticipatingthis problem, a stream of water is nor-mally played over pump shafts to pickup such a leak if it occurs, as well as tocool the pump. The flow of waste waterfrom this source is quite modest butcontinual.

(10) Subpart J-Air-So3 Sulfationand Sulfonation Subcategory. This proc-ess for surfactant manufacture has nu-merous unique advantages and is usedextensively. In the oleum sulfation ofalcohols, formation of water stops thereaction short of completion because itreaches a state of equilibrium, resultingin low yields.

With S03 sulfation, no water is gen-erated, hydrolysis cannot occur and timreaction proceeds in one direction only.

The absence of water in the S03 re-action is of a lesser importance in sulfo-nation. What is particularly troublesomein the use of oleum for alcohol sulfationis that water cannot be used for oleumseparatiofi due to the potential hydrol-ysis that would take place. Even if thiswere not a problem, no phase separationof the components takes place with theaddition of water to sulfated alcohols inoleum.

S03 sulfonation and sulfation is alsoquite amenable to batch processing andin this manner can produce productshaving a minimum of sodium sulfate(all of the excess of S03, or sulfuric acidin the case of oleum sulfonation, will beconverted into sodium sulfate in the neu-tralization step with caustic).

Care must be exercised in the S03process to control readtion conditions-particularly temperature-to minimize

char formation and possible sulfonationof the hydrocarbon chain of the alcohol.

Another advantage of the S03 processis its ability to successively sulfate andsulfonate an alcohol and a hydrocarbonrespectively.

Because of this reaction's particulartendency to char the product, the re-actor system must be cleaned thoroughlyon a regular basis. In addition there areusually several airborne sulfonic acidstreams which must be scrubbed, withthe waste water going to the sewer dur-ing sulfation.

S03 can be generated-at the plant byburning sulfur or sulfur dioxide with airinstead of obtaining it as a liquid.

(11) Subpart K--S03 Solvent andVacuum Sulfonation Subcategory. Undi-luted S03 and organic reactant are fedinto the vacuum reactor through a mix-ing nozzle (vacuum maintained at 0.06atm (5" Hg). Recycle is accomplishedby running the flashed product througha heat exchanger back into the reactor.The main advantage of the system is thatunder vacuum the S03 concentrationand operating temperature is kept low,thereby assuring high product quality.Offsetting this is the high operating costof maintaining the vacuum.

(12) Subpart L-SUlfamic Acid Sulfa-tion Subcategory. Sulfamic acid is a mildsulfating agent and is used only in veryspecialized quality areas because of thehigh reagent price. The system is of par-ticular value in the sulfonation of eth-oxylates.

The small specialty manufacturer mayuse this route to making high qualityalcohol sulfates, equivalent in quality tothose from the chlorosulfonic acid route,substituting high reagent cost for highcapital costs of the chlorosulfonic route.

(13) Subpart M-Chlorosulfonic AcidSulfation Subcategory. For productsrequiring high quality sulfates, chloro-sulfonic acid is an excellent agent. Itis a mild sulfating agent, yields no waterof sulfation and generates practicallyno side' reactions. It is a corrosive agentand generates HC1 as a byproduct.

An excess of -about 5 percent chloro-sulfonic acid is often used. It will yieldan inorganic salt upon neutralizationwhich is undesirable in some applicationsas it can result in salt precipitation inliquid formulations, etc.

(14) Subpart N-Neutralization ofSulfuric Acid Esters and Sulfonic AcidsSubcategory. This step is essential in themanufacture of detergent active ingredi-ents; it converts the acidic hydrophylicportion of the molecule to a neutral salt.

Alcohol sulfates are somewhat moredifficult to neutralize than the alkylben-zene sulfonic acids due to the sensitivityof hydrolysis of the alcohol derivative.For this reason, neutralization is usuallycarried out at a pH above 7 and asrapidly as possible.

This is not difficult using continuousneutralization but it is more of a problemin the batch process unless excellentstirring is available.

As a result of hydrolysis occurring inthe neutralization step, there will be

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PROPOSED RULES

some free alcohol generated which wouldbe picked up in the oil and greaseanalysis. As a product this is not allbad since the free alcohol can actually beconsidered a foam stabilizer in somesituations. If used in heavy dutyproducts, the alcohol tends to be lost inthe spray tower.

(15) Subpart O-Mnufacture ofSpray Dried Detergents Subcategory.Here is an other critical area of deter-gent manufacture. In this segmentof processing, the neutralized sulfonatesand sulfates are brought to thecrutcher where they are blended withrequisite builders and additives. Fromhere the slurry is pumped to the topof a spray tower of about 4.5-6.1m (15-20 ft) in diameter by 45-61m (150-200ft) high where nozzles around thetop spray out detergent slurry of ap-proximately 70 percent concentrations.

A large volume of hot air enters thebottom of the tower rising to meet thefalling detergent. For low density prod-ucts, hot gas and powder flow concur-rently downward.

This step is critical in that the de-tergent particles' shape, size and densityare determined by all of the designpreparation made previously, and theshape and size in turn will largelydetermine dusting and the solubility rateof the detergent itself in the washingprocess.

The air coming from the tower will becarrying dust particles which must beessentially eliminated to meet airquality standards.

Due to product change and buildup ofcombustible deposits, the spray towersare periodically shut down and cleaned.This practice varies from two orthree times a week to once in two weeksor longer. One thing that all toweroperations share is the cleaning process.First, the easily available materialsticking on the tower walls is scrapedto be recycled if at all possible, or senton to solid waste.

Men are sent into the towerwith abrading equipment to continue thedry cleaning process. Here again,the product is usually preserved for re-use or disposed of as solid waste.

Finally, the tower is thoroughly washeddown by spraying streams all over theinside surface. The final step is man-datory since the detergent manufac-turers must be very careful to avoid anymixing of any phosphate-nonphosphateformulations, white with colored systemsor anionic with nonionic formulations.

The mixing problem is compoundedsomewhat by the fact that somedetergent manufacturers custom processfor a variety of marketers which re-quires more frequent spray tower"turnaround."

Waste water streams are rathernumerous. They include many washoutsof equipment from the crutchers tothe spray tower itself. One waste waterflow which has one of the highest load-ings is that of the air scrubber whichcleans and cools the hot gases existingfrom this tower. This is only one of

several units in series utized to mir4-mize the particulate matter being sentinto the atmosphere.

All of the plants recycle some of thewaste water generated. Some of theplants recycle all of the flows generated.

Due to increasingly stringent air qual-ity requirements, we can expect thatfewer plants will be able to maintain acomplete recycle system for all waterflows in the spray tower area, In thecase of the fast "turnaround" tower, theytoo are unable to utilize all of theirscrubber and other washwaters.

After the powder comes from the spraytower it is further blended and thenpackaged. Solid wastes from this area areusually recycled.

(16) Subpart P-Manufacture of Liq-uid Detergents Subcategory. Sulfonatedand sulfated products produced in proc-esses described in subcategories Ithrough N are pumped Into mixing tankswhere they are blended with numerousadditional ingredients, ranging from per-fumes to dyes. From here, the fully for-mulated liquid detergent is run down tothe filling line.

The filling line usually consists of along conveyor which passes many sta-tions. Each station performs a given tasksuch as filling, capping, checking weight,labeling, etc. Often, soap solutions areused to lubricate the conveyor so thatthe bottles flow smoothly past the vari-ous stations.

Whenever the filling line is to changeto a different product, the filling systemmust be thoroughly cleaned out. This isequally true of the mixing equipment.Properties of differing products are oftenso contrasting that there must be nocross contamination; otherwise the per-formance and other specifications can-not be met.

To avoid this problem the mixingequipment and all filling plumbing isthoroughly flushed with water until itruns clear.

(17) Subpart Q-Detergent Manufac-turing by Dry Blending Subcategory.Fully dried "active" (surfactant) mate-rails are blended with additives, includ-ing builders, in dry mixers. In the moresophisticated plants mixing time is uti-lized to the maximum by metering com-ponents into weighing bins prior toloading into mixers. When properlymixed, the homogeneous dry product ispacked for shipment.

Normal operation will see many suc-ceeding batches of detergent mixed inthe same equipment without anythingbut dry cleaning. This procedure is fol-lowed until the next formulation to beblended is one which must not be con-taminated with even a negligible amountof the previously prepared product. Atthis time the equipment must be com-pletely washed down.

For this reason, a modest amount ofwaste water is required for the blenderto maintain specification requirements.

The products fulfill a wide variety ofindustrial cleaning uses from dairycleaning to box car washing. They arealso used to some extent in householdproducts.

(18) Subpart R-Manufacture ofDrum Dried Detergents Subcategory.Drum drying of detergents is an oldprocess. Much of the equipment still inuse is well over thirty years old. Theprocess yields a fairly friable productwhich can become quite dusty with anyextensive handling.

There are several types of drum driers;one type has double rotating heateddrums with liquid feed coming onto thespace above and between the rolls. An.-other type is the twin-drum dryer withdip or flash feed. (The dip feed is a pancontaining liquid feed into which thebottom of the roll or drum is dipped topick up material to be dried).

The thin layer is removed continuouslyby a knife blade onto conveyors. Thepowder is substantially anhydrous. Va-pors coming off are often collected andremoved through a vapor head betweenthe drums.

Thd rolls of a drum dryer are often0.6-1.8 m (2-6 ft) in diameter and 0.9-4.5 m (3-11 ft) long with revolutionspeeds of 5-10 rpm. About 6-15 secondsresidence time is provided the slurry onhot metal surface, which is short enoughto avoid degradation of heat sensitiveproducts.

As an example of the limitations ofdrying capacity, the capacity of thedrum varies between 4.5-48.8 kg of fin-ished product per sq m of drying surfaceper hour (1-10 lb per sq ft per hour).

This operation would be essentiallyfree of generation of waste water dis-charge other than an occasional wash-down.

(19) Subpart S-Manufacture of De-tergent Bars" and Cakes Subcategory. Inanswer to the need for a bar soap whichperforms satisfactorily in hard water,the detergent industry manufacturesand markets detergent bars. They consti-tute about 20 percent of the toilet barmarket.

There are two types of "detergent"bars, those made of 100 percent syntheticsurfactant and those blending syntheticsurfactant with soap.

Once the active ingredients have beenmanufactured they are blended in essen-tiany the same manner and in similartype of equipment uied for conventionalsoap.

Due to the sensitive nature of the sur-factant portion of the detergent bar,fairly frequent cleanups, including equip-ment washdowns, are required. Other-wise thermally degraded surfactant willcontaminate the bar, leading to such un-desirable properties as stickiness and off-color.

(ii) Waste characteristics. The pollut-ants contained in the raw waste watersof the soap and detergent manufacturing*category arise from leaks, spills, clean-ing of process equipment, scrubbing ofstack or vent emissions, and entrainmentin barometric condensers. Potentially,any raw material, by-product, catalyst,intermediate material, or finished prod-uct associated with the industry may befound in the raw waste water. Thesewould include both organic (e.g, fats,oils, soaps, glycerine, alkyls, alcohols,

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ethoxylates and surfactants) and inor-ganic materials (e.g., chlorides, phos-phates, silicates, sulfates, carbonates,zinc, borates, and hydrochloric and sul-furic acids), with the former being themore important group.

Pollutants or pollution characteristicswhich have been selected as significantand subject to limitations are BOD5,COD, total suspended non-filterablesolids, oil and grease, surfactants andpH. Other pollutants and pollutant char-acteristics are either effectively con-trolled by the treatment and controlthat is necessary to meet the proposedlimitations or present at such low levelsas not to be significant.

Waste characteristics associated withraw discharges of the subcategories areas follows:

(1) Subpart A--Soap Manufacturingby Batch Kettle Subcategory. Kettle boil-ing soap, including pretreatment of thefats and oils, is a batch process and wateruse is intermittent. Instantaneous flowsof 0.12-18.9 I/sec (2-300 gpm ) are ex-perienced. Over-all water use can belimited to 623 1/kkg (75 gal/10000 lb)-ofsoap, but as much as 2080 1/kkg (250 gal/1000 lb) is used.

Waste waters from fat and oil pre-treatment and kettle boiling will containsome fats, oils and other organics, inor-ganic salts, and inert materials such asclay. Thirty-day averages for the bestoperations are on the drder of 6 kg ofBOD5, 10 kg of COD, 4 kg of total sus-pended non-filterable solids, and 0.9 kgof oil and grease per kkg (respectively 6lb, 10 lb, 4 lb and 0.9 lb/1000 lb) of anhy-drous soap. The pH is generally about 5.0,but a range of 5.0 to greater than 13.0 hasbeen noted. Loads several times as greatas the aforegoing have been recordedfor some operations, resulting primarilyfrom variances in handling the nigre.

(2) Subpart B-Fatty Acid Manufac-turing -by Fat Splitting Subcategory.Water use in fat splitting is quite vari-able, ranging from 1750 to 240,000 1/kkg(200 to 27,000 gal/1000 lb) of fatty acidsproduced. This variation is primarily theresult of the degree of water recycle, thelower figure representing blowdown froma recycle system for process c9ndensateand barometric condenser water employ-ing a cooling tower and the upper figurerepresenting once through water use.

The waste waters will contain saltsfrom neutralization (waste watersusually are acidulated to break emulsionsfor improved skimming and then neu-tralized), zinc and alkaline earth metal-salts from the fat splitting catalyst, andemulsified fats, fatty acids and fatty acidpolymers. Typical raw waste loads for thebest operations are 12 kg of BOD5, 22 kgof COD, 11 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, and 2.50 kg of oil andgrease per kkg (respectively 12 lb, 22 lb,11 lb and 2.5 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrousfatty acid produced. Loads of 4-5 timesthese amounts have been encountered insome fat splitting operations, with theload level bearing a general correlationto the volume of water used. When flashhydrogenation of the fatty acids is em-

ployed (a common practice in many fattyacid operations) an additional raw wasteload of 1.5 kg of BOD5, 2.5 of COD, 1.0 kgof total suspended non-filterable solids,and 1.0 of oil and grease (respectively 1.5lb, 2.5 lb, 1.0 lb and 1.0 lb/1000 lb) isgenerated per kkg of anhydrous fattyacid.

(3) Subpart C-Soap Manufacturing byFatty Acid Neutralization Subcategory.Exceptfor a smal lamount of water (2501/kkg; 31 gal/1000 lb of soap) used forreclaiming scrap and resulting in sewerlyes, the subcategory has no aqueouseffluent. Moreover, recovery is morenearly a by-product operation than a lineoperation. Potable water used in thebrine (for proper electrolyte balance) isincluded in the neat soap that is theproduct.

In the best operations the recovery ofscrap soap produces raw waste loads of3 kg of BOD5 and 5.5 kg of COD per kkg(respectively 3 lb and 5.5 lb/1000 lb) ofanhydrous soap. Translated into termsrelated to total production for an opera-tion in this subcategory, and based onthe excepted portion of production rep-resented by scrap soap recovery, the loadsbecome 0.10 kg of BOD5, 0.25 kg of COD,0.20 kg of total suspended nonfilterablesolids, and 0.05 kg of oil and grease perkkg (respectively 0.1 lb, 0.25 lb, 0.2 lb and0.05 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrous soap.

(4) Subpart D--Glycerine Concentra-tion Subcategory. When compared to thedischarge resulting from use of baro-metric condensers, the other waste wa-ters (stream condensate, washout, etc.)are negligible volumes. Installations notrecirculating barometric condenser wa-ters discharge 465,000-1,027,000 l/kkg(56,000-124,000 gal/1000 lb) of glycerine.When ion exchange (for salt removal)precedes concentration, and additionaldischarge of about 450 1/kkg (55 gal/1000 lb) of glycerine will result frombackwashing and regeneration.

Contaminants in the discharge, con-sisting primarily of entrained glycerine,fats, fatty acids and salt, constitute oneof the heavier loads encountered in thesoap and detergent manufacturing cate-gory. For the best operations the rawwaste load will approximate 15 kg ofBOD5, 30 kg of COD, 2 kg of total sus-pended nonfilterable solids, and 1 kg ofoil and grease per kkg (respectively 15lb, 30 lb, and 1 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrousglycerine.

(5) Subpart E-Glycerine DistillationSubcategory. As is the case in glycerineconcentration, the major volume of wastedischarge results from use of barometriccondensers. A small volume of wastewater, but one' with extremely high con-centrations of pollutants, results fromwashout of the glycerine foots (still bot-toms). For installations not recirculatingcondenser waters through cooling towersthe volume of discharge is 233,000-513,-000 1/kkg (28,000-62,000 gal/1000 lb)of anhydrous glycerine. With recircula-tion through a cooling tower the blow-down approximates 3325 1/kkg (400 gal/1000 lb) of anhydrous glycerine.

The waste discharge will contain con-taminants in the form of organics (pri-

marily glycerine and glycerine polymers)and salts. For the best operations in thissubcategory the raw waste load averages5 kg of BOD5, 10 kg of COD, 2 kg of totalsuspended non-filterable solids, and I kgof oil and grease per kkg (respectively 5lb, 10 lb, 2 lb and 1 lb/1000 lb) of anhy-drous glycerine. Condenser entrainmentand glycerine foots contribute approxi-mately equal amounts to the BOD5 andCOD, but other pollutants are primarilyattributable to the glycerine foots.

(6) Subpart F-Manufacture of SoapFlakes and Powders Subcategory. Theamounts of waste water discharged arequite small, being limited to those associ-ated with a very occasional wet cleanupof equipment. There are additional aque-ous wastes associated with recovery ofscrap soap, but since all -plants producingsoap flakes and powders also produceneat soaps (utilizing either kettle boil orfatty acid neutralization) and the re-covered soaps are incorporated into thisintermediate product, these wastes havenot been assigned to the soap flake andpowders manufacture subcategory.

For the best operations the typical rawwaste loads are 0.10 kg of BOD5, 0.30kg of COD, 0.10 kg of total suspendednon-filterable solids, and 0.10 kg of oiland grease per kkg (respectively 0.1 lb,0.3 lb, 0.1 lb and 0.1 lb/1000 lb) of anhy-drous product.

(7) Subpart G-Manufacture of BarSoaps Subcategory: The volume of wastewater discharged in the manufacture ofbar soap is quite variable, ranging fromnear zero to about 6700 1/kkg (800 gal/1000 lb) of anhydrous soap. Water fromdrying neat soap may be vented to the at-mosphere or a barometric condensermay be employed, serving both as asource of pressure reduction to attainfaster drying at lower temperatures andas a final scrubber for atmospheric emis-sions. In the former case there is noaqueous waste, while in the latter thbdischarge ranges up to 6230 1/kkg (750gal/1000 lb) of anhydrous soap. Simi-larly, cleaning of equipment may be ac-complished, dry or small amounts ofwater may be used.

Contaminants found in the wastewaters are soap and various additives(pigments, emollients, perfumes, etc.)incorporated into finished bar soaps. Av-erage raw waste loads for the best opera-tions in this subcategory are 3.4 kg ofBOD5, 5.7 kg of COD, 5.8 kg of total sus-pended non-filterable solids, and 0.4 kgof oil and grease per kkg (respectively3.4 lb, 5.7 lb, 5.8 lb and 0.4 lb/1000 lb)of anhydrous product.

(8) Subpart H-Manufacture of Liq-uid Soaps Subcategory. Production ofliquid soap, consisting of a simple blend-ing operation followed by filling of ratherlarge containers such as drums, has verylittle associated aqueous effluent. Thewater use of 16.6 1/kkg (2 gal/1000 lb)of anhydrous soap for equipment wash-out and the slightly larger amount usedfor cleaning filters will'contribute a rawwaste load of about 0.1 kg of BOD5, 0.3kg of COD, 0.1 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, and 0.1 kg of oil andgrease per kkg (respectively 0.1 lb, 0.3

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ib, 0.1 lb and 0.1 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrousproduct.

(9) Subpart I-OleumnSulfonation andSulfation Subcategory. Waste water dis-charges associated with oleum sulfona-tion and sulfation are very limited involume, the 100-2700 1/kkg (12-300 gal/1000 Ib) of anhydrous products that re-sults from playing water over pumppacking glands for removal of smallleaks and cooling being the only regulardischarge. Scrubbing of emissions fromthe S03 vent during filling of the oleumstorage tank, cleanup of spills and leaks,and washout of equipment prior to per-formance of maintenance will result inshort periods of a much higher dischargerate. Further reduction of water use isnot feasible because of the highly acidicnature of the oleum raw material andthe sulfuric acid esters and sulfonic acidsproducts.

Contaminants found in the raw wastedischarge may represent the full rangeof feed materials and products. Typicalraw waste loads for a well managed op-eration are 0.2 kg of BOD5, 0.6 kg ofCOD, 0.3 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, 0.07 kg of surfactants,and 9.3 kg of oil and grease per kkg (re-spectively 0.2 lb, 0.6 lb, 0.3 lb, 0.7 lb and0.3 lb/1000 1b) of anhydrous product.

(10) Subpart J-Air-S03 Sulfationand Sulfonation Subcategory. Thoughthere are no continuous discharges asso-ciated with this operation, the volume ofdischarge is several times that associatedwith oleum sulfonation and sulfation. Inaddition, water use with batch opera-tions is considerably greater than forcontinuous operations.

Contaminants found in the raw wastedischarges may represent the full rangeof raw materials and products associatedwith the process, but the principal oneswill be under sulfated materials producedat startup and charred materials thatare the result of the extremely vigorousnature of the reaction. Raw waste loadsassociated with the best operations inthis subcategory are 3 kg of BOD5, 9 kgof COD, 0.3 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, 3 kg of surfactant, and0.5 kg of oil and grease per kkg (respec-tively 3 lb, 9 lb, 0.3 1b, 3 lb and 0.5 lb/100/b) of anhydrous product. Smallbatch operations may experience some-what higher waste loads.

(11) Subpart K-S03 Solvent andVacuum Sulfonation Subcategory. Thevolume of discharge generally closelyapproximates that for air-S03 sulfation,as do the contaminants. If barometriccondensers are employed for pressurereduction, the volume of discharge willbe greatly increased. Typical raw wasteloads are 3 kg of BOD5, 9 kg of COD, 0.3kg of total suspended nonfilterable solids,3 kg of surfactants, and 0.5.kg of oil'andgrease per kkg (respectively 3 lb, 9 1b,0.3, 3 and 0.5 lb/100 1b) of anhydrousproduct.

(12) Subpart L-Sulfamic Acid Sul-fation Subcategory. The volume, con-taminants and loads of the raw wasteparallel those of S03 solvent and vacuumsulfonation above.

(13) Subpart M-Chlorosulfonic AcidSulfation Subcategory. Discharges are ofmodest volumes and intermittent. Thecontaminants expected in waste watersare the feedstocks (alcohols, alkyl-phenols and alcohol ethoxylates), chloro-sulfonic acid hydrolysis products (HCIand H2S04) and the sulfated surfac-tants. Typical raw waste loads are 3 kgof BOD5, 9 kg of COD, 0.3 kg of totalsuspended nonfilterable solids, 3 kg ofsurfactants, and 0.5 kg of oil and greaseper kkg (respectively 3 lb, 9 lb, 0.3 lb, 3lb and 0.5 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrousproduct.

(14) Subpart N-Neutralization ofSulfuric Acid Esters and Sulfonic AcidsSubcategory. The volume of dischargesis quite variable and largely dependenton the degree to which recycle of coolingwaters is practiced. A range of 10.4-4170l/kkg of anhydrous product (1.25-500gal/1000 1b) has been noted. Similarly,a wide range of contaminants concen-tration and load has been recorded, theratio of highs to lows approximating 10to 1. In general, low loads are associatedwith small volumes and high concentra-tions and high loads associated withlarge volumes and low concentrations.Raw waste loads for the best operationsare 0.1 kg of BOD5, 0.3 kg of COD, 0.3 kgof total suspended nonfilterable solids,0.2 kg of surfactants, and 0.1 kg of oiland grease per kkg (respectively 0.1 lb,0.3 lb, 0.3 lb, 0.2 lb and 0.1 lb/1000 lb) -ofanhydrous product.

(15) Subpart O-Manufacturing ofSpray Dried Detergents Subcategory.Three sets of operating conditions mustbe considered in discussion of wastecharacteristics and other factors asso-ciated with manufacture of spray drieddetergents: (1) Processing of low ornonionic surfactant content formulations(hence few atmospheric emission controlproblems and with little or no require-ment for wet scrubbing) with relativelylonk runs and few turnarounds; desig-nated as normal operation. (2) Process-ing of high nonionic surfactant contentformulations with the consequent severeatmospheric emission control problemsthat require extensive ,wet scrubbing;designated as air quality- restrictedoperations. (3) Processing of numerouswidely varying formulations (high-phos-phate, nonphosphate, etc.) in short runswith associated need for frequent wash-outs to avoid cross-contamination ofproducts; designated as fast turnaround-operation.

There is such a wide range of variationin the volumes of discharge within asingle type of operation and between thetypes of operations that it is not possibleto relate volumes of discharge to units ofproduction. Normal operations may ap-proach zero discharge. Volumes of dis-charge for air restricted operations willbe determined by the amount of scrub-bing required, a factor controlled by thespecific formulation. For fast turnaroundoperations the volume of discharge willbe determined by the length of runs andcharacteristics of the formulation (e.g.tackiness and tendency to char).

Constituents that may be found in thewaste discharges are any of the surfac-tants and builders employed in the for-mulations. Typical raw waste loads forthe best normal operations are 0.1 kg ofBOD5 0.3 kg of COD, 0.1 kg of total sus-pended non-filterable solids, 0.2 kg ofsurfacbants, and 0.0 kg of oil and greaseper kkg (respectively 0.1 lb, 0.3 lb, 0.1 lb,0.2 lb, and 0.0 lb/1000 1b) of anhydrousproduct. For air quality restricted opera-tions the comparable values are 0.8 kg ofBOD5, 0.3 kg of COD, 0.1 kg of total sus-pended non-filterable solids, 1.5 kg ofsurfactants, and 0.3 kg of oil and greaseper kkg (respectively 0.8 112, 2.5 lb. 1/0 lb,1.5 lb, and 0.3 1b/1000 1b) of anhydrousproduct. For each turnaround in excess ofsix in a thirty-day period an added rawwaste load of 0.2 kg of BOD5, 0.6 kg ofCOD, 0.2 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, 0.4 kg of surfactants,and 0.03 kg of oil and grease, per kkg(respectively 0.2 lb, 0.6 lb, 0.2 lb, 0.4 lb,and 0.03 lb/1000 1b) of anhydrous prod-uot is expected in well managed fastturnaround operations.

(16) Subpart P-Mianufacture ofLiquid Detergents Subcategory. Wastedischarge volumes range from 625-6250l/kkg (75-750 gal/1000 lb) of anhydrousdetergent. Any of the starting ingredientsof the specific detergents being processedmay be found in the raw discharge. Rawwaste loads for the best operations are2 kg of BOD5, 4!kg of CQD, 1.3 kg of sur-factant, 0.0 kg of total suspended non-filterable solids, 0.0 kg of oil and'greaseper kkg (respectively 2 lb, 4 lb, 1.3 lb, and0.0 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrous product.

(17) Subpart Q-Manufacture of De-tergents by Dry Blending Subcategory.The small, but variable, amounts ofwaste water that may be generated bycleanup of spills and washout of equip-ment cannot be related to units of prod-uct. Constituents in the discharge mayrepresent any of the surfactants or build-ers employed. Raw waste loads shouldnot exceed 0.1 kg of BOD5, 0.5 kg of COD,0.1 kg of total suspended non-fiAterablesolids, 0.1 kg of surfactants, and 0.0 kgof oil and grease per kkg (respectively0.1 lb, 0.5 lb, 0.1 lb, 0.1 lb, and 0.0 lb/1000lb) of anhydrous detergent.

(18) Subpart R-Manufacture ofDrum Dried Detergents Subcategory.Very limited discharges will be generatedduring mandatory washdown attributa-ble to equipment failure pr critical for-mulation changes. The average rawwaste loads which can be expected forthe best operations are 0.1 kg of BOD5,0.3 kg of COD, 0.1 kg of total suspendednon-filterable solids, 0.1 kg of surfac-tants, and 0.1 kg of oil and grease per kkg(respectively 0.1 lb, 0.3 lb, 0.1 lb, 0.1 lb,and 0.1 lb/1000 lb) of anhydrous product.

(19) Subpart S-Manufacture of De-tergent Bars and Cakes Subcategory.Volumes of waste water in this subcate-gory generally exceed those for manu-facture of bar soaps (Subpart A) byabout 50 percent. This is attributable tothe necessity for equipment washdownto avoid contamination by degradation ofsurfactants adhering to heated surfaces.

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Contaminants include surfactants, ad-ditives (pigments, perfumes, emollients,etc.) and soap (a major component ofmost "detergent" bars). For a well op-erated installation the raw waste loadsshould not exceed 7 kg of BODS, 22 kg ofCOD, 2 kg of total suspended non-filter-able solids, 5 kg of surfactants, and 0.2kg of oil and grease per kkg (respectively7 lb, 22 lb, 2 Ib, 5 lb, and 0.2 lb/1000 ib)of anhydrous product.

(iii) Origin of waste water pollutantsin the soap and detergent manufacturingcategory. (1) Soap manufacturing bybatch kettle subcategory: Spills andleaks. These are variable volume sourcesof a sporadic nature. Potential pollutantsinclude fats and oils, soap, salt, andalkalies.

Pat and oil pretreatment. Variousamounts of water from acid or causticwashes, steam condensate from heatingof fats and oils, and in some operationsbarometric condenser waters. Potentialpollutants include fats and oils, clay orproprietary pretreatment chemicals, andlow molecular weight fatty acids.

Nigre from kettle boil. Varying smallvolumes of water containing soaps, im-purities such as color bodies, salt, causticand some unreacted fats and oils.

Sewer yes from reclaiming of scrapsoap. Varying small amounts of watercontaining soap, salt, caustic'and detritussuch as paper and dirt.

(2) Manufacturing of fatty acids byfat splitting subcategory. Spills and leaks.Variable volume sources of a sporadicnature, potentially containing fats andoils, fatty acids and glycerine.

Barometric condensers. The volume issmall if recycle with blowdown is prac-ticed and large if once-through water useIs practiced. Expected pollutants are fatsand oils,* fatty acids (especially shortchain acids) and glycerine.

Still bottoms. Small volume, but highlyconcentrated wastes that will containfats and oils, fatty acids, glycerine andzinc and alkaline earth metal salts fromcatalysts.

(3) Manufacturing of soap by fattyacid neutralization subcategory. Spillsand leaks. Variable small volumes of asporadic nature. Potential pollutants arecaustics, fatty acids and soaps. Sewerlyes from refatiming of 'scrap soap: as insubpart A.

(4) Glycerine concentration Subcate-gory. Barometric condensers. Volumesare highly variable and dependent on thedegree of recycle and blowdown. Ex-pected pollutants are glycerine and salt.

Leaks and spills-Variable in volumeand sporadic. Pollutants are glycerineand salt.

(5) Glycerine distillation subcategory.Leaks and spills. Variable in volume andsporadic. Pollutants are glycerine andsalt.

Barometric condensers. Volumes arehighly variable and dependent on thedegree of recycle and blowdown. Ex-pected pollutants are entrained glycerineand salt.

Glycerine foots (still bottoms). Smallvolumes of highly concentrated wastes

* containing glycerine, glycerine polymersand salt.

(6) Manufacture of soap flakes andpowders subcategory. Leaks and spills.Variable in volume and sporadic. Pollut-ants are soap, builders and other addi-tives.

Equipment cleaning. The volumes ex-pected would be relatively small and ofinfrequent occurrence, as most cleanupwould be dry.

(7) Manufacture of bar soaps subcate-gory: Barometric condensers. This sourcewould exist only if vacuum driers are em-ployed and generally would be less than6.3 I/see (100 gpm). Pollutants would beentrained soap dust containing soap andadditives.

Scrubbers. Scrubbers may be employedto control dust from various operations inthis subcategory. In terms of volumes ofwater employed for scrubbing in othersubcategories, the -quantity in this sub-category is small. When barometric con-densers are present, the condenser watermay be used for scrubbing. Pollutantswould be soap and additives.

Equipment cleanup. Volumes would besmall and occurrence infrequent (mostcleanup is dry). Pollutants are soaps andAdditives.

(8) Manufacture of liquid soaps sub-category: Leaks and spills. Sporadic andof limited quantity.

Equipment cleanup. Rather infrequentand of relatively small quantities. Pollut-ants are soap, builders and other addi-tives.

(9) Oleum sulfonation and sulfationsubeategory: Leaks and spills. Sporadicin nature. Volumes of waste water will bevery large in relation to the amount ofmaterial spilled because of dilution re-quired to control hazards attributable tothe high acidity of the oleum and thesulfonated and sulfated materials. Pollut-ants could be oleum, feedstocks and sul-fonated or sulfated products.

Pump packing gland waters. Thevolume generally would be 0.3 I/sec (5gpm) or less and the potential pollutantswould be oleum, feedstocks and suifo-nated or sulfated products.

Oleum tank vent scrubber. Atmos-pheric emissions from the vent arescrubbed during filling of the oleum tankto remove S03 vapors. The pollutant willbe dilute sulfuric acid.

(10) Air-S03 sulfation and sulfona-tion subcategory: Leaks and spills. Spo-radic and variable large volumes due todilution required by the highly acidicmaterials.

By-product disposal. In continuous-processes the charred materials collect inpots and the pots are periodically flushed.Water use is approximately 250 1/kkg(30 gal/1000 Ib) of product. Pollutantswill consist of sulfonated and sulfatedmaterials.

Equipment cleanup. Washing of equip-ment will contribute varying amounts ofwater. For continuous processes this willoccur infrequently. For batch process itwill occur after each batch. In many in-stallations this will also include wash-ing of filters that are installed for re-

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moval of impurities in various processstreams. Pollutants expected are feed-stocks and sulfated or sulfonated prod-ucts.

(11) S03 solvent and vacuum sulfona-tion subcategory: Leaks and spills. Vari-able and sporadic. Pollutants are feed-stocks and sulfonated products.

Equipment cleaning. This is the prin-cipal source of discharge and may followeach batch. Pollutants are unreactedfeedstocks and sulfonated products.

Barometric condensers. If barometriccondensers are employed there will be alarge volume of dilute waste containingentrained feedstocks and sulfonatedmaterials.

(12) Sulfamic acid sulfation subcate-gory. As in (11) subpart K above, buthigher levels of water use and pollutantsdue to the highly viscous product andhigh surface to volume ratio of the reac-tor. Barometric condensers will not beemployed.

(13) Chlorosulfonic acid sulfation sub-category: Leaks and spills. Variablequantities of sporadic occurrence con-taining feedstocks and products.

Equipment cleaning. Washouts willoccur occasionally, not after each batch.Pollutants are unreacted feedstocks andsulfated products.

By-product hydrochloric acid hydrol-ysis of the chlorosulfonic acid produceshydrochloric acid which may be absorbedin water or an alkaline solution and thensewered.

(14) Neutralization of sulfuric acidesters and sulfonic acids subcategory.Leaks and Spills. Variable sporadicquantities containing the sulfonated andsulfated feedstocks and the neutralizedsurfactants.

Equipment cleaning. Infrequent andgenerally associated with maintenance ofequipment. Pollutants expected are feed-stocks and products.

(15) Manufacture of spray dried deter-gents subcategory. Leaks and spills:Variable and sporadic. Pollutants ex-pected are surfactants, builders andother additives. Scrubbers. Refer to (ii),(15), Subpart 0. Equipment cleaning:Refer to (ii), (15), Subpart O.

(16) Manufacture of liquid detergentssubcategory. Leaks and spills. Variableand sporadic. Potential pollutants rep-resent the full range of surfactants andadditives.

Equipment cleaning. This is the mainsource of waste water and pollutantsassociated with the subcategory. The fullrange of surfactants and additives is tobe expected in the discharge.

(17) Manufacture of detergents bydry blending subcategory. Leaks andspills. Little or no water will be utilizedfor cleanup of spills. Potential pollut-ants represent the full range of mate-rials employed.

Equipment cleaning. Wet cleaning ofequipment is an infrequent occurrenceand will involve minor amounts of water.Potential pollutants encompass the fullrange of materials employed.

(18) Manufacture of drum dried de-tergents subcategory. Leaks and spills.

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Variable and sporadic. Full range ofmaterials employed may appear in re-sulting waste.

Equipment cleaning. Wet cleaning ofequipment is infrequent and should in-volve only minor quantities of water.

Scrubbers. Scrubbers may be presentin some installations to control atmos-pheric emissions. The waste dischargeswill be similar to those encountered inspray towers, but lower in contaminantconcentration and much lower in volume.

(19) Manufacture of detergent barsand cakes subcategory. In general thissubcategory parallels manufacture ofbar soaps (refer to (iii), (7) Subpart G).The most significant difference is therequirement for more frequent and com-plete washouts because of, the heat sen-sitive nature of the detergents' activeingredients.

(iv) Treatment and Control Technol-ogy. In-plant pollution controls fall intotwo broad areas, housekeeping and mod-ification of processes and equipment.There is sufficient difference in appropri-ate in-plant control among the subcate-gories to warrant separate discussions bysubcategory rather than a single gen-eralized discuision. Such coverage is pro-vided under heading (v). Those proce-dures which most appropriately may beconsidered pretreatment of raw wastestreams are covered under that sameheading.

As a result of the very limited numberof point sources existing in the soap anddetergent manufacturing category, verylittle information is available on "end-of-pipe" treatment. However, the infor-mation available from the industry's ex-perience and laboratory or bench scalestudies indicated that the wastes areamenable to satisfactory reduction inproperly designed and operated biologi-cal treatment systems. Treatment sys-tems presently operated by point sourcesin the industry are of three types, i.e.,oxidation lagoons, aerated lagoons, andsystems involving modified activatedsludge (extended aeration).

Identification of plants utilizing oxi-dation lagoons and receipt of very lim-ited data on their operational param-eters occurred extremely late in theperiod of effluent guidelines development.Hence, it was not possible to fully evalu-ate this treatment option.

Based on the limited informationavailable, it appears that one plant whoseoperations include several subcategoriesin the detergent area is meeting the rec-ommended effluent limitations with anoxidation lagoon having about a six-month retention period. Specialized fattyacids producers apparently are not meet-ing the limitations with oxidation la-goons, but it seems to be a combinedfunction of excessive raw waste loadsand low treatment efficiency. It must benoted that their operations include spe-cialized processes (e.g., amination andethoxylation of fatty acids) that are notincluded in the guidelines for the soapand detergent manufacturing category.An aerated lagoon (of approximately 45-day retention and preceded by equaliza-

tion) utilized by a liquid detergent plantis attaining reductions of approximately94 percent for BOD5, 85 percent for COD,and 73 percent for total dissolved solids,but no reduction in total suspended non-filterable solids. Since only 3-4.5 kw (4-6hp) rather than the typical 25-0 kw(30-40 hp) of aeration per million gal-lons of capacity is supplied, the presentmode of operation of this treatment fa-cility is intermediate to those of an oxi-dation lagoon and a completely mixedaerated lagoon. Engineering evaluationindicated that reductions on the order of98 percent for BOD5, 90 percent for COD,and 90 percent for total suspended non-filterable solids are attainable if 25-30kw (30-40 hp) of aeration per milliongallons of capacity are supplied, a finalclarification stage is installed, and muchof the sludge from clarification is re-turned to the lagoon.

For a number of years a treatment sys-tem consisting of an equalization basin,an extended aeration unit, and a finalclarifier has been operated by a majorintegrated soap and detergent plant. Thistreatment system generally has realizedBOD5 reductions approaching 90 percent,COD reductions of 85 percent and totalsuspended non-filterable solids reduc-tion of 84 percent, but it has been subjectto occasional major upsets. At present,the system is being revamped to includea much larger equalization basin and alime addition flocculation and precipita-tion unit, both preceding the existingequalization basin. Under the new modeof operation the treatment system is ex-pected to attain reduction of 94 percentand 92 percent for BOD5, COD, and totalsuspended non-filterable solids respec-tively, and there should be drastic re-duction in upset frequency and severity.

In view of the aforegoing, it is the deci-sion of EPA that any end-of-pipe treat-ment consistent with the best practicablecontrol technology currently available inthe soap and detergent manufacturingcategory of point sources is the equiva-lent of a biological treatment attainingreductions of 90 percent for BOD5, totalsuspended non-filterable solids, oil and,grease, and surfactants and a reductionof 85 percent for COD.

Additional treatment must be consid-ered in evaluating the degree of effluentreduction attainable through the appli-cation of the best available technologyeconomically achievable and the stand-ards of performance for new sources.Since there are no treatment techniquesknown to be applied in the soap and de-tergent manufacturing industry otherthan those previously described, transferof technology from other industrial cate-gories or research must be considered.Among the treatment procedures thatappear to merit consideration are variouslion 1/day (1,000,000 gal) down to 0.38lagoons and sand, mixed media or car-bon filters), two stage activated sludge,and chemical-physical techniques.

With the exception of chemical-physi-cal treatment, a virtually unknown quan-tity, it reasonably can be assumed thatthe procedures would attain effluent dis-

charges 50-75 percent lower than thosepresently attained. Cost and availabilityof land, capital and operating costs oftreatment, and characteristics of thespecific wastes will influence the selec-tion of the most appropriate treatmentprocedure. For a volume range of 3.8 mil-lion 1/day(1,000,000 gal) down to 0.38million 1/day (100,000 gal), the capitalcosts range from $50-300/3800 1 (1000gal) /day and the direct operating costsrange from $0.03-0.50/3800 1 (1000 gal) /day, with the costs for carbon filtrationbeing about double those of the otherapproaches.

The disposal of solid wastes (consist-ing of wastes handled "dry" within theplant and sludge generated by end ofprocess treatment) does not constitute aserious problem. The wastes are readilysubject to degradation in land disposalsites and are, in fact, less hazardous tothe environment than many materialscommonly placed in municipal sanitarylandfills.

The need for atmospheric emissioncontrol is limited to processes associatedwith drying of soaps and detergents, es-pecially spray drying of detergents. Withthe exception of the spray drying of somedetergent formulations requiring use ofsuch large quantities of scrubber waterthat it cannot all be recycled to process,atmospheric emissions can be controlledby dry methods (cyclones, bag housesand electrostatic precipitators) .or use oflimited wet scrubbing with scrubberwater recycled to process For the excep-tion cases it is the position of EPA thatit is preferable to have pollutants inaqueous wastes which will receive sub-sequent treatment rather than in at-mospheric emissions. This is reflected inthe proposed guidelines for manufactureof spray dried detergents (Subpart 0).

(v) Treatment and control technologywithin subcategories. End-of-pipe treat-ment does not vary significantly for thesubcategories and thus will not be dis-cussed by subcategory. Similarly, goodhousekeeping practices (e.g., mainte-nance, "dry" cleanup of all but veryhazardous spills with recycle to processor disposal as solid waste) are essentiallyconsistent and will not be discussed bysubcategory.

(1) Treatment in soap-manufacturingby batch kettle subcategory. The prin-cipal waste loads associated with batchkettle production of neat soap are thoseresulting from discharge of nigre. Con-trols which should be considered in-clude: (a) Recovery of nigre as a by-product to be processed into pet soaps,industrial lubricants, or other low-gradeproducts; (b) Recycle to extinctionthrough use of a couniter current modeof operation; and (c) Acidulation of thenigre to release soaps, fats and oils fol-lowed by skimming for recovery of thesematerials.

(2) Treatment in the fatty acid man-ufacturing by fat splitting subcategory.The principal waste loads associatedwith this subcategory result from en-tainment in barometric condenser wa-ters and discharge of still bottoms.

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Waste control measures which merit.consideration include: (a) Improvementof skiming through utilization of floc-culants for flotation or precipitation;(b) Installation of improved demisters,fractionation trays, or other devices toreduce entrainment; (c) Recycle of re-actor condensate back into process; (d)Recycle of barometric condenser waterby utilization of cooling towers and blow-down to minimize hydraulic loading forimproved skimming and end-of-pipetreatment; (e) Operation of cooling tow-ers as biological towers; and (f) Re-placement of barometric condensers withsurface condensers and vacuum pumps.

(3) Treatment in the soap manufac-turing by fatty acid neutralization sub-category. The raw waste discharge forthis subcategory appears to be at or nearthe achievable minimum, the onlyaqueous waste being the small amountof sewer lyes Iresulting from reclaimingof scrap soap. Any minor in-plant de-creases in pollutant discharge could onlyresult from improved housekeeping orimproved pretreatment (e.g., use of floc-culants in skimming).

(4) Treatment in the glycerine con-centration subcategory. In terms ofwaste load per unit of anhydrous productthe raw effluent loads arising from en-trainment in barometric condenserwater in this process represent the high-est encountered within-the industry. Be-cause of the infinite solubility of glycer-ine in water typical pretreatment isineffective; thus, the only approaches forreduction of pollutant discharge areprocess and equipment modifications andend-of-pipe treatment. Process andequipment modifications meriting con-sideration include: (a) Installation ofimproved demisters, fractionation trays,or other devices to reduce entrainment;(b) Recycle of barometric condenserwater by utilization of cooling towers andblowdown to minimize hydraulic loadingfor improved end-of-pipe treatment;(c) Operation of cooling towers as biolog-ical towers to reduce the organic loadIn blowdown; and (d) Replacement ofbarometric condensers with surface con-densers and vacuum pumps.

(5) Treatment in the glycerine distil-lation subcategory. Pollutants dischargedfrom the glycerine distillation processrepresent one of the higher raw wasteloadings in terms of waste load per unitof anhydrous product. Two sources, en-trainment in barometric condenser waterand discharge of glycerine foots, con-tribute about equal amounts. Appropri-ate entrainment controls are the sameas those for the glycerine concentrationsubcategory. Glycerine foots are a highlyviscous semi-solid at normal tempera-ture. Common industry practices are todischarge the hot foots into a tank con-taining sufficient water for solution priorto discharge to the sewer, or to removethe foots in washdown of the still. Al-ternatives for handling glycerine footsinclude: (a) Recovery as a byproductfor potential further processing; (b) Col-lection and disposal as a solid waste; and(c) Incineration In special-design boilersfor recovery of heat value.

(6) Treatment in the manufacture ofsoap flakes and powders subcategory,This subcategory is a very minor sourceof aqueous discharge. Recycle of waterand return of water to process should re-sult in an essentially dry process.

(7) Treatment in the manufacture ofbar soap subcategory: Volumes of dis-charge from this subcategory are smallbut some effluents carry relatively heavypollutant loads. Other than pollutantsarising from spills, leaks and washout ofequipment, all of which can be minimizedby utilizing dry cleanup to the greatestdegree possible, the major sources ofpollution are associated with drying ofthe neat soap and reclaiming of scrapsoap. Appropriate controls in reclaimingscrap soap are as discussed in (1)- Sub-part A and (3) Subpart C. Controls mer-iting consideration for control of con-taminants from drying include: (a)Replacement of wet scrubbers on atmos-pheric emissions with cyclones, baghouses, electrostatic precipitators orother dry control measures; (b) Replace-ment of barometric condensers on vac-uum driers with surface condensers andvacuum pumps; (c) Installation of at-mospheric driers ahead of vacuum driers;(d) Recycle of barometric condenser wa-ter utilizing cooling towers and blow-down; and (e) Improved skimmingutilizing acidification, flocculation, orflotation.

(8) Treatment in the manufacture ofliquid soaps subcategory. This subcate-gory is a very minor source of waste ef-fluents. The equipment employed is sim-ple and does not offer much potentialfor reduction of waste discharge throughmodification. Housekeeping (spill con-trol, etc.) and production scheduling tominimize need for washouts are theprincipal means of reducing effluents.

(9) Subpart I-Treatment in oleumsulfonation and sulfation subcategory.This subcategory is essentially optimizedat the present, and reduction of effluentsis largely a matter of housekeeping.

(10) Treatment in the Air-S03 sulfo-nation and sulfation subcategory. Interms of loads per unit of product thewaste discharges from this subcategoryare among the highest encountered inthe industry. In-plant controls whichshould be considered include: (a) recycleof under sulfonated material produced atstartup; (b) recycle of scrubber water;(c) installation of improved controls formixing, temperature, etc.; and (d) incase of expansion or replacement, theinstallation of new processes.

(11) Treatment in the solvent and vac-uum sulfonation subcategory. This proc-ess is usually a small batch operation thatwill have waste loadings similiar to thoseof the air-S03 sulfonation subcategory.Potential waste reduction controls in-clude: (a) recycle of scrubber and baro-metric condenser waters, utilizing cool-ing towers and blowdown; (b) operationof cooling towers as biological towers;and (c) replacement of barometric con-densers with surface condensers and vac-uum pumps.

(12) Treatment in the sulfamic acidsulfation subcategory. This is a batchoperation performed in simple equipmentwith leaks, spills and washiout being thesource of waste effluents. Potential con-trol measures include: (a) reuse of washwater, either as wash water or as a feedfor other sulfonation and sulfation proc-esses; and (b) replacement of water withother solvents for washout.

(13) Treatment in the chlorosulfonicacid sulfation subcategory. This is abatch operation performed in simpleequipment with leaks, spills and washoutbeing the source of waste effluents. Po-tential control measures include: (a) re-use of wash water, either as wash wateror as feed for other sulfonation and sul-fation processes; and (b) replacement ofwater with other solvents for washout.

(14) Treatment in the neutralizationof sulfuric acid esters and sulfonic acidssubcategory. This process is at or nearoptimum operation with continuousprocess installations highly automated.Waste control to further reduce the ex-isting low waste levels is solely a matterof improved housekeeping.

(15) Treatment in the spray dried de-tergents subcategory. Because of thelarge volumes involved, spray dryingtowers are one of the principal-sources ofwaste effluent in the industry. As noted inthe previous discussions of waste sourcesand characteristics, there is considerablevariation in operation of spray towers.Similarly, there is variation in appro-priate in-plant controL

Through utilization of dry controls foratmospheric emissions (cyclones, baghouses and electrostatic precipitators)and maximum recycle into process ofequipment wash water, it is possible fornormal spray tower operation to be es-sentially a closed system. Such is notthe case for air quality restricted andfast turnaround operations where wetscrubbing of atmospheric emissions andfrequent washouts generate extremelylarge volumes of waste water. There are,however, modifications that can reduceeffluents for from one to all three modesof operation. These include: (a) Sched-uling of production so as to minimize thenumber of turnarounds requiring wash-out. (b) installation of holding tanks topermit recycle of washouts for at leastthe most commonly processed formula-tions; and (c) installation of a two stagescrubber in stacks of spray towers proc-essing formulations causing atmosphericemission problems, the first stage to uti-lize cooled water and both stages to em-ploy recirculation. To the maximum ex-tent possible, blowdown from the secondstage should be used for make-up in thefirst stage, and blowdown from the firststage should be used in crutchers.

(16) Treatment in the manufactureof liquid detergents subcategory. Fillinglines are the principal source of wastedischarges from this operation, withmuch of the waste resulting from purgingand cleaning associated with the change-over of product. Approaches. for mini-mizing wastes include: (a) schedulingof production to minimize the numberof product changeovers; (b) installation

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of provisions for air blowing of lines forchangeover; and (c) installation of facil-ities for capture, storage and recycle ofspills and washouts to product make-up.

(17) Treatment in the detergentmanufacturing by dry blending sub-category. Reduction of waste dischargeof this essentially dry operation is strictlya matter of improved housekeeping, in-cluding elimination of spills and drycleanup of spills and equipment.

(18) Treatment in the manufacture ofdrum dried detergents subcategory.Again, this is an essentially "dry" opera-tion. If scrubbers are utilized on atmos-pheric emissions, the resulting watershould be recycled using cooling towers.In view of the limited amount of con-taminant expected, operation of suchcooling towers as biological towerscould result in near zero discharge ofpollutants.

(19) Treatment in, the detergent barsand cakes subcategory. In general, as in(7) Subpart G-manufacture of barsoaps subcategory. Consideration mightbe given-to recycle of equipment washoutto the crutchers of a spray tower in largerintegrated plants.

(vi) Cost estimates for control of wastewater pollutants in the soap and deter-gent manufacturing -category. The costand energy requirements associated withcontrol and treatment technologies, in-cluding those for the fat splitting, fattyacid refining and hydrogenation, opera-tions of fatty acid specialty producers,have been considered. The capital invest-ment required for compliance with the1977 limitation (at least 80 percent ofwhich is attributable to the needs of fattyacid specialty producers) has been esti-mated at $350,000 for all point sources.Additional capital investment of about$750,000 is required for compliance with1983 limitations. Of this additional capi-.tal investment, approximately 25-30 per-cent represents the share of fatty acidspecialty producers and the remainderis assignable to the basic soap and de-tergent manufacturing industry. Therelatively low capital investment require-ments for compliance reflect the influ-ence of two factors: First, the verylimited number of point sources, andsecondly, the fact that most of the treat-ment and control facilities required tomeet the limitations are in place atpresent.

Relatively minor modifications in end-of-pipe treatment account for the bulkof the capital investment required tomeet the 1977 limitations in the case ofthe basic soap and detergent manufac-turing industry. For the fatty acid spe-cialty producers about 25 percent of theexpenditure is for modification of end-of-pipe treatment and the remainder isfor in-plant control, primarily for re-cycle of barometric condenser watersand improved oil and grease skimming.The split in additional capital invest-ment for compliance with 1983 limita-tions is approximately 75 percent forthe basic soap and detergent. manufac-turing industry and 25 percent for fattyacid specialty producers. For both

groups the costs 'representing in-plantcontrol and end-of-pipe treatment areapproximately equal.

Added energy requirements for com-pliance with either 1977 or 1983 effluentlimitations are less than 5 percent of thetotal energy consumption for pointsources and only a small fraction of 1percent of the consumption for the entireindustry. Consumption of energy by pointsources for end-of-pipe treatment ap-proximates 3,000 kwh/day and in-plantcontrols are estimated to consume anadditionaq1 15-30 kwh/day; most of thefacilities which account for these energyconsumptions are in place at present.

The aforegoing estimates are based onthe existing situation in the soap anddetergent manufacturing industry. If in-creasingly stringent pretreatment re-quirements and user charges associatedwith discharge to municipal systemsshould result in opting for industrytreatment of its wastes, an alternativeprobably beyond the financial capibili-ties of many smaller companies, mini-mum investment to meet the 1977limitations-would exceed $50 million andadditional investment to meet 1983 limi-tations would exceed $20 million. Simi-larly, an at least one hundred fold in-crease in direct energy requirementswould occur.

(vii) Establishing daily maximumlimitations. In setting daily maximumlimitations the reliability of both end-of-pipe treatment and in-plant processcontrol must be considered. In the nor-mal operation of biological treatmentsystems, especially those receiving vari-able loading, appreciable deviationsfrom the average waste reduction effi-ciency are to be expected in daily per-formance. Such is the case in the soapand detergent manufacturing industryeven though intensive effort is devotedto equalizing loading and maintainingefficiency of the biological treatment sys-tem. The 1977 effluent limitations forthe thirty day period are based on anaverage BOD5 reduction of 90 percentand the correspondingly expected reduc-tion of other pollution parameters (e.g.,85 percent for COD). Daily maximumshave been based on 75-80 percent reduc-tion of BOD5. The 1983 limitations arebased on slightly improved averagewaste reduction efficiency and greaterconsistency of performance.

The raw waste loads that have beenutilized in developing the recommendedlimitations for the thirty day period arethose attainable with appropriate inplantcontrol technology. As in the case oftreatment, it must be recognized thatthere is potential for daily variation inoperation of in-plant control. Withinthe subcategories two different types ofraw waste loads are encountered: verylow waste loads which even with care-ful control may be subject to great in-crease on any day, and relatively highwaste loads which with careful controlshould be subject to very little dailyvariation. Typical of the first are thesmall loads from oleum sulfonation inwhich a blown pump packing gland

could result in a loss equivalent to a nor-mal day's loss in a matter of minutes.Typical of the second are the relativelyheavy loads from glycerine concentra-tion for which appreciable increase inany day's load would represent poorcontrol.

In recognition of the potential varia-tion in both end-of-pipe treatment andin-plant control, which could occur inde-pendently or concurrently, daily maxi-mum limitations ranging from two tofive times the thirty day average havebeen set.

(viii) Non-water-quality environ-mental impact. Facets of non-water-'quality impact to be considered are solidwaste disposal, air quality and land use.Of these three the principal area of im-pact is solid waste disposal. Other poten-tial areas of impact such as noise andvibration do not merit serious concern.

Solid wastes in the form of sludge willbe generated by the biological treatmentsystems, but they will be of limitedvolume and innocuous, requiring onlyminimal custodial care in disposal sites.Incineration of the sludges prior to dis-posal will reduce them to 5-10 percent oftheir initial mass and render them evenmore innocuous. Some sludge will resultfrom the operation of gravity type oilywater treaters. This sludge would nor-mally be combined with other wastesolids from process and treatment andrepresents a shift in site, not volume, ofsolid wastes.-

Limited potential for air pollutionexists as a result of biological treatmentand sludge incineration. Proper designand control will minimize any impact.Conversely, control of air emissions fromstacks and vents adds to the aqueouspollutant load when use of wet scrubbersis required, but it is preferable to havethe pollutants in the waste waters wherethey will receive subsequent treatment.

Depending on the size of the plant andthe treatment processes employed, theland requirements for treatment willvary from as little as one-half acre to asmuch as three to five acres. For the exist-ing point sources, or even if applied tothe entire industry, this does not rep-resent a serious withdrawal of land fromother productive uses. Attainment ofzero discharge of pollutants through ir-rigation with waste waters would requirelarge acreages of land which are notavailable in the urbanized areas wheresoap and detergent plants generally arelocated.

(ix) Economic impact analysis. Astudy conducted by EPA has concludedthat the proposed effluent limitations willnot seriously threaten the economicviability of the soap and detergent in-dustry. In fact, there are no expected ef-fects on production, employment, com-munity stability, balance of trade or in-dustry growth resulting from the pro-posed effluent limitations. Depending onthe size of plant and subcategoriespresent, increased costs of productionranging from about 0.6 to 11.0 percentare expected for point source plants. Fac-tors which tend to negate impact of ef-fluent limitations include:

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(a) The soap and detergent industryserves an inelastic market with an an-nual growth of about 5 percent in whichincreased costs of production can bepassed on to the consumer if execessivefor internal absorption.

(b) Less than 5 percent of the industrywill be affected by imposition of efflu-ent limitatons on point sources.

(c) Disadvantages to point sources re-sulting from imposition of effluent limita-tions will largely be offset by increasedcosts for discharge to municipal systemsby other plants.

(d) small producers generally serve acustom account market that is not serv-iced by large producers. This tends tonegate the cost per unit of productionpenalty attributable to economics of size.

(e) the practice of marketing by brandname tends to negate shifts in sales thatmight result from variation in increasedprices among products.

The report entitled "DevelopmentDocument for Proposed Effluent Limita-tions Guidelines and New Source Per-formance Standards for the Soap andDetergent Manufacturing Point SourceCategory" details the analysis under-taken in support of the regulations beingproposed herein and is available for in-spection in the EPA Information Center,Room 227, West Tower, Waterside Mall,Washington, D.C., at all EPA regional of-fices, and at State water pollution con-trol offices. A supplementary analysisprepared for EPA of the possible eco-nomic effects of the proposed regulationsis also available for inspection at theselocations. Copies of both of these docu-ments are being sent to persons or in-stitutions affected by the proposedregulations, or who have placed them-selves on a mailing list for thig purpose(see EPA's Advance Notice of Public Re-view Procedures, 38 FR 21202, August 6,1973). An additional limited number ofcopies of both reports are available. Per-sons wishing to obtain a copy may writethe EPA Information Center, Environ-mental Protection Agency, Washington,D.C. 20460, Atitetion: Mr. Philip B.Wisman.

SUMMARY OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Prior to this publication, the agenciesand groups listed below were consultedand given an opportunity to participatein the development of effluent limitationsguidelines and standards proposed forthe soap and detergent manufacturingcategory. All participating agencies havebeen informed of project developments.An initial draft of the DevelopmentDocument was sent to all participantsand comments were solicited on that re-port. The following are the principalagencies and groups consulted: (1) Ef-fluent Standards and Water Quality In-formation Advisory Committee (estab-lished under section 515 of the Act) ; (2)all State and U.S. Territory PollutionControl Agencies; (3) The AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers; (4) Govern-ment of Guam Trust Territory of the Pa-cific Islands; (5) The American Societyof Mechanical Engineers; (6) Hudson

River Sloop Restoration, Inc.; (7) TheConservation Foundation; (8) Environ-mental Defense Fund, Inc.; (9) NaturalResources Defense Council; (10) WaterPollution Control Federation; (11) Na-tional Wildlife Federation; (12) NewEngland Interstate Water Pollution Con-trol Commission; (13) Ohio River ValleySanitation Commission; (14) DelawareRiver Basin Commission; (15) The Soapand Detergent Association; (16) Manu-facturing Chemists Association; (17)U.S. Department of Commerce; (18) U.S.Department of the Interior; (19) TheWater Resources Council; (20) The U.S.Department of Health, Education andWelfare; (21) The U.S. Department ofAgriculture.

The following organizations respondedwith comments: Effluent Standards andWater Quality Information AdvisoryCommittee; General Counsel of the De-partment of Commerce; United StatesDepartment of the Interior; UnitedStates Department of Agriculture;United States Department of Health,Education, and Welfare-Food and DrugAdministration; California State WaterResources Control Board; Texas WaterQuality Board; State of Maine Depart-ment of Environmental Protection; Illi-nois Environmental Protection Agency;Delaware River Basin Commission; Stateof New York Department of Environ-mental Conservation; United States Wa-ter Resources Council; PennsylvaniaDivision of Industrial Wastes and Ero-sion Regulation; The Soap and Deter-gent Association; Fatty Acid Producer'sCouncil; Glyco Chemicals, Inc.; StaufferChemical Company; Texize ChemicalsCompany; Witco Chemical; and Proctorand Gamble Company.

The primary issues raised in the devel-opment of these proposed effluent limi-tations guidelines and standards of per-formance and the treatment of theseissues, herein are as follows:

(1) Additions to the controlled param-eters (e.g., total dissolved solids, opticbrighteners, bleaches, etc.) and deletionof oil and grease as a controlled param-eter (based on redundancy to bio-chemical oxygen demand) were sug-gested. Upon re-examination of the con-trolled parameters, it has been concludedthat the suggested additions are con-trolled by compliance with the proposedlimitations or are present at such lowlevels as to be of no pollutional signifi-cance. While oils and greases are sub-stances contributing to biochemicaloxygen demand (and also chemical oxy-gen demand), they have a potentialaesthetic impact that is unrelated tooxygen demand and their retention as acontrolled parameter is justified.

(2) Several comments have been re-ceived that proper consideration has notbeen given to the impact of wastes onmunicipal systems and receiving watersand to do so the effluent limitation shouldbe set in terms of concentration such asmilligrams per liter or parts per million.Effluent guidelines are directed towardnational control of point source dis-charges, not discharges to municipal

systems by existing sources or dischargesto specific waterbodies. These are mat-ters for consideration under section 302(a) and section 307(b) (1) of Public Law92-500. Moreover, concentration is afunction of the degree of dilution, andwithout concurrent strict limitations onvolume of discharge, concentration limitswould exert little control over the load.

(3) Applicability of some technologysuggested as appropriate for meeting1983 guidelines and new source perform-ance standards has been questioned. Thisis especially true for use of surface con-tact condensers and vacuum pumps toreplace barometric condensers in split-ting and refining fats. This technology isbased on transfer from other industrieswith similar problems and is only onepotential route suggested for meetingsome of the 1983 limitations.

Interested persons may participate inthis rulemaking by submitting writtencomments in triplicate to the EPA In-formation Center, Environmental Pro-tection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460,Attention: Mr. Philip B. Wisman. Com-ments on all aspects.of the proposedregulations are solicited. In the eventcomments are in the nature of criticismsas to the adequacy of data which is avail-able, or which may be relied upon by theAgency, comments should identify and,if possible, provide any additional datawhich may be available and should indi-cate why such data is essential to thedevelopment of the regulations. In theevent comments address the approachtaken by the agency in establishing aneffluent limitation guideline or standardof performance, EPA solicits suggestionsas to what alternative approach shouldbe taken and why and how this alterna-tive better satisfies the detailed require-ments of sections 301, 304(b), 306, and307 of the Act.

A copy of all public comments will beavailable for inspection and copying atthe EPA Information Center, Room 227,West Tower, Waterside Mall, 401 MStreet S.W., Washington, D.C. A copy ofpreliminary draft contractor reports, theDevelopment Document and economicstudy referred to above and certain sup-plementary materials supporting thestudy of the industry concerned will alsobe maintained at this location for publicreview and copying. The EPA informa-tion regulation, 40 CFR Part 2, providesthat a reasonable fee may be charged forcopying.

All comments received on or beforeJanuary 25, 1973 will be considered.Steps previously taken by the Environ-mental Protection Agency to facilitatepublic response within this time periodare outlined in the advance notice con-cerning public review procedures pub-lished on August 6, 1973 (38 FR 21202).

Dated: December 7,1973.

JOHN QUARLES,Actina Administrator.

It Is proposed that 40 CPR Chapter Ibe amended by the addition of a newPart 417 to read as follows:

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PART 417-EFFLUENT LIMITATIONSGUIDELINES FOR EXISTING SOURCESAND STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCEAND PRETREATMENT STANDARDS FORNEW SOURCES FOR THE SOAP ANDDETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINTSOURCE CATEGORY

Subpart A-Soap Manufacturing By Batch KettleSubcategory

Sec.417.10 Applicability; description of soap

manufacturing by batch kettlesubcategory.

417.11 Specialized definitions.417.12 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

417.13 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available. tech-nology economically achievable.

417.14 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.15 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart B-Fatty Acid Manufacturing By FatSplitting Subcategory

Sec.417.20 Applicability; description of fatty

acid manufacturing by fat splittingsubcategory.

417.21 Specialized definitions.417.22 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

417.23 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.24 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.25 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart C-Soap Manufacturing By Fatty AcidNeutralization Subcategory

Sec.417.30 Applicability; description of soap

manufacturing by fatty acid neu-tralization subcategory.

417.81 Specialized definitions.417.82 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

417.33 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effilaentreduction attainable by applicationof the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

417.34 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.35 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart D-Glycerine Concentration SubcategorySec.417.40 Applicability; description of glycer-

ine concentration subcategory.417.41 Specialized definitions.417.42 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

417.43 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

Sec.417.44 Standards of performance for new

sources.417.45 Pretreatment standards for new

sources.

Subpart E--Glycerine Distillation SubcategorySec.417.50 Applicability; description of glycerine

distillation subcategory.417.51 Specialized definitions.417.52 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

417.53 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.54 Standards *of performance for ,newsoUrces.

417.55 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart F-Manufacture of Soap Flakes andPowders Subcategory

Sec.417.60 Applicability; description of manu-

facture of soap flakes and powderssubcategory.

417.61 Specialized definitions.417.62 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent .re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

417.63 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by applicationof the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

417.64 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.65 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart C-Manufacture of Bar SoapsSubcategory

Sec.417.70 Applicability; description of manu-

facture of bar soaps subcategory.417.71 Specialized definitions.417.72 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

417.73 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by theapplica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.74 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.75 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart H-Manufacture of Liquid SoapsSubcategory

See.417.80 Applicability; description of manu-

facture of liquid soaps subcategory.417.81 Specialized definitions.417.82 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

417.83 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.84 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.85 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart -- Oleum Sulfonation and Sulfatlon

Sec. Subcategory

417.90 Applicability; description of oleumsulfonation and sulfation sub-category.

417.91 Specialized definitions.417.92 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-

senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

417.93 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by applicationof the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

417.94 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.95 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart J-Air-S03 Sulfation and SulfonationSubcategory

417.100 Applicability; description of airS03 sulfonatlon subcategory.

417.101 Specialized definitions.417.102 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

417.103 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.104 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.105 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart K-S03 Solvent and Vacuum SulfonationSubcategory

417.110 Applicability; description of S03solvent and vacuum sulfonationsubcategory.

417.111 Specialized definitions.417.112 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluent- reduction attainable by the appli-

cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

417.113 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.114 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.115 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart L-Sulfamic Acid Sulfation Subcategory417.120 Applicability; description of sul-

famic acid sulfation subcategory.417.121 Specialized definitions.417.122 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicablecontrol technology currentlyavailable.

417.123 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.124 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.125 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart M-Chlorosulfonic Acid SulfationSubcategory

Sec.417.130 Applicability; description of chloro-

sulfonic acid sulfation subcate-gory.

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PROPOSED- RULES

Sec.417.131 Specialized definitions.417.132 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicablecontrol technology currentlyavailable.

417.188 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.134 Standards of performance for newsource&

417.135 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart N-Neutralization of Sulfuric Acid Estersand Sulfonic Acids Subcategory

Sec.417.140 Applicability; description of rieu-

tralization of sulfuric acid estersand sulfonic acids subcategory.

417.141 Specialized definitions.417.142 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

417.143 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.144 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.145 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart 0-Manufacture of Spray DriedDetergents SubcategorySec.

417.150 Applicability; description of manu-facture of spray dried detergentssubcategory.

417.151 Specialized definitions. "417.152 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best practicablecontrol technology currentlyavailable.

417.153 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.154 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.155 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart P-Manufacture of Liquid DetergentsSubcategory

Sec.417.160 Applicability; description of manu-

facture Qf liquid detergents sub-category.

417.161 Specialized definitions.417.162 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

417.168 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.164 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.165 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart Q-Manufacturing of Detergents by DryBlending Subcategory

Sec.417.170 Applicability; description of manu-

facturing of detergents by dryblending subcategory.

417.171 Specialized definitions.417.172 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

417.173 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best availabletechnology economically achiev-able.

417.174 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.175 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart R-Manufacture of Drum DriedDetergents Subcategory

Sec.417.180 Applicability; description of manu-

facture of drum dried detergentssubcategory.

417.181 Specialized definitions.417.182 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best practicablecontrol technology .currentlyavailable.

417.183 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

417.184 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.185 Pretreatment standards for -newsources.

Subpart S-Manufacture of Detergent Bars andCakes Subcategory

Sec.417.190 Applicability; description of manu-

facture of detergent bars andcakes subcategory.

417.191 Specialized definitions.417.192 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best practicablecontrol technology currentlyavailable.

417.193 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best availabletechnology economically achiev-able.

417.194 Standards of performance for newsources.

417.195 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

Subpart A-Soap Manufacturing by BatchKettle Subcategory

§ 417.10 Applicability; description ofsoap manufacturing by batch kettlesubcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from op-erations in which neat soap is producedthrough saponification of animal andvegetable fats and oils by boiling inkettles.

§ 417.11 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product that

would result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "neat soap" shall meanthe solution of completely saponified andpurified soap containing about 20-30percent water which is ready for finalformulation into a finished product.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS"' shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.12 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BeD5 --------- M aximum for any one day0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day2.25 kg/kkg of anhydr -usproduct (2.25 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of daily,values for any period othirty consecutive days1.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive daysOAO kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one daygrease. 0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.15 lb/1000 lb).I1aximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.13 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economically

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PROPOSED RULES

achievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -----.-- Maximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrous-product (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------. Maximum for any one day1.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS---------- Maximum for any one day0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.07 lb/1000 1b).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

pE ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.14 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting-no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBeOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day

0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

TSS---------- Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of hnhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one day.Grease. 0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.07 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg ,of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/10O0 lb).

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationpH.- Within the range of 6.0 to

9.0.

§ 417.15 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307 (c) of the Act, for a source withinthe soap manufacturing by batch kettlesubcategory which is an industrial userof a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source sub-ject to section 306 of the Act, if it wereto discharge pollutants to navigable wa-ters), shall be the standard set forth inPart 128 of this chapter, except that forthe purposes of this section, § 128.133 ofthis chapter, shall be amended to readas follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.14 of this chapter; provided, That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works w~iichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of -any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart B-Fatty Acid Manufacturing byFat Splitting Subcategory

§ 417.20 Applicability; description offatty acid manufacturing by fat split-ting subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting fromsplitting of fats to fatty acids by hy-drolysis and the subsequent processingof the fatty acids (e.g., refining and hy-drogenation) to produce a suitable feedmaterial for manufacture of soap byfatty acid neutralization.§ 417.21 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445..

(c) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5Y "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.22 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practi-cable control technology currently avail-

able by a point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteri

BOD5 .....

COD -----

TSS ------

Oil andGrease.

stic Effluent limitation---- Maximum for any one day

2.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (2.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 lb).

---- Maximum for any one day6.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (6.60 lb/1000 lb),

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days.8.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (8.80 lb/1000 lb).

---- Maximum for any one day4.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (4.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days2.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (2.20 lb/!000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb)

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(Za) If refined fatty acids are hydro-genated the following additional allow-ances shall apply:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 --------

COD ........

TSS

Oil andGrease.

pH.........

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.35 klg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.23 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants or

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

PROPOSED RULES

pollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

COD - Maximum for any one day1.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.80 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(a) If refined fatty acids are hydro-genated the following additional allow-ances shall apply:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

TSS --------- Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.10 lb/1000 1b).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.24 Standards of performance fornew sources.,

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants or

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 -----

COD --------

TSS ---------

Oil andGrease.

pH ----------

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct' (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for -any one day1.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(a) If refined fatty acids are hy-drogenated the following additionalallowances shall apply:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 -----

COD --------

TSS

Oil andGrease.

PH.........-

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of shydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

pollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable thlrough ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

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§ 417.25 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the fatty acid manufacturing byfat splitting subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants tonavigable waters), shall be the standardset forth in Part 128 of this chapter, ex-cept that for the purposes of this sec-tion, § 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In. addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.24 of this chapter; provided That, if thepublicly owned treatment works which re-ceives the pollutants Is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a -pecified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart C-Soap Manufacturing by FattyAcid Neutralization Subcategory

§417.30 Applicability; description ofsoap manufacturing by fatty acidneutralization subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting frommanufacturing of neat soap by neutraliz-ing refined fatty acids with an alkalinematerial in approximately stoichiometricamounts in batch or continuous opera-tions.

§ 417.31 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "neat soap" shall meanthe solution of completely saponified andpurified soap containing about 20-30 per-cent water which is ready for final for-mulation into a finished product.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.32 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree .of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currently

No. 246-Pt. 1I---3

PROPOSED RULES

available by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 - . Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 Ib/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive aays0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil andGrease,

pH.

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.33 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of- the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluent Effluentcharacteristic limitationBODS ------ -. Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.02 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Effluentchzaracteristic Effluent ZimitationpH. ---------- Within the range of 6.0 10

9.0.

§ 417.34 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable throughapplication of the best available dem-onstrated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD ---------

Oil andGrease.

pH -----------

0.02 kg/kkg of- anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

-product (0.02 lb/1000 lb).Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.35 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the fatty acid neutralization sub-category which is an industrial user ofa publicly owned treatment works (andwhich would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to navigable waters),shall be the standard set forth in Part128 of the chapter except that for thepurposes of this section, § 128.133 of thischapter shall be amended to read asfollows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.131, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.84 of this chapter: Provided That, if thepublicly owned treatment works which re-ceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant,, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart D-Glycerine ConcentrationSubcategory

§417.40 Applicability; description ofglycerine concentration subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart areapplicable to discharges resulting fromconcentraton of sweet water fromsaponification or fat splitting to approxi-mately 60 to 80 percent crude glycerinecontent.

§ 417.41 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product..

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTmStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.(c) the term "sweet water" shall

mean the solution of 8-10 percent crudeglycerine and 90-92 percent water that isa by-product of saponification or fatsplitting.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg"shall mean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shallmean 1000 kilograms; (5) "Ib" shallmean pound(s); and (6) "TSS" shallmean total suspended non-filterablesolids.§ 417.42 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of bestpracticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

2.25 kglkkg of anyhydrousproduct (2.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of 'dallyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.0 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 Ib).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day6.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (6.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days4.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (4.50 lb/1000 Ib).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1O00 Ib).

Maximum average of daily-values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

35266

PROPOSED RULES

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationOil and Maximum for any one day

Grease. 0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.43 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Zffluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 --------. Maximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any piriod ofthirty consecutive days0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

GOD -------.- Maximum for any one day1.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.12 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.12 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.05 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.44 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutantsby a new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -....... Maximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days040 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 Ib).

EffluentcharacteristicCOD ---------

TSS .........

Oil andGrease.

pH

§ 417.45 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the glycerine concentration sub-category which is an industrial user ofa publicly owned treatment works (andwhich would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to navigable waters),shall be the standard set forth in Part128 of this chapter except that for thepurposes of this section, § 128.133 of thischapter shall be amended to read asfollows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for-new sources specified in§ 417.44 of this chapter; Provided, That, if thepublicly owned, treatment works -which re-ceives the pollutants Is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart E-Glycerine DistillationSubcategory

§417.50 Applicability; description ofglycerine distillation subeategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from pro-duction of finished glycerine of variousgrades (e.g. USP) concentrated fromcrude glycerine by means of distillation.

§ 417.51 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

1.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.12 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.12 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhy-drous product (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 1b/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

35267

(C) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD51" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "ib" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.'

§ 417.52 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of -effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBODS -------- Maximum for any one day

0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecuitve days0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day2.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (2.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.15 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.53 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day

0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/100 lb).

35268 PROPOSED RULES

§ 417.54 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflectihg the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable throughapplication of the best available dem-onstrated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic - Effluent limitationBOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day

0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ....... Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.02 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/klrg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

PH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to-__ 9.0.

§ 417.55 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the glycerine distillation sub-

category which is an industrial user of

characteristic Effluent limitation

COD -------- Maximum for any one day1.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.20 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty, consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.02 lb/1000 lb)..Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty- consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

pH --------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

a publicly owned treatment works (andwhich would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to navigable waters),shall be the standard set forth in Part128 of this chapter except that for thepirposes of this section, § 128.133 ofthis chapter shall be amended to read asfollows:

In addition .to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.181, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.54 of this chapter, provided That, if thepublicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in Its

I PDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to usersof such treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart F-Manufacture of Soap Flakesand Powders Subcategory

§ 417.60 Applicability; description ofsoap flakes and powders subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart areapplicable to discharges resulting fromall operations associated with themanufacture of soap flakes and powders,commencing with the drying of theneat soap to and including packagingof the finished flakes and powders.§ 417.61 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean-the theoretical product thatwould result f all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.§ 417.62 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the-applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

EffluentcharacteristicCOD ---------

TSS-

Oil andGrease.

pH

§ 417.63 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economically achie-vable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart.

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb),

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.5 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 1b/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0,01 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.64 Staridards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

PROPOSED RULES

operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable,, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutantsby a new point source subject to the pro-yisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/l000 lb).

TSS --------- Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct, (0.01 lb/10O0 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of aihydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.65 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act, for a source withinthe manufacture of soap flakes andpowders subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,If It were to discharge pollutants to navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter, exceptthat for the purposes of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthIn § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forIncompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majoroontributng industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.64 of this chapter; Provided, That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified percent-age of any incompatible pollutant, the pre-treatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart G-Manufacture of Bar SoapsSubcategory

§ 417.70 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of bar soaps subcate-gory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from all

operations associated with conversion'ofneat soap to finished bar soaps, Includ-ing drying, milling, plodding, stampingand packaging.

§ 417.71 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product" shall

mean the theoretical product that wouldresult if all water were removed from theactual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "neat soap" shall meanthe solution of completely saponified andpurified soap containing about 20-30percent water which is ready for finalformulation into a finished product.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall Meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" ,shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.72 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applicationof the best practicable control tech-nology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practi-cable control technology currently avail-able by a point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.34 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.34 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day1.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.85 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.85 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.85 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.85 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.58 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.58 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.06 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

pH. ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.73 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic

BOD5 --------

COD ........

TSS .........

Oil andGrease.

pH

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.34 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.34 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.74 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction acliievable throughapplication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day

COD --------

0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/l00 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

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Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationTSS --------- Maximum for any one day

0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.34 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.34 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.04 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

pH --------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.75 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act, for a source withinthe bar soaps subcategory which is anIndustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants to navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter exceptthat for the purposes of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth inI 128.131, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into a pub-licly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.74 of this chapter; provided That, if thepublicly owned treatment works which re-ceives the pollutants Is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart H-Manufacture of Liquid SoapsSubcategory

§ 417.80 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of liquid soaps subcate-gory.

The provisions of this subpart areapplicable to discharges resulting fromthe blending of ingredient employed inthe manufacture of liquid soaps and thepackaging of the finished products.

§ 417.81 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:

(a) the term "anhydrous product"shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a wastewater amenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23,'" 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(c) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg"shall mean kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shallmean 1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shallmean pound(s); and (6) "TSS"

shall mean total suspended non-filterable solids.§ 417.82 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of bestpracticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

. Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- M aximum for any one day

0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb)..

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ------- Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/lO00 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg, of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.03 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/lO00 1b).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.83 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutantspollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by- a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- M aximum for any one day

COD ---------

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 b).

Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 Ib).

EffluentcharacteristicTS& -----

Oil andGrease.

pH -----------

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhiydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.84 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

Effluent-haracteristics Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 Ib/1000 lb).

TSS -------- Maximum for any one day0.01 kg,/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 ib).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 b).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.85 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the liquid soaps subcategorywhich is an industrial user of a publiclyowned treatment works (and whichwould-be a new source subject to section306 of the Act, if it were to dischargepollutants to navigable waters), shall bethe standard set forth In Part 128 of this

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chapter except that for the purposes ofhis section, § 128.133 of this chapter shallbe amended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin 5 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced Into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specifiedin § 417.84 of this chapter, Provided, That,if the publicly owned treatment workswhich receives the pollutants Is committed,in its NPDES permit, to remove a specifiedpercentage of any incompatible pollutant,the pretreatment standard applicable tousers of such treatment works shall be cor-respondingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart I-Oleum Sulfonation andSulfation Subcategory

§ 417.90 Applicability; description ofolcum sulfonation and sulfation sub-category.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from themanufacture of sulfonic acid and sul-furic acid esters by means of sulfonationand sulfation of raw material, includingbut not limited to petroleum derivedalkyls, employing oleum in either con-tinuous or batch processes.

§ 417.91 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analyti-cal Quality Control Laboratory, page131.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.92 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 --------

COD ........

TSS .........

Surfactants-_-

Oil andGrease.

pH

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.93 Effluent limitations guiJelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluent Effluent limitationcharacteristicBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD ---------

TSS ----------

0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous,product (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.27 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.27 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days(0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/lO00 Ib).

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationSurfactants_. Maximum for any one day

0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period 9fthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.21 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.21 lb/1000 Ib).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07.kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.94 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable throughapplication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alterna-tives, including, where practicable, astandard permitting no discharge of pol-lutants by a new point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 --------

COD ........

TSS ---------

Surfactants_ .

Oil andGrease.

pH

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period of -

thirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

-Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.12 kg/kkg of iinhydrousproduct (0.12 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.95 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a source

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5272

within the oleum sulfonation and sulfa-tion subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants tonavigable waters), shall be the standardset forth in Part 128 of this chapter ex-cept that for the purposes of thissection, § 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.181, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced Into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specifiedin § 417.94 of this chapter;, provided That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants Is committed, inits INPDES permit, to remove a specifiedpercentage of any incompatible pollutant,the pretreatment standard applicable tousers of such treatment works shall be cor-respondingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart J-Air S03 Sulfation andSulfonation Subcategory

§ 417.100 Applicability; description ofair S03 sulfation and sulfonationsubcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from themanufacture of sulfonic acid and sul-furic acid esters by means of sulfationand sulfonation employing air and-sulfurtrioxide SO3, in either continuous orbatch processes.

§ 417.101 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed In "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analyti-cal Quality Control Laboratory, page131.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "b" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-fiterable solids.

§ 417.102 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants or

PROPOSED RULES

pollutant properties which may be dis-charged after applca1ion of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point souree subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day3.60 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (3.60 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.35 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0,09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants___ -Maximum for any one day0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrous

Within the range of 6.0 toproduct (0.15 lb/1000 1Y).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

pH..----------Within the. range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.103 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orPollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachieyable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5------- laximum for any one day

0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.19 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.19 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day1.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.55 kg/kkg of-anhydrousproduct (0.55 lb/1000 ib).

EffluenteharacteristicTSS ........

Surfactants_

Oil andGrease.

pH.........

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.86 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.86 lb/lO00 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.18 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.18 lb/l000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.104 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofefuent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 -------

COD ----------

TSS .........

Surfactants--

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.18 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduc (0.18 lb/l00 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.80 lb/l000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0,05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.18 kg/kkg of anhydrous,product (0,18 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.09 kg/kkg of anbydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

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PROPOSED RULES

EffluentcharacteristicOil and

Grease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.04 kg/khg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.105 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the air S03 sulfation and sulfona-tion subcategory which is an industrialuser of a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source sub-ject to section 306 of the Act, if it wereto discharge pollutants to navigablewaters), shall be the standard set forthin Part 128 of this chapter except thatfor rhe purposes of this section, § 128.133of this chapter shall be amended to readas follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin 1 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in1417.102 of this chapter, Provideid, That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNP1D8 permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch freatnent works shall be correspond-ngly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart K-S03 Solvent and VacuumSulfonation Subcategory

§ 417.110 Applicability; description ofS03 solvent and vacuum sulfonationsubcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from op-erations in which undiluted 803 and anorganic reactant are fed through a mix-ing nozzle into a vacuum reactor wherethe sulfonation of the organic reactanttakes place.

§ 417.111 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.(c) the term "surfactant" shall mean

those methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis f Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analy-tical Quality Control Laboratory, page131.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meaning: (1) ' BOD5"shall mean five day biochemical oxygendemand; (2) "COD" shall mean chemi-cal oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shall mean

kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean 1000kilograms; (5) "b" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

417.112 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently aVailable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practi-cable control technology currently avail-able by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluent Effluentcharacteristic limitation

BOD5 ------- M Maximum for any one day0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 Ib).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day1.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.35 lb/1000 ib).

TSS--- ------ Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants--. Maximum for any one day0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.08 lb/000 Ib).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg bf anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

-.. -Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.113 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which- may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 ------- Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/lO00 lb).

EffluentcharacteristicCOD -------

TSS ----------

Surfactants_-.

Oil andGrease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximu for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/lO00 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/lO00 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.114 Standards of performancefor new sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBODS -......

COD ---------

Surfactants_..

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum averAge of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anlydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

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PROPOSED RULES

EffluentcharacteristicOil and

Grease.

pH.........

§417.115 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the S03 solvent and vacuum sul-fonation subcategory which is an indus-trial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants tonavigable waters), shall be the standardset forth in Part 128 of this chapterexcept that for the purposes of thissection, § 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.114 of this chapter; provided That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment work shall be correspondinglyreduced for that pollutant.

Subpart L-Sulfamic Acid SulfationSubcategory

§ 417.120 Applicability; description ofsulfamic acid sulfation subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting fromoperations in which sulfamic acid is em-ployed as the sulfating agent.

§ 417.121 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMvStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene'blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971,Environmental Protection Agency,Analytical Quality Control Laboratory,page 131.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meaning: (1) "BOD5"shall mean five day biochemical oxygendemand; (2) "COD" shall mean chem-ical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shall meankilogram(s); (4) "qkg" shall mean 1000kilograms; (5) "Ib" shall mean pound(s);

cable control technology currently avaia-able by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluent

characteristic- --D5...

COD ........

S urfactants.

Oil andgrease.

pH ----------

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.46 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum for any one day1.90 kg/kkg of Anhydrousproduct (1.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.35 kg/Ickg of anhydrousproduct (1.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.123 Effluent - limitations guide-lines representing the degree of ef-fluent reduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

The following limitations .cdnstitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 ------ Maximum for any one day

0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/O00 1b).

and (6) "TSS" shall mean total sus-Effluent limitation pended non-fiterable solids.

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrous §417.122 V ffluent limitations guidelinesproduct (0.04 lb/OO lb). representing the degree of effluent

Maximum average of daily reduction attainable by the applica-values for any period of tion of the best practicable controlthirty consecutive days technology currently available.0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous The following limitations constituteproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb). •

Within the range of 6.0 2-the quantity or quality of pollutants or9.0. pollutant properties which may be dis-

9.0 O!-. 1- LZ _P

EffluentcharacteristicCOD ........

TSS ----------

Surfactants_.

Oil andgrease.

pH.-........

§ 417.124 Standards of performancefor new soures.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic

BOD5 -.----

COD ---------

TSS ---------

Surfactants__

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/100 lb).

Maximum average of dallyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.80 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousgoduct (0.01 lb/000 lb).

m um for any one day0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

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35274

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/100 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

- PROPOSED RULES

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationOil and Maximum for any one day

Grease. 0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

pH --------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.125 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the sulfamic acid sulfation sub-category which is an industrial user of apublicly owned treatment works (andwhich would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to navigable waters),shall be the standard set forth in Part128 of this chapter except that for thepurposes of this'section, § 128.133 of thischapter shall be amended to read asfollows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthIn I 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.124 of this chapter; provided, That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to usersof such treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart M-Chlorosulfonic Acid SulfationSubcategory

F 417.130 Applicability; description ofchlorosulfonic acid sulfation sub-category,

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from sul-fation of alcohols, alkylphenols and alco-hol ethoxylates utilizing chlorosulfonlcacid as sulfating agent.

§ 417.131 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramendable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(c) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analyti-cal Quality Control Laboratory, page 131.(d) the following abbreviations shall

have the following meaning: () "BOD5"shall mean five day biochemical oxygendemand; (2) "COD" shall mean chemi-cal oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shall meankilogram(s); (4) "kg" shall mean 1000

kilograms; (5) "lb" shall mean pound(s) ;and (6) "TSS" shall mean total sus-pended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.132 Effluent limitations guide-lines representing the degree of ef-fluent reduction attainable by the ap-plication of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practi-cable control technology currently avail-able by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic

BOD5 -........

COD .........

TSS.-----

Surfactants_--

Oil andGrease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 b).

Maximum average of dailyvalue for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day1.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 1b/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrous

Maximum average of daily.values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.133 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available teelmologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day0.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

EffluentcharacteristicCOD ........

Surfactants_.

Oil andGrease.

PH ----------

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

1.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.50 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period oXthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.134 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffuent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

characteristicBOD5 ---------

COD ---------

Surfactants_-

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day1.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.25 lb/1000 lb),

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 1b).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

35275

PROPOSED RULES

EffluentcharacteristicOil and

Grease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrbusproduct (0.06 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to-9.0.

§417.135 Pretreatment standards for

new sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the chlorosulfonic acid sulfationsubcategory which is an industrial userof a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source sub-ject to section 306 of the Act, if it wereto discharge pollutants to navigablewaters), shall be the standard set forthin Part 128 of this chapter except thatfor the purposes of this section, § 128.133of this chapter shall be amended to readas follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.131, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.134 of this chapter; provided That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to usersof such treatment works shall be corre-spondingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart N-Neutralization of Sulfuric AcidEsters and Sulfonic Acids Subcategory

§ 417.140 Applicability; description ofneutralization of sulfuric acid estersand sulfonic acids subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting fromcontinuous or batch neutralization ofsulfated, and sulfonated alkylbenzenes,alcohols and other materials to convertthem to neutral salts.

§ 417.141 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for. ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971,Environmental Protection Agency, Ana-lytical Quality Control Laboratory, page131.

(e) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the method

described in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, Standard

D1783-70, page 445.(d) the following abbreviations shall

have the following meaning:

(1) "BOD5" shall mean five day bio-

chemical oxygen demand; (2) "COD"

shall mean chemical oxygen demand;

(3) "kg" shall mean kilogram(s); (4)"kkg" shall mean 1000 kilogram(s); (5)"lb" shall mean pound(s); and (6)"TSS" shall mean total suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.142 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 --------

COD --------

TSS .........

Surfactants_.

Oil andGrease.

pH ----------

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximumi average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.143 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economically achie-vable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 - ...... Maximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationCOD --------- Maximum for any one day

0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants--- Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.144 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable throughapplication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD ----------

TSS ----------

Surfactants_.

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of a=hydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyValues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

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PROPOSED RULES

Efflentcharacteristic Effluent limitationOil and Maximum for any one day

Grease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/l000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 t-90

§417.145 Pretreatment standards fan"new sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the neutralization of sulfuric acidesters and sulfonic acids subcategorywhich is an industrial user of a publiclyowned treatment works (and whichwould be a new source subject to section306 of the Act, if it were to dischargepollutants to navigable waters), shall bethe standard set forth in Part 128 of thischapter except that for the purposes ofthis section, § 128.133 of this chaptershall be amended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.131, the pretreatment standard for In-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in1 417.144 of this chapter; Proviqed That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart 0-Manufacture of Spray DriedDetergents Subcategory

§ 417.150 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of spray dried deter-gents subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from alloperations associated with the manufac-ture of spray dried detergents, includingbut not limited to assembly and storageof raw materials, crutching, spray dry-ing, blending, (including tumble spray-ing of additives) and packaging.§ 417.151 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water werd removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analyti-cal Quality Control Laboratory, page 131.

(c) the term "normal operation" of aspray drying tower shall mean operationutilizing low (or no) nonionic contentformulations with few associated airquality problems from stack gases, andwithout more than 6 turnarounds in a30-dav period, thus permitting completerecycle of all waste water.

(d) the term "air quality restrictedoperation" of a spray drying tower shall

mean an operation utilizing high non-ionic content formulations with the as-sociated need for wet scrubbing to main-tain the required quality of stack gases, ata rate which produces more waste waterthan can be recycled to process.

(e) the term "fast turnaround opera-tion" of a spray drying tower shall meanoperation involving more than 6 changesof formulation in a 30-day period thatare of such degree and type (e.g. highphosphate to no phosphate) as to requirecleaning of the tower to maintain mini-mal product quality.

(f) the term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(g) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meaning: (1) "BOD5"shall mean five day biochemical oxygendemand; (2) "COD" shall mean chemi-cal oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shall meankilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean 1000kilograms; (5) "lb" shall mean pound(s) ;(6) "TSS" shall mean total suspendednon-filterable solids.

§ 417.152 Effluent limitations guidelinsrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

(a) For normal operation of spray dry-ing towers as defined above, the follow-ing values pertain:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD ---------

TSS .........

Surfactants_..

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one dayo.Oa kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

EffluentcharacteristicOn and

Grease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to

(b) For air quality restricted opera-tions of a spray drying tower, but onlywhen a high rate of scrubbing is in op-eration which produces more water thancan be recycled to the process, the fol-lowing values pertain:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 .-----

COD ---------

TSS ----------

Surfactants___

Oil andGrease.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.12 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.12 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days025 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrouspr6duct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/l000 ib).

Maximum for any one day0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(c) For fast turnaround operation ofa spray tower, the following dischargesshall be allowed in addition to the ap-propriate values from either paragraph(a) or (b) of this section: the maximumfor any one day when the number ofturnarounds exceeds six in any particu-lar thirty day period shall be the sumof the appropriate value below and fromparagraph (a) or (b) of this section; andthe maximum average of daily values forany period of thirty days shall be thevalue shown* below multiplied by thenumber of turnarounds in excess of sixwithin the particular thirty day periodplus the appropriate value from para-graph (a) or(b) of this section.,

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

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PROPOSED RULES

Effluent

§ 417.153 *Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties Which may be dis-charged after application of the bestavailable technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this'subpart:

(a) For normal operation of spray dry-ing towers as definedi above, the follow-ing values pertain:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average, of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

characteristic Effluent limitationBODS -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lIb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrous -product (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

TSS --------. Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydro~usproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants__. Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for. any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/10O0 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/10001b).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0

propriate value from paragraph (a) or(b) of this section.

Effluent

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationSurfactants_. Maximum for any one day

0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(b) For air quality restricted opera-tions of a spray drying tower, but onlywhen a high rate of scrubbing is in op-eration which produces more water thancan be recycled to the process, the fol-lowing values pertain:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBODS -------- Maximum for any one day

0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.06 kg/kkg of anyhdrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ........ Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 Ib).

Surfactants_. Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.02 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(C) For fast turnaround operation ofa spray tower, the following dischargesshall be allowed in addition to the appro-priate values from either paragraph (a)or (b) of this section: the maximum forany one day when the number of turn-arounds exceeds six in any particularthirty day period shall be the sum of theappropriate value below and from para-graph (a) or (b) of this section; and themaximum average of daily values for anyperiod of thirty days shall be the valueshown below multiplied by the number ofturnarounds in excess of six within theparticular thirty day period plus the ap-

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.04 lb/1l00 Ib).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

35278

characteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues, for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/i000 lb).

Surfactants_. Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. (0.012 lb/lO0 lb).

0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.154 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

(a) For normal operation of spraydrying towers as defined above, the fol-lowing values pertain:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BODS -------- Maximum for any one day

COD .. ........

PROPOSED RULES

Effuentcharacteristic Effluent limitationTSS ---------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 ib).

Maximum average' of dailyvalues for any period of

'thirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactanta.. Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

pH ----------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(b) For air quality restricted opera-tions of a spray drying tower, but onlywhen a high rate of scrubbing is in op-eration which produces more water thancan be recycled to the process, the fol-lowing values pertain:

Effluent Effluent limitationcharacteristicBODS -------- Maximum for any one day

0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.35 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct 40.25 lb/1000 Ib).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 Ib/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 Ib).

Surfactants_. Maximum for any one day0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one daygrease, product (0.02 lb/l000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

(C) For fast turnaround operation ofa spray tower the following dischargesshall be allowed in addition to the ap-propriate values from either paragraph(a) or (b) of this section: the maximumfor any one day when the number ofturnarounds exceeds six in any particu-

Iar thirty day period shall be the sum ofthe appropriate value below and fromparagraph (a) or (b) of this section; andthe maximum average of daily valuesfor any period of thirty days shall be thevalue shown below multiplied by thenumber of turnarounds in excess of sixwithin the particular thirty day periodplus the appropriate value from para-graph (a) or (b) of this section.

Effluentcharacteristic

BOD5 --------

COD ---------

TSS -----

Surfactants_.-

Oil andGrease.

pH ..--------

Effluentlimitation

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 11/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.155 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the manufacture of spray drieddetergents subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants to navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter, exceptthat for the purposes of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.131, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.15A of this chapter: Provided That, ifthed publicly owned treatment works whichreceivee the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any ncompatible pollutant, the.pretreatment standard applicable to users of

such treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart P--Manufacture of LiquidDetergents Subcategory

§ 417.160 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of liquid detergentssubcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from alloperations associated with the manufac-ture of liquid detergents, commencingwith the blending of ingredients, to andincluding bottling or packaging finishedproducts.§ 417.161 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, En-vironmental Protection Agency, Analyt-ical Quality Control Laboratory, page 131.

(c) the term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTM.Standards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meaning: (1) "BOD5"shall mean five day biochemical oxygendemand; (2) "COD" shall mean chemicaloxygen demand; (3) "kg" shall meankilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean 1000kilograms; (5) "ib" shall mean pound(s);and (6) "TSS" shall mean total sus-pended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.162 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practi-cable control technology currently avail-able by a point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 --------- Maximum for any one day

COD ---------

7W ----------

0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/l000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.90 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.90 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.60 kg/kkt of anhydrousproduct (0.60 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty -consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 1I).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

35279

PR6P6sE6 RULES

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationSurfactants_. Maximum for any one day

0.25 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.25 lb/000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.13 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.18 lb/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

pH. ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.163 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which- may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharactertitc Effluent limitationBOD -------- Maximum for any one day

0.12 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.12 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.45 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.45 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.22 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.22 lb/1000 lb).

TSS --------- Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct 0.005 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants_. Maximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 Ib).

pH ---------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.164 Standards of performance for. new sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree of

effluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes,operating methods, or other alternatives,Including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 .-....

COD --------

TSS ----------

Surfactants_..

Oil andGrease.

pH

Effluent limitationsMaximum for any one day

0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.22 kg/kg of anhydrousproduct (0.22 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000lb).

Maximum for any one day0.09 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.09 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/10GOlb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§417.165 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the manufacture of liquid deter-gents subcategory which is an industrialuser of a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source sub-ject to section 306 of the Act, if it wereto discharge pollutants to navigablewaters), shall be the standard set forthin Part 128 of this chapter exCelt thatfor the purposes of this section, § 128.133of this chapter shall be amended to readas follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forth in§ 128.131, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into a pub-licly owned treatmentworks by a major con-tributing industry shall be the standard ofperformance for new sources specified in§ 417.164 of this chapter; Provided That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart Q-Manufacture of Detergents by-Dry Blending Subcategory

§ 417.170 Applicability; 'description ofmanufacture of detergents by dryblending subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting fromoperations associated with the manufac-ture of detergents by means of theblending of dry ingredients; including,but not limited to blending and subse-quent packaging.§ 417.171 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971,Environmental Protection Agency, Ana-lytical Quality Control Laboratory, page131.

(c) The term "oil and grease" shallmean those components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTM Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s); (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.§ 417.172 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechmology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or 'quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBODS -------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- M aximum for any one day0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days(0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

TSS --------- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 246-WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1973

391'86

,PROPOSED RULES

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationSurfactants__. Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

pH -------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.173 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD --------- Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ---------- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of aifhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 1b).

Surfactants... Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

p ..---------- Within the range of 6.9-0.0.§ 417.174 Standards of performance

for new sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree of

effluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes, op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 ---------

COD ----------

TSS ........

Surfactants___-

Oil andGrease.

pH .........

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 11).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.07 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.07 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0,02 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 11/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.005 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.005 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§417.175 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the manufacture of detergents bydry blending subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subject to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants to navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chaper exceptthat for the purposes of this section,§ 128.133 of this ch6.pter shall beamended to read as-follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.174 of this chapter; Provided That, ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants Is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart R-Manufacture of Drum DriedDetergents Subcategory

§ 417.180 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of drum dried deter-gents subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from op-erations associated with the manufactureof detergents by drum drying, including,but not limited to, drying of formulationson heated drums or rollers, conversion ofdried detergents to powder or flakes, andpackaging of finished products.

§ 417.181 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:For the purpose of this subpart:(a) The term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Water and Wastes," 1971,Environmental. Protection Agency,Analytical Quality Control Laboratory,page 131.

(c) The term "oil & grease" shall meanthose components of a waste wateramenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "1972 Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Part 23," 1972, StandardD1783-70, page 445.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilograms; (5) "lb" shall meanpounds(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.182 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best practic-able control technology currently avail-able by a point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -........ Maximum for any one day

OOD ---------

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 11/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 11,/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.08 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.08 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1O00 1b).

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PROPOSED RULES

Effluentcharacteristic. Effluent limitationTSS --------- Maximum for any one day

0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 1b).

Surfactants __ Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/10O NO).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.02 lb/1000 1b).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofSthirty consecutive days

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 1b).

p -------- Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.183 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may bedischarged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 ....... Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anlhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

COD -------- Maximum for any one day0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

TSS ----- Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 1b/1000 Ib).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.01 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 Ib/1000 Ib).

pH ------ - Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.184 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may bedischarged reflecting the greatest de-gree of effluent reduction achievablethrough application of the best avail-able demonstrated control technology,processes, operating methods, or otheralternatives, including, where practi-cable, a standard permitting no dischargeof pollutants by a new point source sub-ject to the provisions of this subpart:

EffluentcharacteristicBOD5 -------

COD --------

TSS ---------

Surfactante _

Oil andGrease.

pH.........

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.06 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.06 lb/1000 b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.05 kglkkg of anhydrousproduct (0.05 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 1b).

Maximum for any one day0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.01 1b/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.185 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards unidersection 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the drum dried detergents sub-category which is an industrial user ofa publicly owned treatment works (andwhibh would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to navigable waters),shall be the standard set forth in Part128 of this chapter except that for thepurposes of this section, § 128.133 of thischapter shall be amended to read as fol-lows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced Into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing Industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified In§ 417.184, of this chapter provided, That, Ifthe publicly owned treatment works which

receives the pollutants Is committed, inIts NPDES permit, to remove a specified per-centage of any incompatible pollutant, thepretreatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be correspond-Ingly reduced for that pollutant.

Subpart S-Manufacture of Detergent Barsand Cakes Subcategory

§ 417.190 Applicability; description ofmanufacture of detergent bars andcakes subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-plicable to discharges resulting from op-erations associated with the manufactureof detergent bars and cakes, including,but not limited to, drying, milling, plod-ding, stamping and packaging.

§ 417.191 Specialized definitions.For the purpose of this subpart:(a) the term "anhydrous product"

shall mean the theoretical product thatwould result if all water were removedfrom the actual product.

(b) the term "surfactant" shall meanthose methylene blue active substancesamenable to measurement by the methoddescribed in "Methods for Chemical An-alysis of Water and Wastes," 1971, Envi-ronmental Protection Agency, AnalyticalQuality Control Laboratory, page 131.

(c) The term "oil & grease" shallmean those components of a. waste wa-ter amenable to measurement by themethod described in "1972 Annual Bookof ASTI Standards, Part 23," 1972,Standard D1783-70, page 445.

(d) the following abbreviations shallhave the following meanings: (1)"BOD5" shall mean five day biochemicaloxygen demand; (2) "COD" shall meanchemical oxygen demand; (3) "kg" shallmean kilogram(s) ; (4) "kkg" shall mean1000 kilogram(s); (5) "lb" shall meanpound(s); and (6) "TSS" shall meantotal suspended non-filterable solids.

§ 417.192 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of best prac-ticable control technology currentlyavailable by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart:

Effluent-characteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD -------

1.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.70 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.70 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day4.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (4.50 Ib/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days3.3 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (3.3 lb/1000 lb).

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PROPOSED RULES

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationTSS Maximum for any one day

0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.80 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Surfactants-. Maximum for any one day0.75 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.75 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.50 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.50 lb/1000 lb).

Oil and Maximum for any one dayGrease. 0.04 kg/kkg of anhydrous

product (0.04 lb/1000 lb).Maximum average of daily

values for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

pH ..---------- within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.193 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applicavtion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitation

BOD5 -...... Maximum for any one day0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 Ib).

COD ------.- Maximum for any one day1.55 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.55 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.85 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.35 lb/1000 Ib).

EffluentcharacteristicTSS ----------

Surfactants_..

Oil andGrease.

pH.........

EffluentEffluent limitation characten

Maximum for any one day TSS -----0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.01 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day Surfactan0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

'Maximum for any one day Oil and0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrous Grease.product (0.03 lb/1000 ib).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to pH.9.0.

§ 417.194 Standards of performance fornew sources.

The following limitations constitutethe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties which may be dis-charged reflecting the greatest degree ofeffluent reduction achievable through ap-plication of the best available demon-strated control technology, processes; op-erating methods, or other alternatives,including, where practicable, a standardpermitting no discharge of pollutants bya new point source subject to the pro-visions of this subpart:

Effluentcharacteristic Effluent limitationBOD5 -------- Maximum for any one day

COD .........

0.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 Ib).

Maximum for any one day1.40 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (1.40 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days1.35 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (.1.35 lb/1000 lb).

* ti

its__.

Effluent limitationMaximum for any one day

0.15 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.15 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.10 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.10 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.30 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.30 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailyvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.20 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.20 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum for any one day0.03 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.03 lb/1000 lb).

Maximum average of dailytvalues for any period ofthirty consecutive days0.02 kg/kkg of anhydrousproduct (0.02 lb/1000 lb).

Within the range of 6.0 to9.0.

§ 417.195 Pretreatment standards fornew sources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act, for a sourcewithin the manufacture of detergent barsand cakes subcategory which is an in-dustrial user of a publicly owned treat-ment works (and which would be a newsource subjeot to section 306 of the Act,if it were to discharge pollutants to navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter exceptthat for the purposes of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows:

In addition to the prohibitions set forthin § 128.131, the pretreatment standard forincompatible pollutants introduced Into apublicly owned treatment works by a majorcontributing industry shall be the standardof performance for new sources specified in§ 417.194, of this chapter: Provided, That ifthe publicly owned treatment works whichreceives the pollutants Is committed, in itsNPDES permit, to remove a specified percent-age of any incompatible pollutant, the pre-treament standard applicable to users of suchtreatment works shall be correspondinglyreduced for that pollutant.

[FR Doc.73-26700 Filed 12-21-73; 8:45 am]

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