environmental product declaration · this report represents 1 meter square (1 m2) of finished...

NOX Corporation 5F, Yoonil Bldg. 336, Hyoryeong-ro,

Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06721, Korea

PRODUCT

NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+

MODEL

This EPD includes all products in NOX Design LVT Flooring / Orchid+

line of vinyl flooring products. Product is available in 2.0, 2.5 and 3 mm

options.

FUNCTIONAL UNIT 1m² of Flooring. The lifetime of the product is 30 years under a moderate

use scenario in commercial, residential and/or industrial interiors.

The time horizon of this assessment is 60 years .

EPD NUMBER AND PERIOD OF VALIDITY SCS-EPD-03972 Beginning Date: May 3, 2016 - End Date: May 2, 2021

PRODUCT CATEGORY RULE Product Category Rule (PCR) for preparing an Environmental Product

Declaration (EPD) for Flooring: Carpet, Resilient, Laminate, Ceramic, Wood.

NSF International. Version 2. 2014.

PROGRAM OPERATOR:

2000 Powell Street, Ste. 600, Emeryville, CA 94608

+1.510.452.8000 | www.SCSglobalServices.com

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

2

Environmental Product Declaration NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+

Disclaimers: This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) conforms to ISO 14025, 14040, ISO 14044, and ISO 21930.

Scope of Results Reported: The PCR requirements limit the scope of the LCA metrics such that the results exclude environmental and social performance benchmarks and thresholds, and exclude impacts from the depletion of natural resources, land use ecological impacts, ocean impacts related to greenhouse gas emissions, risks from hazardous wastes and impacts linked to hazardous chemical emissions.

Accuracy of Results: Due to PCR constraints, this EPD provides estimations of potential impacts that are inherently limited in terms of accuracy.

Comparability: The PCR this EPD was based on was not written to support comparative assertions. EPDs based on different PCRs, or different calculation models, may not be comparable. When attempting to compare EPDs or life cycle impacts of products from different companies, the user should be aware of the uncertainty in the final results, due to and not limited to, the practitioner’s assumptions, the source of the data used in the study, and the specifics of the product modeled.

PCR review, was conducted byThomas P. Gloria, PhD., Industrial Ecology Associates,

[email protected]

Approved Date: May 3, 2016 - End Date: May 2, 2021

Independent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO 14025:2006 and ISO 21930:2007. internal external

Third party verifier

Table of ContentsProduct and Company Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cover

Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Product Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Material Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Production of Main Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Product Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Life Cycle Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Product Life Cycle Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Reported EPD Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Life Cycle Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Life Cycle Impact Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Supporting Technical Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

a

Aditi Suresh, SCS Global Services

© 2016 SCSglobalServices.com 3


PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:This report represents 1 meter square (1 m2) of finished Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT). It is manufactured in South Korea and

shipped to the US for distribution and disposal. The product is sold under the NOX Design LVT Flooring and Orchid+ brand

names by NOX Corporation.

Products sold by NOX Corporation are available in 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mm thicknesses.

PRODUCT PERFORMANCE

Table 1. Product Performance Characteristics for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+.

Characteristic Test Method Results or Description

Thickness ASTM F386 0.119”

Shore hardness ASTM D2240 -

Abrasion ASTM D3389 -

Dimension Stability ASTM F2199 0.0075”/lin. ft.

Slip Resistance ASTM D2394 -

Static Load ASTM F970 0.005” (under 2000 psi)

Flexibility ASTM F137 Passes

Residual Indentation ASTM F1914 3.4%

Heat Resistance ASTM F1514 2.881

Light Resistance ASTM F1515 1.913

Resistance to Chemicals ASTM F925 Passes

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PRODUCT APPLICATIONS Vinyl tile used in indoor commercial applications in a variety of industries, including retail, hospitality and healthcare. NOX

Design LVT Flooring is warrantied for medium to heavy commercial applications and can be installed over all types of

subfloors, including natural wood, concrete, one layer of existing vinyl, ceramic and uneven subfloors. Flooring provides

durability, performance and aesthetic appeal to building interiors.

MATERIAL CONTENTTable 2. Material content table, NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+ 2mm, 2.5 mm and 3mm.

Component Materials Mass % (2.0 mm)

Mass % (2.5 mm)

Mass % (3.0 mm)

AvailabilityOrigin of Raw

MaterialsRenewable Non-Renewable Recycled

PVCRecycled

PVC Compound

35% 38.4% 29.2% - -100%

Recycled Content

Global

FillerCalcium

Carbonate 29.10% 28.7% 30.0% - Non-Renewable - Global

PVCSuspension

PVC Polymer

26.10% 23.7% 30.6% - Non-Renewable - Global

Plasticizer DOTP 7.8% 7.1% 8.6% - Non-Renewable - Global

StabilizerProprietary Formulation 1.5% 1.5% 1.3% - Non-

Renewable - Global

Others below 1%

Proprietary Formulation 0.5% 0.6% 0.3% - Non-

Renewable - Global

No undisclosed materials are required to be listed based on the reporting criteria of section 4.1 of the PCR.

PRODUCTION OF MAIN MATERIALS Recycled PVC: Polyvinyl chloride from recycled post and pre-consumer resources. Recycled stock is collected and then

separated through mechanical and chemical processes. Material is then extruded into PVC pellets to be used in the

product.

Virgin PVC: Thermoplastic polymer of vinyl chloride. The majority of production is derived from Ethylene, which is sourced

from the oil and gas industry.

Plasticizer: Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP): Organic compound produced from terephthalic acid and ethylhexanol. Utilized

to increase the flexibility of PVC raw material.

Stabilizer: Common stabilizers used in the vinyl tile industry tend to be produced primarily from zinc, calcium and tin.

Filler: Material added to product to assure dimensional stability. Predominately calcium carbonate.



PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS:Table 3. Product performance characteristics for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.0mm.

Characteristics Average Value Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value

Product Thickness2.0

(0.08”)mm

(inch)2.15 (0.08)

1.85 (0.07)

Wear Layer Thickness0.20

(0.01”)mm

(inch)0.22

(0.01”)0.18

(0.01”)

Average Product Weight3,320 (10.88)

g/m2 (oz/ft2)

3,750 (12.29)

2,290 (9.8)

Product Form:

Planks

Width:152 (6.0)

mm (inch)

152.55 (6.01)

152.25 (5.99)

Length:1.2

(3.94’)m

(feet)1.2

(3.94’) 1.2

(3.93’)

Tiles Dimension457.2 x 457.2

(18” x 18”)mm

(inch) 457.65 x 457.65 (18.02” x 18.02”)

456.75 x 456.75 (17.98” x 17.98”)

VOC Emissions Test Method CDPH/EHLB Standard Method v1.1 - 2010

Additional Characteristics According to NSF/ANSI 332 None

Sustainable Certifications Floorscore® IAQ Certification

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Table 4. Product performance characteristics for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.5mm.



(0.010”)mm

(inch)2.65 (0.10)

2.35 (.09)

Wear Layer Thickness0.25 (.01”)

mm (inch)

0.27 (0.01”)

.23 (.01”)


g/m2 (oz/ft2)

5,190 (17.01)

4,140 (13.57)

Product Form:

Planks

Width:180

(7.09)mm

(inch)180.18 (7.09)

179.82 (7.08)

Length:1.2

(3.94’)m

(feet)1.2

(3.94’) 1.2

(3.93’)


(36” x 36”)mm

(inch) 915.31 x 915.31 (36.04” x 36.04”)

913.49 x 913.49 (35.96” x 35.96”)




Table 5. Product performance characteristics for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 3.0 mm.



(0.12”)mm

(inch)3.15 (0.12)

2.85 (0.11)

Wear Layer Thickness0.3

(0.01”)mm

(inch)0.32

(0.01”)0.28

(0.01”)


g/m2 (oz/ft2)

5,670 (18.58)

4,520 (14.81)

Product Form:

Planks

Width:152.4 (6.0)

mm (inch)

152.55 (6.01)

152.25 (5.99)

Length:1.22 (4.0’)

m (feet)

1.22 (4.0’)

1.22 (4.0’)


(12” x 24”)mm

(inch) 305.01 x 610.2 (12.01” x 24.02”)

304.5 x 609 (11.99” x 23.98”)






LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: The underlying LCA for this EPD includes the Sourcing/Extraction, Manufacturing, Delivery and Installation, Use, and End-

of-Life phases, as defined by the product category PCR. The LCA was confirmed to be in conformance to ISO14040/ISO

14044 through independent review by SCS.

Sourcing andExtraction

Transportation Energy

Manufacturing

End-of-Life

Delivery and Installation

Note: Some reclamation or recycling optionsmay exist at the end of the life of the product. However, for the purposes of the LCA, we have conservatively assumed all material is sent to a landfill.

Manufacturing

Use of Product

Installation

Use and Maintenance

Landfill

Water Waste Outputs

Neutral Detergent

Glass FiberProduction

Corrugated Board Production

Polyurethane Production

Polyethylene Film Processing

Virgin PVC Extraction& Processing

Recycled PVC Collection and Processing

Plasticiser Extraction and Processing

CaCo3 Filler Extraction and Processing

Stabilizer Extractionand Processing

Water

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Description of Functional Unit This report represents 1 meter square (1 m2) of finished Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT). The lifetime of the product is assumed to be 30 years, although the actual lifetime of the product may vary due to floor traffic, maintenance program and aesthetics. As required by the Product Category Rules, the time horizon of this assessment is 60 years.

Cut-off criteria Material inputs greater than 1% (based on total mass of the final product) were included within the scope of analysis. Material inputs less than 1% were included if sufficient data was available to warrant inclusion and/or the material input was thought to have significant environmental impact. Cumulative excluded material inputs and environmental impacts are less than 5%, based on weight of the functional unit.

System boundaries The system boundaries include sourcing/extraction stage, manufacturing stage, delivery and installation stage, use stage and end of life stage. Primary data are used for the manufacturing, delivery, installation and use stages. Secondary data are used for sourcing/extraction and the end of life stage. Waste for installation and end of life landfilled.

Major assumptions used in the assessment include:

§§ Generic zinc dataset is an appropriate substitution for the proprietary formulation of stabilizer.

§§ DINP dataset is an appropriate substitution for DOTP dataset.

§§ Use phase scenarios developed using industry wide data are representative of the use of NOX Corporation

products in the marketplace.

§§ China based energy sources are appropriate substitutions for Korean energy sources.

§§ For the materials with recycled content, it is assumed that in instances where data is not available regarding

the collection and processing of recycled materials, that the material’s virgin equivalent is an appropriate

substitution for the recycled pathway. The virgin pathway is considered a conservative (i.e has higher embedded

impacts) estimation of the recycled pathway.



Allocation Where possible allocation was avoided. However, when allocation was used, it was calculated on a physical basis. For example, primary energy was allocated based on physical units of production measured in square meters. Allocated raw material inputs were checked against outputs of the manufacturing unit process using a mass balance calculation. Also of relevance to the study is the method in which recycled materials were handled. Throughout the study recycled materials were accounted for via the cut-off method. Under this method, impacts and benefits associated with the previous life of a raw material from recycled stock are excluded from the system boundary. All upstream collection, transportation and reprocessing of recycled materials to to be used in the product are included.

Background Data Unit processes were developed with Gabi version 6.107, drawing upon data from multiple sources. Primary data were provided by NOX Corporation. The primary sources of secondary LCI data were: GaBi Databases.

Table 6. Background data sources table.

Material Data Source Date

Suspension PVC Polymer US: Polyvinylchloride granulate (Suspension, S-PVC) PE 2012

DOTP Plasticiser DE: Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) PE 2012

Filler (CaCO3) US: Limestone flour (5mm) PE 2012

Stabiliser GLO: Special high grade zinc ELCD/IZA 2012

Pigment Below cut-off level N/A

Polyurethane Coating US: Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, TPE-U) adhesive PE 2012

Glass Fibre US: Glass fibres PE 2012

Recycle PVC Compound US: Plastic recycling (unspecified, high metal contamination) PE <p-agg> 2012

Closed Loop PVC Internal Closed Loop PVC <u-so> 2014

Pallets US: Rough green lumber, softwood, at sawmill, US PNW USLCI/PE 2009

Cardboard Box EU-27: Corrugated board incl. paper production, average composition 2012 PE/FEFCO [p-agg] 2013

Plastics film and bands US: Polyethylene film (LDPE/PE-LD) PE 2012

Down Stream Transportation GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo 2012

Fuel of Transportation CN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010

Natural Gas for production CN: Thermal energy from natural gas PE 2010

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Table 6. Background data sources table (continued).

Material Data Source Date

Diesel for production CN: Diesel mix at filling station PE 2010

Electricity for production CN: Electricity grid mix PE 2010

Process Water for Production EU-27: Process water PE 2012

Shipping Waste to Landfill GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo 2012,

Landfill of waste US: Landfilling of plastic waste PE <p-agg> 2012

Fuel to ship waste to Landfill CN: Diesel mix at filling station PE 2010

Upstream Transportation from factory to port GLO: Truck-Trilor, diesel driven, Euro 3, cargo 2012

Upstream ocean bound shipping to US GLO: Container ship PE <u-so> 2012

Shipping from port to storage and installation site. US: Truck - Trailer, basic enclosed / 45,000 lb payload - 8b PE <u-so> 2012

Fuel for Upstream Transportation from factory to port CN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010

Fuel for Ocean Bound shipping CN:Diesel mix at filling station 2010

Fuel shipping from port to storage and installation site. US: Diesel mix at refinery PE 2010

Polyurethane US: Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, TPE-U) adhesive PE 2012

EVA US: Ethylene Vinylacetate Copolymer (E/VA) (72% Ethylene, 28% Vinylacetate) PE 2012,

Water US: Water deionized PE 2012,

Shipping installation materials to landfill US: Truck - Trailer, basic enclosed / 45,000 lb payload - 8b PE <u-so> 2012,

Landfilling of installation materials US: Landfilling of plastic waste PE <p-agg> 2012

Water for Cleaning over lifetime US: Water deionized PE 2012

Electricity for Cleaning over lifetime US: Electricity grid mix (egrid) (production mix) 2010

Detergent GLO: Detergent (fatty acid sulfonate derivate); technology mix; production mix, at producer; PE 2012

Municipal Waste water treatment from cleaning and maintenance US: Municipal waste water treatment (mix) PE 2012

Shipping from installation site to landfill at EOL US: Truck - Trailer, basic enclosed / 45,000 lb payload - 8b PE <u-so> 2012

Landfilling US: Landfilling of plastic waste PE <p-agg> 2012

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Data quality and data quality assessment

Table 7. Data Quality of Life Cycle Inventory Table.

Data Quality Parameter Data Quality Discussion

Time-Related Coverage: Age of data and the minimum length of time over which data should be collected

Overall time coverage of all datasets is excellent and meets the requirement of the PCR that no background data is older than 10 years.

Geographical Coverage: Geographical area from which data for unit processes should be collected to satisfy the goal of the study

Manufacturing geographic coverage of background data is poor. This is due to the limited life cycle based data coming from South Korea. The Geographic coverage of non-manufacturing related datasets is good. Most downstream processes are specific to the United States where better industry wide LCA data is available.

Technology Coverage: Specific technology or technology mix

Overall technological coverage is good and represents best available data for company specific value chain.

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT STAGES AND REPORTED EPD INFORMATION

Sourcing/extraction (raw material acquisition) stage

This stage includes the extraction of virgin materials from the earth and the initial processing of extracted material by raw

material suppliers. For materials from recycled feedstock, the collection, sorting and reprocessing of these materials is

included. Shipping of processed raw materials to the site of packaging is included, as are packaging materials required for

shipping.

Manufacturing stage

This stage of the life cycle begins when the raw materials are received at the manufacturing facility. Production is

completed when the final product is packaged for shipping to the customer. Energy sources utilized in production include

both electrical and thermal energy. Water is also utilized in the process. The use of packaging materials necessary to ship

the product to the customer is accounted for in this stage of the LCA.

Production waste

Production waste is minimized through reclamation and reuse of PVC waste generated in the manufacturing process.

Other materials are recycled through local recycling operations.

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Delivery and installation stage

Delivery

The delivery stage includes truck shipping of the finished product from Korean Manufacturing facility to nearest Korean

seaport (100 km), container vessel shipping from Korean port to US port (16000 km) and truck shipping to warehouse and

installation site (500 km).

Installation

Flooring is installed with a full spread adhesive. Recommended installation instruction can be found at:

http//www.noxprime.com/eng/information/info.asp

Waste

Waste created during the installation process can be recycled or disposed of through local waste handling options.

Transportation of waste is included in this stage.

Packaging

Table 8. Packaging Materials for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+.

Material Category

Cardboard Box Paper Product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Polyester Straps Plastic product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Polythene Wrap Plastic product, recyclable in most municipal markets.

Wood Wood product, likely recyclable.

Use Stage

Use of the flooring covering

The reference service life (RSL) of the product is 30 years under a moderate use scenario in commercial, residential and/or

industrial interiors.

Cleaning and maintenance

Manufacturer recommended cleaning procedures can be found at: http//www.noxprime.com/eng/information/info.asp

For the purposes of this EPD, a use scenario based on industry average was used. Cleaning inputs include a mild

detergent, electricity and water.

Table 9. Cleaning and Maintenance for NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+.

Level of use Cleaning process Cleaning frequencyConsumption of energy and

resources

Commercial Dust Mop Daily(7,800 over RSL) None

Commercial Damp mopWeekly

(1,560 over RSL) Hot Water, Electricity,Neutral Detergent.



End-of-Life stage

Recycling, reuse, or repurpose

For the purposes of the LCA, all flooring waste is assumed to be sent to landfill.

Disposal

Product can be disposed of in municipal landfills subject to local regulations. For the purposes of this EPD, it is assumed

that all products are sent to the landfill at the end of their useful life.

LIFE CYCLE INVENTORYThe following flows are to be disclosed per the requirements of ISO 21930. Results are for 1-m2 of flooring for 1 year.

Table 10. Aggregated life cycled inventory flows for 1m2 of NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+.

NOX Design LVT Flooring /Orchid+

Aggregated Flow Value (2.0 mm) Value (2.5 mm) Value (3.0 mm) Unit

Depletion of non-renewable energy resources 4.82 5.78 6.26 kg

Depletion of non-renewable material resources 12.5 16.5 17.7 kg

Use of renewable material resources 2,800 3,810 3,970 kg

Use of primary energy 194 230 250 MJ

Consumption of freshwater 52.4 48.8 70.8 kg

Radioactive Waste 2.99x10-3 3.69 x10-3 3.97 x10-3 kg

Hazardous Waste 0 0 0 kg

Non-Hazardous Waste 14.3 18.7 19.8 kg

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LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Data sources All results presented below have been calculated using the CML 2001 Nov 2013 characterization method.

Impact declaration and use stage normalization

Table A. Cradle to Install and End of life for 1 m2 of flooring for 1 year. NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.0 mm.


Impact Category Units Sourcing &

Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation End of Life Total

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential kg C2H4 eq 2.78x10-3 3.68x10-4 3.23x10-3 1.24x10-3 7.63x10-3

Potential for Global Warming, 100 year time horizon kg CO2 eq 4.73 0.67 4.83 0.248 10.5

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Potential

kg CFC-11 eq 1.65x10-8 6.3x10-13 2.24x10-10 4.85x10-12 1.68x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 1.29x10-3 5.74x10-4 7.79x10-3 1.23x10-3 1.1x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 1.08x10-2 4.56x10-2 3.69x10-2 2.86x10-3 5.53x10-2

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 7.43x10-5 2.80x10-8 7.61x10-6 8.48x10-8 8.22x10-5

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 107 6.89 63.3 3.99 181

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 112 7.03 65.5 4.08 189

Primary energy – renewable MJ 3.01 1.64 1.25 0.182 5.15








kg CFC-11 eq 2.72x10-8 1.51x10-12 2.25x10-10 6.01x10-12 2.74x10-8
















kg CFC-11 eq 2.95x10-8 1.39x10-12 2.25x10-10 6.3x10-12 2.97x10-8







Table B. Average 1-year use stage impacts for 1 m2 flooring. NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm.


Impact Category Units Use and Maintenance

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential kg C2H4 eq 1.08x10-5

Potential for Global Warming, 100 year time horizon kg CO2 eq 5.32x10-2

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Potential kg CFC-11 eq 4.37x10-12

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 6.63x10-5

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 1.07x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 2.55x10-7

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 0.453

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 0.533

Primary energy – renewable MJ 6.98x10-2

List of Use and Maintenance Activities to accompany Table B.

Maintenance Activity Frequency over user defined RSL of product

Dust Mop Daily

Damp Mop Weekly

16


Table C. Life Cycle Stage Impacts for a building life of 60 years, for 1 –m2 of flooring.NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.0 mm


User Defined Reference Service Life 30 years

Number of Installations over 60 years 2


Extraction Manufacturing Delivery & Installation Use End of Life Total

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential kg C2H4 eq 5.56x10-3 7.35x10-4 6.46x10-3 6.50x10-4 2.48x10-3 1.59x10-2

Potential for Global Warming, 100 year

time horizonkg CO2 eq 9.46 1.34 9.65 3.19 0.496 24.1

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Potential kg CFC-11 eq 3.3x10-8 1.26x10-12 4.49x10-10 2.62x10-10 9.7x10-12 3.37x10-8

Eutrophication Potential kg PO4 eq 2.59x10-3 1.15x10-3 1.56x10-2 3.98x10-3 2.45x10-3 2.58x10-2

Acidification Potential kg SO2 eq 2.17x10-2 9.12x10-3 7.38x10-2 6.41x10-3 5.73x10-3 0.117

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Elements kg Sb eq 1.49x10-4 5.61x10-8 1.52x10-5 1.53x10-5 1.70x10-7 1.79x10-4

Abiotic Depletion Potential, Fossil MJ 213 13.8 127 27.2 7.98 389

Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 224 14.1 131 32 8.16 409

Primary energy – renewable MJ 6.02 1.28 2.50 4.19 0.365 14.4

Table C. Life Cycle Stage Impacts for a building life of 60 years, for 1 –m2 of flooring. NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 2.5 mm














Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 262 33.8 138 32.0 10.0 476




Table C. Life Cycle Stage Impacts for a building life of 60 years, for 1 –m2 of flooring. NOX Design LVT Flooring/Orchid+, 3.0 mm














Primary energy – non-renewable MJ 303 31.2 140 32 10.5 516


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REFERENCES:1. Life Cycle Assessment LVT Tile Manufactured by NOX Corporation. WAP Sustainability Consulting. March, 2016.

2. Product Category Rule (PCR) for preparing an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for Flooring: Carpet, Resilient,

Laminate, Ceramic, Wood. NSF International. Version 2. 2014.

3. SCS Type III Environmental Declaration Program: Program Operator Manual v7.0. October 2015. SCS Global Services

4. ISO 14044: 2006 Environmental Management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and Guidelines.

5. ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and

Procedures.

6. Bare, J., et al. TRACI – The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts.

Journal of Industrial Ecology. Volume 6, no. 3-4 (2003). http://mitpress.mit.edu/jie

7. GaBi Life Cycle Database. ThinkStep. http://www.gabi-software.com/databases

©2016 SCS Global Services

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