ENVIRONMENTAL, POPULATION, AND POLICY FACTORS INFLUENCING TELEWORK Scott Ross Advisor: Clio Andris Penn State University Outline o Project Objectives o Why telework matters o Definition of telework o Literature review o Proposed methodology o Timeline o Anticipated results Source: used with permission Project Objectives Determine the strength of spatial relationships for variables correlated with telework Education level Population density Commute time ICT infrastructure Determine if there is a tendency for states with policies promoting telework to have higher rates of telework Why Telework matters Part of the growth of flexible work options designed to: Retain and attract skilled workers (Forbes, 2013) Reduce operating costs (Singh et al, 2012) Increase access to work (Koeplinger, 2007) Decrease traffic congestion and emissions (Khau 2012) The following states have telework programs: NV, CA, AZ, VA, GA, WA, others Telework currently Efforts to push telework globally, especially EU, China Telework enhancement act 2010 (US fed Govt workers) Data from global workplace analytics Forbes 30M work from home at least once a week, 3M work exclusively at home, number may increase to 63% of workforce World at work 98% of surveyed organizations maintaining or increasing telework options. Definite challenges especially engagement Source: Global workplace Analytics. Used with permission. Definitions of Teleworker Definitions can be tricky and vary based on following factors: Full-time or part time Self employed or not Number of days remote Work from home, remote, telework center Part of routine or ad-hoc Different data sources have different qualifications for who is a teleworker Literature review Education (Worldatwork 2014) others Population density (Singh et al, 2012) ICT availability (Tayyaran, Khan, 2003) Computer ownership (Perez et al 2004) Broadband availability (Koeplinger 2007) Commute time (Singh et a, 2012) Data Sources ACS data ( ) by zip code Total employed workforce educated population by degree level average commute time number of people who work from home sector and industry Data Sources continued National broadband map Telework jobs being advertised online Descriptions of different state programs to encourage telework Source: National Broadband map Proposed methodology Collect/Prepare Data Correlate DataCreate ModelIdentify Outliers Evaluate potential relationships with state legislation Proposed methodology Collect telework data Prepare and map data in arcGIS, calculate correlation coefficients Display correlation by zip code Identify areas with higher than national average rates of work from home. Correct for variation based on known correlations (develop a model) Identify the impact of state regulations Identify unusual clusters of telework Timeline January Collect and Prepare all data February Correlate Data and Create a model March Validate Model, Identify Outliers April June Prepare for presentation Anticipated results Correlation coefficients and map of relationships for each variable with telework rates A best fit model that accounts for education, population density, commute time, and ICT infrastructure Identify if states where a positive deviation from the model exists could be due to legislation. Hypothesis: There will be a slight but measurable effect of favorable telework legislation on the overall rates of telework in certain states. Conferences June Total Rewards Conference San Diego 29 Mar- 2 Apr Association of American Geographers (AAG) Possible conferences with Global workplace analytics, Work Cited Broadband Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved December 15, 2015, from Flickess, J. (2014). The 411 on Telework Technology. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from Lister, K. (2015, September 29). Latest Telecommuting Statistics | Global Workplace Analytics. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from Perez, M., Sanchez, A., Carnicer, P., & Jimenez, M. (2004). A Technology Acceptance Model of Innovation Adoption: The case of Teleworking. European Journal of Innovation Management, 7(4), doi: Work Cited Rapoza, K. (2013). One In Five Americans Work From Home, Numbers Seen Rising Over 60%. (2013, February 18). Retrieved December 15, 2015, fromin-five-americans-work-from-home-numbers-seen-rising-over-60/ Khau, J. (2012, September 17). The Rise of Telework and What it Means. Retrieved December 15, 2015, fromand-what-it-means Koeplinger, N. (2007). Telecommuting Satisfaction, Lifestyle Choice and Geography: Evidence from a Fortune 500 Firm. Retrieved December 16, 2015, from https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1392.pdf Work Cited Singh, P., Paleti, R., Jenkins, S., & Bhat, C. (2012, June 13). On Modeling Telecommuting Behavior: Option, Choice, and Frequency. Retrieved December 16, 2015, fromaper_13June2012.pdf Tayyaran, M., & Khan, A. (2003). The Effects of Telecommuting and intelligent Transportation Systems on Urban Development. Journal of Urban Technology, 10(2), doi: