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Environmental Management Plan December 2015

VAN: Port Vila Urban Development Project

SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR ROAD AND DRAINAGE, PHASE 1 (RD P1)

Prepared by Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU), Government of Vanuatu Bank

for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed

herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff,

and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any

designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the

Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status

of any territory or area.

GOVERNMENT OF VANUATU

PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

REPORT NUMBER: 39

Asian Development Bank Loan No.2832-VAN (SF)/G0275-VAN/G0276-

VAN

SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR

ROAD AND DRAINAGE, PHASE 1 (RD P1)

December 2015

DRAFT Specific Environmental Management Plan – Road & Drainage, Phase 1

Port Vila Urban Development Project Contract No: 42391

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NAME OF PROJECT PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

REPORT TITLE SITE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN REPORT FOR PORT VILA PHASE ONE WORKS – ROAD & DRAINAGE

CONTRACT REFERENCE VAN005

DATE 10 DECEMBER 2015

Notice

This report has been:

Prepared By: Vanuatu Project Management Unit (VPMU) Prepared For: Ministry of Finance Economic Management (MFEM) – the Executing

Agency – (EA). Ministry of Infrastructure Public Utilities (MIPU) – a key Implementing

Agency – (IA). Public Works Department (PWD) – a key Implementing Agency – (IA). Department of Environmental Protection Conservation (DEPC) – a key

Implementing Agency – (IA).

The purpose of the site Specific Environment Management Plan (SEMP) is a report to describe

the process for establishing the environmental impacts and outcomes for the Port Vila Road

and Drainage Phase 1 (RD P1).

This report may not be used by any person other than by the MFEM’s express permission. In

any event MFEM accepts no liability for any costs, liabilities or losses arising as a result of the

use of or reliance up the contents of this report by any person other than the MFEM and the

project donor agencies, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Department of Foreign Affairs

& Trade – Australian Government (DFAT).

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 01 October 2015)

Currency Unit Vanuatu Vatu (Vt)

USD $1.00 = Vatu 108.6

Vatu 100 = USD $0.920

WEIGHTS and MEASURES

Metric system except for land areas (1 acre = 0.4 hectares)



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Table of Contents

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 8 1.1 Background 8 1.2 Categorisation 9 1.3 Project Description and Scope 9 1.4 Operation and Maintenance 9 1.5 Environmental Impacts 10 1.6 Environmental Benefits 10 1.7 Environmental Management Plan 11 1.8 Implementation Arrangements 11 1.9 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 12 1.10 Conclusion and Recommendations 12 1.11 Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 12 1.12 Grievance Redress Mechanism 12

2.0 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 14 2.1 Legislation 14

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION - ROAD AND DRAINAGE, PHASE 1 (RD P1) ............. 16 3.1 Introduction to the Scope of Works RD P1. 16 3.2 RD P1 Drainage Designs 17 3.3 RD P1 Roads Designs 20 3.4 Environment Associated with the RD P1 21 3.4.1 Terrestrial Environment 21 3.4.1.1 Existing Terrestrial Environment 21 3.4.1.2 Project Impacts on the Terrestrial Environment 22

3.4.2 Coastal and Inshore Marine Environment 22 3.4.2.1 Existing Coastal Marine Environment 22 3.4.2.2 Project Impacts on the Marine Environment 24 3.4.2.3 Central Business District (CBD) 25

3.5 Construction Activities Associated with the RD P1 26 3.6 Operations and Maintenance Activities Associated with the RD P1 30

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................. 34 4.1 Introduction ‐ Screening of Potential Impacts 34 4.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF) 34 4.3 General Impact Assessment 34 4.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal 35 4.5 Air Quality 36 4.6 Noise Levels 37 4.7 Water Quality 37 4.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management 39 4.9 Safety Issues 40



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4.10 Construction Site/s 41

5.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATIONS, AND PARTICIPATION ........ 43 5.1 Provincial and Community Level Consultations 43 5.2 National Government Level Consultations for the RD P1 44 5.3 Project Disclosure 44 5.4 Project Communication Plan 45

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ................................................. 46 6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 49 6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Table 1 ‐ EMP Mitigation Table (EMiT) 52 6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Table 2 ‐ EMP Monitoring Table (EMoT) 62 6.4 Reporting 66 6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report 66 6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report 66 6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports 66 6.4.4 Construction Completion Report 66

7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................ 67

8.0 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 69

9.0 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................. 70 ANNEX 1. The PVUDP Report Number 36 (August 2015) “Resettlement Plan – Roads and Drainage RD P1” 71 Please Refer to Separate Volume. 71 ANNEX 2. The PVUDP Report Number 37 (August 2015) “Pavement Treatment Review– Roads and Drainage RD P1” 72 Please Refer to Separate Volume. 72 ANNEX 3: RD P1 Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways Checklist. 73 ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales RD P1 Risk Management Framework. 76 ANNEX 5a: PVUDP List of Public Disclosure & Consultation Meetings and Attendance Sheet – RD P1. 95 ANNEX 5b: PVUDP Stakeholder meeting with Drainage Leaseholders on Easement Requirements associated with the RD P1. 26 June 2015. 97 ANNEX 5c. List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014. 98

List of Figures Figure 1: RD P1 Proposed Area of Work (roads highlighted in grey). Figure 2: (Part 1): RD P1 Proposed Drainage Plan.

(Part 2): RD P1 Proposed Drainage Plan. Figure 3: Locations of the RD P1 scope of works in relation to Port Vila bay. Figure 4: General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP.

List of Plates Plate 1a & b: Clogged stormwater drainage inlet within Port Vila CBD. Plate 2a & b: Partly submerged drainage outlet at low tide and a stormwater drainage outlet



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discharging during a rain event adjacent to the CBD within Port Vila bay Plate 3 a & b:

Existing stormwater drainage pipes discharging into Port Vila bay.

Plate 4 a, b & c.

Location of proposed soakaways on (a) Rue De La Teouma, (b) Rue D’Artois streets and Freswota street.

Plate 5 a & b: Location of the GPT to be constructed in the far northern end of Fatumaru bay in the area locally nown as Tebakor.

Plate 6 a & b: Current condition of the road within the RD P1 project area. Plate 7 a & b: Vegetation adjacent to the road and trees located on the foreshore in the

vicinity of the storm water drains. Plate 8 a & b: The foreshore wall adjacent to and shoreline to the north of Port Vila CBD. Plate 9 a & b: CBD building rainwater discharge drain entering the road and the location of

the Centre Point Petrol Station within the CBD.

List of Tables Table 1: Environmental Management Plan Mitigation Table (EMiT) Table 2: Environmental Management Plan Monitoring Table (EMiT)



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Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank

CBD Central Business District

CCTV Close Circuit Television

CDS-GPT Continuous Deflection Separation Gross Pollutant Trap.

CEMP Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan

CEWP Construction Environmental Work Plan

CGPS Community Gender Participation Specialist

CLO Community Liaison Officer

DEPC Department of Environment Protection and Conservation

DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Australian Government

DSCD Design Supervision Capacity Development

EA Executing Agency

EHSG Environmental, Health Safety Guidelines

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMCA Environmental Management Conservation Act

EMMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ESO Environment and Safety Officer

ERLI Environmental Risk and Likely Impact

ERMF Environmental Risk Management Framework

GoV Government of Vanuatu

GPT Gross Pollutant Trap

GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism

H&SE Health, Safety and Environment

HSP Health and Safety Plan

IA Implementing Agency

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IP Indigenous People

IR Involuntary Resettlement

Km Kilometres

m Metres

MFEM Ministry of Finance Economic Management

MIPU Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Lands



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MSMP Materials and Spoil Management Plan

NES National Environmental Specialist

NGO Non-Government Organisation

OH&S Occupational Health and Safety

O&M Operations and Maintenance

PAA Public Access Areas

PEA Preliminary Environmental Assessment

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PRL Primary Risk Level

PVMC Port Vila Municipal Council

PVUDP Port Vila Urban Development Project

PWD Public Works Department

REA Rapid Environmental Assessment

RD P1 Road and Drainage, Phase 1

R4D Roads for Development

RMF Risk Management Framework

SEMP Specific Environmental Management Plan

SHP Shefa Provincial Council

SPC Shefa Provincial Council

SPS Safeguard Policy Statement

SRL Secondary Risk Level

STP Sludge Treatment Plant

TGS Traffic Guidance Scheme

TOR Terms of Reference

VPMU Vanuatu Project Management Unit

WSUD Water Sensitive Urban Design



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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Background

1. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) using Australian Aid (DFAT) funds are assisting the Government of Vanuatu (GoV) to improve urban infrastructure and services in Port Vila urban area and the peri-urban areas. The objectives of the Port Vila Urban Development Project (PVUDP) include:

Improvement to the Road Network and associated infrastructure such as footpaths, street lighting and signage boards;

Improvement of the drainage system;

Construction of a Sludge Treatment Plant (STP); Construction of new multi-purpose multi-user sanitation facilities; and refurbishment of

existing public sanitation facilities; Building hygiene awareness program among communities within the greater Port Vila

Urban area; Capacity development for the Government Agencies to handle Project Management in

roads, drainage and sanitation; and Prepare regulations for the collection and treating of septic tanks sludge.

2. The overall PVUDP will cover improvements to 22 km of roads, 7.5 km of improved drainage and associated Public Access Areas (PAA) including sediment and pollutants traps at strategic points, handling flood prone areas, the construction of a Septage Treatment Plant (STP) including a sludge collection and disposal system/s, refurbishment of existing public and communal sanitation facilities, and provide hygiene and health education to the community.

3. The majority of urban roads within Port Villa area are in need of re-surfacing as they contain large numbers of pot holes, washaways and are deteriorated due to the poor maintenance of the carriage way, associated drainage systems and direct effects of seasonal flooding. Similarly, the drainage system associated with the PVUDP roads are in need of upgrading and/or replacement and are in the most part not functioning due to blockages resulting from sediment build up and the lack of maintenance. Most if not all currently have no drainage manholes or access points other than the drain inlets greatly restricting cleaning and repair functions.

4. The Road and Drainage, Phase 1 Works – (RD P1) (originally termed Southern Section in the projects IEE) is one of the PVUDP sub component scope of works. The proposed improvements will includes the road reserve and areas of privately leased land ceded by the leaseholder for the benefit as a pedestrian thoroughfare called Public Access Areas (PAA) which are primarily new footpaths and associated facilities.

5. The RD P1 Specific Envrionmental Management Plan (SEMP) has been prepared to provide an account of the baseline environmental conditions and to describe and evaluate likely impacts caused by the proposed road, drainage infrastructure upgrade improvements that have been identified for Port Vila as part of the PVUDP environmental due diligence. The environmental evaluation and subsequent management, mitigation and monitoring of the RD P1 scope of works are detailed in this SEMP.

6. RD P1 scope of works will be implemented in stages where the drainage subcomponents will be constructed first, followed by the road and subsequently the PAA that include the footpaths and associated facilities. Cleaning and inspection of all stormwater drainage systems within the RD P1 will be undertaken before construction activities commence.



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1.2 Categorisation

7. The RD P1 sub component project was separately categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for the “Roads and Highway” checklist, as environment Category B. This SEMP refers directly to the PVUDP scope of work required within the sub-component that falls under Output 1: “Government has improved the road network and drainage system in greater Port Vila”.

1.3 Project Description and Scope

8. The proposed improvements will cover approximately 13 km of roads and includes footpaths and traffic facilities and approximately 4.5 km of improved drainage, soakaways utilising natural land depressions for detention and infiltration that have been designed to discharge into existing government land.

9. The Construction-phase activities will consist primarily of clearing and inspecting the drainage systems, sealing of the existing road and new drainage infrastructure . Footpaths and kerbs will be installed, existing and associated lighting replaced and new road signage. All road surfaces will be resurfaced with either a double bituminous seal or asphaltic concrete whilst drainage systems will be generally rehabilitated through excavation and installation of precast pipes and pits.

10. All construction activities will be carried out according to international best practices intended to avoid and minimize adverse environmental impacts and based on the information presented herein through the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMP). These plans present the likely impacts caused by the construction and operational phases of the project and outline best practices mitigation measures to manage and lessen the impacts of these activities. These activities will be detailed in the Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), which will be based on this SEMP and must be approved prior to start of works.

1.4 Operation and Maintenance

11. The on going operation and maintenance of the infrastructure upgrades has been considered during the design process. Public Works Department (PWD) is responsible for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the new infrastructure and clearly O&M has been problematic in the past through lack of management, capacity and funds. Roads for Development (R4D) is assisting PWD with its management of the overall road assets and its programme is expected to continue for the foreseeable future and until at least 2017. The Design Supervision and Capacity Development Consultant’s (DSCD) Terms of Reference (TOR) has specific provisions for developing the capacity of PWD to maintain the road and drainage network throughout Port Vila, including: monitoring and evaluation of pavement condition, urban roads and drainage standards, design of minor road rehabilitation works, quality control of rehabilitation works, outsourcing of and management of contracts and mobilisation of community groups to be involved with maintenance programmes. Funding for O&M remains a significant problem, however DSCD has already investigated this matter in some detail in the PVUDP report “Cost Recovery Mechanisms for Operation and Maintenance of Infrastructure Assets, Preliminary Study and Recommendations, September 2014”. Whilst the situation is well understood, there is no clear direction on the resolution of ongoing funding requirements. This financial matter in itself should not stop the implementation of such works as there are significant, environmental, social and economic benefits associated with the project. However, this issue needs to be addressed during the construction period.



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1.5 Environmental Impacts

12. The SEMP concludes that there is neither identifiable significant environmental impact nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the RD P1 will result in a marked improvement to the environment, noting that the complimenting capacity development initiatives that will be undertaken will assist in sustainably achieving this endeavour. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include;

The proposed road and drainage system upgrades are located within Port Vila and its Central Business District (CBD) on urban land that has been highly modified (cleared, filled, supports existing road and drainage) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;

The RD P1 project site area does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests, mangroves or agricultural activities associated with the projects area of influence. It is however noted that the project activities are adjacent to highly modified coastal strip of land that borders the Port Vila bay (much of which is built on) and that stormwater drainage systems associated with the RD P1 discharge eventually into the bay.

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade, during storm events, will increase stormwater discharge intensity into the near shore tidal and sub-tidal coastal and marine environment. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be minor due to improved sediment control systems incorporated into the RD P1 design and longer term operation and maintenance regime. The project’s area of influence does not impact any coral reefs, sea grass systems nor does the area of influence support marine ecological or biological (flora or fauna) systems that is endemic, endangered or of significant biodiversity.

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade does not impact any terrestrial conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the road and drainage upgrade will ensure limited disturbance to the daily business activities undertaken in Port Vila (e.g. traffic, noise, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction and monitoring activities associated with the project.

Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the RD P1 project design.

13. The EMP identifies potential environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule and monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness.

1.6 Environmental Benefits

14. The proposed works have been designed to ensure a substantial improvement to the Port Vila road network and associated infrastructures such as footpaths, street lighting and signage boards and direct improvement to the associated drainage systems. These infrastructure improvements will result in decreased water retentions and associated siltation



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issues currently experienced throughout Port Vila and through the use of silt and gross pollutant traps will allow the management of water and pollutant discharge into the neighbouring environment, including Port Vila bay. This will result in significant improvements to impacts to the environment, CBD and surrounding urban areas of Port Vila.

1.7 Environmental Management Plan

15. The RD P1 EMP, mitigation measures, environmental monitoring and capacity development, are required to minimise the environmental impacts in the pre-construction, construction and operation phases of the project. The DSCD consultant and Contractor will be tasked to finalise the detailed design and compilation of an updated CEMP and the contractor will be responsible for implementing the EMMP. The mitigation actions identified in this report need to be implemented by the contractor. The EMP is present as section 6 of this report.

16. The EMP provides a set of mitigation, monitoring and management measures to be applied during the RD P1 implementation to avoid, reduce, mitigate, and/or compensate for adverse environmental impacts. Most importantly, during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the EMMP to all stakeholders including the successful contractor(s) and the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop held by Vanuatu Project Management Unit (VPMU). During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices and management of all wastes will be essential.

17. Implementation of internationally recognised good construction environmental practices form the basis of the EMMP which covers issues such as erosion and sedimentation control, materials sourcing and spoil management, waste management, minimization of habitat disturbance, and worker and community health and safety. The EMMP will form part of the construction contract documents and the contractor will be required to prepare a site-specific CEMP based on the contract EMP.

18. The main environmental controls incorporated into the design of the project are; (i) ensure minimum environmental impacts to the Port Vila Harbour; and (ii) design criteria that are based on available climate change modelling data used to ensure drainage collection capacity is sufficient for high rainfall events.

1.8 Implementation Arrangements

19. The Executing Agency (EA) for the PVUDP will be the Ministry of Finance and Economic Management (MFEM) and the projects Implementing Agencies (IA) include the Public Works Department (PWD) under the Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU) and the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservational (DEPC). The DEPC is the lead agency for implementing the Environmental Management and Conservation Act (EMCA) 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 and issuing of development consent for project development.

20. The PVUDP is managed by the VPMU assisted by the DSCD consultant, Roughton International in association with Qualao Consulting Ltd. The role of the VPMU is to;

Administer, manage, coordinate and oversee the implementation of major Vanuatu Government Infrastructure Projects, including the PVUDP; and

Coordinate and Facilitate projects funds between funding partners, the GoV and various stakeholders.



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1.9 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

21. The project shall comply with requirements of the Vanuatu Environmental Management and Conservation Act (EMCA) 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 that requires that for all major developments projects, a development clearance and development consent (and other permits) must be obtained from the DEPC before any work can commence. The development consent application must include an environment assessment and an EMMP.

22. This SEMP as part of the PVUDP Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is intended to comply with the requirements of a Preliminary Environmental Assessment (PEA) as required under GoV regulations and meet the requirements of the ADB for Category B projects as described in the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statements (SPS).

23. The objectives of the SEMP (PEA) are to: (i) assess the existing environmental conditions; (ii) identify potential environmental impacts; (iii) evaluate and determine the significance of the impacts; (iv) develop an EMP detailing mitigation measures, monitoring activities, reporting requirements, institutional responsibilities to address adverse environmental impacts; (v) carry-out public consultations to document any issues/concerns; and (vi) to ensure that such concerns are addressed in the project design.

1.10 Conclusion and Recommendations

24. The potential environmental impacts arising from the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the project will be relatively minor, localized and acceptable provided that the mitigation measures set out in the SEMP are implemented properly. The findings of the EMMP evaluation suggest that improvements to road and drainage infrastructure systems will be greatly improved and provide improved environmental and much needed services within the Port Vila urban areas.

1.11 Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation

25. The RD P1 subcomponent of the PVUDP planning and environmental concerns were discussed with relevant GoV Ministries, Departments, Provincial and Municipal governments, business owners and the general public stakeholders resulting in an agreement for the support of the scope of works. The stakeholder consultation process followed the PVUDP communication plan and disseminated information to key stakeholders detailing the scale and scope of the project, expected impacts and the proposed mitigation measures. The process also gathered information on relevant concerns of the stakeholders and where relevant, incorporated into the RD P1 SEMP.

26. This final draft SEMP has been submitted to VPMU who will forward the document to the relevant GoV Ministries and Departments for their evaluation and clearance and to the ADB to ensure their safeguard policies are met. The final approved document will be disclosed to the public and included into the DEPC document register and up loaded on the ABD web site.

1.12 Grievance Redress Mechanism

27. A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for the PVUDP has been developed and has been established to receive, evaluate and facilitate the resolution of affected people’s concerns, complaints and grievances about the environmental and social performance of the project. The GRM is based on accepted practices and government protocols in Vanuatu and provides an accessible, time-bound and transparent mechanism for the affected persons to



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voice and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to all projects undertaken within the PVUDP infrastructure development activities. The GRM is presented in section 6.1 of this report.



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2.0 BACKGROUND

28. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed description of the existing environment and the projects environmental impacts associated with the scope of works to be undertaken in Port Vila and peri urban areas and should be referred for additional information. This report provides the background information for Roads and Drainage, Phase 1 (RD P1).

29. Port Vila’s major infrastructure, including the roads and stormwater drainage systems has received minimal capital support since the time of independence in 1980, due to inadequate management, resourcing and finance. Major surfaced roads are heavily potholed and deteriorated due to deferred maintenance and absence of a system to drain the storm water resulting from frequent heavy downpours. The runoff from these downpours causes flooding and chaotic conditions for vehicle and pedestrian traffic resulting in considerable financial and economic losses. In addition, a proportion of road debris such as silt, grit, garbage, waste and oil may reach the sea impacting on the environmental conditions of coastal waters.

30. The majority of urban roads within Port Villa area are in need of re-surfacing as they contain large numbers of pot holes, washaways and are deteriorated due to the poor maintenance of the carriage way, associated drainage systems and direct effects of seasonal flooding. Similarly, the drainage system associated with the PVUDP roads are in need of upgrading and/or replacement and are in the most part not functioning due to blockages resulting from sediment build up and the lack of maintenance. Most if not all currently have no drainage manholes or access points other than the drain inlets greatly restricting cleaning and repair functions.

31. The expected impact of the PVUDP is the sustainable urban development of Port Vila and surrounding peri urban areas. The project has 5 outputs with Output 1: The Government has improved the road network and drainage system in greater Port Vila” and has been packaged into three distinct programs of works with the upgrading and improvement to the roads and drainage of the RD P1 the second package.

32. The Road and Drainage, Phase 1 (RD P1) (originally termed Southern Section in the projects IEE), is one of the PVUDP sub component scope of works. The proposed improvements will cover approximately 13 km of roads and 4.5 km of drainage including upgrading of footpaths and traffic facilities.

2.1 Legislation

33. As part of the PVUDP IEE report, an in depth regulatory review was undertaken of the nation’s environmental legislation and permitting processes to identify the regulative approvals that are required to ensure the projects sub-components can be undertaken. Detailed information pertaining to the legislation and permits has been articulated in this report and should be reviewed to for further information. The principal national legislations and permits required for the RD P1 scope of works includes:

Environmental Management and Conservation Act No. 12 of 2002 (EMC) which provides for an affordable framework for environmental protection and compliance within Vanuatu;

Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations (Order No. 175 of 2011) which outlines the process for which an national environmental impact assessment is to be undertaken to seek government approval;



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Water Resources Management Act No 9 of 2002 for the construction, operation and/or maintenance of any physical works related to the protection, management and use of water, including any storm water and/or wastewater works;

Waste Management Act No 24 of 2014 which provides for the protection of the environment through encouragement of effective waste services and operations;

Pollution Control Act of 2014 which provides for minimization and management for the discharge and emission of pollution and encourage all levels of government to work together to control the discharge and emission of pollution;

Public Roads Act No 35 of 2013 which provides for the designation, planning, administration, construction, and maintenance of public roads;

Control of Nocturnal Noise Act (CAP 40) JR 14 of 1965) which prohibits excessive noise in Port Vila between 9pm and 5am; and

Health and Safety at Work (CAP 195) that provide for the health, safety and welfare of persons at work.



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3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION - ROAD AND DRAINAGE, PHASE 1 (RD P1)

3.1 Introduction to the Scope of Works RD P1.

35. The works involve the rehabilitation and improvement of 13km roads and 4.5 km drainage in an area-wide section of the Port Vila Road network (Figure 1). These activities include;

Resurfacing the Lini Highway (now called the Kumul Highway) and major arterial feeder roads within Port Vila CBD and surrounding areas within the RD P1;

Cleaning and inspection of existing drainage systems; Roadwork’s and excavation for installation of drainage structures; Installation of drainage pipes, catch pits and sediment, pollution and

petrochemical traps; Upgrading of all PAA and car parks; and Improve lighting and signage.

36. The road pavements will consist of unbound existing and new coronous limestone material. The pavements will be sealed with either a 40mm layer of asphalt and/or with a Double – Double bituminous surface treatment. Those sections with a Double-Double bituminous seal treatment are anticipated to be overlaid with asphalt in the future under a separate contract. Drainage systems will, in the most part consist of cement piping and/or concrete open drains and all footpaths, driveways, kerbing and medium strips will be concrete.

37. All land, within the RD P1 project area (Figure 1) is the sovereign territory of the Republic of Vanuatu and is government owned. The RD P1 project site is located within the declared municipal boundaries of the City of Port Vila, resulting in all construction and operational activities of the road, drainage and pedestrian infrastructure developments subjected to all relevant national laws of Vanuatu and by-laws of the Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC). Notably, some footpaths will be constructed over privately leased land, subject to mutual agreement with the leaseholder. This agreement cedes the area of footpath on privately leased for the benefit of pedestrian traffic. These public access areas (PAA) have be negotiated individually with the leaseholder and agreements have been reached for Access Consent for all construction of works. This has been detailed in the PVUDP Report 36 (August 2015) “Resettlement Plan – Roads and Drainage Sub Project (Phase 1)” (Annex 1).

38. The RD P1 project scope of works includes the Port Vila Central Business District (CBD) and the main arterial roads that support public, commercial and government buildings that are positioned directly adjacent to and enter the RD P1. In this light the PVUDP construction responsibilities terminate at the footpath, however allocations have been incorporated into the projects design to ensure permanent road access to all buildings.

39. The PVUDP Report 37 (August 2015)” “RD-P1 Pavement Treatment Review” (refer Annex 2) fully describes the standards, design approach, methodology and final technical designs and arrangements associated with the roads of the RD P1. This report in part is based on the baseline information detailed in the PVUDP (August 2014) “70% Design Review Report, Volume 2: Geotechnical & Pavment Investigation and Design”. Both reports should be referred to and read in conjunction with the information presented below.



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3.2 RD P1 Drainage Designs

40. The drainage infrastructure in the Port Vila urban and peri-urban area is woefully inadequate to meet current demands and requirements of the population. Where it exists, drainage infrastructure associated with the RD P1 for the most part i s in a state of disrepair and/or blockage (Plate 1a & b). The existing road condition of the arterial and secondary feeder roads within the RD P1 during rainfall events create considerable sediment laden runoff, which currently is discharged through the existing drainage system (Plate 2a) if working or down the roads and/or ground directly into the coastal shores via the outfall pipes (refer Plate 2b). This results in an undesirable environmental situation of increased sediment load in the nearby coastal waters, reducing water visibility and increasing turbidity.

41. As a priority all drainage systems associated with the RD P1 at the commencement of construction activities will be physically inspected using CCTV and cleaned to provide a status report which then will determine the final requirements of the RD P1 drainage scope of works. This information will dictate which drainage systems are usable, repairable and/or need to be replaced. In addition, all illegal roof catchments, grey water, liquid trade waste and/or sewage discharge connections into the existing stormwater drainage systems will be identified and through the PVUDP processes removed. These connections are in breach of the Building Act and Public Health Act and offenders will be notified accordingly.

Plate 1a & b: Clogged stormwater drainage inlet within Port Vila CBD.



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Plate 2a & b: Partly submerged drainage outlet at low tide and a stormwater drainage outlet discharging during a rain event adjacent to the CBD within Port Vila bay.

42. Within the RD P1 the Lini Highway is principally the receiving hub for all stormwater drainage systems associated with the scope of works were it will be collected and channelled before it is discharged into the coastal waters through a number of existing outfall pipes (Plate 3a & b). All drainage systems within the RD P1 will be buried and for the most part covered by the footpaths. In addition, the stormwater drainage system for the RD P1 has been designed to incorporate where practical, natural stormwater soakaways to discharge water into the ground. The inclusion of natural soakaways will significantly decrease the stormwater volume and sediment/pollutant load currently entering the existing stormwater drainage system discharging into Port Vila bay.

43. In general, designs are based on Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) which will be used within the RD P1. This includes (i) larger open system that drain water through the use of natural soakaways, and (ii) inline drainage system with a series of gully pits with sumps and/or Gross Pollutant Traps (GPT) including track racks for collection of silt and large items which allows stormwater to pass through efficiently.

44. Four (4) soakaways (Figure 2 - Part 1 and 2 and Plate 4 a, b, & c) have been included in the RD P1 project, all of which are located on public land.

45. In areas within the RD P1 that receive high level of sediment and pollutants (e.g. plastics, cans, sediment and possible petrochemical pollutants) either a siltration trap (Plate 5a and b) with an appropriate sized trash rack deployed or a Gross Pollutant Trap (GPT) have been desgined for deployed at 4 strategic locations within the RD P1 (refer Figure 2 a and b for locations). The Gross Pollutant Traps chosen are cyclonic-type, designed for the specifc flowrates and inlet and outlet inverts. These cyclonic GPT which have the following characteristics:

Non-blocking functionality

95% capture of gross pollutants >1mm

95% sediment capture >200μm

Captures organics and oils

Captures adsorbed toxics and nutrients



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46. Final scope of works for the upgrading to the existing drainage pipes that are located along the Kumul Highway and discharge into Port Vila bay will be determined once they are cleaned and inspected. It is envisaged that the majority of drainage pipes will be reused, however repairs, section replacements and/or realignments maybe required. In total, it is estimated that 15 discharge pipes will be used (Figure 2a & b). Due diligence and care needs to be exercised during any upgrading of these systems to ensure coastal foreshore and natural springs are not impacted. Construction activities are detailed in the EMP in section 6.

47. Operation and maintenance of the new drainage system is essential to the proper functioning of the network. This will be subject to a capacity development program with PWD to be undertaken by the DSCD consultant, as outlined in section 3.6.

Plate 3 a & b: Existing stormwater drainage pipes discharging into Port Vila bay.



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Plate 4 (a, b & c): Example location of proposed soakaways on (a) Rue De La Teouma and (b) Rue D’Artois streets and (c) Freswota Street.

Plate 5 (a & b): Location of the Siltation trap to be constructed in the far northern end of Fatumaru bay in the area locally known as Tebakor.

3.3 RD P1 Roads Designs

48. The RD P1 covers a total overall length of approximately 13 kilometres of existing roads within Port Vila. Construction-phase activities will consist of replacing the existing road and the upgrading, excavation and replacement of associated drainage. Footpaths will be replaced and associated lighting and road signage developed. All road surfaces will be replaced with either a thin bituminous seal or asphaltic concrete. The complete detailed pavement design and associated plans for the RD P1 are documented in the PVUDP Report 37 (August 2015)” “RD-P1 Pavement Treatment Review” (Annex 2) and a summary of construction activities is described in Section 3.5 of this report.

49. The road surface of the RD P1 (Plate 6 a & b) and the access to arterial and secondary feeder streets are in need of resurfacing and repair. The roads within the RD P1 have been poorly maintained and the carriageway is in varying degrees of disrepair dominated by significant number of surface pot holes and road depressions that expose the underlying road surface (most of which is coral limestone) which hold water causing localised flooding during rain events creating chaotic traffic and pedestrian conditions.



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Plate 6 a & b: Current condition of the road within the RD P1 project area.

3.4 Environment Associated with the RD P1

50. This section below provides a summary account of key baseline conditions pertaining to the physical and biological environments directly associated with the RD P1 sub-project site. Detailed information pertaining to these baseline conditions has been articulated in the PVUDP IEE report and should be referred to for further background information. It is not the intension of this SEMP to duplicate information reported in the IEE, but to identify potential impacts directly related to the work activities associated with the RD P1 that need to be addressed.

51. Climate change adaptation measures have been considered and integrated into the design and program of works for the RD P1 sub component as well as the PVUDP. Drainage systems have been elevated by 300mm at the outlet to provide for sea level rise and the 1 hour ‘design storm’ (or rainfall hystograph) has been increased by 20% for the drainage design to account for the effects of climate change over a 50 year period. The damage caused by Tropical Cyclone Pam on 13 March 2015 is an example of the impacts that is to be noted in the project’s design.

52. The physical scope of works for the RD P1 is associated with the terrestrial environment only.

3.4.1 Terrestrial Environment

3.4.1.1 Existing Terrestrial Environment

53. The RD P1 site location, its past and current usage (urban use including CBD) and highly modified environment (cleared and built on and used for many years as a road and associated infrastructures) are almost exclusively devoid of terrestrial flora and fauna. Non-native grass species are located adjacent to the existing footpaths and located above several existing storm water discharge pipes as they run perpendicular to the road entering the coastal foreshore areas (Plate 7a). In addition, a number of trees, including royal Poinciana trees (Delonix regia), Casuarina/sea-oak (Casuarina equisetifolia) and mature coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) are located within land parcels adjacent to the roads, however none are within the area of influence of the drainage pipes and will not be impacted (Plate 7b). The trees located



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within the foreshore land parcels adjacent to the RD P1 activities do not support roosting nor nesting sites for vulnerable or endemic birds or bats.

54. The RD P1 site locations do not include any freshwater streams or rivers, are not associated with any terrestrial protected or conservation areas, site/s of cultural, customary or heritage nor is it associated with or supports any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity. Therefore the project area has extremely low terrestrial flora and fauna populations and biodiversity.

Plate 7 a & b: Vegetation adjacent to the road and trees located on the foreshore in the vicinity of the storm water drains.

3.4.1.2 Project Impacts on the Terrestrial Environment

55. The scope of works for the RD P1 will result in no biological impacts of any significance on the terrestrial ecosystems within the area of influence for the project sites. Resulting in the projects road and drainage infrastructure upgraded and improvements will have no significant impact on the terrestrial ecosystems within the area of influence of the RD P1. The proposed scope of improvement works will have a direct positive impact on a reduction and management of storm water and pollutants associated with the main road systems within Port Vila and the CBD in the future.

3.4.2 Coastal and Inshore Marine Environment

3.4.2.1 Existing Coastal Marine Environment

56. The RD P1 scope of works either directly borders individual land parcels that are adjacent to Port Vila bay and/or through the projects drainage pipes, discharge stormwater from the RD P1 into the bay. The coastal foreshore directly adjacent to the RD P1 has been highly modified through past clearing and land reclamation activities which include tidal and sub-tidal dredging, construction of buildings which includes the Port Vila CBD (Plate 8 a & b). The RD P1 site includes the road and drainage infrastructures associated with Fatumaru bay in the north and the nations main shipping docks and operations in the south of Port Vila bay (Figure 3).



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Plate 8 a & b: The foreshore wall adjacent to and shoreline to the north of Port Vila CBD.

Figure 3: Locations of the RD P1 scope of works in relation to Port Vila bay.

57. The project’s environmental team undertook (January and August 2015) a preliminary visual ecological assessment of the shallow water coastal marine areas in Port Vila bay focusing on the drainage outlets associated with the CBD. The results are detailed in the GKD SEMP with additional detailed marine and coastal information documented in the PVUDP IEE. Both these documents should be referred if additional information is required.



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58. In summary, the assessment findings highlighted;

The daily tidal fluctuations and weather patterns ensure water within the bay is well mixed resulting in dilution of stormwater (freshwater) and quick dispersal;

The inshore benthic habitat (sea floor) is dominated by fine sediments derived from both reef (coralline) and terrigenous (volcanic) origins, interspersed with small to larger size reef and volcanic origin rocks, originating from natural weather forces or brought into the area during construction or dredging operations over the time. Finer sediments are located within the northern section of Port Vila bay (e.g. Fatumaru bay);

Hard and soft coral benthic coverage is low throughout the nearshore environment and is dominated by the hard corals and massive forms of Porities sp., the branching forms of Acropora sp. and the soft corals of the family Alcyoniidae (e.g. Sarcophyton sp.);

Significant populations of the long spine sea urchin (Diademia savignyi) dominate the deeper sections of the nearshore waters, especially adjacent to the CBD areas;

Population numbers and diversity of finfish were relatively low and dominated by algae feeding Acanthuridae family (surgeon fish);

Seaweed population’s numbers and diversity was consistent with expectations and sea grass beds although not close to the nearshore environment nor within the RD P1 scope of influence were healthy; and

No endangered or protected species were encountered nor are there any marine or coastal protected areas, heritage, historic or customary sites within the projects area of influence.

3.4.2.2 Project Impacts on the Marine Environment

59. The paucity of flora and fauna within Port Vila bay adjacent to the RD P1 sites is consistent with a highly developed urban location and in close proximity of a commercial port. Therefore, in general terms, the scope of works for the road and drainage systems upgrade will result in negligible biological impacts of any significance on the nearshore coastal marine ecosystems.

60. Stormwater discharge resulting from the RD P1 construction activities (cleaning and repair, replacement and/or renewal of drainage pipes) entering the coastal environment through the existing drainage pipes will be minimal as the exit drain pipe will be blocked during construction. Nevertheless due diligence is to be exercised, especially during the cleaning of the stormwater drainage pipes with all efforts undertaken to reduce or eliminate material being disposed of a manner that may be detrimental to the surrounding environment. The use of a geotextile silt curtain positioned close to the coastal outfall of each pipe and/or a sediment filter sock directly attached to each pipe should be considered. Correct disposal of the sediment and pollutants removed from the pipes is outlined in the EMP of this SEMP.

61. However, once the RD P1 scope of works has been completed stormwater discharge resulting from rainfall will enter the rehabilitated and up graded drainage systems and discharge into the coastal waters of Port Vila bay. The stormwater discharge, once the full scope of works for the RD P1 is complete with result in reduced volume of stormwater (due to the use of natural soakaways), significant decrease in sediment and pollutants entering Port



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Vila bay due to the inclusion of sediment traps and long term maintenance and the removal of illegal discharge points resulting in a marked improvement in Port Vila bay’s water parameters.

3.4.2.3 Central Business District (CBD)

62. The RD P1 project includes the Port Vila CBD and as such includes a wide range of buildings and businesses. All of these are connected to the Port Vila town water system and use septic systems to collect sewage which when holding facilities are full are pumped empty by mobile collection companies and disposed of at the town’s designated waste reception facility.

63. Potential accidental spillage and/or illegal connection from the sewage systems could occur within the CBD, resulting in sewage discharged into the stormwater drainage system associated with the RD P1 scope of works and into the coastal environment. This potential risk is considered high, as all business owners view the management of sewage a low priority for their operations and manly ignore laws to meet the national water and sewage standard. Accordingly, the inspection of all stormwater drains will be undertaken and cleared to ensure water movemnets. In addition and as part of this process, all illegal waste discharge connections into the existing stormwater drainage system will be recorded, ownership identified and removed. It is imperative that only stormwater is carried within the RD P1 stormwater drainage systems.

64. All water used in all buildings within the CBD including rainwater discharging from roofs is released directly into the stormwater drainage system or onto the roads (Plate 9a) Thus, all used water and contaminates are released directly into the environment. Contaminants vary widely and include kitchen and washing grey wastes (e.g. oils, detergents etc), building and road sediments and petrochemical based products. The potential risk of environmental degradation is a concern and improvements to the management of wastewater within the CBD are required to meet national standards.

65. The town’s power company (UNELCO) operates a power generation plant and the Centre Point Petrol station (Pacific Petroleum Company) (Plate 9b) are located within the CBD and are adjacent to the RD P1 scope of works. Both operations have the potential for accidental spillage of petrochemical products into the stormwater drainage system within the area. The potential risks are seen as low due to a result of the business operator’s internal operational procedures and government requirements.

66. Many businesses and buildings within the CBD have standby generator systems that are powered by petrol and/or diesel and therefore have the potential through accidental spillage of petrochemical products to enter the stormwater drainage system within the area. Although the potential risks are low it could be expected that petrochemical products from generators could enter the drainage system.

67. Currently, stormwater sediments and pollutants directly enter the stormwater drainage systems within the CBD and are discharged directly into the coastal waters and thus degrading the coastal environment. The proposed sediment, pollution and petrochemical traps (Gross Pollutants Traps) that have been designed and deployed during subsequent phase of the project of PVUDP will greatly reduce current levels of pollution and sediments entering the local marine environment.



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Plate 9 a & b: CBD building rainwater discharge drains entering the road and the location of the Center Point Petrol Station within the CBD.

3.5 Construction Activities Associated with the RD P1

68. The Works to be executed comprises, but shall not necessarily be limited to, the following:

General requirements (pre-construction planning for contract administration and construction requirements for project-specific requirements, site investigation, signage, survey control, communication, environmental planning, replacement of permanent marks and community matters of gender awareness and HIV prevention);

Quality control;

Integrated management (works, health and safety, environment and quality systems);

Stormwater drainage inspection of existing pipes including cleaning of debris and reporting;

Demolition (recovery and removal);

Landscaping (planting, furniture and fixtures);

Pathways (demolition and replacement of footpaths);

Masonry walls;

Minor concrete works (new footpaths, driveways, medians and similar);

Control of traffic (A traffic guidance scheme for the supply and installation of any temporary works or other measures needed for traffic management and road safety measures during construction);

Control of erosion and sedimentation;

Clearing and grubbing;



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Earthworks;

Open drains including kerb and channel;

Flexible pavement base and sub-base;

Sprayed bituminous surfacing;

Asphaltic concrete including reinforcing grid;

Pavement markings;

Signposting (warning, regulatory and directional);

Utility relocation;

Street lighting;

Stormwater drainage (construction);

Pipe drainage;

Drainage structures;

Service conduits;

Pavement sweeping (including removal of hard accumulated material on road surface); and

Repairs to bituminous surfacing (including micro milling, pothole repairs and patching).

In addition the scope includes:

Community liaison with a full time Community Liaison Officer for implementation of the Gender Action Plan and Communications Plan; and

Close liaison with service utility owners concerning protection and relocation of existing services.

69. The resurfacing treatments for the project roads are broken into two main application types. Whilst there are some minor variations on the resurfacing treatment details across the scope, in general the typical treatment consists of two parts.

70. Road Resurfacing Treatment – Repairs to bitumen surfacing and Sprayed Bitumen Surfacing consists of the following:

Correction of surface defects including milling, pothole patching, surface jet patching, local isolated remove and replace repairs; and

Double / Double 14/7 Polymer Modified (S35E – Austroads) Bitumen Seal.

71. Road Resurfacing Treatment – Repairs to bitumen surfacing, Sprayed Bitumen Surfacing and Asphaltic Concrete consists of the following:

Correction of surface defects including milling, pothole patching, surface jet patching, local isolated remove and replace repairs;

Double / Double 14/7 Polymer Modified (S35E – Austroads) Bitumen Seal;



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Paveset profilograph (or similar) asphalt overlay design and subsequent Principal’s design of Kerb and Channel levels;

Traffic period: approximately 12 to 15 months;

Application of AG10 corrector (flat board) in designated sections. The AG10 binder is to be a Polymer Modified Bitumen binder - A15E (Austroads);

Application of a Huesker HaTelit C 40/17 asphalt reinforcing grid; and

Application of an AG10 40mm (nominal). The AG10 binder is to be a Polymer Modified Bitumen binder - A15E (Austroads).

72. The Works will be executed within 3 program periods. These are detailed below:

73. Program Period 1. This is planned to occur within the first 3 months of the Contract period and includes;

Stormwater drainage inspection and pavement sweeping;

Correction of surface defects including milling, pothole patching, surface jet patching, local isolated remove and replace repairs;

Double / Double 14/7 Polymer Modified (S35E – Austroads) Bitumen Seal; and

Paveset profilograph (or similar).

74. Program Period 2. The roads that have recently undergone repairs and have been sprayed with Bitumen Surfacing are to endure traffic for a period of approximately 12 to 15 months and includes;

Repairs of any pavement failures during the duration of Program Period 2; and

All works associated with demolition, drainage, earthworks, open drains, kerbing and pathway construction.

75. Program Period 3. Application of AG10 corrector (flat board) in designated sections. The AG10 binder is to be a Polymer Modified Bitumen binder - A15E (Austroads) and includes;

Milling of road surface in line with design levels as set out by the Paveset profilograph (or similar). Milling of edge works to asphalt layer;

Application of a Huesker HaTelit C 40/17 asphalt reinforcing grid; and

Application of an AG10 40mm (nominal). The AG10 binder is to be a Polymer Modified Bitumen binder - A15E (Austroads).

76. While the above program of works does not detail all activities within the entire scope of works, it clearly details the timing of the major activities and the intent of the program.

77. The Employer is in the process of entering into Memorandum of Understandings (MoUs) with the following utility providers and the contractor is expected to participate in the execution of those agreements:

UNELCO (operators of the water supply system, electrical network and maintenance of street lighting);

TVL (telecommunications including optic fibre); and



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Digicel (telecommunications including optic fibre).

78. Easements and Pedestrian Access Agreements (PAA): The Employer will establish easements for drainage and traffic facilities, with agreements already established with leaseholders. The extents of the easements are indicated in the Drawings. The Employer has or will establish a number of Access Consents with neighbouring leaseholders to undertake works on their land, such as footpaths and streetscaping. Cadastral boundaries and extent of works are indicated on the drawings, including that area identified as PAA. Leaseholder approvals for the scope of works have been finalises and document (refer PVUDP Report 36 Resettlement Plan – Roads and Drainage Sub Project (Phase 1).

79. Details of the Works to be executed at a particular site are shown on the Drawings, as detailed in the PVUDP Report 37 Pavement Treatment Review document.

80. Services to be provided by the Contractor shall include but not necessarily be limited to, the following:

Preparation and submission of Contractor's Documents including management plans, temporary works;

Supply of all materials, fabrication (or manufacture) of all items shown on the Drawings or described in the Specification or otherwise necessary to complete the items as fit for the purposes;

Provision of all Temporary Works including, without limitation, workmen’s facilities, storage yards, hoisting, scaffolding, shoring, protective screens and hoardings, and other temporary works as may be necessary, except for facilities listed as being provided to the Contractor;

Preparation of the detailed construction programme with dates and cash flows as required by in the contract;

Demolition, removal of rubbish, and maintenance of site safety, order and cleanliness;

establishment and implementation of the work health and safety, quality assurance and environmental protection systems as specified;

Obtaining approval and, where appropriate, certificates of compliance from statutory authorities;

Preparation and submission of works-as-executed drawings; and

Provision of warranties and maintenance manuals as specified. Manuals shall contain technical data and record drawings necessary for routine maintenance.

81. As the site is part of the existing road network the Contractor is expected to stage the works and manage the implementation in a manner that maintains vehicle and pedestrian access to the public roads, and access to properties and businesses, in so far as is reasonably possible.

82. A detailed Traffic Guidance Scheme (TGS) will be required. The Construction Programme together with the TGS will dictate the progressive handover of the site and completion of the works and maintain access for traffic and pedestrians. The various rates entered in the Bill of Quantities shall be deemed to include all costs associated with meeting these access and minimum disruption requirements.



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3.6 Operations and Maintenance Activities Associated with the RD P1

83. The on going operation and maintenance of the infrastructure upgrades has been considered during the design process. Additionally, a capacity development program will be undertaken by the DSCD consultants to assist PWD with its management, resourcing and financing of the completed works as well as more broadly for Port Vila.

84. A government, community and private sector initiative was undertaken to understand the past operational and maintenance activities and to solicit support to continued these actions, including the projects role in promoting regular and time specific maintenance schedules. Stakeholder discussions will continue throughout the duration of the project to ensure information is exchanged and constructive dialogue is maintained with all stakeholders.

85. An Operation and Maintenance program is expected to be developed during the period of contract implementation of the works with the intention of developing the management, resourcing and financial capacity to maintain the roads and drainage networks into the future.



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Figure 1: RD P1 Proposed Area of Work (roads highlighted in grey).



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Figure 2 (Part 1) : RD P1 Proposed Drainage Plan



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Figure 2 (Part 2) : RD –P1 Proposed Drainage Plan



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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction - Screening of Potential Impacts

86. The SEMP RD P1 is categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for “Roads and Highways” checklist (Annex 3), as Environment Category B in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 (ADB, 2009). Therefore, as part of the RD P1 SEMP process, a number of these potential impact issues and mitigation measures were identified and thus were screened by the project’s environmental team to determine the level of environmental risk. These potential impacts were analysed through a standard Environmental Risk Management Framework (ERMF) and key issues documented in this report. The risks can be summarised as potential impacts associated with the (i) pre construction (ii) construction and (iii) operation/management phases of the project.

87. In addition, a summary of the potential environmental issues and their likely impacts on physical, biological, socio-economic and physical cultural resources and specific mitigation measures were identified to ensure all such environmental impacts can be avoided or managed to reduce impacts to acceptable levels. These are documented in sections 4.4 through 4.10.

88. The immediate goal and main effect of the sub-project component is to upgrade and modernize the existing vehicle roadway, adjacent footpaths and drainage systems associated with the RD P1 scope of works.

89. Through the PVUDP social safeguard screening assessment process it was found that there is no expected risk of landlessness, loss of home, and/or loss of major income source as a result of the project. In addition there are no expected negative impacts on social structures or communities nor is there any adverse impacts on cultural identities or heritage issues for business and individuals. The project will not require acquisition of private or customary-owned land. However, it was identified that public awareness, understanding and information exchange associated with the project is required to ensure community support and compliance. The PVUDP social safeguard assessments, including Indigenous People (IP) and Involuntary Resettlement (IR) issues associated with the RD P1 have been documented in the PVUDP Report Number 36 (August 2015) “Resettlement Plan – Roads and Drainage RD P1” (Annex 1). This report should be referred to for additional background information if required. The ADB IEE requirements of Indigenous People (IP) and Involuntary Resettlement (IR) issues associated with the project component are extremely low and require no additional investigation or reporting.

4.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF)

90. The environmental risk for the RD P1 is based on international best practices. Annex 4 provides a detailed description of the processes undertaken to evaluate the risks associated with the RD P1 and provides a risk assessment matric presenting the assessment results.

4.3 General Impact Assessment

91. The impact assessment is based on an Environmental Risk and Likely Impact (“ERLI”) approach. This approach is used to justify the risk ratings assigned to each of the elements identified. For each potential construction phase impact on the environment identified in this report, two key areas in the impact assessment process have been addressed:



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a. Environmental Risk - This essentially considers the risk of irreversible change to natural ecological processes and community interaction; and

b. Likely Impact - This considers the likely impact of the proposal, as modified and undertaken in accordance with mitigation strategies (including any environmental management plan).

92. The significance of the impacts is placed in an appropriate context in which to justifiably determine the impact’s significance. In particular, the duration of the impact (temporary versus permanent), reversibility has been considered and the ability of natural systems (including population, communities and ecosystems) to accept or assimilate impacts is addressed. Mitigation strategies are listed for each aspect recording a risk level; these factors have been pre-determined by the REA.

93. The Risk Management Framework (RMF) (Annex 4) identified that there are no identifiable significant environmental risks for the RD P1 project scope of works, however a high level of risk was recorded for the construction phase associated with the potential of site contamination due to the use of land based hazardous materials. This is due to the standard materials used during road and drainage construction activities, specifically bitumen and concrete used to lay the new road carriageway and petrochemicals (e.g. Fuel, oils) used associated with the machinery. The use of these materials triggers this risk level; however due diligences and standard road building management and monitoring protocols that will be implemented will greatly reduce the potential environmental risk.

94. Of the other ten (10) construction phase risks assessed three (3) recorded medium levels of risk, all of which are associated with elevated noise, dust and vibration levels during construction, and the potential waste materials and site contamination resulting from the scope of work, four (4) recorded low levels and three (3) recorded very low levels of environmental risk. The three (3) operational environmental risks assessed resulted in low levels of risk associated with the long term cleaning and maintenance of the RD P1 systems.

95. The environmental risks identified to be high and of medium risk values including mitigation actions are discussed below. In addition the below section includes a description of safety issues and concerns required to manage the construction phase, which includes protocols and guidelines required to ensure the construction site is managed and meets the requirements of the GoV. Those risks identified as low, very low or no risks are not discussed. Through due diligence and compliance to GoV building and environmental standards will ensure these potential risks remain very low.

4.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal

Impact: Use of hazardous substances during construction, such as oils and lubricants can cause significant impacts if uncontrolled or if waste is not disposed correctly.

The contractor through the CEMP will articulate mitigation measures that will control access to and the use of hazardous substances such as oils and lubricants and control waste disposal.

Detailed information is articulated in the PVUDP IEE however key issues pertaining directly to the RD P1 project are discussed below.

Mitigation Measures:

The contractor shall ensure implementation of such measures to include; Safe storage of fuel, other hazardous substances and bulk materials are

agreed by DEPC and follow internationally recognised good practice;



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Hydrocarbon and toxic material will be stored in adequately protected site/s consistent with national and local regulations and codes of practice to prevent soil and water contamination;

Segregate hazardous wastes (oily wastes, used batteries, fuel drums) and ensure that storage, transport and disposal shall not cause pollution and shall be undertaken consistent with national regulations and code of practice;

All storage containers are in good condition with proper labelling; Regularly check containers for leakage and undertake necessary repair or

replacement; Store hazardous materials above possible flood level; Discharge of oil contaminated water shall be prohibited; Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of off-site

at a facility authorized by the DEPC; Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hydrocarbon

contamination of drainage channel beds; Spill clean-up materials will be made available before works commence (e.g.,

absorbent pads, etc.) specifically designed for petroleum products and other hazardous substances where such materials are being stored;

Spillage, if any, will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces;

All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations complying with all the applicable statutory stipulations;

Provided the Materials and Spoil Management Plan (MSMP) is prepared, approved and implemented in accordance with the above recommendations; and

The environmental impacts associated with hazardous waste management are expected to be negligible.

4.5 Air Quality

Impact: Air quality conditions within the RD P1 project area are expected to be temporally reduced during the construction phase of the project through increased dust production resulting from construction activities and vehicle movements. Impacts will be sporadic and subjected to the existing weather conditions during the construction period.

The implementation of best practices mitigation and management measures will greatly reduce potential impacts.


The contractor shall ensure implementation of such measures to include; Reduce the speed of all vehicles within the RD P1 site to 30 Km/h and a

reduction of speed through settlement areas; Speed limit signboards to be erected and fixed within the RD P1 construction

site/s; The material carrying trucks should be covered with a tarpaulin so that the

construction material will not be spilled while transporting to the project site from the construction yard;

Facility for regular cleaning and wetting of the construction corridor should be provided to limit the dust emission where required and practical;

Regularly cleaning (washing) of construction vehicles in a dedicated location to reduce dust;



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The construction equipment and all vehicles used should be well maintained and emission level should be kept low;

Stockpiles of construction material where possible should not be placed in the vicinity of the coastal shoreline to avoid possible contamination. If stockpiles are required they are to be placed in areas away from the coastline, covered by tarpaulin and proper care will be taken that the material will not be washed in to the coastal waters; and

The construction debris will not be left on the construction site but it will be removed to a dedicated waste disposal sites.

4.6 Noise Levels

Impact: Temporary impacts in the immediate vicinity due to noise generating from construction activities superimposed by existing vehicular noise and other activities within the Port Vila CBD is of utmost importance. Noise levels in this area will increase due to the activities of the project and are expected to range between 80 to 90 dB (A). The magnitude of impacts will depend upon specific types of equipment to be used, the construction methods employed and the scheduling of the work.

The largest noise impact will be generated from construction site traffic transporting materials and equipment to the site and operation of machinery at the site. This will be temporary and sporadic over the construction period.

Implementation of good practice construction methods such as using well maintained powered mechanical equipment equipped with silencers would ensure impacts are minimized and acceptable.

Some construction operations will be scheduled to coincide and abide with the Port Vila Control of Nocturnal Noise Act which restricting all associated work activities of this project between the hours of 5 am and 9 pm daily. However, a request has been submitted to PVMC to enable all works to be undertaken outside these hours. A copy of the exemption will be provided to the Contractor, indicating scope of the exemption and conditions.


Machinery and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular attention to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to minimum;

Protection devices (ear plugs or ear muffs) will be provided to the workers operating in the vicinity of high noise generating machines;

4.7 Water Quality

Impact: During the construction phase of the project there is the potential, if not correctly managed, for localized and short-term water contamination resulting from runoff including suspended sediments, plastics and construction contaminants entering the surrounding environment and the inshore coastal marine areas through the existing waste water drainage pipe systems. This will only occur during the initial cleaning of the storm water drainage pipes and periods of high rainfall during the construction period. All drainage system cleaning and construction runoff will be contained and localised. There is also the potential of hazardous chemicals (e.g. petrochemicals) resulting from the construction activities being involved (see section 4.4 above).

Construction activities that may result in degrading the water quality include;



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Clearance of the project sites and temporary stockpiling of excavated

materials; Excavation and resurfacing works associated with the construction of all:

Road carriage ways; Drainage systems; and PAA’s.

Storm water drainage system pipe cleaning, repair and replacement, and Spoil disposal from excavation works.

Implementation of good practice construction methods will ensure impacts are minimized and acceptable.


A range of proven mitigation measures associated with good construction practice will be implemented during the up grading of the road and site drainage to avoid or minimize sedimentation impacts in the project area. As a minimum these mitigation measures will include: Minimizing the vegetation clearance; Cover/stabilize all exposed surfaces and excavated materials during

construction; Implementing effective construction site drainage such that runoff is

directed to sediment traps before discharge to the environment and/or Port Vila harbour;

All waste water should not be directed nor spill onto the coastal foreshore strip;

Close construction supervision to ensure the above measures are implemented; and

Provisions of stop work during periods of rainfall and avoid the construction during the nation’s wet season wet (January - April).

All stormwater drains during cleaning (inspection) and/or removal at a minimum will include; All efforts undertaken to reduce and/or eliminate waste material being

disposed of a manner that may be detrimental to the immediate surrounding environment.

Use geotextile sediment filter socks directly attached to the terminal (seaward) end of the waste water pipes and/or the deployment of silt curtain directly adjacent to the pipes coastal outfall.

Effective implementation of the above mitigation measures will ensure that the potential short term impacts on water quality resulting from the construction phase of the Project will be of reduced and managed.



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4.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management

Impact: Moderate amounts of limestone aggregates, sand and cement and other equipment and materials will be required for the up-grade and replacement construction of the roads and drainage systems. It is envisaged that a dedicated borrow pit /quarry will not be required for the RD P1 project and that aggregates can be sourced from existing sources on Efate Island.

Excavation activities will be limited with a corresponding limited volume of excess spoil needing to be disposed of.

Materials sources will be identified by the contractor and will be detailed in MSMP as part of the CEMP. Both these management plans are articulated in the PVUDP IEE however key issues pertaining directly to the RD P1 project are highlighted below.

The contractor will be required to prepare and implement a MSMP to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and provide for safe disposal of excess spoil. As a first priority, where surplus materials arise from the removal of the existing surfaces these will be used elsewhere on the project for fill (if suitable) before additional rock, gravel or sand extraction is considered. The MSMP will include as a minimum consideration of the following: Required materials, potential sources and estimated quantities available; Impacts related to identified sources and availability; Excavated material for reuse and recycling methods to be employed; Excess spoil to be disposed of and methods proposed for disposal

endorsement/Permit from PVMC and DEPC for the disposal of excess spoil; and

Methods of transportation to minimize interference with normal traffic.

Moreover the contractor will be responsible for;

Identifying suitable sources and obtaining all agreements associated with the sources;

Fill requirements to minimize need for aggregates from other sources; Managing topsoil, overburden, and low-quality materials so they are

properly removed, stockpiled short term near the site (covered to prevent runoff), and preserved for reuse; and,

Arranging for the safe disposal of any excess spoil including provision for stabilization, erosion control, drainage and re-vegetation provisions at the disposal site.


Contractor to prepare MSMP as part of CEMP; Construction materials, such as sand and aggregate needed for concrete

should come from existing quarries, in compliance with government regulations;

All excess spoil and construction waste material not to be dumped; On wetlands, forest areas, coastal and other ecologically sensitive areas; On private property without written consent of the owner; In to any water course and should not contaminate any water course;

The vehicles used should be fitted with spill proof equipment;



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There should be direction boards that are easy to read and accessible to all construction staff providing route to be used to the disposal site, conformity using this route needs to be ensured.

All workers at the disposal yard should be provided with; Safety attire (Personal Protective Equipment – (PPE); Proper training and knowledge associated with health hazards associated

with the work. Effective implementation of the MSMP by the contractor as outlined above

will ensure that potential environmental impacts associated with the management and disposal of construction materials will be negligible.

4.9 Safety Issues

Impact: A Health and Safety Plan (HSP) as part of the CEMP is required to be developed by the contractor to establish; (i) routine safety measures and reduce risk of accidents during construction; (ii) include emergency response and preparedness; and (iii) accidental spill procedures highlighting the sizes and types of spills that may occur, and the resources (onsite and/or offsite) that will be required to handle and treat the spill.

The HSP will cover both Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) (workers) and community health and safety. The HSP will be appropriate to the nature and scope of construction activities and as much as reasonably possible meet the requirements of good engineering practice and national regulations (OH&S Act, 2002). The HSP will include agreement on consultation requirements (workers) established in the PVUDP Communication Plan, establishment and monitoring of acceptable practices to protect safety, links to the complaints management system for duration of the works (in accordance with agreed GRM, and system for reporting of accidents and incidents.


Before construction commences the contractor will conduct training for all workers on environmental safety and environmental hygiene. The contractor will instruct workers in health and safety matters as required by good engineering practice and national regulations;

Ensure an adequate spill response kits are provided, accessible and that designated key staff are trained in its use;

Ensure that first aid, including the provision of trained personnel, is available on site and arrangements in place to ensure the removal for medical attention of workers who have suffered an accident or sudden illness at the construction site;

The manner in which first aid facilities and personnel are to be provided should be prescribed by national laws or regulations, and drawn up after consulting the competent health authority and representative organizations of employers and workers concerned;

Regular meetings will be conducted to maintain awareness levels of health and safety issues and requirements;

Legal working hours and official holidays to be respected; Vanuatu minimum wage requirements to be observed; Workers shall be provided (before they start work) with appropriate PPE

suitable for civil work such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothes, goggles, and ear protection at no cost to the workers. Instructions on their use around the construction site will be delivered as part of the safety introduction



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procedures and site agents/foremen will follow up to see that the safety equipment is used and not sold on;

The site office and works yard will be equipped with first aid facilities including first aid kits in construction vehicles;

Provision of potable water supply at the work site; Child labour laws are to be strictly enforced at all work sites; Work place labour laws are to be strictly enforced at all work sites; All signage are to be in Bislama (local language) and repeated in either/or

English and French, the two official national languages of Vanuatu; and All measures related to workers safety & health protection shall be free of

charge to workers. The workers’ OH&S plan is to be submitted by the contractor before construction commences and should include public safety and be approved by PWD.

4.10 Construction Site/s

Impact: The workforce is expected to be small and it is unlikely that there will be need for accommodation at the site. However, a site storage/maintenance area is likely to be established for the duration of the construction period.

Workers access to portable toilets and associated sanitation facilities will be provided at each work site.

The contractor will be required to adopt good management practices to ensure that both physical impacts and social impacts associated with a storage/maintenance area are minimized. All fuels, raw sewage, wastewater effluent, and construction debris associated with the construction storage/maintenance area is disposed of appropriately. Social impacts have not been identified as an issue with the RD P1 project, however measurers need to be in place to address potential conflict issues between (i) workers, (ii) workers and the contractor and (iii) the contractor and works with the general public. The RD P1 includes the Port Vila CBD, commercial business and residential areas and therefore interaction between the general public and contractor/workers is high. Public understanding and support is required to ensure the success of the project.

Road, drainage and PAA upgrades will require some shallow excavation work which may potentially affect water and to a lessor degree power supply lines (power poles above ground are generally used).


The contractor will put up notice boards regarding the scope and schedule of construction, as well as certain construction activities causing disruptions or access restrictions;

The facilities (storage and maintenance) will be fenced and sign-posted and unauthorized access or entry by general public will be prohibited;

All notice board to be written in Bislama and/or English and French; For unskilled activities and labour, ever effort to hire local people (including

women) for these positions should be a priority: Accidental damage to utilities will be minimized by (i) obtaining plans from the

Public works identifying locations of pipelines and power cables and (ii) consultation with local business owners and staff on the location of utilities prior to commencing excavation operations.



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96. In summary, the SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the road, drainage and PAA has a low environmental footprint. When completed there will result in a marked improvement to the environment due to the markedly better quality of stormwater discharge, road, and PAA services, improved access for business owner/operators in the CBD and the general public.

97. Impacts arising form the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localised and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigation measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented and monitored correctly. Due diligence during the construction phase, especially managing the initial sediment and pollutants removal from the drainage system and careful monitoring is essential to ensure environmental impacts are minimal.



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5.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATIONS, AND PARTICIPATION

98. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed account of the formal and informal stakeholder consultations that have been undertaken with National, Provincial and Municipal Governments, business, Non Government Organisations (NGO’s), communities and the wider public and should be referred for additional information. Information discussed and obtained during these consultation activities where relevant, have been incorporated into the projects design, including the RD P1 SEMP. Continued dialogue through formal and informal meetings will continue throughout the duration of the project to ensure information is exchanged and constructive dialogue is maintained with all stakeholders. In addition, stakeholder meetings and discussion were undertaken with by the PVUDP social safeguard unit associated with the projects roads, drainage and PAA, these separate reports should be reviewed for further information.

5.1 Provincial and Community Level Consultations

99. Shefa Provincial Government (SPG), Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC) and community/business consultations in respect of both environmental and social issues associated with RD P1 were undertaken in Port Vila during October 2014 and between the months of March and April 2015. The purpose of these consultation were to (i) disseminate and communicate an overview of the project and its specific goals and objectives including the areas the project will operate in, (ii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and (iii) discuss any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project.

100. The project team met specifically (15.10.2014) with the Town Clerk (Mr. Ronald Sandy), Acting Town Planner (Mr. William Frank), and the Sanitation Officer (Mr. Roger Tari) of the PVMC and held initial meetings with Michel Kalorai, Secretary General of Shefa Provincial Council (SPC) the Area Council Secretaries for the roads and drainage areas and the elected councillors of the PVMC to (i) introduce and explain the project, including specific activities, requirements and time lines of work activities, (ii) environmental safeguard requirements of the project and its subcomponents, specifically related to roads and drainage, (iii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and, (iv) and to any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project, (v) to initiate a professional working relationship and open communication lines with the SHP and PVMC and (vi) to request the PVMC assistance in supporting the projects consultation process.

101. Throughout the project design phase extensive formal and informal discussions have taken place with PVMC, private sector business owners, land owners and community residents centred around the disclosure of information on the overall project and the sub components projects, which included descriptions of the potential environmental impacts, and to seek feedback relating to the project and any concerns. Annex 5a lists the location and date of some of these specific formal stakeholder consultation and public disclosure meetings that have been undertaken since 2014. Continued formal and informal meetings and discussions will continue over the duration of the project to ensure all stakeholders are informed of the scope of works and have a opportunity to be engaged in the projects development.

102. A specific formal consultation with the owners (Leaseholders) of land that includes project drainage systems associated with the RD P1 was undertaken on the 26th of June 2015 to discuss the process required to formalise easement access agreements to allow long term maintenance



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and repair. Annex 5b lists the names of the 16 attendees. Further consultation workshops and meetings associated with stakeholders have been documented in the PVUDP RD P1 Resettlement Plan (PUVDP Number 36) and should be referred.

103. In addition, the PVUDP team will be undertaking face to face meetings with all land owners throughout the RD P1 project associated with amendments and changes to the project’s PAAs.

104. Key concerns raised in respect to the current issues associated with the RD P1 included; (i) poor drainage, road condition and how this affects the daily lives of residents and commercial activities, (ii) difficulties associated with accessing areas within the RD P1 during periods of high rainfall both for vehicle and pedestrian movement and access, (iii) health and sanitation concerns especially during periods of poor weather (heavy rain).

5.2 National Government Level Consultations for the RD P1

105. DSCD commenced work on the PVUDP in 2012 and a number of concept design options for the roads and drainage were prepared from which consultations were undertaken with a number of GoV Ministries and Departments, PVMC, communities and general public. These and additional consultations led to further design concepts being developed and reviewed resulting in an agreed final RD P1 project design.

106. Consultations at the national level were undertaken on a one on one basis with relevant government agencies and NGO’s associated the roads and drainage systems of Port Vila. The purpose of the consultations was to i) briefly outline the key features of the project (locations, final design), ii) ascertain key stakeholders’ views and concerns in relation to the proposed developments, and iii) obtain information from the national level stakeholders on environmental and social characteristics of the sites that would assist in the preparation of the environmental compliance reports for the project.

107. A list of key national stakeholders consulted is provided in Annex 5c. Relevant information obtained and comments made during the consultations relating specifically to the RD P1 components of the PVUDP have been internally discussed and incorporated into the SEMP where appropriate. No significant environmental constraints on the proposed project were identified through the national level consultations with all those consulted being supportive of the project. The most significant comments from all stakeholders expressed the importance of project to ensure the roads and drainage infrastructure of Port Vila are upgraded and improvement to existing flooding and sediment load entering the marine environment.

5.3 Project Disclosure

108. The initial disclosure of the RD P1 project to the PVMC, SHP, key government, NGO, institutions and local communities stakeholders was undertaken during the community consultation and participation process delivered during the month of September – November 2014 and follow up consultations (2015) during the delivery of the scope of works. This included a detailed description of the project, location and operation to ensure an understanding of the project was fully appreciated and included potential social and environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures.

109. The SEMP for the RD P1 sub component of the PVUDP will be disclosed appropriately to the communities in accordance with the government requirements as per EIA Regulations Order



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No. 175 (2011). The development of this document has included verbal discussions with appropriate stakeholders and invitation for comment on draft versions to ensure full understanding and compliance to national and municipal regulations. Equally important the ADB will review and comment on the draft report and all comments and recommendation will be reviewed and relevant information incorporated into the final document.

110. The PVUDP has a communication plan that is relevant to the RD P1 sub project and will provide guidance on the content and spatial delivery of the communication package of the road, drainage and associated PAA sub component.

111. During the construction phase of the roads and drainage, the contractor will, as part of their contract, disclose information on the location and duration of all construction operations. The contractor will assign a liaison officer who will be responsible for receiving, and acting on complaints associated with the project. Consultation meetings will be held every month over the duration of the project (expected to be approximate 18 months) to gather feedback and provide the opportunity for community members to air any concerns that need to be addressed during construction.

5.4 Project Communication Plan

112. The PVUDP communication plan has been developed and is discussed in detail in the projects IEE and should be referred for additional information. The projects communications plan has two objectives, which are both relevant to the RD P1 scope of works. This includes;

a. At the project level, internal and external stakeholders are engaged and informed

routinely of the RD P1 project outputs and outcomes to contribute, as necessary, for the effective delivery of the subproject component; and

b. For the civil works component, the objective is to ensure that the necessary communications are established to manage the contract in accordance with each party’s contractual obligations. Further, to engage, involve and inform communities and other local stakeholders adjacent to the project site/s and to provide all parties with a process to deal effectively with complaints arising from the civil works activities.



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6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

113. An EMP addresses the environmental impacts during the design, construction and operational phases of a project. It outlines the key environmental management and safeguards that will be initiated by the project proponent to manage the project’s key environmental impacts. They provide tools for mitigating or offsetting the potential adverse environmental impacts resulting from various activities of the project and management measures that are to be applied during the projects implementation to avoid, reduce and mitigate adverse environmental impacts.

114. The general purpose of the RD P1 EMP is to;

Encourage good management practices through planning and commitment to environmental safeguarding and management;

Provide rational and practical environmental and social guidelines that will assist in minimising the potential environmental impact of activities;

Helps in minimising disturbance to the environment (physical, biological and ecological, socioeconomic, cultural, and archaeological);

Combat all forms of pollution through monitoring air, noise, land, water, waste and natural resources;

Prevent land degradation;

Comply and adhere to all applicable laws, regulations, standards and guidelines of GoV and the ADB safeguard policy for the protection of the environment;

To adopt best practicable waste management for all types of waste (liquid and solid) with the objective to prevention, minimization, recycling, treatment or disposal of wastes;

Describe all monitoring procedures required to identify impacts on the environment and social aspects;

Train and bring awareness to employees and contractors with regard to environmental obligations and compliance; and

Reduce environmental and social risk and provide better Health, Safety and Environment (HS&E).

115. The SEMP assessment of the RD P1 road and drainage upgrading including PAA has determined that the project will have no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. Impacts arising from the construction of the project are minor, very localised, temporal specific and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the projects EMP is adhered to. There are no foreseeable environmental issues associated with the long term operation of the RD P1 as long as regular maintenance is undertaken.

116. This EMP has been developed to outline the measures that are to be implemented in order to minimise adverse environmental impacts associated with the construction and upgrading of the roads and drainage systems of RD P1. It serves as a guide for the contractor and the workforce on their roles and responsibilities concerning environmental management on site and



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outlines the potential environmental impacts their mitigation measures, roles and responsibilities and timescales.

117. The EMP has been presented in two cross referenced tables, defining impacts mitigative measures needed to prevent or reduce effects (the Environmental Mitigation Table or EMiT – Section 6.2) and monitoring actions to track compliance and effectiveness of the mitigative measure (the Environmental Monitoring Table or EMoT – Section 6.3). The EMP also includes location, time and responsibility information, permitting follow up investigators to track all work undertaken.

118. The RD P1 EMP is to be used throughout the projects life cycle–commissioning, mobilisation, construction, operation and maintenance and is to be regularly updated and amended when required, to ensure alignment with progress. It has been developed to ensure it is directly linked to the overall EMP for the PVUDP and as such the implementation arrangements, environmental management responsibilities and institutional roles and responsibilities are the same. These are summarised briefly below however the PVUDP EMP should be referred for any additional background information.

119. RD P1 project will be implemented under a Design, Supervision and Capacity Development (DSCD) Consultant who will be responsible for all project works including the management of the works contractor. Provisions have been made for a National Environmental Specialist (NES) to be engaged to ensure environmental safeguards identified in this SEMP are implemented in accordance to GoV requirements.

120. The MFEM is the Executing Agency (EA) for the project and the MIPU, PWD and DEPC are the implementing agencies. The DEPC, supported by the DSC, will be responsible for ensuring, on a day-to-day basis, that the EMP is implemented during each stage of the projects delivery.

121. A contractor/s will be engaged to undertake the proposed road and drainage construction activities based on the projects detailed and approved plans. The projects contractor/s will be hired through a competitive tendering process that meets GoV requirements and procedures. The contractor will be responsible for ensuring that all design and construction environmental mitigation requirements specified are properly implemented during construction. The contractor will be required to describe the contactor’s construction methodology, measures and plans for implementing the EMP and as such must prepare a CEMP for the RD P1 construction site. The contractor will need to incorporate and adopt the following principles:

Compliance with the conditions of any approvals;

Compliance with environmental legislation;

Maintain a site diary and grievance registry;

Manage environmental risks associated with the project;

Maintain a healthy safe work practices for the workers, nearby commercial operators, residents and the general public;

Identify, control and where possible minimise the adverse environmental impacts arising from the works;

Prevent pollution, minimise waste and improve resource use efficiency; and



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Communicate openly with the government and the stakeholders regarding the environmental performance.

122. The CEMP shall be reviewed by the VPMU and recommended for approval by the DEPC prior to the contractor’s mobilisation to the site. The contractor will be required to report on the implementation status of the EMP to DEPC or its designator agency. The contractor’s requirements will be detailed in the scope of works and will include the following issues in no order of importance:

Erosion and Sediment Control: To minimize the amount of sediment lost from the site;

Dust Control: Responsible to control the dust emission from the construction activity;

Noise: Minimise the nuisance from the construction noise;

Health and Safety: to provide for safety of construction personnel and local population;

Traffic Safety: To minimise the risk of accidents during the construction;

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): The contractor should provide all PPE to conform to safety regulations;

The labour (work force) should not interfere with the local population;

Social and Community concern: to minimise social and community impacts; and

Signage: The contractor should place signboards in an accessible location to inform the general public about the hours of work.

123. The EMP prepared as part of this SEMP includes nine (9) preconstruction period mitigative and monitoring actions, sixteen (16) construction period mitigative and monitoring actions and two (2) operating period mitigative and monitoring actions.

124. Most important action required during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the Environment and Mitigation Plans to all stakeholders including the successful contractor(s), acquisition of all permits and consent requirements, the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop for the relevant government agencies, the contractor and relevant key business and community stakeholders. During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices, management of all wastes and proper disposal will be required and will be enforced. Due diligence and consideration of the CBD business operators, their customers, residence and general community need to guide construction activities to reduce inconveniences as best as possible. The development and implementation of a long-term maintenance program (including the allocation of suitable funds) is required to ensure the road surface and drainage systems continue to successfully operate.

125. The Department of Geology, Mines & Water Resources (DGMWR) as mandated by the Water Resources Management Act 2002 will be responsible for all water monitoring (freshwater and marine) associated with the PVUDP. The PVUDP will make every effort to provide support where required to assist the DGMWR to ensure the projects water monitoring activities are undertaken. Technical assistance and funds through the PVUDP may be required. Specific freshwater monitoring activities are not required for the RD P1 sub-component, as these activities



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will be undertaken for the larger comprehensive PVUDP. Similarly, there is no marine water quality monitoring required for the sub component as the project does not impact coastal waters. It is understood at the writing of this report that the VTIP project due to their direct construction activities associated with the coastal foreshore and marine areas will be developing marine waters monitoring program. Results obtained through this program will provide direct data on quality adjacent to the works.

126. Reporting will be completed regularly during the construction period, and will include monthly reports from the contractor to the PVUDP, and quarterly reports prepared by the PVUDP to the VPMU as detailed in the EMP- EMoT.

6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

127. A PVUDP RD P1 has been established to address concerns, complaints and grievances arising during the course of implementing the PVUDP and its subcomponent projects. Members of the public may perceive risks to themselves or their property or have concerns about the environmental performance of the project. These issues may relate to construction and/or operations and therefore they will have rights to file complaints for the contractor and the VPMU to address promptly and sensitively, and for complaints to be made without retribution.

128. The GRM includes the following;

The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. The Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO) will be frequently on site and will receive and register complains in the first instant. The register will be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

There will be a dedicated landline number installed by the PVUDP and all complaints received will be recorded using a software spread sheet which will then be attended to accordingly by the Community and Gender Participation Specialist (CGPS). This compliant spreadsheet will also be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

Any land grievances associated with the civil works will follow the same procedure of communication where the complaint will be registered by the CLO or by contacting the dedicated landline established by the project. In considering that the Memorandum of Understanding (MOUs) or consents would have been already executed, this should already be a mitigation measure to avoid any significant grievances.

129. For all general GRM associated with the RD P1 (and all sub components of the PVUDP) the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances (diagrammatically represented in Figure 2).

All minor land related grievances that can be resolved immediately on the site. Other land related grievances would be handled separately. The focus of the GRM is to resolve issues in a customarily appropriate fashion at the community level.

Community concerns, complaints and grievances will be taken and registered into the Complaints log by the Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO). Should the CLO or an individual not be satisfied with any aspect of their communication in relation to issue on site, the matter will then be taken to the Resident Engineer. If the



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issue cannot be resolved by the Resident Engineer, then it will be referred to the Engineer or higher until the grievance is resolved.

It is unlikely that non-land related grievances would progress beyond the Engineer level for resolution. Should a grievance proceed to the Employer level and resolution not be achieved at that level, then the Employer would have no option but to withdraw the Contractor from the site and for the grievance to be handled through legal processes.

The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. The register will be made available for inspection by any authorised representatives of the Employer. The Contractor will inform the Resident Engineer of all grievances received including those that have been resolved.

Figure 2. General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP.

130. For all general GRM associated with the PVUDP and sub-components the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances;

For each site, a consent between VPMU and site stakeholders (including landholders if applicable) has been signed in which the stakeholders have agreed to the construction of the road or drainage. Any minor land related grievances associated with the Contractor’s site operations are to be handled using the mechanism shown above. Any other land related grievances are not the responsibility of the Contractor, Field Superintendent or Engineer to resolve.

Land related grievances, other than minor grievances described above, will be managed in accordance with the Custom Land Management Act, Land Leases Act,

Resolution

No resolution

Individual or group

Community Liaison Officer

Resident Engineer

Engineer

Employer



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Land Acquisition Act and Land Acquisition Act. The Act provides for the establishment of Customary Land Tribunals at village, custom level, sub-areas and higher levels and proscribes a dispute resolution process. The Act encourages parties involved in a customary land dispute to attempt first to resolve disputes in accordance with the rules of custom or in any other lawful way before taking the matter to a Tribunal. If a dispute has not been resolved by negotiation then the disputing parties can request the formation of a Village Land Tribunal, which will hear the dispute. Appeals are permitted at higher-level tribunals.

131. The following principals have been developed to ensure the successful GRM implementation, these include:

Mechanisms and procedures will provide for two-way communication;

Culturally and gender appropriate communication and consultation mechanisms will be used;

Existing communication methods will be used where they meet the individual communication needs;

The contracts for roads and drainage will include obligations for communicating with project communities and stakeholders through a permanent CLO;

Complaints handling procedure will be established and will provide a process for dissatisfied complainants to take their complaints to a higher level;

Communication and consultation will be treated as a routine procedure; and

Communication procedures will be refined as necessary throughout the life of the sub project.



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6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Table 1 - EMP Mitigation Table (EMiT)

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures

Location Time Frame Responsibility

Implement-

ation

Supervision

1.0 PRE-CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition

Consult VPMU and DEPC, submit SEMP RD P1 and make development consent application under statutory process.

Ensure approved EMP and any conditions of development consent are included in contractor’s contract documents including:

i) requirement for Contractor to seek approval and update EMP if significant changes are made tooriginal design,

ii) requirement for Contractor to prepare a CEMP (based on EMP) for approval before commencement of construction phase. The CEMP will demonstrate the manner (location, responsibilities, schedule/ timeframe, budget, etc.) in which the contractor will implement the mitigation measures specified in the EMP approved under MNRE development consent.

Disclose SEMP project documents including Communication plan and established GRM.

VPMU and DEPCOffice

Once Contractor has been selected.

DSCD PWD

1.2 Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into RD P1 design.

Design criteria in respect to extreme weather events (e.g. cyclones, tsunami) resulting in flooding, strong winds.

Construction material used is salt water and tropical resistant, built to withstand high rainfall and practical for local conditions, including long term maintenance and cleaning.

PWD and DEPC

Civil design specifications in tender document & awarded contract.

DSCD VPMU, PWD

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure design takes into account minimal disturbance of surround ecosystems and sound management of wastes associated with the RD P1.

PWD and DEPC

Incorporated into Engineer Design Documents

DSCD VPMU, PWD DSCD Team

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Specify in tender document qualified staffs are required to implement, manage, and monitor environmental and safety issues of the project.

EMP included in bid documents to ensure that mitigation measures are budgeted and to prepare the contractor for environmental responsibilities.

Contractor to submit site specific environmental

PWD, Contractor and DSCD.

Specifications in tender document & awarded contract.

DSCD, PWD, Contractor.

VPMU, PWD DSCD Team



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures

Location Time Frame Responsibility Implement-

ation

Supervision

management plan (CEMP) based on contractual EMP. 1.5 Environmental capacity development

VPMU and/or DSCD to commit sufficient resources for project duration to oversee EMP implementation.

VPMU and/or DSCD funds for general training and awareness of safeguards requirements (e.g. workshops and on-the-job training).

Conduct contractor / workers’ orientation on EMP provisions.

PWD, DSCD team and contractor.

Prior to start of site works and throughout construction phase.

VPMU, DSCD team and contractor

PWD

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation

Inclusion of OH&S requirements in Bid Documentation including:

(i) Allocation of responsibility for safety inspections to a designated, qualified and experienced Health and Safety Officer (HSO) within the Contractor’s staff;

(ii) Training of workers on safety precautions, for themselves and others and for implementing emergency procedures;

(iii) Provision of protective clothing and equipment to workers as appropriate;

(iv) Ensuring that vehicle and equipment operators are properly licensed and trained;

(v) Arranging for provision of first aid facilities; (vi) Emergency evacuation procedures; (vii) Provision for regular safety checks of vehicles and

material; (viii) Provision of hazard warning signs at the all

construction sites; and (ix) Requirement for the Contractor to maintain a register

of accidents detailing date, circumstances, severity, action taken and outcomes.

RD P1 work site and all associated work activities.

Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD

PWD

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of waste disposal activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

Site office and works yard established in conjunction with PVMC to service RD P1.

Municipal and community protocols discussed/ agreed and all workers informed and aware as part of induction process.

Contractor responsible to ensure compliance of all workers to municipal and community rules and codes of conduct.

Appropriate signage and security in implemented at project sites.


Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD.

PWD



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

EMP provided to VPMU within the RD P1 SEMP. EMP included in contractors tender bid documents. Workshop and information interactive exchange

opportunity delivered Information exchange.

VPMU office Prior to start of works program.

DSCD PWD

1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and how it is operated.

A stakeholder participatory meeting is required prior to commencement of work, to ensure business and general public are aware of the GRM and how it is operated.


Prior to start of works program

DSCD PWD

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accidental risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

To the extent possible, avoid the mobilization of heavy equipment’s at night and restrict movements during standard daily working hours.

Over-width and over-length vehicles should display adequate warnings such as flashing lights, signs, and flags on extending parts of equipment.

Designated routes for construction vehicles, stakeholders informed, local speed limits and road rules adhered to.

Provision of signboards for the safe movement of the pedestrians.

Details of any necessary road or lane closure, diversion or deviations.

RD P1 work site and all associated work locations.

Continuous during the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD, Traffic

Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Safety awareness and education will be provided to all

workers and will include;

(i) Warning and/or Precaution Signs on safety

throughout the RD P1 area.

(ii) Safety Helmets.

(iii) Instruction on health and safety for the workforce

engaged in the construction.

(iv) Establishment of all relevant safety measures

required by GoV laws, donor agency and good

engineering practices.

(v) Provision and accessibility of first aid facilities at the

construction sites.



Contractor PWD,

Department of

Labour, Traffic

Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Ensuring that all works operations take place in the presence of the Contractor’s Supervisor, who is responsible for ensuring all reasonable precautions are undertaken to prevent damage to property.

The contractor supervisor is fully aware of the PVUDP GRM.



Contractor PWD,

Department of

Labour, Traffic

Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.4 Accidental damage to utilities.

Obtaining plans from the PVMC and relevant government and public agencies showing the locations of pipelines and power cables, and mark prior to start of works program.

Consultation with local business on the location of utilities prior to commencing excavation operations.


Continuous but prior to the start of excavation works and during the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD,

Department of

Labour, Traffic

Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.5 Construction waste disposal and wastewater from construction site.

Preparation and implementation of waste management plan by contractor before start of work.

No waste should be dumped within the RD P1 sites; Waste to be immediately removed from the project sites

and disposed off at the projects dedicated and approved waste management site.

All wastewater is to be preventing as best as possible from entering the adjacent terrestrial and coastal marine waters.

Siltation traps an/or socks will be placed at the construction sites to regulate and manage wastewater sedimentation issues, including specific sedimentation and pollution collection during storm water drainage cleaning.



Contractor PWD, DEPC

Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens.

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.

Segregation of wastes shall be observed and provisions

supplied (e.g. waste collection bins).

Organic (bio-degradable) waste material shall be

collected and disposed of off-site by composting (burning

allowed in designated land fill site in accordance with local

regulations).

All non-hazardous wastes to be disposed off at the



Contractor PWD, DECP,

Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

projects dedicated and approved waste management site.

2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.

Hydrocarbon and toxic materials to be stored in adequately protected sites to prevent soil and water contamination, while vehicle maintenance and refuelling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed to contain spilled lubricants and fuels.

Fuel depot shall be provided with impervious flooring and bund/containment wall to keep spilled fuel/lubricant within the depot;

Locate storage areas for petrochemical products including bitumen at least 500 metres from the coastline.

Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of in an authorized facility off-site.

Spill waste will be disposed at disposal sites approved by local authorities.

Employ safe practices in filling bitumen distributor tanks and in heating bitumen. Do not allow smoking or fire of any kind in the vicinity of bitumen and kerosene blending tanks. Provide a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher at the bitumen tank site for fire fighting.

Stop road asphalting and/or concreting activities during periods of heavy rainfall.

Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hydrocarbon contamination of the drainage systems. Spillage, if any, will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces.

All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations complying all the applicable statutory stipulations.

The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization.

Bitumen will not be allowed to enter drainage systems and nor will be disposed of in ditches or small waste disposal sites prepared by the contractor.

Bitumen storage and mixing areas shall be protected against spills and all contaminated soil must be properly



Contractor PWD, DEPC,

Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens.



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

handled according to applicable national and local laws and regulation. As a minimum, these areas must be contained, such that any spills can be immediately contained and cleaned up. Any petroleum products used in the preparation of the bitumen mixture must also be carefully managed to avoid spills and contamination of the local water table.

2.8 Noise and Vibration.

Provide information to nearby business/residents about the duration of noise generating operations, especially traffic moving through communities.

Planning of construction operations to minimize public nuisance.

All construction vehicles and machinery to have working mufflers and they will be properly maintained and conform to GoV noise emission requirements.

Activities that will generate high noise levels will be scheduled to coincide with period when people are least likely to be affected.

All construction activities generating noise to be undertaken between the hours approved by PVMC, noting the scope and conditions.

Enforcement of regulations subsequent to public awareness.




Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.9 Dust and Air

Pollution.

Provide information to nearby community, residents, business about the duration of dust generating operations.

Maintain all construction vehicles to minimize toxic vehicle emission.

Sprinkle water on the road surface to prevent dust emissions, is required.

Regular wetting or coverage of stockpiled material to ensure dust is not given off during windy conditions.

Prompt removal of waste material to reduce potential dust.

Concrete batching plant shall be located at least 500 m from settlements and market areas.




Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens.

2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

The management of Erosion includes: Storage and reuse of topsoil and stockpiles. Disposal of spoils off site.


During the Construction stage.


Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

Coverage of all spoils and stockpiles at all sites. Silt control, using sediment traps and/or socks to collect

and prevent the distribution of materials during construction.

Silt traps, socks and/or section isolation use mandatory when existing storm water drainage systems are cleaned to prevent discharge into waterways and coastal systems.

Vegetation disturbance/removal limited. Management of sediment laden water, when required.

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.11 Removal of vegetation.

Care needs to be exercised during construction to avoid physical damage to the existing trees adjacent to the project site.

Due diligence needs to be exercised in situations where practical root systems are required to be removed for construction and long term management of the roads and drainage systems.

If during construction trees are required to be removed discussions and approval is required from the VPMU before work can be undertaken.


During the Construction stage.


Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.12 Traffic disruption

during construction.

Provide information to nearby community residents, business about the duration of traffic disruptions and describe operations that will be undertaken.

Adherence to the RD P1 Traffic Guidance Scheme (TGS), Employ “flag men” to regulate the traffic flow at every

construction area, if required. Minimise nuisance to daily activities within the CBD and

surrounding RD P1 project site. Aquire relevant permits if RD P1 scope of works requires

activities to be undertaken outside of normal working hours – TGS will detail these activities.




Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.13 Minimise social and community impacts.

Methods of communication with key stakeholders, affected parties and the owners/occupiers of the neighbouring properties regarding the: (i) Likely timing and duration of work. (ii) Alternative routes. (iii) Access to properties.

Details of prior consultation and outline any measures

developed with such group to manage or mitigate adverse

effects.




Traffic Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

2.14 Public Health and

Safety Risks.

Barriers (e.g., temporary fence) shall be installed at construction areas to deter access if required.

The general public/local residents shall not be allowed in high-risk areas, e.g., excavation sites and areas where heavy equipment is in operation.




Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Workers shall be provided with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety shoes, hard hats, safety glasses, earplugs, gloves, etc.

The contractor shall orient workers on health and safety issues related to their activities as well as on the proper use of PPE.

Install channelling devices (e.g., traffic cones and barrels) or fence to delineate the work zone.

Workers shall be provided with potable water supply. Provision of distinguishing clothing or reflective devices or

otherwise conspicuously visible material when there is regular exposure of workers to danger from moving vehicles.

Monitoring and control of the working environment and planning of safety and health precautions should be performed as prescribed by national laws and regulations.This includes; (i) Workers who have received appropriate training in

accordance with national laws and regulations shall operate construction equipment.

(ii) The drivers and operators of vehicles and materials handling equipment shall be medically fit, trained and tested and of a prescribed minimum age as required by the government rules and regulation.

(iii) Safety provisions shall be brought to the notice of all concerned by displaying or notice board at a prominent place at the work locations.

(iv) The contractor shall be responsible for observance, by his sub-contractors, of all health and safety provisions.

(v) The contractor should take adequate measures for the control of malaria and other mosquito vector diseases.



Contractor PWD,

Department of

Labour, Traffic

Unit of

Vanuatu Police

Force, PVMC

Wardens



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

(vi) All vehicles used in the construction yard should have reverse horns.

(vii) There should be proper demarcation of work areas with signage boards showing the work areas. The signboards should be in local language and Englishand/or French.

(viii) Suitable warning should be displayed at all places where contact with or proximity to electrical equipment can cause danger.

(ix) Persons having to operate electrical equipment should be fully instructed as to any possible danger of the equipment concerned. All the electrical equipment should be inspected before it is taken into use to ensure that it is suitable for its purpose.

(x) Water transport tanks, storage tanks and dispensing container should be designed, used, cleaned and disinfected at suitable intervals in a manner approved by the competent authority.

(xi) Water that is unfit to drink should be conspicuously indicated by notices prohibiting workers from drinking it.

(xii) Secure storage areas should be provided for flammable liquids, solids and gases such as liquefied petroleum gas cylinder, paints and other such materials in order to deter trespassers.

(xiii) Smoking should be strictly prohibited and no smoking notices be predominantly displayed in all places containing readily combustible or flammable materials

(xiv) Only suitably protected electrical installations and equipment, including portable lamps, should be used.

(xv) Oil rags, waste and clothes or other substances liable to spontaneous ignition should be removed without delay to a safe place.

(xvi) Fire-extinguishing equipment should be provided at construction camps, asphalt plants, storage areas for combustible materials and other areas where fire hazards are found. Such equipment shall be properly maintained and inspected at suitable intervals by a



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

competent person. 2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

The contractor(s) will be responsible for filing monthly monitoring checklist reports, defining the mitigative measures undertaken, issues arising and future activities-based on the EMP.

NA Within 1 week of each month

Contractor DSCD

3.0 OPERATION PERIOD 3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of waste management plan. All roads inspected cleared and cleaned including road

surface wet during sweeping to reduce potential levels of airborne dust and contaminants.

All drainage system inspected, cleared of any debris and cleaned.

Siltation, pollution and oil traps regularly inspected and cleaned, with all waste material removed, separated and deposited at a certified waste reception location.

No waste should be dumped within the GKD site nor close to any coastal line.

All maintenance material stored in a secured regulated area with covering to prevent sediment discharge during period of rainfall and dust during windy conditions.

Ensure protocols are in place to address hazardous chemical spill (e.g. petrol spillage for car crash) and staff are suitable trained with correct equipment.

All maintenance work conducted according to pre-announced time schedule in consultation with key stakeholders, preferable outside peak business hours to limit inconvenience to business and community.

RD P1 and associated roads & drainage systems

Quarterly PVMC, PWD PVMC, PWD

3.2 Health and safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

Ensure correct OH&S procedures developed in the EMP are adopted and continued to be implemented during the operational phase, specifically including the maintenance and future repair activities of the roads and drainage systems.

Maintenance schedule is defined and costed to adequately cover the cost of maintenance is secured prior to the operation phase. Maintenance schedule should at least cover the operation life of the equipment.

RD P1 and associated roads & drainage systems

When Required. PVMC, PWD PVMC, PWD



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6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Table 2 - EMP Monitoring Table (EMoT)

Environmental Issue Monitoring Details Timing Executing Unit

Reporting Responsibility

1.0 PRE- CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition

Confirm with all stakeholders, permits and consent documentation has been acquired and received no later than 1 month before contractor mobilization.

After the contractor has been selected but before mobilization

DSCD PWD

1.2 Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into design.

Ensure that climate change adaptation measures are included in the RD P1 design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.

Prior to commencement of work

DSCD PWD

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure that efforts have been made to reduce environmental impacts measures are included in the RD P1 design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.


DSCD PWD

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Obtain written confirmation that environmentally responsible procurement measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.


DSCD PWD

1.5 Environmental capacity development.

File a written record of the training session provided by DSCD for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.


DSCD PWD

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation

Obtain written confirmation that OH&S measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.


DSCD PWD

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of Port Vila CBD activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD PWD

1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

File a written record of the training session provided by DSCD for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.

Within 3 weeks of commencement of construction

DSCD PWD



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1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and how it is operated.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD PWD

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accident risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

Visual inspection of project vehicles, access route, safety, hours of operation and conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure safety requirements (e.g. signage, safety gear, first aid), compliance to EMP and information exchanged, records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.4 Accidental damage to utilities


Monthly, however important before construction initiated.

DSCD PWD

2.5 Construction waste disposal and wastewater from construction site.

Visual inspection of waste within construction locations to ensure; (i) Waste management plan is used. (ii) Construction waste are collected, separated and transported to

approved land fill locations offsite, (iii) No storage of waste on site, (iv) Sediment traps are in place managing wastewater, (v) Sedimentation traps (silt traps and/or socks) used during initial

storm water drainage system cleaning. Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or

grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.

Visual inspection of waste within construction locations to ensure; (i) Waste management plan is used. (ii) Waste are collected, separated and transported to approved

land fill locations offsite, (iii) No storage of waste on site, (iv) No spillage within site,

Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD



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2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.

Visual inspection of waste within construction locations to ensure; (i) Waste management plan is used. (ii) Waste are collected, separated and transported to approved

land fill locations offsite, (iii) No storage of waste on site, (iv) No spillage within site,


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.8 Noise and Vibration.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken and conduct interviews with closest business to establish impacts and actions taken by contractor.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.9 Dust and Air Pollution.


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

Regular visual inspection of site for erosion and sediment issues and monitor; (i) Sediment pollution traps (silt and socks) are in place managing

wastewater and storm water discharge during initial cleaning and during construction.

(ii) Sediment collected are reused within the site or transported to approved landfill site.


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.11 Removal of vegetation.

Visual inspection and document removal of trees/vegetation. Visual inspection of accidental damage or planned removal of

underground tree roots. Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-

compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.12 Traffic disruption during construction.

Visual inspection of project sites and roads used for transportation to ensure traffic is not congested, record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.13 Minimize social and community impacts.

Regular informal and formal discussions with key stakeholders identify issues and/or grievance and address through positive actions.

Monthly DSCD PWD



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2.14 Public Health and

Safety Risks.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure public access in the vicinity of the construction site is safe, requirements are clearly marked, accessible and readable. Record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements have been fully implemented and ensure compliance for all activities and personnel are maintained.

Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, record issues of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

Have available full record of monthly monitoring checklist reports. Monthly from contractor

DSCD PWD

3.0 OPERATING PERIOD 3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of a RD P1 waste management plan based on a regular and planned maintenance schedule including protocols for the collection and safe management of different wastes products and emergence capability for hazardous wastes.

Ensure equipment is procured and maintained to ensure maintenance and cleaning operations can be undertaken.

Quarterly PWD, PVMC

PWD, PVMC

3.2 Health and safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements developed and implemented during the construction phase are adopted and continued to be used when maintenance work on the roads and drainage systems are undertaken. Full compliance should be maintained.

Ensure OH&S equipment required is procured ad used during all work activities.

During maintenance activities.

PWD, PVMC

PWD, PVMC



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6.4 Reporting

132. The below schedule is proposed to be used by the Project to report on the activities undertaken within the RD P1 sub-component. Reporting timelines will be finalised once the contractor has been selected and procedures have been met.

6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report

133. The PVUDP will be submitting mandatory semi-annual monitoring reports to the ADB, reporting on the EMP implementation and general environmental conditions as the construction progresses. It is expected that the DSCD will be reporting on a six monthly basis and these reports will be integrated into the PVUDP semi annual reports. Copies of these reports will also be submitted to the VPMU, MFEM, DECP and MIPU for their record and use, should they wish to conduct an audit. Reports will be submitted within two weeks of the end of each six-month period.

6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report

134. Once the project becomes operational, VPMU will also submit (document complied by the PVUDP) annual environmental monitoring and compliance reports to ADB, reporting principally on the maintenance programme undertaken which ensures the long term functions of the roads and drainage components. Reports will be prepared for the first three years of operation and submitted to ADB. These reports will be prepared by the VPMU’s Project Management Unit, or a consultant retained by VPMU. Reports will be submitted within 4 weeks of the end of each monitoring year.

6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports

135. Once the successful contractor has been appointed and at least one month before mobilization the DSCD will hold a 1 day briefing and workshop session to make clear the requirements of the EMP and the contractor’s responsibility. The monitoring and reporting requirements of the contractor will also be reviewed at this time.

136. Using the EMP tables presented here in, the contractor will be required to prepare a EMP implementation timetable, integrating the tasks defined in the EMP into the daily work schedule, referred to as the construction environmental work plan (CEWP). Secondly, the contractor will prepare a monitoring checklist and complete this monthly confirming actions taken according to the EMP. The checklist, accompanied by a set of photographs, will be submitted to the DSCD for use in the semi-annual monitoring report.

6.4.4 Construction Completion Report

137. Within three months of the end of the construction period, the contractor will be required to prepare a completion report, specifically addressing the handling and disposal of hazardous materials, construction wastes and overall management action undertaken for the project.



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7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

138. The SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The upgrading of the Port Vila’s road and drainage including associated PAA within the RD P1 will result in a marked improvement to the environment and infrastructure services of Port Vila. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include;

The proposed road, drainage and PAA system upgrades are located within Port Vila and its CBD on urban land that has been highly modified (cleared, filled, supports existing road and drainage) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;

The RD P1 project site area does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests, mangroves or agricultural activities associated with the projects area of influence. It is however noted that the project activities are adjacent to highly modified coastal strip of land that borders the Port Vila bay (much of which is built on) and that stormwater drainage systems associated with the RD P1 discharge into the bay.

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade, during periods of excess rainfall, will increase stormwater discharge into the near shore tidal and sub-tidal coastal and marine environment. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be minor due to improved sediment and pollution management systems incorporated into the RD P1 design. The project’s area of influence does not impact any coral reefs, sea grass systems nor does it support marine ecological or biological (flora or fauna) that is endemic, endangered or of significant biodiversity;

The proposed road and drainage system upgrade does not impact any terrestrial conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the road and drainage upgrade will ensure limited disturbance to the daily business activities undertaken in Port Vila (e.g. traffic, noise, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction and monitoring activities associated with the project.

Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the project design.

139. An EMP identifies potential environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule and monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness.

140. The SEMP, including the EMP is considered sufficient to meet government’s environmental safeguard requirements in respect of the PVUDP. No further or additional impact



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assessment is considered necessary at this stage. Therefore this SEMP including the EMP is recommended for approval by the DEPC.



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8.0 REFERENCES

ADB 2003. Environmental Assessment Guidelines. ADB Publication. 167p. ADB 2009. Safeguard Policy Statement. ADB Publication. 92p. Government of Vanuatu. 2002. Environmental Management and Conservation Act. Government of Vanuatu. 2011. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations. PVUDP, 2014. Cost Recovery Mechanisms for Operation and Maintenance of Infrastructure Assets, Preliminary Study and Recommendations. PVUDP June 2011, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). PVUDP, August 2014, 70% Design Review Report – Volume 2 - Geotechnical and Pavement Investigation & Design. PVUDP, August 2015, Resettlement Plan Roads and Drainage Projct (Phase 1) (Report 36). PVUDP, August 2015, Pavement Treatment Review (Report 37).



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9.0 ANNEXES

Annex 1: (August 2015) PVUDP Report Number 36, “Resettlement Plan - Roads and Drainage RD P1. Annex 2: (August 2015), PVUDP Report Number 37, “Pavement Treatment Review”. Annex 3: RD P1 Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways Checklist. Annex 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales RD P1 Risk Management Framework. Annex 5a: PVUDP List of Public Disclosure & Consultation Meetings and Attendance Sheet – RD P1. Annex 5b: PVUDP Stakeholder meeting with Drainage Leaseholders on Easement Requirements associated with the RD P1. 26 June 2015. Annex 5c: List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014.



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ANNEX 1. The PVUDP Report Number 36 (August 2015) “Resettlement Plan – Roads and Drainage RD P1” Please Refer to Separate Volume.



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ANNEX 2. The PVUDP Report Number 37 (August 2015) “Pavement Treatment Review– Roads and Drainage RD P1” Please Refer to Separate Volume.



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ANNEX 3: RD P1 Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Roads & Highways Checklist.

Instructions:

This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorisation form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environmental Specialist in a Regional Department.

This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary Resettlement, (ii) indigenous people planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

Answer the question assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: Vanuatu: Port Vila Urban Development Project

SCREENING QUESTIONS Y/N REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmental sensitive areas?

Cultural Heritage Site N

Protected Area N

Wetland N

Mangrove N

Estuarine N

Buffer Zone of Protected Area N

Special Area for Protecting Biodiversity

N RD P1 is located adjacent to Port Vila Bay, which contains a coral reef ecosystem. This ecosystem has been modified over many years with considerable coastal foreshore changes to accommodate the development of the nations capital city. Port Vila bay is outside the physical area of influence of the RD P1 project.

B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the project cause?

Encroachment on historical and/or cultural areas; disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills & quarries?

N The RD P1 project is repairing and upgrading existing road, drainage and footpaths. No new road and/or drainage systems will be developed. Therefore no encroachment or impact on historical and/or cultural areas.

Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)?

N RD P1 works all undertaken within the urban and peri urban areas of Port Vila. All land areas built on with some areas reclaimed.

No coastal work required with all water discharge through drains that will be significantly improved due to road carriage way sealed and drainage



P a g e | 74

system up grades including sediment and pollution traps and management.

Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

N

RD P1 area of influence is not associated with any natural freshwater or estuarine ecological systems.

Limited sedimentation increases are expected from initial construction works associated with existing roads and drainage networks. Most if not all sediment from construction will be collected on site through traps utilised within the work areas.

Alteration of coastal and/or marine waters resulting in increased sediment in coastal environments affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

N The RD P1 scope of works are not associated with coastal or marine systems directly, however freshwater runoff from the improvements through the drainage systems may enter the coastal waters.

Deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes from (i) work based camps and (ii) chemicals used in construction?

N The RD P1 will not have any work camps. Potential chemical (e.g. petrochemicals, bitumen)

may enter site runoff and/or road drainage systems and enter Port Vila bay – however potential contaminants contained through sediment traps and operational/construction due diligence. Temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing?

Y Air pollution form construction activities will be elevated however will be temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Noise & vibration due to blasting and other civil works?

Dislocation or Involuntary resettlement of people?

Y Increased site –specific noise will result from construction activities and use of machinery.

No dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people required. Some disruption to business, their customers and local residents may occur during construction.

Other social concerns relating to inconveniences in living conditions in the project area that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress.

N No perceived increase in respiratory problems with residents and/or business people within the area of influence. Coastal onshore winds will disperse any increase in air pollution (e.g. dust).

Hazardous driving conditions where construction interferes with pre-existing roads.

N No hazardous conditions will be created, however traffic will be required to be managed during construction phase to ensure access to both business and residential buildings.

Poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases from workers to local populations?

N No Work camps. Sanitation and waste disposal at work site will be

managed by contractor (e.g. portable toilet and washing facilities).

Majority of construction workers from local communities – no transmission of disease perceived.

Creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito vector

N Work to be undertaken outside of wet season. Standing water to be removed and managed at all

work site locations.



P a g e | 75

disease? Due diligence associated with mosquitoes management and subsequent malaria and dengue diseases.

Dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way?

N There are no people residing in the right–of-way associated with the scope of works.

Accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic material and loss of life?

N Possible spills (e.g. bitumen) however perceived very unlikely.

Increase noise and air pollution resulting for traffic volume.

N Increased traffic movement of vehicles for construction phase. Will be temporary, site specific and mitigatable.

Increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and fuel spills, and other material from vehicles using the roads?

N Possible due to increased vehicles transporting petrochemical supplies, bunkering at the site and use of machinery.

Accidental spillage unlikely and managed through on site plans by contractor.



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ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales RD P1 Risk Management Framework.

Identification of Risk The risks identified for the subproject have been identified through the REA. Identified risks detailed in the REA and key environmental impact that related to site construction and operation are the only risks are evaluated for this project. Other potential risks that were deemed not relevant to the project and score zero environmental impact risk rating have not been included. Risk Analysis An important feature is the recognition of the fact that an event’s consequence extends beyond the environment. This methodology ensures that the full consequences of events are visible to risk owners and managers, and that community effects are considered, understood and treated. Each class of consequence is rated a score of 0-5. An analysis of each risk is undertaken to determine an environmental event’s likelihood of occurrence and its consequences. A five-level qualitative description of the likelihood and consequences for each risk enables a semi-quantitative method to be used to calculate a ‘score’ for each risk. Consequence of Likelihood Definitions for Consequences and Likelihood are shown in the tables below. Calculation of Risk Level Two levels of risk are used: The Primary Risk Level (PRL) is a conservative measure of risk, based on the most severe consequences across all the relevant criteria. PRL is calculated according to the equation: Primary Risk Level (PRL) = Likelihood Rating X Maximum Consequence Rating. The Secondary Risk Level (SRL) is a less conservative measure of risk, which incorporates all relevant criteria, not just the most severe ones. SRL is calculated according to the equation: Secondary Risk Level (SRL) = Likelihood Rating X Average Consequence Rating.



P a g e | 77

In most circumstances PRL should be the preferred measure, as it is more conservative. Risk scores are banded into risk levels which provide a ‘plain English’ view of the risk. Scores will always be visible to enable prioritisation within bands. The bands, their threshold values and indicative management action are documented in the tables below. Selection and Application of Controls Two levels of controls can be applied: Standard Controls are the inherent set of controls set out initially in the IEE, The Additional Controls are applied in case where the Expected Residual Risk is above a set limit. Determination of Mitigation Measures Following the analysis of a risk it is necessary to investigate the options available for risk treatment and then determine the option/s that provides the greatest cost benefit. Risks may be treated in one or a combination of ways: a) Avoiding a risk by preventing the activity that leads to the risk eventuating; b) Reducing the likelihood of the risk eventuating; c) Reducing the consequences if the risk does eventuate; d) Transfer the risk; e) Retaining the risk. Risk Management Framework Table. Risk Level 1 (very low) to 10 (very high)

Environmental

Aspect Description of Risk

Consequence

Rating

Likelihood

Risk Level Controls Mitigation

Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments

Maximum Average High

(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Existing Site Location of the PVUDP Scope of Works – Pre Construction

Site close to or adjacent to any environmentally sensitive areas

No terrestrial nor marine sensitive areas within project area of influence.

Project Site is however adjacent to coastal land boarding coastal

0 0 0 0 0 N/A N/A N/A No impacts at all



P a g e | 78

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

waters (Port Vila bay).

Care needs to be exercised during construction and operation of contaminants entering the coastal zone.

Therefore Risk is non existent associated with the environmental sensitive areas,

No environmental impacts.

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Construction of the RD P1 Scope of Works

Site contamination – land based hazardous materials used on site.

Hazardous (toxic) substances used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including petrochemicals (fuels, Oils) road bitumen and cement.

Hazardous substances (petrochemicals) sequestered in rock and/or soil, possible

2 1 5 10

High

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

Audit

5.4 Low Risk Additional control

provided by DEPC by

auditing the project site

on at least a monthly

basis. Expect a residual

low risk level.



P a g e | 79

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

but unlikely. No contamination

found during assessment, possibly some contamination (petrochemical, sewage (treated) and household/business grey water especially in CBD) in soil as legacy issues from past industrial (e.g. petrol station) commercial (building sites, shops) and household usage and/or landfill.

Potential risk very minor if managed correctly.

Site contamination – land based hazardous material off site

Hazardous substances transported to site from landfill material (rock, soil), very limited and unlikely.

Landfill transported to site from regulated/ permitted quarry site,

Potential risk

1 1 1 1

Very

Low

Risk

1

Very

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.7 Very Low

Risk

No change.



P a g e | 80

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

unlikely, very minor if any environmental impact.

Site Contamination - construction material

Construction material used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including limestone aggregates, blue metal, sand, cement and steel.

Construction material acquired from existing permitted sources.

Reuse & recycle construction material to reduce wastage and improve sustainability.


2 1 3 6

Med -

ium

Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Low Risk Low Risk level expected

with Standard Controls.

Site Contamination – Spoil and waste Disposal

Construction material used during road and drainage up grading and replacement – including limestone aggregates, blue metal, sand, cement and steel.

Construction material

2 1 2 4

Low

Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Low Risk No change



P a g e | 81

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

disposed of in existing permitted locations.

Reuse & recycle construction material to reduce wastage and improve sustainability.


Site Contamination – Marine environment- quality, turbidity & pollution.

Increased surface water runoff on site and adjacent areas, especially during road and drainage preparation/construction entering coastal waters through existing storm water pipes.

Storm water volume and sediment load potential to increase during construction phase, especially in heavy rain periods. Construction to take place outside of wet season.

Legacy issue relating to sediment build up in existing drainage systems, requires

1 1 3 3

Low

Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.7 Low Risk No or improved Change



P a g e | 82

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

cleaning and removal before construction – reduce contaminates entering shoreline.

Pollutants entering coastal waters possible, however collection in traps and managed during construction. Greatly reducing any contamination.

Area required to be cleared small, restricted to existing road and drainage, footpaths. Runoff expected to remain on site, water expected to pool (intensive rainfall), percolate through site ground.

Use of sediment traps (silt traps adjacent to waste water outlets) will mitigate.

Low potential risk of storm water entering Port Vila bay (marine) with sediment and/or pollutants during



P a g e | 83

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

construction. Potential risk minor if

managed correctly.

Site contamination - Fresh Water quality – turbidity & pollution.

Increased surface water runoff on site and adjacent areas, especially during road and drainage preparation/construction.

Storm water volume and sediment load potential to increase during construction phase.

Legacy issue relating to sediment build up in existing drainage systems, requires cleaning and removal before construction.

Pollutants entering freshwater lenses very low as water contained within drainage system, except in period of heavy rain.

Area required to be cleared small, restricted to existing road and drainage, footpaths.

1 3 3

Low

Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.7 Low Risk No change



P a g e | 84

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

Runoff expected to remain on site, water expected to pool (intensive rainfall), percolate through site ground.

Use of sediment traps will mitigate.


Site Contamination – Land Based – Sewage – septic.

Toxic release of sewage due to damage to septic systems including illegal discharge locations into storm water drainage (if present).

No evidence of septic system on site, however possible legacy issue.

Potential risk unlikely, very minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 1 Very

Low

Very

Low

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4 Very Low

Risk

Potential low risk provided

standard controls applied.

Illegal connections into

stormwater drainage to be

removed greatly

decreasing potential

impacts.

Flora – terrestrial vegetation removal.

Site vegetation almost non existent, possible minor grass removal in close proximity to existing road, drainage and

1 1 2 2

Low

Risk

2

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

5.4 Low Risk Potential very low or no

risk provided standard

controls applied.



P a g e | 85

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

PAA. Cleared land to

receive land fill/aggregate or cement.

Potential risk low, very site specific and minor if any environmental impact.

CEMP

Noise and Vibration _ Construction period.

Increase ambient noise level and ground vibration will occur during construction due to transportation of materials and construction machinery.

Restricted to approved hours, noting scope and condition and due diligence relating to noise suppression through maintenance of vehicles and machinery.

Scope of works in close proximity to business, and community’s interruptions

1 1 5 5

Mediu

m Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.6 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, is standard controls

are used.



P a g e | 86

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

expected to occur. Potential risk low,

very minor if any environmental impact.

Air Pollution – Construction period.

Increase ambient dust level and pollution will occur during construction due to transportation of materials (to and within site) and use of construction machinery.

Restricted to approved working hours, noting scope and conditions and due diligence using water suppression and covering of construction material during period of hot, dry and windy conditions.

Potential risk low, very minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 5 5

Mediu

m Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.5 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, is standard controls

are used.

Site Contamination – Acid Sulfate

Soils containing iron sulphides may be exposed during construction (e.g.

1 1 1 1

Very

1

Very

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change



P a g e | 87

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

soils soil under footpath etc) resulting in acid leaching.

Any leaching will be minor, contained on site, potential leaching into water table very unlikely.

Potential risk unlikely, very minor and site specific if present.

Low

Risk

Low

Risk

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Operation of RD P1 Scope of Works

Cleaning and maintenance activities of road & drainage systems – Increased noise and air pollution.

Potential minor increase in ambient dust (air pollution) levels will occur during street & drainage cleaning activities.

Potential minor increase in noise levels if machinery is used.

All cleaning activities restricted approved working hours noting scope and conditions and due diligence using water suppression and covering of

1 1 2 2

Low

Risk

2

Low

Risk

CAM

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

5.4, 5.7,

5.8

Low Risk No change



P a g e | 88

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

waste material during disposal at designated waste reception locations.

Potential risk low, very minor, if any, environmental impact.

Cleaning and maintenance activities of road & drainage systems – Increased pollution, sediment & plastics in drainage traps.

Increase levels of sediment, petrochemicals and plastics caught in drainage traps will need to be regularly cleaned for the traps to function and prevent environmental contamination.

Correct disposal of collected items to designated and permitted waste reception facilities.

Potential of contaminants discharging into coastal waters if regular maintenance and cleaning not undertaken – nullifying the positive environmental

1 1 2 2

Low

Risk

2

Low

Risk

CAM

EMP

SEMP

CEMP




P a g e | 89

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

benefits of the project.

Potential low, very minor if any environmental impact.

Site contamination – Coastal waters – turbidity & pollution.

Increased surface water runoff through drainage system entering coastal waters due to effective upgraded drain system.

Sediment and potential pollutant contaminate in storm water entering coastal environment greatly decreased due to (i) sealed road significantly reducing sediment on roadways (ii) new sediment and pollution drainage traps preventing contaminants entering coastal waters (iii) increased and regular maintenance and cleaning of new road and drainage systems.

1 1 2 2

Low

Risk

2

Low

Risk

CAM

EMP

SEMP

CEMP




P a g e | 90

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihood


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 5

Based on

successful

control

Potential risk very low and very minor environmental impacts if managed correctly. Significant improvement over situation before project.



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Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales Rating Capability CSF

Mission

Environment Community CSF

Sustainability

Safety

(Staff CSF Public)

Compliance CSF

Reputation

Financial

5

Cata

str

op

hic

All activities cease. No

resumption for at least

12 months. Major

unacceptable delays in

delivery of capability

occurring at critical

times. Unable to

conduct missions.

Failure to achieve

critical performance

goals.

A long term

environmental harm.

Permanent irreparable

damage is caused to

the environment.

Significant, extensive,

detrimental long-term

impacts on the community

or public health. Irreparable

damage to highly valued

structures or locations of

cultural significance or

sacred value. Permanent

and significant loss of

scarce environmental

resources.

Multiple fatalities,

large number of major

injuries or

occupational illness

(acute or chronic).

Public exposed to a

severe, adverse long-

term health impact or

life-threatening

hazard.

Sustained detrimental

national or state media

reports. Subject of

parliamentary committee

hearing. Sustained

community outrage.

Potential large-scale class

action or prosecution with

significant fine or

imprisonment.

Extreme

financial loss

(>$10m) to

remedy.

4

Majo

r

All normal activities

curtailed. No

resumption of normal

activities for between 6

- 12 months. Major

delays of capability

delivery but at non-

critical times. Unable to

conduct missions.

Failure to achieve

some performance

targets.

Significant

environmental damage

with widespread

impacts. Damage may

be permanent.

Significant detrimental

impacts on the community

or public health. Major

damage to highly valued



sacred value. Significant

loss of scarce

environmental resources.

Single fatality or

serious non-

recoverable injury,

several major injuries.

Permanent

disablement. Public

exposed to a hazard

that could cause

injuries or moderate

adverse health effects.

Numerous detrimental

national or state media

reports. Subject of a

number of parliamentary

questions or ministerial.

Organised community

concern. High profile legal

challenge or prosecution

with heavy fine.

Major

financial loss

($0.5-10m) to

remedy.

3

Mo

de

rate

Most activities affected.

No resumption of

normal activities for up

to 6 months. Significant

delays resulting in

some reduction in

performance.

Moderate violation of

regulation or guideline

with moderate damage

to the environment and

significant clean-up

cost.

Detrimental impacts on the

community or public health.

Damage to valued



sacred value. Loss of

scarce environmental

resources.

A number of safety

incidents requiring

treatment by a

physician. Exposure of

public to a hazard that

could cause minor

injuries or minor

adverse health effects.

Illness requiring

treatment.

Detrimental national or

state media reports.

Subject of parliamentary

questions or ministerial.

Community concerns and

complaints. Some legal

constraints imposed

minimal fine.

Moderate

financial loss

($0.05-0.5m)

to remedy.



P a g e | 92

2

Min

or

Modification to planned

activities can be

expected. Minor delays.

Minor performance

degradation.

Minor violation of

regulation or guideline

with minimal damage

to the environment and

small clean up.

Immediately contained

on-site.

Minor impact on the

community or public health.

Minor damage to valued



sacred value. Minor loss of


A number of safety

incidents requiring

treatment by a

qualified first aid

person. Exposure of

public to a hazard that

does not cause injury

or affect health

adversely.

Detrimental local media

reports. Subject of local

government action.

Random substantiated

complaints from the

community. Minor

technical legal challenge

or breach.

Minor

financial loss

($0.005-

0.05m) to

remedy.

1

Insig

nif

ican

t

Some minor

modification to planned

activities may be

necessary. Insignificant

delays. Negligible

performance impact.

Negligible release or

damage that is

contained on-site and

is non-reportable. The

damage is fully

recoverable with no

permanent impact on

the environment.

Negligible social impact.

Negligible damage to

valued structures or

locations of cultural

significance or sacred

value. Negligible loss of


Minor of safety

incidents only.

Negligible impact on

staff or the public. No

lost work time.

Possibility of detrimental

local media reports. Trivial

substantiated complaints

from the community.

Negligible legal impact or

breach.

Insignificant

financial loss

(<$0.005m)

to remedy.

0

Nil

No impact on

schedules.

No environmental

impact.

No social impact, damage

to valued structures or

locations of cultural

significance or sacred

value or loss of


No incidents. No impact. No cost

impact.

Likelihood Table Rating LIKELIHOOD

The potential for risks to occur and lead to the assessed consequences 5 Almost

certain

Very high, may occur at least

several times per year

Probability over 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per

year in the same location, operation or activity

4 Likely High, may arise about once per

year

Probability 0.5 - 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per

year in Defence

3 Possible Possible, may arise about once

in a one to ten year period

Probability 0.1 - 0.5 A similar outcome has arisen at some time

previously in Defence

2 Unlikely Not impossible, likely to occur Probability 0.04 - A similar outcome has arisen at some time



P a g e | 93

during the next ten to twenty-five

years

0.1 previously in Defence, but action has been

taken to reduce the chance of recurrence

1 Rare Very low, very unlikely during

the next twenty-five years

Probability less

than 0.04

A similar outcome has arisen worldwide.

Risk levels and Management Action (example) Risk Level

(PRL or SRL)

Descriptor Indicative Management Action

16-25 Extreme Immediate action required, senior management will be involved

9-15.9 High Senior management attention needed and management responsibilities specified for

further action

4-8.9 Medium Manage by specific monitoring or response procedures, develop more detailed

actions as resources allow

1-3.9 Low Manage by routine procedures, unlikely to need specific application of resources



P a g e | 94



P a g e | 95

ANNEX 5a: PVUDP List of Public Disclosure & Consultation Meetings and Attendance Sheet – RD P1.

Date of Consultation Location & Purpose Number of Attendants

March 6th 2014 Frist Round of Community surveys -Waisisi

Communities. 16 females 15 males

March 8th 2014 Frist Round of Community surveys -Erakor Bridge,

Enslar. 4 females 2 males

March 8th 2014 Frist Round of Community surveys -Ensas 1. 6 males

March 8th 2014 Frist Round of Community surveys -Ensas 2. 6 males

March 8th 2014 Frist Round of Community surveys -Melemaat 2 males

15 females March 11

th 2014 Seaside Paama 9 females

11 males March 11

th 2014 First Round of Community surveys -Seaside Futuna 3 females

9 males March 11

th 2014 First round community surveys – Seaside Tongoa 2 females

2 males March 12

th 2014 First Round of Community surveys -Blacksands

Reground 1 male

March 12th 2014 First Round of Community surveys -Blacksands Paama 9 females

10 male March 12

th 2014 First Round of Community surveys -Blacksands

Tongoariki 12 females

March 12

th 2014 Tokyo Paama 7 females

5 males March 13

th 2014 Aveck – Paama Nabanga 4 females

5 males March 13

th 2014 First round Community survey Tokyo Buninga 11 females

10 males March 17

th 2014 First round Community survey – 21 Jump street Tagabe 4 males

March 17th 2014 First round Community survey – Fresh Wota Park 5 females

7 males March 17

th 2014 Namburu Red light 8 females

5 males March 17

th 2014 Ohlen Mataso 10 females

8 males March 18

th 2014 First Round of Community surveys - Anambrou 1 females

3 males March 18

th 2014 Ohlen Freshwind 1 female

6 males April 30

th 2014 Women’s survey – Seaside Paama 30 females

May 6th 2014 Women’s survey Seaside Funtuna 15 females

May 10th 2014 Women’s survey – Seaside Tongoa 25 females

May 13th 2014 Women’s survey – Tokyp Buninga 25 females

May 19th 2014 Women’s survey Ohlen Mataso 7 females

May 21st 2014 Women’s survey - Waisis 11 females

May 21st 2014 Women’s survey Ohlen Nabanga 9 females

May 26th 2014 Shefa women’s survey – Malapoa Bamboo 6 females

May 26th 2014 Women’s survey – Blacksnads Tongoariki 11 females

May 30th 2014 Women’s survey – Erakor Bridge Ekoftau 8 females

June 5th 2014 Leaders community meeting Tokyo Buninga 13 males



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June 10th 2014 Leaders community meeting – Erakor Ekoftau 4 females

1 male June 10

th 2014 Community leaders meeting – Seaside Paama 9 males

June 16th 2014 Me’s survey – Blacksnads Tongoariki 1 female

47 males July 13

th 2014 Leaders community meeting – Malapor Bamboo 4 females

1 male July 20

th 2014 Leaders community meeting – Ohlen Nabanga 7 males

September 9th 2014. ExFOL Public Toilet 1 male

September 17th 2014. ExFOL public toilet management details. 1 male

September 17th 2014. Management Port Vila Stade 2 males



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ANNEX 5b: PVUDP Stakeholder meeting with Drainage Leaseholders on Easement Requirements associated with the RD P1. 26 June 2015.

Name Organisation Position Contact Mr. Loic Bernier C&K Manager 7743412

[email protected] Mr. Andrew Yates Chantilly’s General Manager [email protected] Mr. Holland (Long) Patrick

Representing Mr. Vu Thi Phi Hoang

Leaseholder 7773719

Mr. Tru Thi Nga New Look Leaseholder 27449 Mr. Tru Thi Vinh New Look Leaseholder 27449 Mr Douglas Patterson

Island Property Real Estate

Director 7743145

Mr. Laurie Harrison Pacifica Ltd Director 22291 Mr. Peter Pata Lands Department Principal Valuation

Officer 5436046

Mr. Tony Telford VPMU Project Management Advisor

5393387

Mr. Lawrie Carlson PVUDP Team Leader 5410072 Mr. Ernest Bani PVUDP Deputy Team

Leader 5646309

Mr. Hannington Alatoa

PVUDP Community Liaison Officer

5459648

Ms. Wendy Himford MOL IPA 7751777 Ms. Anna Tavoa VPMU FMO 7740198 Mr. Michael Mangawai

MOL Director, Corporate Services

Tony Batten VPUDP Surveyor 7725595 [email protected]



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ANNEX 5c. List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014.

Name Title Agency Mr. Albert Williams Director Department of Environmental Protection and

Conservation. Ms. Touasi Tiwok Senior Principal Officer Department of Environmental Protection and

Conservation. Mr. Trinison Tari Senior Education &

Information Officer Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation.

Mr. Livo Mele Acting Director General Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries. Mr. Moses Amos Director Department of Fisheries Mr. Sompert Gereva Fisheries Biologist Department of Fisheries Mr.Erickson Sammy Hydrogeologist Department of Geology, Mines & Water

Resources Mr. Morris Stephen Senior Water Technician Department of Geology, Mines & Water

Resources Mr. Jerry Sampson Physical Planner Department of Local Authorities - Physical

Planning Unit Mr. Salesa Nihmei Manage, Climate &

Services Vanuatu Meteorological Service

Mr. Paul Gambetta Senior Cartographer Department of Lands Mr. George Borugu Director Department of Tourism Mr. Job Esau Wate Director Natural Disaster Management Office Mr. Francis Hickey Coordinator, Traditional

Resource Management Program

Vanuatu Cultural Centre

Mr. Richard Shin Resident Archaeologist Vanuatu Cultural Centre Mr. Andre Latipu Acting Director Department of Public Works Ms. Uravo Nafuki Environmental & Social

Impact Officer Engineering Support Unit

Department of Public Works

Mr. Ernest Lekelowia Assistant Secretary General

Shefa Provincial Government

Ms. Emil Mael Physical Planner Shefa Provincial Government - Physical Planning Unit

Ms. Shirley Laban Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Pokoa Rarua Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Austin Leo Maintenance Officer Wastewater Treatment Plant, Vila Central Hospital

Ms. Anthea Toka Secretary General Vanuatu Association of NGOs (VANGO) Dr. Chris Bartlett Climate Change Technical

Advisor to Vanuatu GTZ Pacific Island Regional Program Adaption to Climate Change

Mr. Peter Kelly Transport Sector Coordinator

AusAID

Mr. Marc Leopold Fisheries Scientist Institue de Recherche por le development (IRD) Ms. Sarah MeCartney Pacific Habitat Program

Manager UN Habitat

Ms. Angelika Planitz Sub regional Coordinator Pacific

UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction



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Mr. Michael Poustie PhD candidate and Researcher Water Quality

Monash University Australia

Mr. Paul Smith General Manager Vanuatu Abattoirs Limited Mr. John Urvaru Chief Engineer Le Lagon Resort Mr. Wilson Aru Chief Engineer Palms Resort Ms. Katie Thomson Volunteer US Peace Corps - Reef Check Program