environmental laws, economics, and ethics chapter 2
TRANSCRIPT
Environmental Environmental Laws, Economics, Laws, Economics,
and Ethicsand EthicsChapter 2Chapter 2
Dominated by Dominated by Frontier Frontier AttitudeAttitude
Establishment Establishment of Jamestown, of Jamestown,
VAVA
16001600 17001700 18001800 19001900
Henry David ThoreauHenry David Thoreau
George Perkins MarshGeorge Perkins Marsh
John James Audubon John James Audubon
Environmental History of Environmental History of USUS
Theodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt Utilitarian ConservationistUtilitarian Conservationist
John Muir (Sierra Club)John Muir (Sierra Club) Biocentric PreservationistBiocentric Preservationist National Park ServiceNational Park Service
1875 American 1875 American Forestry Assoc. Forestry Assoc. FormedFormed
18501850 18751875 19001900
1891 General 1891 General Revision ActRevision Act
1890 Yosemite and 1890 Yosemite and Sequoia National Sequoia National Parks EstablishedParks Established
Franklin RooseveltFranklin Roosevelt Civilian Conservation CorpsCivilian Conservation Corps Dust BowlDust Bowl
Antiquities ActAntiquities Act Allows president to set aside sites of scientific Allows president to set aside sites of scientific
or historical importance (monuments)or historical importance (monuments)
Environmental History of Environmental History of USUS
1906 Antiquities 1906 Antiquities ActAct
1935 Creation of Soil 1935 Creation of Soil Conservation ServiceConservation Service
1916 National 1916 National Park Service Park Service CreatedCreated
19001900 19251925 19501950
Environmental History of Environmental History of USUS
2020thth Century Naturalists (authors) Century Naturalists (authors) Leopold - Leopold - A Sand Country AlmanacA Sand Country Almanac Stegner - Stegner - Wilderness EssayWilderness Essay Carson - Carson - Silent SpringSilent Spring
Heightened awareness of DDT and Heightened awareness of DDT and pesticidespesticides
Aldo Leopold (1886-1948)Aldo Leopold (1886-1948)
Wallace Stegner (1909-1993)Wallace Stegner (1909-1993)
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
19001900 19251925 19501950 19751975
History of Environmental History of Environmental LawLaw 1970’s1970’s
11stst Earth Day Earth Day EPAEPA NEPA- (EISs)NEPA- (EISs)
1980’s1980’s CFC’s and the Ozone CFC’s and the Ozone
layerlayer Montreal ProtocolMontreal Protocol
1990’s 1990’s First IPCC panel warns of First IPCC panel warns of
global warmingglobal warming 2000’s2000’s
Toxic ChemicalsToxic Chemicals Global Warming-Global Warming- 2001 – Kyoto Protocol2001 – Kyoto Protocol
EconomicsEconomics
Amartya SenAmartya Sen Marginal cost of pollution-Marginal cost of pollution- cost of cost of
additional pollutionadditional pollution Marginal cost of abatement-Marginal cost of abatement- cost cost
of stopping pollutionof stopping pollution Environmental Performance Index Environmental Performance Index
(EPI) (EPI) (http://epi.yale.edu/)(http://epi.yale.edu/)
Environmental Environmental WorldviewsWorldviews
WesternWestern Rights of Rights of ConsumptionConsumption Human obligationHuman obligation Changes inChanges in Promotes GrowthPromotes Growth
Deep EcologyDeep Ecology Rights ofRights of ConsumptionConsumption Human obligationHuman obligation Changes inChanges in Promotes GrowthPromotes Growth