environmental impact assessement patrind hydropower project

GROUP MEMBERS

Tanveer Abbas 2012-MS-EHY-03

Muhammad Ahmed 2012-MS-WRE-02

Reehan Mazher 2012-MS-WRE-18

Muhammad Waseem Boota 2012-MS-EHY-04

Muhammad Faisal 2012-MS-EHY-07

H.M Imran Sohail 2012-MS-EHY-05

Muhammad Usman 2012-MS-WRE-20

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTPatrind Hydropower Project

CONTENTS

Executive Summary Project Description Legal Framework For Environmental

Assessment and Resettlement Baseline Conditions Assessment Of Environmental Impacts Land Acquisition And Resettlement Plan Mitigation Measures Resettlement Budget And Financing Environmental And Social Management Plan Conclusions And Recommendations

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE PROJECT

Patrind a small village on the left bank of Kunhar river, 12 ½ km downstream from Garhi Habibullah bridge.

Project components consist of a weir near Patrind village.

Head pond behind the weir at conservation level of 765 m above mean sea level.

Two coffer dams and a diversion tunnel built to keep the Kunhar river bed in dry condition during construction of the weir.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

EIA Report of Project has been prepared in accordance with the national requirements for environment assessment and resettlement.

The provisions followed area) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997b) National Environmental Quality

Standards(NEQS)c) AJK Environnemental Protection Act 2000d) Land Acquisition Act 1894e) Draft National Resettlement Policy 2002f) NWFP Forest Ordinance 2002

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE:PHYSIOGRAPHY

Catchment area of Kunhar river mountainous and steep slopes.

Only level areas in the catchment, consisting of small terraces, support human settlements.

Patrind village about 484 acres in extent, downstream of the weir at about 780 m elevation.

CLIMATE

The data of meteorological stations at Balakot and Muzaffarabad has been used.

The climate is pleasant with mild summers and cold winters.

The average annual rainfall at Balakot is 1538.5 mm and at Muzaffarabad is 1351.9 mm.

WATER RESOURCES

Kunhar and Jhelum are major rivers in the project area.

Daily flows of Kunhar river at weir site vary from 10,000 cusecs to 850 cusecs.

With annual average of 3,671 cusecs. Beyond weir site, reach of Kunhar river

joined by six nullahs, two of them contribute high inflows of water through year.

WATER QUALITY

Suspended load of Kunhar river contains sand, silt and clay.

Overall sediment load at weir site has been estimated 4.94 million tons on the mean annual basis.

FLORA AND FAUNA

The project region has flora in abundance. A variety of flora weeds, grasses, plants,

flowers and trees is found. The region has pine forests supporting

broad leaved species. Forest wealth of the region is shrinking due

to illegal deforestation.

CONTINUE….

Valley slopes of project area are characterised by animal biodiversity.

Growth of human population has put pressure on the natural resources of the region.

The population of fauna will increase due to the creation of head pond at Patrind.

Fauna population will increase due to the improvement in the vegetal cover around the head pond.

SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

8 villages near weir site and 5 around powerhouse site have a population of 7,397.

Household size ranges from 5 to 9 persons per house.

There is Panchayat/ Jirga system for conflict resolution mechanism at village level.

Farming and livestock rearing are the major occupations of the local population.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Construction and operation phases of Project will have some impact on environment.

Construction related impacts will be limited to a 4 years construction period.

Operation phase impacts which will last over the life of project.

Magnitude and probability of occurrence of impacts have been quantified and described next.

WATER RESOURCES

During high flows (May – August), variations in flow downstream of the weir will not be significant.

In the low flow period the flow variations will become significant,

Then Kunhar river reach below the weir would receive compensation flow of 2 cumecs from the head pond.

LAND RESOURCES

The land affected in terms of permanent acquisition is 63.8 Ha.

Temporary land acquisition is 31.6 Ha. Permanent acquisition consists of

reservoir , structures on the weir , powerhouse and access roads.

The temporary land acquisition involves temporary diversion channel on Jhelum river side.

RIVER ECOLOGY

During project operation, compensation flow will be discharged downstream of the weir.

As a result flora and fauna would not be adversely affected.

SOCIO – ECONOMICS

During construction opportunities will be available to the locals for employment.

Project construction and operation will lead to increase in tourist traffic.

MITIGATION MEASURES: EROSION CONTROL

Vegetation/ forestation most effective and economical way.

Both sides of the affected areas should be planted with grass cover, tiny bushes and trees.

RIVER ECOLOGY

Minimum flow of 2 cumecs allowed from head pond during project operation to take care of fauna.

This is done during low flow conditions.

TREE CUTTING

It is recommended that smallest number of trees should be cut for project implementation.

MUHAMMAD AHMED 2012-MS-WRE-02

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL

Excavated material will not be dumped in the rivers.

Lubricants, waste oil and other chemical wastes will be collected and disposed off safely.

Sprinkling of water to settle dust shall be practiced.

Contractor shall provide Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) to his personnel.

WILDLIFE

Workers and staff associated with the project educated to protect wildlife.

Any stray animals found to be handed over to the Wild Life Departments of KPK and AJK.

LAND ACQUISITION

The land acquired on temporary basis leased for 4 years to be

Decided in consultation with land owners.

RESETTLEMENT

The project will directly affect 14 houses displacing 146 persons.

Persons/ communities affected interviewed to gather opinion for resettlement and relocation.

Owners of land and houses affected preferred the option to receive cash compensation,

As a result no resettlement sites have been identified or investigated.

RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING

Resettlement and environmental cost estimated as Rs. 194.27 million (US$ 2.3 million).

Cost of land subject to submergence by Head pond is Rs. 110.04 million.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Project is environmentally and socially viable.

Provided that the proposed activities are carried out as mentioned in report.

mitigation measures are completely and effectively implemented.

Company should follow the RP for addressing the involuntary resettlement issues,

Pertaining to land acquisition and compensation for houses.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

PROJECT LOCATION

The proposed weir site is accessed by Boi Road on right side of Kunhar river.

It is at distance of 12.3 km from Garhi Habibullah bridge.

Center line of Kunhar river project site marks boundary between Pakistan and AJK.

The left bank of Kunhar lies in AJK. The proposed powerhouse site is

located on the right bank and downstream of Jhelum river.

Sr.No

Project Components Details

1 River River Name Catchment Area

Kunhar River 2, 429.00 Km2

2 Weir Type of Weir Height

Concrete Gravity Dam 42.00 m from river bed elevation

3 Spillway Design Discharge No. of Radial Gates

2,626.6 m3/sec 4 Nos. each 12 X 10.33 m

4 Powerhouse Size Discharge Capacity Turbine Units

38.2m x 66.0m x 41.7 High 153 m3/sec 150 MW 3 Nos.

5 Penstock Type Size and Nos.

Inner Circular Section, Steel Lined Diameter : 5.5 m, 1 No. Diameter : 3.0 m, 3 Nos.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND RESETTLEMENT

INTRODUCTION Pakistan has had laws that contain

provisions for environmental protection. These laws partly inherited from pre-

independence days dealt with Air and water quality Canal irrigation Land tenure and use Forest conservation Wildlife protection etc. Laws of environmental degradation

remained uncontrolled.

PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COUNCIL (PEPC)

PEPC coordinates and supervises enforcement of PEPA-97.

Approves national environmental policies, and ensures their implementation.

PEPC is required to meet at least twice a year.

PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (PAK. EPA)

Under Section 6(2) of the Act, Pak. EPA has the authority to:

To undertake inquiries or investigations into environmental issues.

To request any person to furnish any information or data relevant to the functions of Pak.

To recommend to the Federal Government incentives, prizes, awards, subsidies etc

For achieving environmental objectives and goals.

EIA REQUIREMENTS

EPA in August 2000 issued Procedures for Approval of EIA, includes Schedules A, B and C

Schedule A Defines projects which require an EIA. Deals with list of projects which have

affects on large number of people. The impact of such projects may be

irreversible and could lead to significant changes,

In land use, social, physical and biological environment.

Schedule B Defines projects which require an IEE. Deals with projects where the range of

environmental issues comparatively narrow,

And can be understood and managed through less extensive analysis.

Schedule C Combines everything not in Schedule

A and B.

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NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS)

NEQS for gaseous emissions and industrial/municipal effluents.

Environmental Protection Agency effect from August 10, 2000.

Relevant NEQS consulted in the preparation of EIA Report for Patrind Hydroelectric Power Project.

FOREST ACT 1927/NWFP FOREST ORDINANCE 2002

The Forest Act, 1927 establish the right of the government to designate areas for forest.

Acquire areas for prohibiting or restricting the public use of the resources or activities.

NWFP Forest Ordinance 2002 has the objectives of protection of forests.

SARHAD NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY 1996/ 2004

North Western Frontier Province N.W.F.P initiated the Sarhad Provincial Conservation Strategy in 1992;

It was reviewed in 2004. This document has the goal to secure The economic, social and ecological

well being of the people of KPK. Through conservation and sustainable

development of the province’s natural resources.

EXTERNAL SUPPORT AGENCIES

Funds in the form of loans or grants for development Projects in Pakistan,

Generally available from external support agencies like the

World Bank Asian Development Bank.

THE WORLD BANK World Bank, as one of the major financers,

play an important role. Policies include Operation Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental

Assessment. Bank Procedures (BP) 4.01 Environmental

Assessment December 1999. OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. Provides practical guidance and specific

information for designing sustainable projects.

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

ADB 2009 sets out the policies and principles for three key safeguard areas:

Environmental safeguards. Involuntary resettlement safeguards. Indigenous People safeguards. Aims to ensure the environmental

soundness and sustainability. Aims to avoid involuntary resettlement

wherever possible. To enhance the livelihoods of all

displaced persons.

BASELINE CONDITIONS

INTRODUCTION Project area covers region of Manshera

and Abbottabad districts in KPK and Muzaffarabad district in AJK.

Area has a mountainous topography dissected by rivers, hill streams and springs.

Kunhar and Jhelum are two major rivers in the project region.

Baseline data has been collected by field surveys.

Purpose of field surveys was to investigate the planning area and the project layout.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

Catchment area of the Kunhar river is mountainous and steep slopes.

Up-north in Naran the elevation is 2,362 m above mean sea level.

Elevation of 735 m at Patrind weir site. Erosion on these mountains is

substantial due to steep slopes. Much of the northern mountains

confine the river flow within narrow valleys.

INFRASTRUCTURE

No infrastructure requiring relocation like Roads, Village Tracks, Electrical Transmission Lines, Telephone Lines Etc. exist in the head pond area.

CULTURAL PROPERTY

There are no Graveyards Mosques Shrines Sites of archaeological Importance in the area to be submerged by the head pond.

SEISMICITY

According to Seismotectonic Map of Pakistan (1979) project belongs to one of major earthquake zones.

Recent earthquake 8th October 2005 caused damage to lives and property with land in vicinity of the project region.

This indicated importance of the seismicity in planning layout and design of project.

CLIMATE

The climate of the project area is pleasant, characterised by mild summers and cold winters.

The climatological data for weir site at Patrind is not available.

The data of nearest meteorological stations at Balakot and Muzaffarabad is used,

Which has been recorded at these stations maintained by Surface Water Hydrology Project (SWHP) WAPDA.

WATER QUALITY

Kunhar river derives its flow from rainfall and snowmelt.

Both of which do not contain any impurities.

River water picks up Sediment load Dissolved solids Toxic substances Organic matter

BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: FLORA

Climate is very conductive for the growth of mesophytes.

Flora is in abundance in the area. Variety of herbs, weeds, flowers, plants

and trees is growing in the area. In the project area both conifers and

broad leave trees occur in the project area.

FORESTRY

Forest in project region occur only in the upper valley and thus remain un-affected by the project.

The subtropical pine forests have an altitudinal range from 800 – 1700 m.

Annual rainfall varying from 635 – 1270 mm.

These areas mainly covered by chir pine trees.

WILDLIFE

Valley slopes high above the project area are characterised by plant and animal biodiversity.

Altitude, topography and climate providing numerous habitats for several species of flora and fauna.

The fauna of the project area consists of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and birds.

MUHAMMAD WASEEM BOOTA 2012-MS-EHY-04

ENDANGERED SPECIES

Zoological Survey Department (undated) Leopard Cat Leopard Panther Markhor Have been declared as the endangered

species. Leopard Cat and Panther both are found

upto 3,500 m elevation in the pine forests of Project.

Markhor is another animal which has been declared endangered.

FISHERY

Kunhar is a cold water river and has low primary fish productivity.

As the river is not productive it is not fished on commercial scale.

Apart from fishing, fish does not form part of any of the local communities diets.

AGRICULTURE

Agriculture in Muzaffarabad and Abbottabad districts is the dominant economic activity.

Majority of farmers have their own simple irrigation systems using water of streams and springs.

Wheat, maize and rice are the major crops.

Crop yields are variable and estimates of crop yields are wheat 470 Kg/Acre, maize 452 Kg/Acre, rice 320 Kg/Acre.

CULTURE

Mosques and graveyards exist in each village of the project area.

There are no sites of archaeological and historical importance in the project area.

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE

There are neither minority ethnic groups in project area,

nor are there any other groups which can be considered indigenous people.

COMMUNITY CONSULTATIONS

Community consultation process was started at an early stage in the project cycle.

This ensures that feedback from communities and other stakeholders,

Directly or indirectly affected by the project can adjust and improve the project’s design, planning, and implementation,

And help structure of project to be both environmentally and socially acceptable.

CONTINUE…

During the field survey an extensive community consultation exercise undertaken,

To incorporate the concerns and views of local communities in socioeconomic and environmental assessment survey.

Consultants held meetings with primary stakeholders to assess potential issues that could be raised due to project activities.

The survey team visited five villages in total that may be affected from the activities of the proposed project.

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES UNDER PROJECT IMPACT

Impacts regarding population displacement and land acquisition exist though to a moderate degree.

The access roads built for the project and the head pond may cause,

Inroads into the watershed by farmers, hunters, timber exploiters,

Accelerating losses in forests and wildlife There are no historical, cultural

monuments shrines, mosques requiring salvaging.

CONTINUE…

Sediment load in terms of watershed erosion/ silt runoff may affect the life of the head pond.

The weir design provides a limited control of sediment load by sluicing during flood flows.

Sand trap has also been provided. Creation of head pond, tube well

irrigation around head pond would be of value to the rural population.

CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND IMPACTS OF PATRIND HYDROPOWER PROJECT

PROJECT LOCATION IMPACTS

Resettlement / Land Acquisition Watershed erosion silt runoff Effect on groundwater hydrology Other inundation losses or adverse

effects

Actions Affecting Environmental Resources and Values

Damages to Environment

Recommended Feasible Protection Measures

No Significant Effect

Significant Effect Small Moderate Major

Resettlement / Land Acquisition

Serious social inequities

Carefully planned resettlement and land acquisition programme

Watershed erosion silt runoff

Shortened reservoir life

Watershed management programme

Effect on groundwater hydrology

Rise of water table around reservoir

Expansion of tubewell irrigation

Other losses or adverse effects

Submergence of land and economic trees

Careful planning and design

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO DESIGN

1. Road erosion 2. Reservoir site preparation3. Water rights conflicts 4. Fish screens





Significant Effect

Small Moderate Major

Road erosion Impairment of water quality and land values

Careful planning and design

Reservoir site preparation

Affects reservoir water qualityincluding nutrients for fishery

Prepare site to suit optimal reservoir uses

Water rights conflicts

None

Fish screens None

MUHAMMAD FAISAL 2012-MS-EHY-07

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION STAGE

1. Soil erosion/silt runoff 2. water-oriented diseases 3. dust/odors/fumes/noises/vibrations4. blasting and hauling 5. Construction monitoring






Soil erosion/silt runoff

Impairment of water quality and land values

Proper design and construction planning, plus monitoring

Water-oriented diseases

Water pollution/ malaria

Vector control

Dust/odors/fumes/noises/vibrations

Hazards to workers and neighbors

Construction management measures

Blasting and hauling

Noise and air pollution

Construction management measures

Construction monitoring

Without it Construction Contractor not likely to observe constraints

Appropriate construction monitoring

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RELATING TO PROJECT OPERATION

1. Downstream flow variations 2. Downstream erosion 3. Lack of reservoir management 4. Eutrophication (aquatic weeds) 5. Downstream water quality 6. Insect vector disease hazards






Downstream flow variations

Disturbance to downstream fisheries, navigation

Minimum adverse effects

Downstream erosion

Erosion of banks and river bottom

Careful design to control problem and monitoring

Lack of reservoir management

Social conflicts in reservoir community

Appropriate reservoir management

Eutrophication (aquatic weeds)

Heavy evaporation, impairment of fishing and power generation

Phenomena usually temporary

Downstream water quality

Impairment of downstream water quality from flow restrictions

Careful operations planning to minimize problem

POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

1. Reservoir fishery enhancement 2. Downstream community water supply3. Forestry/wildlife reserves 4. Recreation






Reservoir fishery enhancement

Considerable extra reservoir fishery potential realized

Appropriate management of potential for reservoir fishery development

Downstream community water supply

Improvement in community living standards

Planning for optimal use of stored water

Forestry/wildlife reserves

Conservation of forests/wildlife

Establishment of reserves to offset losses

Recreation Improvement in quality of community life, including the poor

Planning for optimal reservoir useRecreation of Park on Left Bank ofJhelum river

ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

1. Multipurpose management need2. Rural electrification






Multipurpose management need

Opportunity to optimize overall project benefits

Integrated reservoir management

Rural electrification

Improving quality of life for rural poor

Planning to accommodate this need

LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT PLAN

Socio-economic impacts of the Project particularly those relating to I. land acquisition. II. population displacement.III. loss of housing/ farm produce.IV. loss of incomeV. income resources. The issues have been discussed within the framework of VI. Asian Development Bank. VII. the World Bank/ International Finance Corporation.VIII. AJK Environmental Protection Act 2000.IX. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997.

RESETTLEMENT POLICY OBJECTIVES

The following policy objectives have been used to develop resettlement plan for the Project. I. Involuntary resettlementII. Integral part of project design III. to be dealt with from the earliest stage of

project planning. IV. Involuntary resettlement should be avoided or

minimized. V. Community participation should be encouraged.VI. Implementation of resettlement program. VII. Timely compensation for lost assets VIII. The compensation process should be fully

transparent.

RESETTLEMENT –RELATED BASELINE DATALAND ACQUISITION

The team of environmentalists visited sites Head pond, Weir, Powerhouse Soil deposit areas, Access roads and construction camps. They identified the Types of land to be acquired at these sites, The number of houses and families directly

affected, and The number of trees that would be lost as a

result of project implementation.

PERMANENT LAND ACQUISITION

In total 1253.95 kanals (= 63.43 ha) Riverbed, Farmland And Wasteland will be acquired permanently for constructing the Patrind Hydropower Project as shown in Table

TEMPORARY LAND ACQUISITION

There is need for temporary acquisition of land for The Construction Camp, Storage Camp And Temporary disposal of excavated material in

the vicinity of the weir site and powerhouse site.

The following Table shows the details of the land area proposed for temporary acquisition.

H.M IMRAN SOHAIL 2012-MS-EHY-05

VALUE OF LAND

Market assessment in the project area as well as consultation with district revenue department officials were undertaken to arrive at prices of land. Lower prices The land values given by the revenue department officials were lower in most cases transactions are verbal and not documented. The rates used in preparation of resettlement costs are given in Table

CROP COMPENSATIONConstruction Of Camps is to take place are cultivable. The construction of these camps may result in damage to standing crops. Construction ScheduleWhere possible by the construction schedule, farmers will be permitted to harvest crops. Compensation Of The Cropcompensation will be awarded on the basis of market value of the crop. Depending upon the cropsAssessment Of Market Priceof the crops was conducted in consultation with officials of revenue department and agriculture department as well as local people. Average Value Of CropsAn average value of Rs. 15,000 per acre has been used as compensation for crops. This will apply to the land area of 69 Kanals which will Be subject to temporary acquisition for construction of the camps.

AFFECTED HOUSES

Directly Affected People I. 13 Houses will be directly affected due to

construction of powerhouse displacing 129 persons in Alora village.

II. 1 house on Weir side will be directly affected displacing 17 persons.

Table give details of all these houses, names of their owner and number of occupants subject to displacement.

RELOCATION OPTIONS FOR PHYSICAL RESETTLEMENT

The following are the six options available for relocation and physical resettlement of displaced population. No Resettlement The option of no

resettlement should be considered if alternatives are too expensive.

On-Site Resettlement Where the population densities are relatively low, it may be possible to consolidate members of an affected community in a single area thus making room for project facilities without having to relocate the community to another site.

Partial Resettlement Where the whole site is not required for projec facilities, it may be possible to minimize or isolate land take. As a result, only fraction of the affected community may require physic relocation. Full Resettlement to Nearby and Multiple Site

Where full resettlement is necessary, the impact of displacement can be minimized by relocating affected people to several small sites near the affected area;

Resettlement to Margins of Developed Area The margins of developed areas offer cheaper land than more central locations but normally still have access to utilities and infrastructure.

PATRIND HYDROPOWER PROJECT

The project implementation will directly affect 14 houses displacing 146 persons.

During field surveys, persons/ communities affected by Patrind Hydropower Project were individually as well as collectively interviewed to gather their opinion for resettlement and relocation.

All owners of land and of houses directly affected by the project showed their interest in receiving cash compensation.

None of them opted to receive land for land compensation or land for construction of new houses.

As a result no resettlement sites have been identified or investigated.

MITIGATION MEASURES

The purpose of a mitigation programmed is to manage the environmental effects resulting from implementation of the Project in a manner

That minimizes adverse impacts and maximizes secondary benefits.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

The issues regarding the physical environment of the project area requiring mitigation related to Disposal Of Excavated Material, Variations Of Flow Downstream Of The Weir, Environmental Pollution Control And Public Health And Safety Of Workers.

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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING

The Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan as has been developed keeping in view the Guidelines of ADB, safeguard policies, World Bank Guidelines OP/BP 4.12 (2004), Land Acquisition Act (1894), Draft National Resettlement Policy of

Pakistan (2002) and Guidelines of World Commission on Dams

(1997).

COST OF ECONOMIC TREES A total of 624 trees will be affected by the project

implementation. The trees are generally of younger age, between 3 –

16 years. It is estimated that a single tree on an average would

yield about 70 cu. ft. of wood. According to local market the cost of Kiker, Beence,

Shahtoot is Rs. 260. per cu.ft., Walnet, Tali, Deodar, Cheer at Rs. 900 per cu.ft..

The fruit trees like Angeer is rated at Rs. 10,000 per tree whereas apricot and pear @ Rs. 12,000 per tree each.

Accordingly the total cost of 624 trees to be cut due to project implementation is estimated at Rs. 7,462,300

RESETTLEMENT FINANCING

The outlay of resettlement budget as given above amounts to Rs.194,267,000 (US$ 2,312,702.38)

The Company is committed to provide funding for the estimated amount of Rs. 194.3 million (US$ 2.3 million).

The Company will assure that the amounts of money assessed and finally approved for compensation and financial assistance are paid to the genuine persons losing land, houses and other economic assets.

MONITORING WATER RESOURCES The effect of sewage effluents on the quality of the river

water is insignificant domestic sewage flows into the river is very small.

If population of the project area increases and river discharge is reduced during the operation of project, condition of the river water deteriorate.

This will require regular quantitative and qualitative monitoring of domestic sewage entering into the river water.

The following must be monitored periodically to assess the environmental impact due to reduced water discharge

Suspended solids (sediment) analysis, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Bacterial count: E-coli Test,pH

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

Due to the scarcity of base line data on the ecology of the area including its

Aquatic ecosystem and bio-diversity, monitoring Plan for wildlife, fisheries and bio-diversity. It is suggested that this should be done for a period

of 4 years after commencement of the project operation.

The personnel required for this task will include a biologist (Forestry or Wildlife) and a chemist.

The chemist will be responsible for chemical analysis of water resources

While the biologist will collect local data on animal and plant life including pattern, age distribution, feeding and breeding areas, parasites and pests.

MONITORING PARAMETERS A comprehensive list of the factors to be monitored is

reproduced below. Rainfall Stored water volume in the head pond Annual volume of sediment transported into head pond Water quality at weir site and at various points along the

river. Salinity pH Temperature, Electrical Conductivity Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen Suspended Solids Phosphates Nitrates

Wildlife Vegetation changes in the upper watershed, head pond drawdown zone, and downstream

Areas Increases in erosion in the watershed Impacts on wild lands, species or plant communities of special ecological significance

Public health and disease vectors In- and out-migration of people with respect

to the project area Changes in economic and social status of people in the project

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The environmental analysis of Patrind Hydropower

Project has identified and assessed a number of environmental and socio-economic impacts related to

Planning, Design, Construction And Operation Phases. Patrind Hydropower Project is located in KPK and AJK It is proposed that one representative each of AJK Hydroelectric Board (AJK HEB), Provincial Environmental Protection Agency KPK DG Environment AJK May look over the performance of the key players in

the implementation of the management and monitoring strategy.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

INTRODUCTION The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

study has been conducted in line with the relevant guidelines of

Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Bank (WB), International Finance Company (IFC) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997. The objective of the study is to identify and

assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the Patrind Hydropower Project.

CONCLUSIONS

The major conclusions of the EIA are; During the Project implementation, environmental and

social impacts are experienced primarily during the construction phase.

The operation phase will have mostly insignificant impacts on the social, physical and biological environment of the area.

This has been confirmed during field surveys for the environmental and social assessment as part of this report.

The potential impacts during the construction phase of the project include land acquisition (resulting in loss of cultivated land, houses and economic trees), soil erosion, water pollution, effect on ambient air etc.

The key environmental issues during the operation phase of the project include

Downstream Flow Variations Waste Disposal Safety Hazards For The Plant Staff All the recommended mitigation measures are

contained in the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP), which will need to be made part of the EPC Contract.

The plan provides for the requisite structure of the organization during the project implementation, defining roles and responsibilities of key players.

A Resettlement Plan (RP) has also been developed and made part of the report to provide framework to address the involuntary resettlement issues and to guide through the compensation assessment and disbursement process.

The relevant provisions of RP will also be made part of the EPC Contract. The proposed mitigation measures adequately address all the concerns raised by the stakeholders.

The project is unlikely to cause any significant, lasting impact on the social, physical and biological environment of the area.

RECOMMENDATIONS

On the basis of the environmental and social impact assessment and the conclusions as discussed above it is recommended that:

The Environmental and Social Management Plan should be made a part of the EPC Contract awarded by the Company for implementation of the project.

The Company should follow the RP for addressing the involuntary resettlement issues primarily pertaining to land acquisition and compensation for houses and other economic assets.

The Company should ensure adherence to the environmental legislation and regulations.

Company and its contractor(s) should employ local labor as for as possible.

THANKS

environmental impact assessement patrind hydropower project

Technology

project construction

project operation

project patrind

project region

weir site

project components

life of project

kunhar river reach