environmental affairs © 2003 ibm corporation environmental management in a global company one...

Environmental Affairs © 2003 IBM Corporation

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN A GLOBAL COMPANY

ONE POSSIBLE WAY

Andrea SarudiEnvironmental Health and Safety Manager, IBM SSD, ISC Székesfehérvár,

Vác, Hungary

NATO Advance Research Workshop "Life Cycle Energy and Environmental Implications of Information

TechnologySeptember 1-3, 2003.

Budapest, Hungary

NATO Advance Research Workshop "Life Cycle Energy and Environmental Implications of Information Technology September 1-3, 2003. Budapest, Hungary

Contents:

IBM and the EnvironmentLong term environmental strategiesCorporate Policy from 1967Worldwide EMS - worldwide aspect analysisWorldwide objectivesOutlined programs:Energy savingEnvironmental designProduct take back



increased productivityincreased population - consumer societyreduced natural resourcescontinual waste dischargeincreased energy consumptionglobal warminggreen house effect

Not only local but global symptoms

HELP : Global collaboration, authorization, executionMultinational companies: global environmental management

Preface: Characteristic of the environment without numbers


The world largest information technology companyEmployees app. 320 000 employees worldwide in over 160 countriesYE 2002 ==> 81,2 Billion $ revenue Major business segments: IT hardware, software, services and global financingIBM is committed to the environmental leadership in all business activities, from its operation to the design of its products and use of its technology. IBM first formalized this commitment in a Corporate policy on environment protection in 1967 1997: worldwide environmental management system - worldwide certification

IBM and the Environment


Communications OrganizationManagement systemsChemical managementRemediationConservation and pollution preventionEnvironmentally conscious productsEnergy management Assessment Environmental responsibility Financial reporting Public policy Education Knowledge sharing & technology transfer

Long term environmental strategies:


corporate policy objectives (examples):

improve environmental protection, pollution prevention technology, knowledge and methods..... be an environmentally responsible neighbor ...conserve natural resources .....responsible use of energy, Develop, manufacture and market products that are safe for their intended use, efficient in there use of energy, protective of the environment, and that can be reused, recycled or disposed safely.Utilize IBM products, services and expertise to assist in the development of solutions to environmental problems

Corporate Policy from 1967


Worldwide EMS - worldwide aspect analysis

Common aspect analysis on products, manufacturing, services

corporate significant aspects for products:product energy consumptionproduct size and weightproduct chemical emissionpotentially hazardous parts and assemblies (e.g.,batteries) product protective packaging ( for shipping ) product supplies and/or consumable ( e.g., toners,

cartridges, paper, storage media)reuse and/or recyclability ( design for disassembly, product

return, reuse, upgradeability and /or modularity )


World wide objectives:

1. Pollution prevention 2.Recycling and nonhazardous waste management 3. Energy conservation - CO2 emissions reduction4. Reduce perfluorocompound emissions 5. Develop products - provide improvements in energy efficiency and/or reduced energy consumption6. Develop and manufacture products that use recycled materials 7. Develop products which minimize environmental impacts by

selecting environmentally preferred materials and finishes. 8. Reduce VOC emissions and solid waste generation during

the manufacturing 9. PELM Landfill Use Minimization


Optimize Materials life cycles

OUTLINED PROGRAMS:

Environmental Conscious ProductsEnergy SavingProduct End of Life Mamagement - Product take back


Environmental Conscious Products (ECP)


To meet Policy objectives, IBM has established its Environmental Conscious Products (ECP) program in 1991 in order to development of products ( IBM manufactures or sell) with improved energy efficiency, products that incorporate recycled content and products that can be recycled and disposed of safely.

Established standards / Engineering specification: IBM Environmental Requirements for Materials, Parts and Productsprohibited hazardous materials in products ( asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyl's (PCBs) , ozone depleting solvents) restricted potentially hazardous materials ( lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury in non-critical application: plastic housing, paints, packaging)

Product Design to Facilitate Reuse and Recycling


Continually Assess and Identify Opportunities to Improve Environmental Attributes of IBM's Products

Make environmental and business senseAddress applicable requirements Meet customer needs Maintain competitiveness

Plan and ExecuteProactive Cost effective / efficientConsistent with strategy of integrating ECP in businessMaintain credibility and leadership

Ongoing Focus


Lead (Pb)-ReductionGlobal Inventory of Product End-of-life Management

Activities and IBM Metric Update Implementation of Recycled Resin MetricECP Information Needs / Product Environmental

ProfileGlobal ECP Skills Assessment

2002 ECP Focus Items - Top Five


Energy Program


IBM Energy Program 1. : Energy conservation ( YtoY: 4%)IBM Energy Program 2. : Product with energy efficiency

"responsible use of energy throughout our business"

IBM Corporate Instruction about Energy ManagementNominated Energy Manager for major locationsSigned Energy Master Plan (Major Locations) Quarterly (M&D) / Semiannually reportsEnergy efficient design for large projectsEnergy primary focus for internal auditsEnergy significant aspect for ISO 14001Promotion through voluntary partnershipsYearly target setting by CorporationTarget to be met by locationPart of facility management contracts


Optimization of pumps in location - 13.537 kWh

Set-point optimization - 80.367 kWh

Lighting - 40.498 kWh ( cost ~ 700 ¼ )

Air conditioning - 597.945 kWh (cost ~20 000 ¼)(Savings ~38 000 ¼) Non-territory workplace (2003 vs 1999) - 5.144.535 kWh

Energy-Saving Projects (examples)


Objective:. Develop products that will provide improvements in energy efficiency and/or reduced energy consumption

ENERGY STAR target is applicable to Personal Computers, monitors, desktop printers and multifunctional devices (MFD) Qualify 100% of new models introduced each year to ENERGY STAR criteria. "Generation to Generation" energy efficiency improvement and/or reduced energy consumption target is applicable to servers (z-, p-, i-, x-Series), workstations, retail terminals, storage subsystems and tape/optics/CSP, PCs, and monitors.

Decrease operating power consumption per unit of work (functional unit defined by operating unit) versus previous generation products for those products with a valid upgrade path;

Decrease power saving mode consumption (watts) for those products having power management capabilities and a valid upgrade path;

Decrease the lowest power consumption or off-mode (watts), while being connected to a main power source (plugged into wall outlet). Laptop computers may use AC adapter values. Ultimate goal is 1 watt or less forapplicable products for which no product safety requirements are jeopardized.

ENERGY STAR PROGRAM


-10

10

30

50

70

90

110

Computers Monitors Printers

Per

cen

t %

Target Performance

2001, 2002 ENERGY STAR Performance

IBM Achieved 100% for new product introductions in 2001 and in 2002 meeting ENERGY STAR criteria.

Model/Configurations offered in 2001 include:

Personal computers - 399 total231 Desktop 168 ThinkPad

15 Monitors 41 Printers (applicable)


Monitor Energy Improvements Standby (Watts) per CRT size

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

2000 2001

Year

Sta

nd

by

Wa

tts

15 in.

17 in.

19 in.

21 in.

Examples: Monitors CRT Improvements

2001 Printer Energy Savings in Sleep Mode2000 vs. 2001

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Infoprint Models

Sle

ep

Mo

de

(W

att

s)

2000 2001

I Inf

II

Examples: Printer Improvements(printer desktop models)


CanadaOE-2001

TaiwanOE - 1999

AustraliaOE -1996 New Zealand

OE - 1997

EUOE -2000

USAOE 1993

ENERGY STAR GLOBALIZATION Office Equipment (OE)

Japan(OE -1995)


Product takeback

Resale of machines "as-is" Resale of refurbished machines Demanufacturing Part recovery Part sales Part reuse Materials recycling Incineration w/energy recovery Incineration as treatment Landfill for disposal


IBM's experience & vision on takeback and recycling systems

IBM’s Product End- of- Life / Asset Recovery: Product- End- of- Life Management (PELM) activities since 1989IBM operates 9 major Asset Recovery Centers around the world ( 2 in Europe : Mainz, Montpelier)38 295 metric tons recycled till the end of 2003, only 2. 88% of this amount was sent to landfills by IBM. Asset Recovery Centers share recycling and dismantling expertise.Experiences and recommendations are also shared with IBM product development teams to impact the design of new products.


Present IBM’s system - B2BBusiness to Business (B2B) offers in place, and a part of the internal procedure

Sources of EOL Equipment: End- of- lease equipment, Warranty replacements, Trade- in machines, IBM owned assets, Customer product returns

EOL Processing Capabilities: Return centers, Refurbishment, Secondary sales, Parts recovery & reutilization, Recycling of materials, Environmental disposal

More information about product recycling programs forconsumers, small businesses & enterprises athttp:// www. ibm. com/ ibm/ environment/ products/


Present IBM’s Systems – B2CExamples of IBM’s participation to Business to Consumer "B2C" programs, and various types of Financing models Belgium – Customer pays a visible advance disposal fee, based on product category Switzerland – Customer pays a visible advanced disposal fee at time of purchase; fees based upon product priceNorway & Sweden & Nederlands - IBM pays fee based on market share of total weight of products placed on market during previous yearTaiwan - IBM pays fees directly based upon product category;prices of products uplifted to include fee; fees invisible to customerCanada, Denmark, France, UK & US - Last owner pays EOL fee Germany - Last owner pays transport; IBM pays processing

IBM’s Strategy for B2CCollective systems where costs can be shared among a large number of manufacturers are preferred.Separate and / or independently funded takeback system for IT productsCollective financing systems based on current share - Determination of current share based on product unit sales by category or product weightSystems based on "Generation Contract" where current Product Takeback costs are financed with revenue from current sales.Use of visible fees to break out cost of recycling


PELM Landfill Metric Results

7.3

6.4

4.8

4.29

3.683.22 3.29

2.88 2.92

2.35

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2002 CI 1Q2003

Year

Pe

rce

nt

La

nd

fill

Us

e


Thank you Any question?

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