ensuring reliable & energy efficient rolling stock …icn.org.au/sites/default/files/12.40 - mr...

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Ensuring Reliable &

Energy Efficient

Rolling Stock for

Optimal Operations

Guido Vogel

13th

March 2013

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AGENDA

BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION

OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS

NEED FOR RELIABLE & ENERGY EFFICIENT ROLLING STOCK

1

2

3

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4 BOMBARDIER APPLICATIONS

5 SUMMARY

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Overview

* as at December 31, 2011

** as at December 31, 2011 (includes contractual employees)

Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Aerospace

Revenues* $9.8 billion Revenues* $8.6 billion

Backlog* $31.9 billion Backlog* $22.0 billion

Employees** 36,200 Employees** 33,600

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AGENDA




1

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5 SUMMARY

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Climate change

Urbanization and

population growth

Congestion

Oil scarcity and price of

energy

Aging of societies


5

26.4%

Rail

1.6%

72%

Road Others

CO2 Emission of Transportation Sector (Europe)

Rail has lower CO2 emissions than other

modes of motorized transport!

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AGENDA




1

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5 SUMMARY

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Need for Reliable Metro Systems

1 http://www.td.gov.hk/en/transport_in_hong_kong/public_transport/railways

Various sources: SCI Verkehr / LTA Journeys 2012 Key Transport Statistics of World Cities

The world market for metro

vehicles

With the high level of rail passengers due to urbanisation and population growth, there is a need to provide passengers with a safe, reliable and comfortable means of transport.

Metros are suitable in densely populated metropolitan areas with a need for extremely efficient means of public transport. For example, Hong Kong’s Mass Transit Railway moves over 4 million people daily between 155 stations across 246.4 km of rail1.

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The trend for automation

Soure: UITP - Metro Automation Facts, Figures and Trends (2011)

Km of automated metro in 2011, by city

The number of kilometres in service has doubled, (43/% in the last three years) with the opening of as many automated lines km as in the last 30 years. This trend is expected to continue in the coming decades.

Most of this growth takes place outside of Europe (83%); Asia stands out with 70 km. Middle East also present high growth numbers (Dubai complemented with lines in Makkah and Riyadh totalling 52 new km in 2011).

Expected evolution in automated lines (km)

Why is unattended train automation the preferred choice for new lines and systems? Besides the greater flexibility in operation and financial feasibility, UTO systems offer safer operations by reducing the human-risk factor. Well designed UTO systems have proven to be more reliable than conventional metros and hold an impressive safety record!

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Core systems of a fully automated metro

Source: Automated Metro – Ensuring Safety and Reliability with Minimum Human Intervention,

LTA Abstract 2009

Vehicle ATP Vehicle ATO Vehicle ATP Vehicle ATO

Signalling System

Integrated Supervisory and

Control System (ISCS)

Communication Rolling Stock/Train

Trains are equipped with redundant traction voltage circuit and propulsion systems.

All major equipment/control systems, including the Train Integrated Monitoring System

(TIMS) designed to ensure that a single equipment/system failure will not immobilise

train.

Critical train control functions employed hardwiring interfacing circuits to ensure high

reliability and predictable failure modes such as emergency brake, traction voltage

control circuit, propulsion control and interfacing with ATP system.

Designed to

eliminate single

point of failures!

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Achieving rolling stock reliability

Built with redundancy

- Highly reliable components

Active management of reliability

growth

Testing and commissioning

Remote train data

diagnostics

Evolution of train design – optimised

performance and through

experience

Pro-active maintenance regime & Intelligent monitoring systems

RAM and safety management processes

Many organisations are adopting FRACAS (Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Action System) to create a failure/incident data repository which will be able to assess operational reliability. Train design will slowly be evolved to optimise performance with constant feedback from such diagnostic systems. Achieving rolling stock reliability should be applied not only during design and manufacture phase but also throughout the life of the train!

Robustness Stability

Punctuality Disturbances

Arrival / departure delays

Primary / secondary delays

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Need for Energy Efficient Metros

Design efforts to maximise energy efficiency

Improving Energy

Efficiency

Stations

Rolling Stock

Infrastructure

Operational Strategies

Escalator

sensors and

speed

Modern Aux

Equipment

(eg. AFC)

LED Lighting

PSD

Installations

Adjust Air

Conditioning

Regenerative

Braking

Supercaps

Weight

LED Lighting

Adjust Saloon

Temperature (according

to pax load)

Articulation / light

weight bogies

Driverless operation

/ driving style

Vary Fares

Minimise delays /

manage dwell times

Vary Speeds

Source: 2009 CoMET and Nova Groups / Imperial College London

Coasting

ATC / ATR

Settings

Off-peak service

frequency

Split trains where suburban

branches

Track Profile /

Curvature

Underground

or elevated?

Line-side

capacitors

Higher Voltage

Low-loss

Conductor

(eg. AI)

Intelligent

ventilation to

lower AC

Lesser used

sections: Pre-

metro light rail

There are a lot of influencing factors affecting energy efficiency!

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ed. Some initiatives may yield small savings,

but over time they contribute to significant

reduction in energy consumption.

Greatest savings may lie in having

regenerative braking and Automatic Train

Operation and Regulations systems

(minimum energy consumption using

coasting).

Ensuring trains run unimpeded and with

minimal service perturbations and delay

will reduce energy consumption from

avoidable acceleration.

12

Rolling Stock


How rolling stock affects energy efficiency


There should be a fair evaluation system for energy consumption which must be clear and unambiguous until the wider environmental impacts of metros are quantified and better understood.

Regenerative

Braking

Supercaps

Weight

LED Lighting

Adjust Saloon

Temperature

(according to pax load)

Articulation / light

weight bogies

Driverless

operation / driving

style

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Relative energy efficiency of metros


The Relative Energy Efficiency of Metros

Rail has less carbon footprint than the rest of the motorised transport, metros. However, Asian metros should be particularly concerned about the share of non-traction related energy consumption (HVAC) issues and the impact on the environment.

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AGENDA




1

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3

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5 SUMMARY

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Bombardier’s ECO4 technologies can create energy

savings of up to 50%

OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

ECO4: The formula for total train performance

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Bombardier Applications

Energy Management Control System

Features

Managing energy consumption of all consumers on-board a vehicle

Energy Management - Energy Display

shows the driver actual & average energy consumption compared to fleet average

Energy Management - Energy Metering

allows billing and tracking the energy consumption for operators (new norm!)

Energy Management - Smart Stabling

reduces unnecessary auxiliary loads at turnaround, inter-peak and overnight

Benefits

Increases cost awareness of the driver

Prepared for future European norm in energy metering

Reduces energy consumption at standstill

max. 10%

Applications

• OMNEO (80 trains)

• SBB TWINDEXX (59 trains)

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Energy consumption of train runs

max. 15%

Energy consumption depends

on

EBI Drive 50

Saving energy, costs and reducing

wear

Time table

- Time frames

- Time slots

Track data - Length

- Speed profile

- Gradients, tunnels, curves

Train data

- Weight, length, engine

characteristics

- Max speed, max acceleration

- Running resistance, power

loss curve

Traction energy saving up to 15%

Reduced energy costs

Quick return on investment

Consistently punctual trains

Reduced wear to:

- Wheel sets

- Engines

- Brakes

- Track

Applicable to all types of engines

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FLEXX Tronic - The Intelligent and Active Bogie

Features

Automatically adapts to track conditions

– High speed, tight curves, different track parameters

Driven by integrated, model-based controllers to

– stabilize the bogie at high speed

– steer the wheelsets in curves

– compensate rolling of carbody

Unique Benefits

Wider carbody = more space

Increased speed

Reduced vibration, wheel and rail wear,

less wheel squeal

max. 5%

Application


• SJ Gröna Taget

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FLEXX Eco - The Light Weight Bogie

Features

In-board bearing design

Significant reduction in weight and

unsprung mass

Minimized aerodynamic drag

Unique Benefits

Reduced cost of maintenance

Reduced track wear and risk of rail damage

Reduced track access charges

max. 25%

Applications: More than 1500 million fleet kms

• Voyager & Meridian in UK

(200 km/h, 590 bogies)

• Norway State Railways

(severe climate conditions, 122 bogies)

• TURBOSTAR (186 bogies)

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Managing the Energy Consumption of HVAC Systems

Features

Transfer of energy between used and fresh air

systems

One heat exchanger per HVAC

Measuring the number of passengers and

supplying the right amount of fresh air

Unique Benefits

Improved air quality in train

Up to 26% energy savings

max. 26%

Applications

• Shanghai Line 12

• Singapore DTL


• OMNEO (80 trains)

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Reliable and Energy Efficient Rolling Stock

Weight

Special focus on light weight design.

Carbody is designed as an Aluminum integral design and further weight savings have been attained in the areas

of propulsion and auxiliaries.

Weight savings also in interiors and installation

A total of 5% weight savings compared to the previous generations is achieved.

MF Auxiliary converters

Considerably reduces weight and space

Four converters installed in train, higher redundancy and availability will be achieved.

Singapore Downtown Line

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The fastest of the family – ZEFIRO China

23 © Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.

The ZEFIRO train sets new standards with a strong and powerful design

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– Energy saving solutions

24 © Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.

ECO4 offers our customers added value to their trains and services and delivers

on the promise of Total Train Performance

ThermoEfficient

Clima-tization System

for energy savings on

HVAC consumption

38% (of original HVAC

consumption)

Mitrac Permanent Magnet

Motors


traction

2% (of original tractioin

consumption)

EnerGplan Simulation

Tool for energy saving

potentials on fleet

consumption

20% (of original tractioin

consumption)

Energy Managment

Control System for energy

savings on

the auxiliaries

10% (of original auxiliary

consumption)

EBI Drive 50 Driver

Assistance System


traction/operation

14% (of original traction

consumption)

AeroEfficient Train

Shaping for energy

savings on traction effort

9% (of original traction

consumption)

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AeroEfficient - Front Design

Lower part of the cross section

shaped to cover most of the bogie to reduce

drag & aeroacoustics

Air inlets at positions

with low pressure

differences under cruising

conditions

No discontinuity of front shape

Optimized contours to

Improve side wind

stability

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EcoEfficient - Environmental Performance

Recyclability > 90%

Recoverability > 95%

Low Greenhouse Gas

Emissions

Committed to eliminating

hazardous substances

EcoDesign through Life

Cycle Assessment

Bombardier VHS rail vehicles reflect our dedication to developing products and services for

environmentally sustainable mobility

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Q&A ?

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ensuring reliable & energy efficient rolling stock …icn.org.au/sites/default/files/12.40 - mr...

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