ensuring product quality in gene transfer clinical trials stephanie simek ph.d. division of cellular...

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Ensuring Product Quality in Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

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Page 1: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical TrialsTransfer Clinical Trials

Stephanie Simek Ph.D.

Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies

OTRR/CBER/FDA

March 21, 2001

Page 2: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Regulation of Biological ProductsRegulation of Biological ProductsBased on Sound Science, Law and Public Based on Sound Science, Law and Public

Health ImpactHealth Impact

Review Research Surveillance

Policy Compliance

Page 3: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Regulations for Biological Products Regulations for Biological Products Title 21, Code of Federal RegulationsTitle 21, Code of Federal Regulations

Part 312 - Investigational New Drugs (INDs) and Part 314 - New Drug Application (NDA)

Part 25 - Environmental Assessments Part 201, 202 - Labeling & Advertising Parts 210, 211 -Current Good Manufacturing

Products (cGMPs) (FD&C Act) Parts 610 - General Biological Product Standards

(PHS Act)

Page 4: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Guidance DocumentsGuidance Documents

Application of Current Statutory Authorities to Cell And Gene Therapy Products, Federal register/Vol. 58,No.1997/Oct. 14, 1993.

Guidance for Human Somatic Cell Therapy and Gene Therapy. CBER. March 1998.

PTC in the Characterization of Cell Lines Used to Produce Biologicals, 1993. 58 FR 42974.

ICH: Guidance on Viral Safety Evaluation of Biotechnology Products Derived from Cell Lines of Human or Animal Origin, FR. Sept. 24, 1998, Vol. 63, No. 185.

Guidance for Industry: Stability Testing of Drug Substances and Drug

Products, (Draft Guidance), CBER, June 1998.

Page 5: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

How to Ensure Product QualityHow to Ensure Product Quality

Components used in Product Manufacture Product Testing and Characterization Control of Manufacturing Process

cGMP Practices In process controls

Page 6: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

DEFINITION

Gene Therapy: The administration of genetic material to modify or manipulate the expression of a gene product or to alter the biological properties of living cells for therapeutic use. Cells may be modified ex vivo for subsequent administration to the subject or altered in vivo by gene therapy products given directly to the subject.

Page 7: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Stages in Product Development

Phase I Phase II Phase IIIProductLicensePre-IND Phase IV

IND

Page 8: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Good

Manufacturing

Practices

Full GMP

21 CFR 210, 211

Product

Characterization

Step-wise Approach to Application of Regulatory Requirements

Full characterization

21 CFR 610

Phase III

Phase I

Phase II

Pre-clinical

Prior to Phase I : need product safety testing and basic characterization infoPrior to Phase I : need product safety testing and basic characterization info

QA &QC, Clinical Monitoring Program

Page 9: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Components Used in Manufacture of Product

Vector Cells

allogeneic & autologous cell components

Cell Bank System master cell bank/working cell bank master viral bank/working viral bank

Ancillary Product/Reagents growth factors, cytokines, MoAb

Page 10: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Vector

Description, history,

and detailed derivation of construct Vector diagram Sequence analysis

Page 11: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Cells

Autologous and allogeneic cells Source (tissue and cell type) Collection procedure Donor screening

allogeneic- use blood banking criteria autologous- don’t increase viral load

or spread adventitious virus

Page 12: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Master Cell Bank Safety Testing

Sterility Mycoplasma Adventitious Virus

in vitro and in vivo virus bovine and porcine viruses human cell lines: EBV, HBV, HCV, CMV,

HIV 1&2, HTLV 1 & 2, B19, (others)

Page 13: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Master Cell Bank (cont.)

Characterization Karyology/Morphology Isoenzyme Tumorgenicity Other

Viability

Page 14: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Working Cell Bank Safety

Sterility Mycoplasma In vitro Adventitious virus

Characterization Isoenzyme Morphology

Page 15: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Master Virus Bank Safety Testing

Sterility Mycoplasma Adventitious Virus

in vitro and in vivo virus bovine and porcine viruses human viruses: EBV, HBV, HCV, CMV,

HIV 1&2, HTLV 1 & 2, B19, (others) murine -MAP RCV

Page 16: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Master Virus Bank

Characterization Identity

sequence of vector & restriction map Activity /Expression

transgene specific protein expression other

Titer

Page 17: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Other Reagents Used During Manufacture

Tabulation of reagents used Final concentration Vendor Source (human, bovine, etc.) Licensed product, clinical grade, reagent grade Certificates of Analysis, cross reference letter

Qualification program

Page 18: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Product Manufacturing

Vector Production/Purification Ex Vivo Modified Cells

method of collection/processing ex vivo modification procedure other modifications (irradiation) final harvest

Page 19: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Product Manufacturing (cont.)

Formulation of Final Product formulation buffer excipients vector concentration/cell density storage

Page 20: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Final Product Testing Requirements

Demonstration of productsafety

Assessment of product characterization

Maintenance of product lot consistency

Page 21: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Final Product: Safety

Sterility Mycoplasma Endotoxin/Pyrogenicity Adventitious Virus

In vitro virus RCV

Page 22: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Final Product: Characterization

Identity restriction map, structural characterization

Activity transgene specific

Titer Purity

cell substrate DNA, RNA, & protein

Page 23: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Final Product Characterization (cont)

Potency required by phase II

Stability Development of Lot Release

Specifications

Page 24: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Control of Manufacturing Process

Cell bank characterization Master viral bank characterization Final product characterization Lot release tests and specifications Ancillary products

Page 25: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP)

DefinitionA set of current, scientifically sound methods, practices or principles that are implemented and documented during product development and production to ensure consistent manufacture of safe, pure and potent products

Applies to both the manufacturing process and the facilities

Page 26: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Ex Vivo Transduced CD34+ Cells Expressing HSV tk

Growth factors

PBSC CD34+Selection

Retroviral Viral vector Flt-3,

CSF, Fibronectin

CD34+ transduction CD34+ expressing HSV tk

Anti-CD34+ MoAB

Page 27: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

Summary

Step-wise Approach to Regulatory Requirements

Safety Testing Requirements Control of Manufacturing Process cGMP Practices

Ensure a safe and Quality Product

Page 28: Ensuring Product Quality in Gene Transfer Clinical Trials Stephanie Simek Ph.D. Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies OTRR/CBER/FDA March 21, 2001

CBER INFORMATION

FAX: 301-827-3844

or 1-888-CBER-FAX

PHONE: 301-827-1800http://www.fda.gov/cber/

E-mail: [email protected]

[email protected]