enk6-ct1999-00019 implementation of the “solvent” glazing system: a user-friendly design tool
DESCRIPTION
ENK6-CT1999-00019 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE “SOLVENT” GLAZING SYSTEM: A USER-FRIENDLY DESIGN TOOL Evyatar Erell and Yair Etzion (Ben-Gurion U.) Jose Molina (U. of Seville) and Ismael Rodriguez (U. of Cadiz) Vitor Leal and Eduardo Maldonado (U. of Porto) ENERBUILD RTD PROJECT MEETING - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
ENK6-CT1999-00019
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE “SOLVENT” GLAZING SYSTEM:
A USER-FRIENDLY DESIGN TOOL
Evyatar Erell and Yair Etzion (Ben-Gurion U.)
Jose Molina (U. of Seville) and Ismael Rodriguez (U. of Cadiz)
Vitor Leal and Eduardo Maldonado (U. of Porto)
ENERBUILD RTD PROJECT MEETING
22-23 October, 2002
Lyon, France
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Overview
Part 1:
What is the SOLVENT project: Exposition of the research problem, project objectives and indicative results.
Part 2:
The user-friendly design tool as a means of assisting professionals in the building industry to specify an appropriate glazing combination for their project.
Part 3:
Dissemination activities
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
PART 1:
THE SOLVENT PROJECT (in brief!)
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
1. Direct exposure to solar radiation often results in:
- visual discomfort due to glare
- thermal discomfort due to high radiative load
- deterioration and fading of furnishings
In climates with cool, sunny winters and warm summers, direct gain systems have several drawbacks:
What is the SOLVENT glazing system (I): Problem definition
Is it possible to overcome these problems yet not lose the benefits of solar heating by direct gain?
2. Large glazed areas are useful in winter,
but may cause over-heating in summer.
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
What is the “SOLVENT” glazing system (II): The concept
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
The project aimed to complete the development of an
innovative glazing system, which is based on the concept
of converting short-wave solar radiation to convective heat
and long wave radiation.
• Develop aerodynamic, thermal and optical models
• Design a suitable frame
• Experimental evaluation
• Develop a design tool and guidelines for installation
The outcome is a tested product ready for demonstration
and commercial exploitation.
Project objectives
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001
Indicative experimental results (I): Glass surface temperature
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100time
tem
pe
ratu
re
( de
g C
)
tinted exterior tinted facing channelclear facing channel clear (interior)
glass surface temperatures (summer mode)
Solar radiation is absorbed in the tinted glass, resulting in temperature elevations of 20 degrees or more above ambient air.
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
(Sde-Boqer test cell, February 3, 2002)
Indicative experimental results (II): Air temperature
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100
time
tem
per
atu
re
( deg
C
)
.
top middle bottom room air h=150
vertical temperature profile in air channel (winter mode)
Room air enters the bottom of the vented channel, absorbs energy from the warm glass, and is supplied to the room up 20 degrees warmer.
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Indicative experimental results (III): Illumination levels
illumination (0.85 m above floor), exterior daylight – approx. 110,000 lux.
Improved daylighting observed: Smaller (absolute) contrast and lower levels of illumination in conditions of extremely intense sunlight.
Clear double-glazed window
SOLVENT window
200
400
600
1,00
0
2,00
0
3,00
0
4,00
0
5,00
0
10,0
0
0 15,0
0
0 20,0
0
0 25,0
0
0 30,0
0
0 50,0
0
0
lux
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
PART 2:
THE USER-FRIENDLY DESIGN TOOL
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
User-friendly design tool
The SOLVENT user-friendly tool is targeted at architects and energy consultants in the building construction industry.
Purpose:
1. To assist in the selection of an appropriate absorptive glazing.
2. To evaluate the energy performance of the integrated system.
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Glazing properties
The clear glazing should be as clear as possible (to allow solar gains in winter) and should provide a high level of thermal insulation (preferably low-e)
The absorptive glazing should be as dark as possible, to block solar gains in the summer.
Thermal considerations:
Daylighting considerations:
The tinted glazing should be absorptive enough to control glare on sunny days
The tinted glazing should allow reasonable daylighting on overcast days
The first step is to select an appropriate absorptive glass!
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Daylight availability – local conditions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Probability that the level is exceeded
Ho
rizo
nta
l Illu
min
ance
, kL
ux
Tel Aviv Diffuse
Tel Aviv Global
Porto Diffuse
Porto Global
Berlin Diffuse
Berlin Global
source: Meteonorm
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Glazing selection
1. Detailed simulation (e.g. RADIANCE):
Accurate; time consuming; requires professional software, such as RADIANCE; requires skilled user.
go to slide
2. A simplified simulation tool – SOLDES:
The SOLvent Daylight Evaluation Script is an interface with RADIANCE
Semi-professional; Requires specific software to be installed in the computer, and basic Unix/Linux knowledge.
go to slide
3. A library of pre-worked examples:
Crude; restricted to limited number of building typologies and environmental conditions; easy to use.
go to slide
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Daylight simulation with RADIANCE
back
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Input data for SOLDES
• Room width dept and height
• Window width (W), depth (D) and height (H), followed by Horizontal (HD) and Vertical (VD) distance to origin
• Reflectivity of the wall material
• Glazing transmissivity
• Number of viewpoints
• View point(s) coordinates
• Sun altitude and Azimuth
• Sky type
W
D
H
HD
VD
Origin point
X
YZ
back
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Pre-worked examples (I): Environmental conditions
Sky luminanceDiffuse illuminance
[kLux]
Global illuminance
[kLux]
Very high luminance40110
High luminance4080
Medium luminance3050
Low luminance1520
Overcast 10 kLux1010
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Pre-worked examples (II): Room geometry
Plan view Elevation
Assume: Interior walls have a reflectivity of 80%
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
SOLVENT design tool: Daylighting case study
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Energy calculation (I): Input window specifications
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Energy calculation (II): hourly results
1. Select location and date
2. Define operating conditions
3. Select desired output
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Energy calculation (III): daily results
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Energy calculation (IV): Monthly results
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Energy calculation (V): Compared to reference glazing
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
PART 3:
DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
All test data to be collated and made available on CD or by
internet, in conjunction with project reports.
Academic publication of aerodynamic, thermal and optical
models.
A module describing the window is being prepared for
integration in ESP-r.
Design guidelines and a computerized tool are being
developed in the project, to provide architects with technical
information required for glazing selection.
Dissemination (I) – software and documentation
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Overums Fonsterfabrik (window manufacturer) will
promote the product by:
• product catalogues• trade fairs
The consortium will also publicize the window through
environmental publications and internet sites, such
• WIRE (ISES)• EU web services such as ‘MARKETPLACE’
Dissemination (II) – the glazing system
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
A high-profile project for a “real” building, as
opposed to an experimental or demonstration
facility, is probably the best means of creating
interest – in the construction industry, among
building designers and in the general public.
Dissemination (III) – demonstration project
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, ISRAELEvyatar Erell and Yair Etzion
AB Överums Fönsterfabrik, SWEDENNils Carlstrom
University of Gävle, SWEDENMats Sandberg
University of Seville, SPAINJose Luis Molina
University of Porto, PORTUGALEduardo Maldonado
Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus, GERMANYOlaf Gutschker
The SOLVENT consortium
SOLVENT
Development of a ventilated solar-screen glazing system
consortiumconsortium
conceptconcept
objectivesobjectives
glass propertiesglass properties
glass selectionglass selection
overviewoverview
problemproblem
tooltool
energy calcsenergy calcs
disseminationdissemination
homehome
THANK YOU!