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Upscaling of WFT data to estimate the reservoir flow capacity

San Donato Milanese, 15/10/2014

Andrea Adelmo Asci

Master in Petroleum Engineering and Operations 2013-2014

eni s.p.a. upstream & technical

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Upscaling of WFT data to estimate the reservoir flow capacity

Author:

Andrea Adelmo Asci

Division: eni S.p.A.

Upstream & Technical Services

Dept.: RESM

San Donato Milanese, 15/10/2014

Company Tutors:

Enzo Beretta

Giuseppe Tripaldi

Eleonora Azzarone

University Tutor:

Prof. Francesca Verga

2013-2014Master in Petroleum Engineering and Operations


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Agenda

Scope of Work & Background

Case Studies & Workflow

Conclusions & Future Works


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Scope of Work

� To identify suitable methodologies for upscaling local well data,acquired by WFT (Wireline Formation Testing), to reservoir size(for major clastic scenarios) in order to avoid conventional testingoperations.

� To provide a preliminary workflow to point out the main selectioncriteria for the entire upscaling process.


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Cost Saving in deep-water and ultra-deep-waterscenarios, where daily rig cost exceeds 1 MMUSD.

Matching HSE constraints, particularly in geographicalareas where hydrocarbons flaring is not allowed/limited.

Data valorization for reservoir studies, i.e. well deliverability.

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Motivations & Benefits


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eni State of the Art

� Increasing number of miniDSTs (dual packer and Saturn tools)performed in recent years (11/2012–08/2014): about 15 fieldapplications.

� Some preliminary studies about WFT data exploitation.


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Oil Companies

Other Oil Companies are investigating on upscaling. All major oil companies involved in miniDSTs.

Universities & Research Centers

Imperial College, London.

Service Companies

Baker Atlas (Technical support).Schlumberger, Halliburton (miniDSTs).

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Worldwide State of the Art


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The Framework

� eni R&D Project: Increasing cost-saving in deep-water exploration/appraisal campaigns by reducing well testing operations.

� Objective: Development of a methodology and of interpretation tools to upscale WFT at reservoir scale.

� Duration: 3 years (Feb. 2014 – Jan. 2017).

� Involved Professional Areas: Petroleum Engineering (RESM), Petrophysics (GICA), Operational Geology (GEOP).

� On-Going Activity: Data Collection and Q/C. Pre-feasibility studies.


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Agenda




Case 1: Upscaling of Single Probe data

Case 2: Upscaling of MiniDST data

Screening Matrix and Workflow



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�

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Single Probe Tool

Tool Features


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Single Probe vs. Conventional Well Test

Regarding the upscaling:

� To be proposed if the reservoir is vertically homogeneous.

� No miniDST can be performed because of thick layers (> 15 m).

� “Indirect Upscaling” methodology, i.e. field-calibrated correlations.


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Single Probe: “Indirect” Upscaling

Further work planned:

� To deeper Q/C the WFT derived permeabilities (and particularly to investigate uncertainty at low/high mobilities).

� To search correlations considering also petrophysical synthetic permeabilities (to be used as weight factor in averages).


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Agenda









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MiniDST: Tools Comparison

Dual-Packer 3D Saturn Radial ProbeP

RO

S

� Larger flowing area.

� Adjustable height (1 - 3 m).

� Improved sealing.

� No storage volume.

� Faster fluid identification.� Reduced operations time.

CO

NS

� Longer cleanup time.

� Higher sticking risk.

� Set flowing interval.

� Higher partial penetration.


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MiniDST: Tested layer vs. Upscaled Interval

Data

Tool 3D Saturn Probe

Tested layer 23 ft.

Net Pay 40 ft.

Average porosity 16 %

Fluid Type Oil

Oil Viscosity 0.35 cP

Oil FVF 1.3 RB/STB

Total Compressibility 10-5 psi-1


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MiniDST: Data Interpretation


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Direct Upscaling

k-Φ correlation from cores

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MiniDST: Direct Upscaling

SyntheticPermeabilityLog


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MiniDST: Direct Upscaling Results

� From this pre-feasibility study, permeability data from the upscaled pay and thereference well are in agreement.


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Agenda









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Reservoir Scenario Operation Analysis

� Single layer� Homogeneous � Thickness < 15 m

Run miniDST No Upscaling Required

� Single layer / Multilayer� Homogeneous� Thickness >> 15 m

Exploit Single Probe Data

Field-CalibratedCorrelations (“Indirect” Upscaling)

� Single layer� Heterogeneous� Thickness >> 15 m

WT Required WT data interpretation

� Multilayer� Homogeneous� At least one layer < 15 m

Run miniDST Direct Upscaling

� Multilayer� Heterogeneous� All layers thickness >> 15 m

WT Required WT data interpretation

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Preliminary Screening Matrix:Upscaling Methodology vs. Reservoir Scenario


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Upscaling Feasibility Preliminary Workflow

More than one layer?

YES

WELL DELIVERABILITY

At least one layer < 15 m?

YES

Run MiniDST on “key” layer

RESERVOIR ISSUES(Late time models,

critical fluid sampling…)

Conventional Well testing

NO

Exploit Single Probe Data

NO

Run MiniDST

“Indirect” Upscaling

Direct Upscaling

MiniDST Data interpretation

Well Test Data Interpretation

Screen

ing

Crit

eria

Op

erati

on

sA

naly

sis

Start

WT Objective?


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Agenda





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� The pre-feasibility studies on the upscalability of permeabilitiesderived from both single probe and miniDST showed challengingresults.

� A preliminary screening matrix on suitable “upscalingmethodology vs. reservoir scenario” has been set.

� An effective preliminary workflow summarized the studied casesin order to identify the upscaling opportunities achieved so far.

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Conclusions


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Future Works

� Further insight in petrophysics will be accounted to make theresults more robust.

� The feasibility study will be extended to other case studies up to06/2015, when a prototype upscaling methodology is expected to bedelivered.


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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Eni Upstream and Technical Services Division Management for permission to present this work and related results, and RESM colleagues for

the technical support and needed assistance.

Moreover, thank you all for your attention!


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Any questions?

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