enhancement module lecture 4-fma and regulations

ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER DSH 213

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

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ACTS AND REGULATIONS1. OSH ACT 1994 and Regulations

2. FMA 1967 and Regulations

3. Uniform Building By-Laws 1984

4. Other Laws


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FACTORIES AND MACHINERYACT 1967 (FMA 1967) and Regulations


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REGULATIONS UNDER FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

1. Factories and Machinery (Certificates of Competency – Examinations) Regulations, 1970

2. Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger and Goods Lift) Regulations, 1970

3. Factories and Machinery (Fencing of Machinery and Safety) Regulations, 1970

4. Factories and Machinery (Notification of Fitness and Inspections) Regulations, 1970

5. Factories and Machinery (Person-In-Charge) Regulations, 1970


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6. Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations, 1970

7. Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations, 1970

8. Factories and Machinery (Administration) Regulations, 1970

9. Factories and Machinery (Compounding of Offences) Rules, 1978

10. Factories and Machinery (Compounding of Offences) Regulations, 1978

11. Factories and Machineries (Lead) Regulations, 1984

12. Factories and Machineries (Asbestos Process) Regulations, 1986


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13. Factories and Machinery (Building Operations and Works of Engineering Construction) (Safety) Regulations, 1986

14. Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations,1989

15. Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust) Regulations, 1989


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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 (FMA 1967) Objective:

• Control of factories with respect to safety, health and welfare of

persons

• Registration and inspection of factories and machinery


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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 (FMA 1967) Objective:• Control of factories with respect to safety, health and welfare of

persons

• Registration and inspection of factories and machinery

Factories- a premise having activities/work carried out by way of trade for the purpose of gain with and employing more than 5 persons but if 5 or less persons but using machinery, it is still a factory

Machinery –all machinery or equipment but not office equipment or machinery driven solely by manual power (except hoisting machine), or domestic equipment, or machinery used solely for propulsion of vehicles (except steam boilers or steam engine)


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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 (FMA 1967) Objective:• Control, Registration and inspection of factories and machinery

Control-Register, Inspection, Officers and relevant standards

PART 1 –Interpretation, Officers, Powers of Inspectors, Licensed Persons

PART II – Safety, Health and Welfare

PART III – Persons in Charge and Certificate of Competency

PART IV – Notification of Accidents, Dangerous occurrences and Occupational Diseases

PART V – Notice of occupation of factory, registration and use of machinery

PART VI- General-liability, fees, penalties, exemptions, medical supervisions, Regulations



2. Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger and Goods Lift) Regulations, 1970

3. Factories and Machinery (Fencing of Machinery and Safety) Regulations, 1970

4. Factories and Machinery (Notification of Fitness and Inspections) Regulations, 1970

5. Factories and Machinery (Person-In-Charge) Regulations, 1970

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HE

ALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

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Factories and Machinery (Certificates of Competency – Examinations) Regulations, 1970

▪ Set up the framework for the certificated of competency required under Factories and Machinery (Persons-ln-'Charge) Regulations

▪ Laid down pre-requisite for the application for a certificate of competency and the examination procedure

▪ All certificates of competency have requirements for experience and an examination pass before they can be granted

▪ Certificates of Competency can be suspended or cancelled if the holder is medically unfit or in case of serious misconduct or if judged unfit after an enquiry in any court



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▪ Examinations, Qualifications, Syllabus, Panel of Examiners

▪ First, Second Grade Engineers ( Steam, ICE)

▪ Dredgemasters

▪ First, Second Class Engine Driver (Steam, ICE)



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Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger and Goods Lift) Regulations, 1970

▪ All new lifting machines (cranes, cab, winch) and lifting appliances (pulley and chain blocks) have a manufacturer's certificate specifying safe working load with design drawings and load calculations

▪ Apply to lifts that are use to carry persons including goods lift

▪ Owner to provide detail design to obtain approval from DOSH(Regulation 6)

▪ Capacity of a lift is based on lift car floor area and displayed clearly on each lift car (Regulation7)



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▪ Specifications for the following components of a lift system ;

▪ - Machines room (Regulation 9)

▪ - Lift well (Regulation 10)

▪ - Landing doors (Regulations 12 and 13)

▪ - Lift car (Regulation 14 to 29)

▪ - Suspension system (Regulation 20-29 )



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PART I- Interpretation, application, owner’s liability and approval of installation

PART II- Design, Construction, Installation and Tests

PART III – Maintenance- Duties of Owner

PART IV – Miscellaneous- Notices, Attendants, Penalties



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REGULATIONS UNDER FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 Factories and Machinery (Fencing of Machinery and Safety) Regulations, 1970

- Describe safeguarding of machinery - all dangerous parts of machine including the power source transmission must be guarded- Describe methods for guarding various parts of machines

PART I- General conditions- fencing, construction, opening, point of operation, Construction of Machinery

PART II- Prime Movers-general provision, Exhaust Gases, Fuel Tank

PART III – Transmission Machinery- shafts, gears,

PART IV –Driven Machinery-Abrasive, grinding machinery, rollers, saws, power presses, conveyor,

PART V- Duties and liabilities



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Factories and Machinery (Notification of Fitness and Inspections) Regulations, 1970

▪ Part 1- Specify the forms that must be used to notify the DOSH officer of a new occupancy of a factory, the start of building work, the installation of certain machinery and the notification of accidents and diseases

▪ Part 2- Describe the certificate of fitness that must be held for steam

boilers, UPV and hoisting machines

- Certificate of fitness is valid for 15 months from the date of inspection

(Regulation 10)



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REGULATIONS UNDER FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 Factories and Machinery (Notification of Fitness and Inspections) Regulations, 1970

▪ Part 3 – Governs the inspection of factory or machinery by DOSH

▪ - Factory and machinery inspected at regular intervals (15 months but up to 36 months at the discretion of DOSH - Regulation14

▪ - DOSH give advance notice of the inspection to the occupier , Occupier prepare machinery for the inspection

▪ - Factory or machinery not complying with regulations may result in DOSH issuing a direction to improve the situation (Regulation 27)

▪ Stop work notice may be issued for machinery without a current certificate of fitness (Regulation 28)

▪ Part 4 – Fees



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REGULATIONS UNDER FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967 Factories and Machinery (Person-In-Charge) Regulations, 1970

Specify person in charge of certain machinery require a certificate of competency :

▪ - Steam boiler

▪ -Steam engine

▪ -Internal combustion engine

▪ - Dredge

▪ Steam boiler include UPV with steam connected to it

▪ - Steam boiler and steam engine require steam boiler driver's certificate of "competency for smaller boiiers (<2000 sq ft heating surface)if



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▪ - Larger boilers need a certificate of competency for steam boriler and steam engine (Regulation 5)

▪ IC engines <100 hp need a holder of IC engine driver certificate

▪ Larger IC engine need a holder of an IC engine englneer's certificate in charge

▪ Dredge operated by steam or IC engine must have a person who holds an engineer's(steam) certificate of competency or an engineer's (l C engine) certificate of competency or dredge master certificate of competency (Regulation 7)



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▪ - Requirements for operators to be trained for certain machinery

▪ Operators must have a course of instruction and supervised for 10 days by an experienced operator (Regulation 20)

▪ Types of Machinery includes saws, presses, hoisting machines, metal working machines



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Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations, 1970

- Deal with factory premises and various safety, health and welfare requirements : Key points:

- Safe means of access and safe place of employment, provision of edge protection non floor openings and stairs(Regulation7,8)

- All stairways and floors must be of good construction and properly maintained; ladders must be of adequate construction and maintained in a sound condition (Regulations 9 to 11)

- Persons must be protected from falls of more than 10 feet by the use of safety belts or ropes (Regulation 12)

- Adequate protection are necessary before working inside cofined space (Regulation 13)



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▪ Flammable and dangerous liquids must be securely stored and precautions taken against fire and explosion (Regulations 14 to 17, 21, 22)

▪ Materials and finished goods must be securely stored and precautions taken against fire and explosion (Regulations 19, 20)

▪ Specifications are laid down for cleaning of surfaces inside factory (Regulation 23)

▪ Lightings, ventilation and climate requirements are all detailed (Regulations 24-29)

▪ Working clothes and protective equipment (Regulafion32)

▪ Welfare facilities such as toilets, drinking water, washing facilities and first aid (Regulations 33-38 )



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▪ Four schedules of the regulations:

▪ First Schedule

- Specify classes of factories that do not need internal surfaces white washed every 12 months;

▪ Second schedule

- Describes the level of lighting required in different parts of the factory

▪ Third schedule

- Lists work activities that need eye protection or protective screens

▪ Fourth schedule

- contents of first aid box



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Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations, 1970

Part 1 – General Conditions

-Describes condition for obtaining permission from DOSH before a steam

Boiler or unfired pressure vessel (UPV) is manufactured or imported

- DOSH may accept the design and operation details of the item an issue an

authorized safe working pressure (SWP)

Steam boilers and UPV (autoclaves, compressors, Pressurized storage tanks and gas cylinders) must comply with the codes listed in schedule



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Part 2- Steam Boilers

- Details on safety fittings required on a steam boiler

- Burner system of steam boiler

Part 3-Unfired Pressure Vessel

- Air receiver, steam receiver and other UPV

- Essential safety fittings and further specifications



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▪ Part 4-Miscellaneous

- Provision of Piping associated with steam boiler

- Procedure for hydrostatic test before put into service and at interval not exceeding 7 year

- Registration plate that display registration number



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (ADMINISTRATION) REGULATIONS, 1970

Set out the administration by DOSH officer of FMA and regulations

• List of fees charged for an officer’s service

• Describe the records that must be kept by DOSH personnel

• DOSH must provide a report on the administration of the Act and regulations to the minister every year.



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (COMPOUNDING OF OFFENCES) REGULATIONS, 1978

Some offences can be compounded

• Compounding is an agreement to receive of money from an offender instead of prosecuting him

• Describes offences that can be compounded

• Rules gives procedures to be followed by

DOSH for compounding an offence



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (BUILDING OPERATIONS AND WORKS OF ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION) (SAFETY) REGULATIONS, 1986

PART 1

Works of engineering construction:“… the construction of any railway line or siding and the construction, structural alteration or repair (including re-pointing and re-painting) or the demolition of any dock, harbor, inland navigation, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, waterworksor gas holder…”• Regulation applies in addition to any other relevant FMA or regulation requirements, e.g. certificate of fitness for hoisting machine, guarding of dangerous parts f machinery• There are 17 parts in the regulation:



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Part 2• Describes general precautions that should be taken• Use of PPE, electrical safety, lighting, access to workplaces, storage of materials and disposal of debris

Part 3• Precautions to be taken in the erectionand dismantling of formwork for concrete buildings



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Part 4• Safety requirements involved in the erection of structural steel and pre-cast concrete structures• Temporary floorings needs to follow up the construction of a steel frame building (Regulation 38)



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Part 5• Safety requirements involved during cleaning, repairing andmaintenance of roof, gutters, windows, louvres and ventilation

• Working on steep roofs (Regulations 39 to 42)• Crawling board or roofing brackets must be installed on roofs with a slope greater than 1 in 4 (Regulation 40)



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Part 6• Catch platform erected along the exterior faces of structures for demolition originally more than 12.2 meters in height• Protect public against falling objects

Part 7• Chutes for rubbish removal totally enclosed if the angles exceed 45 degreesfrom horizontal• Design and construction of chutes(Regulations 46 to 49)• Use and inspection of safety belts and safety nets (Regulations 50 to 57)



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Part 8•Runway and ramps for the use of vehicles,workers and barrows (Regulations 58 to 61)

Part 9• Ladders and step ladders• Securely fixed so that they cannot slip• Ladder access is necessary for all work exceeding 1.5 meters in height(Regulation 71)



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Part 10•Scaffold and their components must be well structured from suitable and sound material and of adequate strength• Sufficient materials available to construct the scaffold• Scaffold material properly stored and when not in use kept away from defective material

▪ Every scaffold properly maintained and accidental displacement must beprevented• Scaffold securely placed or fixed in position• Stability of scaffold – independent, putlog or mobile units (Regulations 76 and 77)



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Part 10

▪ Provision of braces, ties, the structural integrity of the building supporting the scaffold• Requirements concerning the construction, stability and firm base requirements for mobile towers• Scaffolds inspect weekly or after exposure to severe weather condition• Inspection results entered into a register kept on site• Guard rails are required on scaffolds if persons may fall > 3 meters



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Part 11- Required precautions for demolition• Main provisions:√ No part of the building or structure can be allowed to become dangerously overloaded with debris√ The following work must be done under close supervision of a competent person with adequate experience of work:a) Demolition of all or part of a building structure (except when there is no foreseeable risk of collapse)b) Demolition of all or part of a building or structure where there is a special risk of collapse of anything as a result of the demolitionc) Cutting of an reinforced concrete steelwork or ironwork forming part of the building or structure being demolished and before the cutting precautions are to be taken to prevent twisting, springing or collapse



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Part 12• Safety in excavation work• Excavation shored up or cut back to prevent collapse• Guardrails must be installed if excavations exceed 3 meters in depth (Regulation 113)• Excavation provided with safe access if more than 1.2 meters deep (Regulation 115)

Part 13• Storage and disposal of building materials• Safe method of stacking bricks, masonry blocks and bags (Regulation 122)



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Part 14• Safety in piling work• Inspect pile driving equipment daily by a competent person• Competent person to personally direct the work and give the operating signals(Regulation 127)

Part 15• Explosives must not be handled or used except by or under the immediate control of a competent person• When explosive are fired, employees must not be exposed to risks of injury from the explosion or flying material• Take steps to prevent accidents



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Part 16• Hand and power tools must be maintained in a safe condition• Use of hand tools, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, fuel and power drivenequipment



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Safety Organization on Site (Regulations 25-27)• Main contractor should appoint a part-time site safety supervisor – spend at least 15 hours per week on safety supervision• Contractor with more than 20 persons on the site appoint contractor’s safety supervisor - spend at least 5 hours per week on safety supervision• Safety supervisor should be competent person with at least 2 years experience as a site foreman• When 50 or more persons are employed on a construction site, the main contractor should establish a safety committee• Committee consist of a senior member of the main contractor’s staff, all appointed safety supervisors and any appointed site workers



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERIES (LEAD) REGULATIONS, 1984Specify a range of duties and controls• Health surveillance (blood test) and administrative control• Key features:– Permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 150 μgm3 of air averaged over an 8 hour period– Protection factor may be taken into account when respiratory protection is worn– Employers are required to carry out atmospheric monitoring– Personal samples to be taken from employees exposed to lead• Specific detail of monitoring program:- Initial determination made using representative sample or worst case (highest exposure)- Monitoring for all employees exposed above action limit

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERIES (LEAD) REGULATIONS, 1984Frequency of monitoring – at least every 6 months for exposures below PEL and above action level (75 μgm3)- Every 3 months for exposures above PEL- Employees must be notified of results• Specify engineering control and work practice to be used to control exposure to below PEL• Specify respiratory protection based on airborne concentrations of lead• Employers provide other forms of protective equipment (coveralls, gloves, goggles, shoes etc.) and ensure employees use them• Employer is to arrange for their cleaning and storage• Provide change room and shower facilities• Provide medical surveillance program for all employees exposed above the action level for > 30 days per year

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FACTORIES AND MACHINERIES (LEAD) REGULATIONS, 1984Frequency of biological monitoring is specified as well as the frequency of medical examination• Temporarily removed an employee from exposures above the action level where blood levels are above 80 μgm/100 gm for males and40 μgm/100 gm for females of child bearing capacity• Employee training• Procedure for record keeping• Penalty – RM2000.00



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERIES (ASBESTOS PROCESS) REGULATIONS, 1986- Establishes a PEL of 1 fiber/ml of air over 8 hour period• Requires exhaust equipment (LEV) to be provided in order to keep exposures below PEL• Requires equipment to be examined and tested at specified intervals by a competent person• Provide PPE in the prescribed area or where concentrations exceed PEL• Obligation on employees to use PPE• Cleaning and housekeeping• Personal monitoring at least at 3 monthly intervals to comply with regulations• Medical examination of employees at least every 2 years (lung function test)• Specify details of the test• Provide employees with training on the process, controls, PPE and medical surveillance• Medical records kept for 20 years• Remove employees from work area if there is indications of asbestos related diseases



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FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (NOISE EXPOSURE) REGULATIONS,1989• Permissible exposure level:- Equivalent continuous sound level of 90 dB(A)- Noise dose of unity- Not exceeding limit in schedule- Maximum noise level of 115 dB (A)- Impulsive noise not to exceed 140 dB • Method of compliance is by engineering and/or administrative controls• PPE is used if these are not practicable• Initial and ongoing monitoring for employees exposed above Action Level• Hearing protection for employees exposed above the PEL or action level• Hearing protection must attenuate noise levels below the PEL and limit for impulsive noise• Audiometric test program every year if exposure is above PEL or there is a threshold shift• Train employees in aspects of regulations, effects of PPE and audiometric testing



FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS, 1989• Employers provide and employees required to use protective clothing, respiratory equipment and other protective equipment, Report any defects in the equipment• Sand blasting is prohibited unless writtenapproval from DOSH is obtained• PEL for mineral dust (<1% silica) of 5 mg/m3respirable and 10 mg/m3 total, PEL of 0.1 mg/m3 quartz and 0.5 mg/m3 forcristobalite and trydimite• Carry out atmospheric monitoring:– Initial monitoring of all employees in processing area– Every 6 months for exposures between action level and PEL– Every 3 months for exposures above PEL– Employees must be notified of the results•



FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (MINERAL DUST) REGULATIONS, 1989• Control equipment to remove dust (engineering control)• Inspect (by a competent person) and maintain equipment• Employer required to provide PPE• Medical examination of employees exposed above action level• Medical records to be kept for 20 years• Provide training for employees on the regulations, nature of the operation, control equipment and medical examination

