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ENGLISH LITERATURE
Literary Periods, Movements and History
IES ‘MARÍA ZAMBRANO’-LEGANES (Madrid)
English Literature History
From the Conquest to Chaucer 1066-1400
From Chaucer to Spenser 1400-1599
The Age of Shakespeare 1564-1616
The Age of Milton 1608-1674
From the Restoration to the Death of Pope 1660-1744
The Death of Pope to the French Revolution 1744-1789
The French Revolution to the Death of Scott 1789-1832
From the Death of Scott to the Present Time 1832-1893
Appendix
American Literature History
Preface
The Colonial Period 1607-1765
The Revolutionary Period 1765-1815
The Era of National Expansion 1815-1837
The Concord Writers 1837-1861
The Cambridge Scholars 1837-1861
Literature in the Cities 1837-1861
Literature Since 1861
Appendix
Literary Periods
Renaissance Literature
The Enlightenment Romanticism
Transcendentalism
Victorian Literature
Realism
Naturalism
Modernism
Bloomsbury Group
Existentialism
Beat Generation
Ginsberg, Allen (1926-1997)
Kerouac, Jack (1922-1969)
Burroughs, William S. (1914-1997)
Corso, Gregory (1930-2001)
Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1919-)
Cassady, Neal (1926-1968)
Solomon, Carl (1928-1993)
Holmes, John Clellon (1926-1988)
Johnson, Joyce (1935-)
Kesey, Ken (1935-2001)
Brautigan, Richard (1935-1984)
Snyder, Gary (1930-)
MAJOR WRITERS OF THE BEAT GENERATION (USA)
ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD: -BEOWULF
MIDDLE ENGLISH PERIOD: -THE CANTERBURY TALES
-THE HOUSE OF FAME
THOMAS MALORY: MORTE d’ARTHUR
Sir Gawain and the
Green Knight
1500-1660
ENGLISH RENAISSANCE: TUDOR PERIOD (Humanist Era)
Sir Thomas More
1500-1660 ENGLISH RENAISSANCE:
TUDOR PERIOD (Humanist Era)
John Skelton
1500-1660 ENGLISH RENAISSANCE:
TUDOR PERIOD (Humanist Era)
Sir Thomas Wyatt
THE RENAISANCE PERIOD
1500-1660 ENGLISH RENAISSANCE:
The Elizabethan Age
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Elizabethan Age
Christopher Marlowe
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Elizabethan Age
Edmund Spenser
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Elizabethan Age
Sir Walter Raleigh
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Elizabethan Age
Ben Johnson
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Jacobean Age
Metaphysical POETS
John DONNE
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Jacobean Age
Metaphysical POETS
Francis BACON
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Jacobean Age
Metaphysical POETS
Thomas MIDDLETON
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Caroline Age
Metaphysical POETS
John MILTON
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The Caroline Age
Metaphysical POETS
John FORD
1500-1660 ENGLISH
RENAISSANCE: The COMMONWEALTH
PERIOD (Puritan &
Protectorate)
Thomas Hobbes Andrew Marvell
1660-1700 Neoclassical Period:
The RESTORATION PERIOD:
JOHN MILTON JOHN DRYDEN
1660-1700 Neoclassical
Period: The AUGUSTAN AGE:
ALEXANDER POPE
1660-1700 Neoclassical Period: The AUGUSTAN AGE:
JONATHAN SWIFT
The THE GULLIVER’S TRAVELS
1700-1800 Neoclassical Period:
The AGE of SENSIBILITY:
• SAMUEL JOHNSON
• HENRY FIELDING
1785-1870 ROMANTICISM
The AGE of REVOLUTION:
• William Blake • William Wordsworth • S.T. Coleridge • G. G. Byron • Percy B. Shelley • John Keats
• Jane Austen
1785-1870 ROMANTICISM
The AGE of REVOLUTION:
• William Blake • William Wordsworth • S.T. Coleridge • G. G. Byron • Percy B. Shelley • John Keats
• Jane Austen
1785-1870 ROMANTICISM
The AGE of REVOLUTION:
• William Blake • William Wordsworth • S.T. Coleridge • G. G. Byron • Percy B. Shelley • John Keats
• Jane Austen
1870 - 1914 Victorian
Period
• Charles Dickens • The Bröntes • George Eliot • Robert Browning • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
1870 - 1914 Victorian
Period
• Charles Dickens
• Robert Browning • The Bröntes • George Eliot • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
1870 - 1914 Victorian
Period
• Charles Dickens • Robert Browning • The Bröntes
• George B. Shaw • George Eliot • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
1870 - 1914 Victorian Period
• Charles Dickens • Robert Browning • The Bröntes
• William B. Yeats • George Eliot • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
1870 - 1914 Victorian
Period
• Charles Dickens • Robert Browning • The Bröntes • George Eliot
• D.H. Lawrence • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
1870 - 1914 Victorian
Period
• Charles Dickens • Robert Browning • The Bröntes
• T. S. Eliot • Lord Tennyson • Thomas Hardy
Virginia Woolf James Joyce
1941, the year in which Irish novelist James Joyce and English novelist
Virginia Woolf both died, is sometimes used as a rough boundary for
postmodernism's start.
Post-war developments in literature (such as the Theatre of the Absurd, the
Beat Generation, and Magic Realism)
POST-WAR LITERATURE
Samuel Beckett William S. Burroughs
Beat Generation (USA)
Allen Ginsberg's Howl (1956),
William S. Burroughs's Naked
Lunch (1959) and Jack Kerouac's
On the Road (1957) are among
the best known examples of Beat
literature.
Allen Ginsberg
Jack Kerouac
Underground, anti-conformist youth movement
in New York
MAGIC REALISM
Thomas Bernhard, Peter Handke, John Fowles, Angela Carter, John Banville,
John Fowles Angela Carter
Margaret Atwood Jonathan Franzen (USA) Ian McEwan
David Mitchell Toni Morrison (USA) Philip Roth (USA)
The Handmaid's Tale (1985) is
perhaps Atwood's best known
novel and emblematic of the
social criticism
The Corrections, his third novel, was
selected for Oprah Winfrey's book club in
2001
British writer Ian McEwan started winning
literary awards with his first book, First Love,
Last Rites (1976) and never stopped.
Atonement (2002) won several awards and is
being made into a movie, and Saturday (2005)
won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize.
In his first novel, Ghostwritten
(1999), he uses nine narrators to
tell the story and 2004's Cloud
Atlas is a novel comprised of six
interconnected stories
Toni Morrison's Beloved (1987) was named best novel of
the past 25 years in a 2006 New York Times Book Review
survey. The novel won the Pulitzer Prize in 1988, and
Toni Morrison, whose name has become synonymous
with African American literature, won the Nobel Prize in
Literature in 1993.
The Plot Against America (2005)
In Everyman (2006), Roth's 27th
novel,what it's like growing old
Jewish in America.
ENGLISH & AMERICAN WRITERS TODAY
Zadie Smith John Updike (USA) Kazuo Ishiguro
In his first novel, An
Artist of the Floating
World (1986), Ishiguro
explored the world of
post World War II
Japanese society.
Guildford, Surrey, England
She wrote her first novel,
White Teeth, while still at
Cambridge and
published it after
graduation in 2000.
In 2002, Smith published
The Autograph Man.
On Beauty (2005)
In 2009, Smith published
Changing My Mind
John Updike's first book of poetry,
The Carpentered Hen and Other
Tame Creatures, was published in
1958, and his first novel, The
Poorhouse Fair, was published in
1959. In 1960, Updike published
Rabbit Run, the first of the
"Rabbit" novels (Rabbit, Run;
Rabbit Redux; Rabbit Is Rich;
Rabbit At Rest; and Rabbit
Remembered). The book was an
instant success and established
Updike's reputation as one of the
most significant contemporary
American novelists.
ENGLISH & AMERICAN WRITERS TODAY
Summary
THE GREAT WRITERS in ENGLAND
There are many writers who have served to augment the English Literature. At the early period, it was poets and dramatists. The latter part of the English literature, was illuminated by the great writers of novels and short stories. The oldest western poems were named as ‘Beowulf’ and ‘Seafarer’ by the editors of the History of English books, in 19th century. During the Middle English period, 13th Century poem ‘Owl and the Nightingale’ was written by Geoffrey Chaucer (1345-1400). He wrote many poems in the Middle English period. His best-known work is ‘The Canterbury Tales’ which have kept even today’s literature illuminated.
The Great Writers of English Literature
The Modern English period dawned just after Chaucer, during the Renaissance Period in England. The great poet William Shakespeare (1564 – 1616) enhanced English literature immensely. Even today his poetry was accepted as unbeaten by the whole world. The earliest work as a dramatist dates from 1591 of Henry VI, Henry V and Richard III. Shakespeare’s style has a wider range than that of any other writer, ancient or modern.
Then Sir Walter Scott of 1771-1832, wrote his first poem ‘The Lady of The Last Minstrel’. Also ‘Lady of the Lake’ and ‘Rokeby’ were famous. His most famous novel was ‘Ivanhoe’. He wrote an average of two novels per year. Rudyard Kipling 1865 – 1936 served immensely for English Literature. The poem ‘The Ballad of East and West’ raised him to the front rank. Then he wrote many books –‘The Light That Failed’ in 1901 – ‘Kim’, deep love for English soil made him live in England. The children’s’ stories ‘Just so-stories’ 1902, ‘Puck of Pook’s Hill’ 1906, Rewards and Fairies’ in 1910..He received many honors as 1907 – Nobel Price for Literature. John Milton 1608 – 1674,is a poet who won a remarkable place in English Literature. He wrote poem ‘Paradise Lost’ ‘Lycidas’ ‘Nativity Ode’ etc. The true Miltonic vitality takes various literary forms. It shows itself in the heat and commotion of his pros, in the youthful enthusiasm of the ‘Nativity Ode’.
John Dryden was educated in Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge. He wrote satirical and didactic poems. ‘Absalom’ and ‘Achitophel’ in 1681. He rattled the reader with joy in ‘Farewell ungrateful Tailor’, ’The Lady’s Song’ or ‘Ah Fading Joy’ and in many more touching the good and bad side of human nature. D.H.Lawrance 1885-1930 was a gifted writer in English Literature. Mostly he wrote of the relationship of men and women. He wrote, ‘The White Peacock’ (1911), ‘The Trespasser’ (1912), ‘Sons and Lovers’ (1913), ‘The Rainbow’ (1915) and many more stories. The novel ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover(1925) was famous among the people those who watch films as well as readers.
The female writers as Bronte sister, Emily, Anna and
Charlotte, wrote the famous books as ‘Wuthering Heights’
‘Villette’ ‘Agnes Grey’ ‘Tenant of Wild fell Hall’.
It is said that no other story is more explicable in fiction
than that of the three sisters. The writers looked at so far
had represented the major literary forces of English
language.
There are many more too, worthwhile to mention as great
writers in English Literature.