English English LanguageLanguage

General QuestionsHow many paragraph do we haveHow many paragraph do we have??

We have 4 paragraphsWe have 4 paragraphs..

How many lines do we haveHow many lines do we have??We have 50 linesWe have 50 lines..

What is the titleWhat is the title??The Progress of Arab MedicineThe Progress of Arab Medicine..Progress, what is the meaning of Progress, what is the meaning of this wordthis word??

It means that things get better; things It means that things get better; things improved; changedimproved; changed..

Long ago, before Islam, people's health in Arabia was Long ago, before Islam, people's health in Arabia was generally poor. The quality of drinking water was not generally poor. The quality of drinking water was not good and it was scarce. The supply of food was good and it was scarce. The supply of food was irregular. Diseases spread quickly in the hot climate irregular. Diseases spread quickly in the hot climate and in the dusty winds. Some of the most common and in the dusty winds. Some of the most common were malaria, smallpox, leprosy and eye diseases like were malaria, smallpox, leprosy and eye diseases like trachoma and glaucoma. Some of them were carried trachoma and glaucoma. Some of them were carried by flies and mosquitoes. Local remedies were given to by flies and mosquitoes. Local remedies were given to those who were ill, but the remedies often did not those who were ill, but the remedies often did not workwork. There were no hospitals. In these conditions, a . There were no hospitals. In these conditions, a lot of lot of new-bornnew-born babiesbabies did not survive. Many adults did not survive. Many adults did not live long, eitherdid not live long, either..

Give names of any diseases? Describe themGive names of any diseases? Describe them??MalariaMalaria: a serious disease which makes you very hot: a serious disease which makes you very hot..SmallpoxSmallpox: a serious disease with large spots that stay : a serious disease with large spots that stay afterwardsafterwards..LeprosyLeprosy: a serious skin disease in which a person can : a serious skin disease in which a person can lose fingers, toes, and other parts of the bodylose fingers, toes, and other parts of the body..Trachoma and glaucomaTrachoma and glaucoma: two disease of the eyes: two disease of the eyes..

Long ago, before Islam, people's health in Arabia Long ago, before Islam, people's health in Arabia was generally poor. The quality of drinking water was was generally poor. The quality of drinking water was not good and it was scarce. The supply of food was not good and it was scarce. The supply of food was irregular. Diseases spread quickly in the hot climate irregular. Diseases spread quickly in the hot climate and in the dusty winds. Some of the most common and in the dusty winds. Some of the most common were malaria, smallpox, leprosy and eye diseases like were malaria, smallpox, leprosy and eye diseases like trachoma and glaucoma. Some of them were carried trachoma and glaucoma. Some of them were carried by flies and mosquitoes. Local remedies were given to by flies and mosquitoes. Local remedies were given to those who were ill, but the remedies often did not those who were ill, but the remedies often did not workwork. There were no hospitals. In these conditions, a . There were no hospitals. In these conditions, a lot of lot of new-bornnew-born babies did not survive. Many adults did babies did not survive. Many adults did

not live long, eithernot live long, either..

How these diseases are spreadHow these diseases are spread??

By flies (By flies (smallpoxsmallpox, , leprosyleprosy, , trachomatrachoma, , glaucomaglaucoma))

And by mosquitoes ( And by mosquitoes ( malaria malaria ))..

New WordsNew Words

SucceedSucceed..

Born very recently; very young and is only a Born very recently; very young and is only a few weeks oldfew weeks old..

Younger than a childYounger than a child..

WorkWork

new-new-bornborn

babybaby

As their civilization expanded, the Arabs As their civilization expanded, the Arabs learned from the old Greek, Persian, learned from the old Greek, Persian, Byzantine and Indian Byzantine and Indian cultureculture. Information and . Information and ideas ideas concerningconcerning health and medicine were health and medicine were translated into Arabic. For the first time, such translated into Arabic. For the first time, such knowledge was available in a single knowledge was available in a single language. Arab doctors like Ar-Razi and Ibn language. Arab doctors like Ar-Razi and Ibn Sina worked with these ideas Sina worked with these ideas scientificallyscientifically..

Which cultures that Arabs learned fromWhich cultures that Arabs learned from?? The Arabs learned from the old Greek, Persian, The Arabs learned from the old Greek, Persian,

Byzantine and Indian cultureByzantine and Indian culture..

Give names of some great Arab doctors of the Give names of some great Arab doctors of the pastpast??

Ar-Razi and Ibn SinaAr-Razi and Ibn Sina..

Similar to civilization, but connected more Similar to civilization, but connected more with the ideas of a civilizationwith the ideas of a civilization..

AboutAbout..

Working as a science; using the methods of Working as a science; using the methods of sciencescience..

CultureCulture

concerninconcerningg

scientificallyscientifically

They observed people's illness. They They observed people's illness. They experimented with new medicine in order to experimented with new medicine in order to cure cure people. They kept records of the people. They kept records of the quantities they used and their effects. They quantities they used and their effects. They recorded their successes and failures. Their recorded their successes and failures. Their methods are still used today. Also, like today, methods are still used today. Also, like today, some of their work was done in hospitalssome of their work was done in hospitals . .

Why did Arabs doctors experiment with new Why did Arabs doctors experiment with new medicinemedicine??

In order to cure peopleIn order to cure people..

What did they recordWhat did they record??

They recorded their successes and failuresThey recorded their successes and failures..

To cure people is to make them better To cure people is to make them better when they are sickwhen they are sick..

curecure

The first hospitals were The first hospitals were establishedestablished in the time of the in the time of the early Arab caliphs. Like hospitals today, they were early Arab caliphs. Like hospitals today, they were institutionsinstitutions that were that were runrun privatelyprivately or by the or by the government. Their aims were to improve health, cure government. Their aims were to improve health, cure diseases and expand medical knowledge. They diseases and expand medical knowledge. They attracted students from hundreds of attracted students from hundreds of milesmiles away away because of their because of their lectureslectures and and first-classfirst-class libraries. libraries. They They achievedachieved the highest standards, especially in the highest standards, especially in Baghdad, Alexandria and DamascusBaghdad, Alexandria and Damascus..

Give some of Arab citiesGive some of Arab cities??Baghdad, Alexandria and DamascusBaghdad, Alexandria and Damascus..How were hospitals runHow were hospitals run??They were run privately or by the governmentThey were run privately or by the government..Why did the institutions attract students from hundreds Why did the institutions attract students from hundreds

of miles awayof miles away?? Because of their lectures and first-class librariesBecause of their lectures and first-class libraries..

Started; builtStarted; built..

Example of institutions are hospitals, Example of institutions are hospitals, ministries, schools, universitiesministries, schools, universities..

To operateTo operate..

establisestablishh

institutioinstitutionn

runrun

Adverb from adjective private. Some Adverb from adjective private. Some hospital were operated by the hospital were operated by the government, others by private peoplegovernment, others by private people..

The measurement of distance. 1 mile=1.61 The measurement of distance. 1 mile=1.61 kilometerskilometers..

A kind of lesson, usually at a universityA kind of lesson, usually at a university..

PrivatelyPrivately

milemile

lecturelecture

The very best qualityThe very best quality..

First-classFirst-class

Arab medical Arab medical achievementachievement passed to Europe passed to Europe around the seventeenth century. They were around the seventeenth century. They were developed further in the West. In the developed further in the West. In the twentieth century, the latest development twentieth century, the latest development have been imported into the Arab world. have been imported into the Arab world. Once again, Arab medicine and health care Once again, Arab medicine and health care are among the bestare among the best.

When did the Arab medical achievement When did the Arab medical achievement pass to Europepass to Europe??

Arab medical achievement passed to Europe Arab medical achievement passed to Europe around the seventeenth centuryaround the seventeenth century..

Something that a person has achievedSomething that a person has achieved..

achievemenachievementt

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