english for all occasions.pdf

8/10/2019 English for All Occasions.pdf

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. I . ARBECKOVA, N. N. VL ASOVA

ENGLISHfor

ALLOCCASIONS

H I G H E R S C H O O L P U B L I S H I N G H O U S E

MOSCOW 1971


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CO NTENTS

. ......... .............. . .................... .................................. .. 51. Thanks ...............

................... ............. . . ....................- ............... 82. Apologies .................. ......... ..................... ........ ......................... 103. A rresting Someones A tte ntion... . ....................... .................. 154. Greetings and Possible Replies.................................................... 175. Expressing Surprise When Meeting People ............................. 186. What We Say When Meeting People....................................... .. 207. Receiving Visitors and Playing Host ........ ........... ..................... 238. Introducing People ................................... .................................. .. 269. Parting ......................................................................................... 28

10. Ag reement, Confir mation, Consent, Certainty, Pr obabil ity - - - 3211. Disagreement, Denial, Improbability, Doubt, Disbelief.......... 3512. Ignorance, Lack of Certainty. ............................................ ......... 38

13. Surprise and Unexpectedness ...........

..........

................................. 4014. A sk ing for Per mission and Instructions, G iv ing Permiss ion 4215. Requests ................ . . . , . ............................................................... 4516. Offers, Offering Ones Services .......... . ................ ................ .. 4917. Instr uctions, Orders, A dv ic e ....................................................... 5318. Encouragement, Comfort, Sympathy, Regret............ ................. 5619. Wor ry , A nx iety, T rouble, Uneasiness , Mis g iv ing s .................. 6020. Compliments, Praise, Satisfaction, A pprov al, A ppre cia tion.. 6221. Disa pprov al, Diss atis fac tion. Lack of S y mpat hy ...................... 6622. Indifference, Neg ligence, Habit. T ak ing T hings Easy . Lack

of Surprise ......................................................... .............. .............. 7023. Suggestions, Invitations, A rrangements, Settl ing T hings . . . 73

24. Congratulations and Wishes .........

......... ...................... . .......... 7625. Indignation, Irritation, Anger, Irony........ ............. ............ . . . 7 926. W ar ning, Dange r, Caution, T hreats, P r ohib itio n... ........... 8327. Success and Failure. S tar ting and Finis hing a J o b ........ ......... 8728. Discussing and Planning Things. Expressing Intention, De

ter mination, W illingn es s or Reluctance to Do Something.Changing Ones M in d. ....................................... ........................ 90

29. Ex pressing Necessity and Urgency. T ension and Relax ation 9530. Discussing Mood and S ta te . ..................... .......... ..................... 9931. Discus sing Reactions and Impress ions. Comme nting on

Peoples B e hav iour ........ . . . ...................... .............. ................. 101

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32. G etting Inform ation, Asking Peoples Opinion, Being Curious 10233. Comparing and Contrasting Things, Stressing Likeness and

Difference .............................................................................................. .......10834. M aking Oneself Understood, Making Ones Meaning Clear.. 10935. Un derstand ing and M isunderstanding, Clearing Up Things 111

36. Starting, Resuming and Winding Up a Talk. Changing theSubject ................................... ................. ........................................... .......114

37. Introducing a Personal Element into Ones Statement. GivingAdditional Information. Being Emphatic..................... .................... 118

38. Debating a Point. Reasoning and Arguing. Winning an Argument and Adm itting Ones D efe at. ............................................... 120Review Exercises ...................................................... .................................125List of Books Used by the Authors for Ideas and Examples 128


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, .

( , Will you ask him to wait? W ould you mind asking him towa it? Ask him to wait, will you? . .). , ,, , , .

*. , . , ( , hellwith you! Shut up! L ets round off. .) , , ,

( , I thoug ht better of it. Eve rythin g will come round.It was a narrow escape. What a shame! Search me! .).

, . , .

- , , . . , - May I use yourphone? May I be excused? May I see you home? . Asking for Perm ission

. , , ( , Do you mind my smok ing here? Do you mind if I smokehere?).

.

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- , , , - , , . React to the statements using one of the following - , , , , .

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. .

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, . , ( , pattern dialogues).

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Thank you (very much).Thanks ( .)Thank you for doing it.

Thank you for coming.

Thank you for telling me(about it).

Thank you, youve been

very helpful.It was very kind of you to

do it. Than k you.

Thank you for the troubleyouve taken.

Than k you, anyway.Thank you in advance.Thank you for a wonderful

evening (for the pleasure of your company,for taking me out, etc.).

( ) . . ( ),

. ( ),

. ( ),

( ). ,

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1. THANKS


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Replies

Youre welcome.

Youre always welcome.

Do nt me ntion it. \Not at al l. J

Im the one who ought tothank you.

No trouble at all.

That was a pleasure.

The pleas ure was allmine.

. (He .)

. ( .)

. ( . .)

.

, .

(

). .

E X E R C I S E S

I. Memo ri ze the dia logues:

Youve done me a gr ea t favour. Th ank you for thetrouble youve taken.

No trouble at all .

Im afraid I havent been of great help to you.Thank you, anyway.

Thank you for a wonderful evening. That was a pleas

ure.Im glad you liked it.

Th ank you for the pleasure of your com pany.The pleasure was all mine.

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Thank you for taking me out. I m the one who oug ht to than k you.

Ill do everything you asked me.Thank you in advance.

We were so glad to see you. Thank you for coming.The pleasure was all mine.

II. In reacting to the sentences given below use one of thefollowing:

Youre welcome. D ont me ntion it.Youre alw ay s welcome. Not at all.

1. Thank you, youve been very helpful. 2. Thank youfor tellin g me about it. 3. Tha nk you for rem ind ing me.4. It was very kind of you to drop us. Thank you verymuch. 5. I really dont know what wed have done withoutyou. Thanks a lot. 6. Im so much obliged to you. I dontknow how to thank you. 7. It was very kind of you tokeep us out of trouble. Thank you.

III. Express your gratitude . . .

when someone has taken the trouble of doing somethingfor you.

when lea ving a p art y someone has given,when someone has helped you.when someone, though willing to help you, has failed

to do so.when asking someone to do something.

2. APOLOGIES

Im sorry. . , .

( . .)

Im so sorry.Im very sorry.

. ( .)

.

(I beg your) pardon.Excuse me.Pardon (me) .

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Reminder: When used as an apol ogy or to a ttra ctsomeones attention, the remarks E x cu se m e and Pardon m e are pronoun ced with the falling intonation. When

pronounced with the r is ing intonation, they express a

request to repe at the remark.

Excuse my back.

Excuse my disturbing you.

Excuse my bein g late.

Excuse my troubling you.

Excuse my interruptingyou.

I must apologize (to you).

Excuse my going first. Illlead the way.

Sorry Ive kept you wait

ing.Apologize to Martin for

me.

I hope I didnt hurt you.

I didnt mean to hurt you.

I meant no offence,*No offence mea nt.

( . )

Dont be (get) cross withme. ( . )

*Dont hold it against me.

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1. . 2.

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For give me, please. Imeant well.

Im afraid Ive taken uptoo much of your time.

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( ) .

Replies

Thats (quite, perfectly)all right.

Not a t all .Never mind.

Forget it.

You neednt apologize. Itsmy fault.

No trouble at al l.

No harm done.

No offence taken . ( . )

. ( ).

. ( .) . (

.) . (

. .)

. .

, !

. ( .)

.

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I hopeI didnt hurt you.


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E X E R C I S E S

I. Memorize the dialogues:

Excuse my troublin g you.

No trouble at all .

Forgive me, please. I meant well. Never mind. Fo rget it .

I beg your pardon. Im afraid Ive taken up too muchof your tim e.

Not at all Im sure. Youre always welcome.

I must apologize to you.You neednt apologize. Its my fault.

Apologize to Joh n for me.I will.

Excuse my going first. Ill lead the way.Th ats all r ight .

Excuse my back.Thats all right.

II . Compose short dialogues m aking use of the table.

Sorry Ive kept you waiting.

Excuse my interruptingyou.

Excuse my back.I hope I didnt hurt you.I didnt mean to hurt you.I meant no offence.

Thats (perfectly) allright.

Never mind.Forg et it.

No harm done .

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"Sorry , I ve kep t you w a i t i n g

III . R ea c t to the fo llo w ing :

1. Sorry Ive kept you waiting. 2. Dont hold it againstme. 3. Dont be cross with me. 4. Im afraid Ive taken uptoo much of your time. 5. Excuse my troubling you. 6. Excuse my dis turbin g you.

IV . C hange the sen ten ces b e g in n in g you r apo log ies w ith E x c us e m y b ei ng . . . ( d o i n g . .

M odel: Sorry , Im late. Im sorry I mentioned it.Excuse my being late. Excuse my me ntio ning it.

1. Im sorry, it was rude of me. 2. Im afraid Ive beenimpolite. Excuse me. 3. I owe you an apology for beingso inconsidera te. 4. S orry to int err up t you. 5. I ha te totrouble you, but could you give me a hand with the bookcase, its so heavy. 6. Am I intruding? Pardon me. 7. Ivegot to apologize for interfering.

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V. How will you apo log ize . . .

if you think youve hurt someone?when interrupting a person?

if you interfe re in somebod ys conversatio n?if you th ink yo uve been rude?if you have to sit or stand with your back to someone?if you have kept someone waitin g?if you feel you are taking up too much of somebodys

time?

3. ARRESTING SOMEONES ATTENTION

Excuse me . . . 1 . . , ( -Pardon m e . . . 1 J . . . )

L o o k here! } ! ( !)

*Hey! ( .) ! !

Replies

Yes? ? ( .)

Reminder: In this case Yes is pronounced with therising intonation. Yes as a confirmation is pronounced

with the falling tone.Yes? W ha t is it? , ?Yes? W ha t can I do for , -

you? ( .) ?

Yes? What is it?

1 See the reminder on page 11.

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1. M em orize th e d ia logues:

Excuse me, sir.Yes?W here is the smokin g-room?This way, please,Thank you.Not at all .

E X E R C I S E S

I say!

Yes? What is it?Am I right for Central Park?No, its in the opposite direction.Thank you.You are welcome.

Excuse m e . , . Could you tell me the t ime?"Its ten to five.

Excuse me, sir.Yes? What can I do for you?Could you help me with my suit-case?Yes, certainly.

Look here! Is there anyone in there?No. Not a soul.

II. Com pose short d ia logues using the table . P a ttern d ia log u e :

Excuse me . . . Yes?Could you tell me the way to the Albert Hall?

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Its just round the corner.Thank you.

Excuse me . . .I say!Look here!

Yes?Yes? What is it?Yes? W ha t can I do for

you?

4. GREETINGS AND POSSIBLE REPLIES

How do you do? !Hallo! (Hello!) ( .) !Hallo, everybody! ( .) ! (

)Good mornin g! !Good afternoon! !

Reminder: When used as greetings, Good morning and Good afternoon are p r o n o u n c e d w i th the fallingtone. They are pronounc ed with the risi ng tone whenused as words of parting .

Good evening! !* H i! ( . .) !

E X E R C I S E S


How do you do, Mr. Smith?How do you do, Mrs. Black?

Hallo, Jack !Hallo, Nell!

Hallo, everybody!Hallo!

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Good morning, Miss Blunt.Good morning, Mr. Wilson.

Good afternoon!Good afternoon!

Good evening, everybody!

Good evening!

II. Give possible replies to the following greetings:

1. Good evening, Miss Fairfax. 2. Hallo, Bill! 3. Goodmorning! 4. Good afternoon, George! 5. How do you do?6. Good morning, everybody!

5. EXPRESSING SURPRISE WHEN MEETING PEOPLE

Why, John?

What a pleasant surprise!

Look whos here! ( .)

* If it isnt Mr. White!( . )

*Fancy meeting you here!

( . )

(This is a) sm all world!

W ha ts brou ght you here? 1W hat brings you here? j

How come yo ure here?( .)

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"W hy, George! What a pleasant sur-

prise!

E X E R C I S E S


Look whos here!Why, Michael! What a pleasant surprise!

Never expected to see you here.This is a small world.

Look whos here! Hallo, John!Hallo, Dick! Glad to see you!

II . Combine the sentences:

Why, Bess!

Look whos here!

Whats brought you here?What brings you here?How come youre here?This is a small world!What a pleasant surprise!

II I. Supply the m iss ing remarks.

1. . . . This is a small w orld . 2. Max, wh at ap leasant surprise ! 3. Why, Mr. Finch! . . . ?

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4. H ow come you're he re ? 5. "Look wh os he re?

IV, S a y what customary phrases you use to express sur-

prise at meeting someone.

6. WHAT WE SAY WHEN MEETING PEOPLE

How are you?

How are you getting on?

How are you getting onwith your book (article,etc.)?

How are things (with ]you)? I

* Ho w goes it? ( . )

How is everybody athome

How is your wife?

How is she feeling?

Anything wrong with. . .?

Whats the matter?Its a long time since we

met last.Im glad youre back.

Its good to see you.Nice meeting you.

( .)

I was missing you (badly).

1. ? 2. ?

? ( ?)

( . .) ?

?

( ) ?

( ) ?

?

- . . .?

? .

, .

.

() .

Replies

Fine, tha nk you. j , .I m all righ t, than k you. j

Not bad. .

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Not too we ll.

So, so.Middling.

Very (pretty) much thesame.Very well, thank you.Gett ing better (worse) .

H es doing fine (well, ba d

l y ) .I dont know. I dont see

much of him.

He . ( .)

. . ( .)

. ( .)

, . (, )

( ) .

() . .

.

E X E R C I S E S


How are you getting on?Fine, thank you. And how are you?Not too well.Why, whats the matter?

Its a long time since we met las t.Yes, very.

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I 'm glad youre back. I was missing you badly.Oh, thank you. So was I.

Hows John?Very much the same.

How s the patien t?G etting worse, I m afra id.

Hows our invalid?Getting better, thank you.

H ows Jack ge tting on?Hes doing fine.

Hows Donald getting on with his article?Im afraid I dont know. I don't see much of him.

II . A nsw er the questions using a sentence from the righthand column.

How are you?How are you getting on?How is your son?How is your wife feeling?How is everybody at

home?

Fine, thank you.Very well, thank you.So, so.

Not bad.Middling.Not too well.Very much the same.

III. (a) In answering the questions use a sentence from those give n in brackets.

(b) Compose short dialogues beginn ing with the key question or stateme nt.

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Pattern dialogue:

Is anything wrong with James?Yes, he is not feeling very well.Why, whats the matter with him?

Its heart trouble again.1. Hows yo ur dau gh ter ? (S he s doin g fine. Shes not

doing very well. Getting better. Getting worse. Verymuch the same, t ha nk you. So, so.)

2. Hows everybody at home? (Not too well. Not bad. Fine,thank you. Very well, thank you. Everybodys allright. Middling.)

3. How are you getting on with your book? (Fine, thankyou, Ive finished it. Im nearly through with it. Not too

well, Im afraid. Got stuck, you know. Nothing to boastof. Could be better.)4. (Is ) any thin g wr ong with James? (Yes, hes not feeling

very well. No, hes quite all right, as far as I know. Idont know, I dont see much of him. What makes youthink so? Hes doing badly, Im afraid.)

5. Whats the matter with Jim? (Hes been taken ill. Hesgot into trouble. Hes getting worse. He had a bad fall.)

6. Its a lon g time since we me t last. (I m gla d you reback. I w as m issing you. Yes, very. Was any thing wrong

with you? Nice m eetin g you.)IV . A sk questions to which the following could be the

answers.

1. Fine, th an k you. 2. H es doing well, th an k you.3. Not too well, I'm afraid. 4, Everybodys fine. 5. Getting

better. 6. I t s a long time since we met last. 7. I m finishingit, thank you.

V. Answer the questions.

I. How ar e you? 2. How is your wife (hus ban d) ge ttin g on? 3. Ho w is everybody at home? 4. H ow s your fatherfeeling? 5. Ho w are thin gs with your aun t? I he ar shewas ill. What was the matter with her? 6. How are yougett ing on with your new job?

7. RECEIVING VISITORS AND PLAYING HOST

Come in, please . j , ..Won t you come m? / J

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This way, please.

Wo nt you sit down? 1Take a seat. J

Make yourself comfortable.

Make yourself at home.

H ave some... 1Help you rself to... J

Will you have some salad(pudding, etc.)?

Have some more jam

(ham, etc.) .Ha ve anothe r cup (some

more ice-cream, etc.) .

* Care for a cup of tea(some more ice-cream,etc.)? ( .)

Shall I fix you a drink?

( ) , .

, .

.

, .

. . . , . . .

( , ...) (

. .)?

( . .).

( . .).

( . .) ?

-?( - ?)

Replies

Thank you.No, thank you.

Yes, please.No, thanks, no mor e.

( .)

Ive had enough, than k

you.

. , .

, . , ,

. , .

E X E R C I S E S

I. M emorize the dialogues:

Come in, please. This way,Thank.you.Wont you sit down? Make yourself comfortable.Than k you very much."

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Wont you come in?"Thank you.Take a seat and make yourself at home.Thank you.

"Have some apple-pie.Thank you. It looks delicious.

Have some more fish. No, thanks , no more. I ve had enou gh.

Have another cup of coffee.Thank you.

Will you have some fru it?No, thank you.

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Shall I fix you a drink?Yes, please.

II . React to the sentences given below using one of the

following:Thank you. Yes, please.No, thank you. No, thanks, no more.

1. Have some fish., 2. Have some more juice. 3. Carefor a cup of tea? 4. Have another whisky, will you? 5. Helpyou rself to the sal ad. 6. Sha ll I fix you ano the r drink?7. Will you have some chicken? 8. Will you have somemore turkey?

III. What will you s a y . . .

when you open the door to someone?when you show someon e into the room?when offering someone a seat?if you w an t th e visitor to feel comfortable?when treating your guest to something?when offering your guest another helping?when offering your guests a drink?

8. INTRODUCING PEOPLE

Let me in t roduce. . .( . )

Allow me to in tro duce . . . ( .)

* May I pr es en t . . .( .)

Meet my wife (my brother, etc.). ( . )

This is Mr. Brown (myhusband, etc.) .

May I introduce you toMr. Brown (my husband, etc.)? ( .)

Reminder: As distinct from other sentenc es beginning with M ay the introduction formula M ay 1 intro-duce you to . . .? is pronounced with the fal l ing tone.

. . .

( . .).

- ( . .).

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May I introduce myself?( .)

Will you introduce met o . . .?

.. . ,

, . . .

Replies

How do you do?Glad to meet you.

Weve met before.

.

. . . .

vMay I introduce myself? My name

is Christopher Columbus.

E X E R C I S E S


Mrs. Howard, let me introduce Mr. Douglas Ford.How do you do, Mr. Fo rd ?How do you do, Mrs. Howard?

Will you introduce me to Mrs. Benson?Mrs. Benson, this is Miss Blake.How do you do, Miss Blake?How do you do, Mrs. Benson?

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Jack, meet my friend, John Wilson.W eve met before.

Mr. Finch, this is my brother.Glad to meet you.

II. Compose short dialogues using the table.

This is my sister.Meet m y cousin.Let me introduce Miss

Carter.This is Mrs. Jo hn Blake.

How do you do?How do you do, Mr

( M i s s . . . M r s . . . ) ?Weve met before.Gl ad to meet you.

9. PARTING

Good-bye.See you later.

See you soon.See you tomorrow (on

Monday, etc.).So long. ( .)

I must be goin g (ru nning) .

*1 must be off.

Ive got things to do.( .)

Ive got a call to make.

Ive got an appoi ntm ent.

I wont take up any moreof your time.

Come on. ( .)Its been nice meeting

(seeing) you.Its been a pleasure.

. . (

.) . (

. .). . ( .)

.

.

( ).

.

( .)

.( .)

.

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Thank you for coming.Thank you for a nice par

ty.Keep in touch, ( .)

Ill be missi ng you .Keep well.

Hope we meet again.( .)

Hope to see you soon.( .)

When shall I see youagain?

Hop e you ll come to seeus some time. ( .)My best regards to every

body at home (to yourwife, your mother, etc.).

, .

. . (

.) . ,

. ,

. ,

.

?

, - .

( , . .).

E X E R C I S E S


I mu st be going. Ive got thing s to do.See you tomorrow.

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Its been nice seeing you. Hope we meet again. Goodbye.

Good-bye. Keep in touch.

Why are you in such a hurry ?Ive got a call to make. See you later.

So sorry I must be going. Ive got an appointmentfor five.

My best reg ard s to your wife.

Thank you. Good-bye.Good-bye.

Good-bye, Mr. Eden! Thank you for a nice party. Itsbeen a p leasure.

The pleasure was all mine. Thank you for coming.H ope y oull come to see us som e time.Thank you. I will.

Well, Mr. Taylor, thank you for all youve told me.I w on t take up any m ore of your time.

You re alw ays welcome, Mr. Gold.

II . Compose short dialogues

Good-bye.

I must be going.I must be off.Ive go t th ings to do.Ive got an appointment.Ive got a call to make.

making use of the table.

Good-bye.

Keep well.Keep in touch.See you later.See you soon.See you tomorrow.Hope we meet again.Hope to see you soon.When shall I see you

again?

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Come on! L ets ge t goin g.

II I. (a) Combine the sentences w ith one of those given inbrackets.

(b) Compose short dialogues begin ning with the key statements.

Pattern dialogue:

Thank you for a nice party. Its been a pleasure.The pleasure was all ours.Hope youll come to see us some time.Yes. Tha nk you.

1. I must be running. (Ive got things to do. Ive got anappointment. Ive got a call to make. Ive got heaps ofwork. Ive got to pack things. See you soon.)

2. I must be going. (See you later. Hope to see you soon.Hope youll come to see us some time. When shall I seeyou again?)

3. Good-bye. (See you on Saturday. Its been nice meetingyou. Keep in touch. Keep well. Hope we meet again. Ill

be m issing you. My best regards to everybody a t home.)4. Thank you for a nice par ty. (I ts been a pleasure . It sbeen nice seeing you. Hope to see you soon. Hope youcome to see us some time.)

IV . Supply the m iss ing remarks.

1. Thank you for a n ice par ty . . . . 2. . . . . Its been a ple asu re. Tha nk you for com ing. . . ..3. . . . . Keep in touch. 4. . . . . Good-bye. Keep

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well. 5. I wont take up any more of your t ime. . . . .6. . . . . When shall I see you ag ain ? 7. I 've gotth in gs to. do. ... . 8. Good-bye. My best r egard s toyour wife. Thank you. . . . .

10. AGREEMENT , CONFIRMATIO N, CONSE NT, CERTAINTY,

PROBABILITY

Yes, he did (was, will,etc.).

He isnt here.No, he isnt.

Of cours e he did (was,

will, etc.).He certainly did (was,will, etc.).

Yes, ce rtain ly.Yes, of course. JIm sur e she w as (will,

e tc . ) .So he did (she does, they

will, etc.).

, ( , . .).

. , .

, ( , . .).

, .

- , ( . .).

- , , . ( . .).

Note: This formula of confirmation also expresses su rprise .

Naturally,

Exactly.Precisely (so).Quite so.

Right you are.T ha ts right.

I (quite) agree with you

I quite agree with youhere.

That goes without saying.

Theres no denying it.

.

.

. , .

( ) .

() .

.

.( .)

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, . ( , .)

, . . , . (

.)

.

! !( , -

) - (

) . ( - , , .)

.. . - .

E X E R C I S E S

1. Express agreement or confirm the statements ,

Model A: He isnt here (hasnt come; wont do it, etc.).No, he isnt (ha sn t; wont, etc.).

1. He doesnt like taking chances. 2. She cant do anything about it. 3. Its no use closing ones eyes to facts.4. Theres no doubt about it. 5. We havent seen much ofhim lately. 6. He wont be back till after dinner. 7. One

cant be good at everything. 8. He isnt to be taken in soeasily. 9. She hasnt been quite herself these days.

Model B: H es here (h as come; etc.).Yes, he is (has; etc.).He isnt here (hasnt come; etc.).

No, he isnt (hasnt; e tc .) .

1. He s been very helpful. 2. Shes not ge tt in g bette r,Im afraid. 3. It was a pleasure. 4. Weve met before. 5. She

I think so.I believe so.I suppose so.1 should say so.

Im afraid so.Looks like that.It looks like him.

Most likely.Most probably.* Hear! Hear! ( .)

In a way (he is).

To a certain extent...As you say.

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has no sense of humour. 6. The train will be in before long.7. There s no reaso n w hy I cann ot tell her the truth. 8. He.didnt even give it a thought, Im sure. 9. She never gaveit a second thought. 10. Weve got to find out before its

too late. 11. He may be right, after all. 12. We might justas well leave it at that. 13. That wasnt the right thingto do.

11. Translate into Englis h.

Model: He doe snt know. Dutch.

, . No, he doesnt. Wrong: Yes, he doesnt.

1. . , . 2. . , . 3. , ? , . 4. , ? , .

I I I . Express agreement or confirmation mixed with sur -pr ise.

Model: Hes here (has come, etc.).So he is (has, etc.).

1. Today is my birthday. 2. We are going to the Mansons today, didnt I tell you? 3. You promised to fix theTV set, dont you remember? 4. The conference will startat seven. 5. Why have you invited the Walkers? Motherhates them. 6. James managed it, after all.

IV. Express agreement using one of the following:

Quite so. I (quite) agr ee with you (here).

Rig ht you are. There s no deny ing it.T h at s right. That goes witho ut sayin g.

1. Hell be non e the wo rse for it. 2. I ha rd ly th inkshell pull through. 3. She behaved very oddly. 4. Its allfor the best. 5. One gets over things in time, you know.6. This does not in the least justify his behaviour. 7. Beggars cant be choosers. 8. The worst of it is that he cantdo any thin g about it. 9. I need ha rdly say tha t this isstrictly between us.

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II. DISAGREE MENT, DENIAL, IMPROBABILITY, DOUBT,

DISBELIEF

You dont agree with me.

Yes, I do.But I do.You like them.No, I do nt.But I dont.Of course he didnt(wasnt, wont, etc.).Of course not.He certainly didnt(wasnt, wont, etc.).

Certainly not.I do nt ag ree with you

(here ) .I do nt quite agr ee with

you.I dont agree with you at

all.On the contrary!Not a t al l.

* Nothing of the kind.Far from it.

Im afraid not.Im afraid youre wrong

(here ) .I dont believe it (a word

he says).

I shouldnt say so.I dont think so.

I dont think he was (did,etc.).

I hardly think he was (did,etc. ) .

Hardly.Most unlikely.

.

, . , . . , . , .

, .

() .

.

.

! . (

. .)

. . (

.) , . , ()

. . (

.) .

, . ( , .)

, ( . .).

( . .) .

. .

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I doubt it.

Im not sure (of it).

Im not certain (of it).

Im not sure he is (she

has, etc.).

Im not certain he is

(she has, etc.).

One never can tell.

One never knows.

(Its) hard to believe.

Its unlike him.

Not likely.

(Its) hard to say.

( ).

( ) .

, ...

( ... . .).

.

( ) .

- .

.

.

I dont believe it.

E X E R C I S E S

I . D isagree with the statements. Correct and develop them.

Models : The Japanese live in Belgium, dont they?No, they dont. The Japanese live in Japan.

Youve never been to London, have you?

Yes, I have. I vis ited London severa l times.

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1. The Dutch speak Danish. 2. Cairo is in Scotland.3. It isnt very cold in Iceland. 4. You cant read Russian.5. You never apologize when youre to blame. 6. Japaneseisnt hard to master. 7. Sweden borders on Switzerland.8. Your sister has left for Edinbourgh. 9. He wont go toNorway. 10. The Danes speak Dutch.

II . Translate into English.

Model: . does nt know Danis h .

, . Yes, he does.Wrong: No, he does.

1. . , . 2. . , .

3. , . , . 4. . , . 5. - . , .

II I. Translate in to English.

1. , ? , .2. , ? , .3. . , . 4. , ? , . 5. ? , . 6.

. , . 7. . , .

IV. A. R e a d to the following using I dont think he did(was, will, etc.). Give your reasons.

Model: H as he ever been to Bi rma ? I dont think he has. He wo uld ve told me.

1. Did W al te r enjoy his sta y in O tta wa? 2. Will youstudy Turkish? 3. Has Oscar returned from Norway yet?4. Does he find Hungarian easy? 5. Has Oliver ever been

to Switzerland? 6. Is Washington bigger than New York?7. Will they fly over the Irish Sea?

B. T r a n s la te the fo llowing sentences beginning them with I dont think....

1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , .

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V. Express doubt, disbelief or improbability and say whatmakes you th ink so. Use the following:

I dou bt it. One never can tell.Im not sur e of it. It s unlik e him (h e r) .

It s ha rd to believe. Not likely.

Model: She may be given the main part.I doubt it. She is hardly the type.

1. I think George will be given a rise. 2. The closingtime is seven oclock, isnt it? 3. Mary didnt say a word.4. Ann may refuse the job. 5. Jane is arriving Saturdaymorning. 6. She may be given the main part in the newplay. 7. The resolution may be voted down. 8. It was allframed up. 9. They will be happy.

VI. Express your disagreem ent and gi ve your reasons. Usethe following:

I don t agre e with you. On the contrary...Not at all . Im afraid not.

1. The more we study, the less we know. 2. Youre tired.3. Weve got plenty of time. 4. Critics are men who failedin literature and art. 5. Were on the right track. 6. Youhate detective stories.

12. IGNORANCE, LACK OF CERTAINTY

I do nt know. I can t (cou ldn t) say. Sor ry (I'm afra id) I don t

know.Im afr aid I c a n t say.

I wouldnt know. __How would I know?Not that I know (of). No idea! _* Search me! ( .)* Ask me an ot he r. ( .)

. . , .

,

( ) . ?

, .

.

. ( - .)

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* I havent got the slightest idea.

I dont k now the first

thing about i t .I wish I knew.If I rem em ber rightly...

If Im not mistaken...As far as I know...

He . ( .)

. , ,

... ... ...

I m afraid I don t know.

E X E R C I S E S

I. Confess tha t you are ignoran t. Use th e fo llow ing:

I do nt know. No idea!Im af rai d I can t say. I wish I knew.

1. When was Byron born? 2. Where is Galsworthy bur

ied? 3. H ow m any borou ghs are there in New York?4. When did George Washington become president of theUSA? 5. Who directed the film Lady Hamilton? 6. Bywhat studio was the film Witness for the Prosecutionreleased? 7. Why are English policemen called bobbies?8. Do they have tickets on the New York subway?

I I . E xp re ss ig n oran ce a n sw e r in g th e q ues tions in fu ll. B e g in yo u r a n sw ers w i th "I d o n t k n o w where.. ., who...",etc . (Mind the word order .) Make your supposi t ions .

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M odel: Where will they ch an ge ? I don t know where they will change. P rob ab

ly at Marble Arch.

1. Who will get the Best Actor Award? 2. Where will

they cha nge? 3. When will the staff meetin g be held?

4. When was the film released? 5. How did it come about?

6. When is the train due? 7. Is there a short cut to Oxford

Street? 8. Is this a through train? 9. Which way does the

room face?

III. Express uncertainty and say where one can find some

information on the question.

Model: What is the Tate Gallery ?

As far as I know (If Im not mistaken... If Iremember rightly) its one of t h e big ge st art

galleries in London. For details look up some

guide to London museums and art galleries.

1. When is the presidential election in the USA held?

2. Who plays the leading role in the film To Kill a Mo ck

ing B ird ? 3. What is the symbol of the US Republican

Party? 4. What is the bigg est art gall ery in Lon don ?

5. What does the abbreviation I. Q. stand for? 6. What

is an eleven-plus examination?

13. SURPRISE AND UNEXPECTEDNESS

Is he? (Has she? Do

they? etc.)

Isn t he? (Has n t she?

Dont they? etc.)

Really?Is he really...? (Does she

really...? etc.)Do you really mean it?

Is that really so?

Well, it is a surprise!

You dont say so! ( .)

* It isnt a likely story!

? ( ? ?)

? ( ?)

( )

...?

?

? (

?)

!

! (

! !)

!

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How come? ( .)

W hat a coincidence!It s un like him.

*The world we live in!*Whats the world com

ing to!

* Oh, dear! (D ea r me!)( . )

Believe it or not...

Ju st fancy... ( . )C an you bea t it? ( . )

* Th at be ats everything!( . )

* W hat do y ou know?( . , .)

Its news to me.Whod have expected that!

? ( ?)

! .

! ( )!

! ( ! ?)

, ...

!

- ? , ! ! ( ! !)

?

!

!

Can you beat i t?

E X E R C I S E S

/. E xp re ss yo ur surpri se.

Model: H e ha s left. She isnt in.Has he? Isn t she?

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1. I said it for fun. 2. Im behind with things at the office. 3. Doctor Green is no longer practising. Hes retired.4. He went on the trip for his health. 5. The criminal wastracked down. 6. There is a mistake in the addition. 7. The

steak is underdone. 8. Hell soon be back home. 9. She didnot turn up for work today.

II. Express your surprise at what happened starting thesentences with Believe it or not..., Just fancy... orby adding Can you beat it?. Give a possible reaction.

Model: Believe it or not, hes been appointed m an ager.

Whod have expected that!

1. Helen will sing on TV tomorrow. 2. James has beengiven a rise. 3. Donald got away with it. 4. The Andersonshave moved house. 5. The teams drew. 6. The score waseight to nil. 7. He mad e the gra de and was admitted.8, Roberts been expelled. 9. She gave birth to twins. 10. Noone told me anything about it until just now.

III. Show that you are surprised and say why. Use thefollowing:

Really? W ha t a coincidence!

You do nt say so! It s news to me!It s unlike him (h e r) . W hod have expected that!

I. Donald has won the race. 2. The game ended in adraw. 3. John lost his temper and said things he will laterregre t. 4. W ell put up at this hotel. 5. We are hav ingthe Robertsons in to dinner. 6. She started bickering overdetails. 7. It was all framed up. 8. He was not really ill,he was sha mm ing . 9. He d idn t qualify for the job.10. I happened to be there at the same time. 11. He turnedout a good pianist. 12. He wa s appo inted hea dm ast er.13. He got killed in an accident.

14. ASKING FOR PERM ISSION AND INSTRUCTION S, GIVING

PERMISSION

May I...? (Sometimes also . . . ? ( Can I...?) ... . ..? )

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Do you mind my doingit?

Do you mind if I do it?

You dont mind, do you?

Shall I do it?What shall I do?

Allow me...May I come in?Ma y (can) I ask you a

question?May I use your phone?

May I be excused?

May I stay away?

May I see you home?

May I go with you part ofthe way?

Do you mind my smoking?

Do you mind my beingpresent?

Do you mind if I stay(leave)?

, ?

,

? ( ?) ? (

)? . . . ?

? (

)?

( , )?

( )?

?

?

, ?

, ?

, ()?

Replies

Certainly (not)!Of course ( n ot )!

I dont mind (it).No, I dont.Ill be delighted.Not at all .Please do.Please dont.

I do mind it.

( )!

, .

. . ( .) . , .

( .) , .

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You may be excused.

You neednt.

You shouldnt.

You mustnt.

By no means.By all means.

. ( .)

( ).

( ).

.

. .

E X E R C I S E S

I. M e m o r iz e the d ia logues :

Do you mind m y turn ing on the radio?Not at all.

Do you mind if I leave?I certainly do. Ple ase sta y.

Ill keep you company. You dont mind, do you?Ill be delighted.

What shall I do?Speak to the manager, I suppose.

The door wont open.Allow me . ..

I I. Give so m eo n e perm is s ion to do (or no t to do) the fo l -

lowing:

to smoke; not to be present at a function; not to attenda lecture; to use the phone; to keep the book for anotherweek; to come in

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III . Grant or refuse permission. Give your reasons.

1. Do you mi nd my sm oki ng here? 2. Do you mind mypu tt ing up the window? 3. Do you mind my asking Janein to dinner? 4. Do you mind my being present? 5. Do you

mind my calling you Bob? 6. Do you mind my turning onthe radio? 7. Do you mind our leaving tomorrow?

IV. Using the verb m a y ask for perm iss ion to do thefollowing:

to use smb.s phone; to be excused; to see smb. home;to go with smb. part of the way; to do smth. some othertime; to stay away; to ask smb. a question

V. Ask for instructions using the verb shall. React to

th e questions s a y in g P lea se d o n t, You neednt orYou shouldnt and give your reasons.

Model: Explain it again.

"Shall I explain i t ag ain ?No, you nee dnt. Ever yth ing is clear.

put the car in gear; have the photograph enlarged; letdown the pane; clear the table; send a telegram; type theapplication; fill up the car; put away the papers

VI. Answer the questions using a remark from the right-hand colu mn.

Do you mind my callingyou Jack?

Shall I leave the keyswith your neighbours?

May I see you home?May I use your phone?Shall I come tomorrow?Shall I put on another re

cord?Shall I clear the table?Do you mind my leaving?Shall I fix you a drink?Shall I see you home?

Please do.By all means.

Not a t all.You neednt.Please dont.Ill be delighted.

15. REQUESTS

Will you ( pl ea se ) . . .?will you?

, ...

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Could you . . . ?

Would you mind wa iting a little (cal lingagain, etc.) ?

Will you be so kind asto wa it a little (callag ain, etc.) ? j

1 ha te to both er you, butcould y o u ... ?

Could you do me a favour ?

Could you help me withthe translat ion (my luggage, etc.) ?

Could you spare me a moment?

May I have a word withyou?

Could you bre ak a ten dollar bill (a five poundnote, etc.)?

Could you see me home?

Will you p ut in a w ordfor me?

Will you keep a seat forme?

Will you please makeroom (forme)?

Will you move over abi t?

Will you remind me to do

it? (Will you remind meof it?)

Hold it a moment, willyou?

Will y ou put me on thewaiting list?

. . . ?

,

( , . .).

, . . . ?

?

( . .)?

?

?

( . .)?

, , .

, .

?

, .

, ,

. ( , , .)

, .( - )

, , . ( , -

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Call me up at the office(at home), will you?

Could you show me round?

Hold the line, please.Dont hang up, please.Will you give me your

phone number (address), please?

(Give me) Information,please.

* Come on, be a sport!( .)

Replies

.)

, , ( ).

?

, .

, , ().

, . ( )

, , ( ).

Certainly.Of course.With pleasure.Most willingly.All right.

. . ( .)I will.Im afraid I cant.Sorry I cant.I wish I could.

.

.

.

. ( .)

, .

Could anyone g ive me a pen? I ve go t to enter i t in the tog book

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E X E R C I S E S

I. Construct sentences making use of the table.

step aside?say it again?let us know?see to it that everything is done in

time?hold the bag for a moment?keep a seat for me?move over a bit?help me with the lugg age?turn off the radio?

close the door?pass it over to . . . ?lend me a dollar?

II . Change the orders into polite requests.

Model: Answer the telephone.

(a) Will you answ er the telephone, please?(b) An sw er the telephone, will you?

1. Pick me up at the office. 2. Sho w me round. 3. Fixit right away. 4. Drop me at Trafalgar Square. 5. Clear thetable. 6. Wash up. 7. Air the bed. 8. Do the rooms. 9. Runthe bath. 10. Develop the pictures. 11. Buy some slides.12. Put on the kettle. 13. Water the flowers. 14. Show meto my room. 15. Hold the line.

III. A sk someone to do things for you and let him (her)reply. Start with:

I hate to bother you, but could you .. .?

Could you do me a favour?Could you help me with . . .?

The things you wa nt someone to do:

give you a lift; put in a word for you; see you home;keep a seat for you; remind you to call up Jane; call youup at the office; show you round; do the translation; fixthe radio set

IV . Ask someone to do things for you. Compose dialogues.

Will youWill you pleaseCould you

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Pattern dialogue: Could you do me a favour?

You may ask someone to do the following for you: tolet you know when an event takes place; to let you knowwhen somebody does something; to give somebody a messa ge from you; to find out thi ngs for you;to get thin gs for you; to spa re you a thingfor a certain time; to lend you some money; to help youwith something; to check some information; to read some

thing and give you an opinion; to call in a TV man; tofix the TV set.

V. React to the follow ing requ ests using:

Certainly! Her e you are.Of course! All rig ht (I will ).Most willingly.

Sa y w hy you want things done for you.

1. Could you do me a favour? 2. Could you spare me a

moment? 3. Will you put our nam es on the list? 4. Will youstrike out my name (from the list)? 5. May I have a wordwith you? 6. Will you give me a word of advice? 7. Willyou please have the prescription filled? 8. Will you pleaseapologize t o . . . for me? 9. Will you please call an am bu lance? 10. Will you please pass me the reference book?11. Could you give me a form to fill in? 12. Could you keepa seat for me? 13. Give me the telephone directory, willyou? 14. Let me have a look at the journal. Where is it?15. Will you give me a lift to the station? 16. Will you set

me down at the corn er? 17. Will you call me at six?18. Will you let me know when Edward shows up?

Yes, certainly.Call up Information and find out

when the 5.30 from Glasgow gets

in?All right.Thank you.

16. OFFERS, OFFERING ONES SERVICES

May I help you?Let me help you.Allow me...

? . . .. (

. .)

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Need any help? ( . )What can I do for you?

(Is there) anything Ican do for you?

Could I help you in anyway?

Is there anything youwant?

Let me do it.

Leave it to me.

Shall I do it?

Shall I help you to do it?

Shall I give you a lift?Want (have) a cigarette?

( .)Am I in your way?

After you.

?

? ( ?

?)

- ? ( - ?)

- ?

.

.( .)

, ?( ?)

. ( ?)

? ? (

?) ? (

, . .)

, . ( - )

Replies

Yes, will you..., please?

Could you...?Do, please.

Ill be very thankful to you.

It would be very kind ofyou.

, , ...

...? (

).

.

.

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That would be fine.Ill be much obliged.

No, thank you.

Please dont.

D on t bother, I ll m an ag e(it).

Dont bother. Its quite allright.

. ( )

. , .

, ( ).

, ( ).

, .

Can I help you?

E X E R C I S E S

I. M em o r ize the d ia logues:

May I help you?It would be very kind of you, thank you.

Allow me..."D ont bother, I ll ma na ge it, than k you.

Let me help you. Ill be much obl iged.

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Need any help?Not at the moment, tha nk you.

What can I do for you?P ut me on the wait ing list, please.

Is there anything you wa nt? Yes, may I use your phone?

Let me do it. It would be very kind of you.

Shall I help you?No, thank you.

Shall I give you a lift? Ill be very th ank ful to you.

Shall I wait for you?Yes, please.

Shall I close the window?Please, dont.

Shall I open the door?Do, please.

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II. What would you say offerin g your services? Supply the

missing remarks.

1. The tape recorder w on t work. .... 2. I ca n t

move the cupboard. Its too heavy. . . . . 3. The very

thought of seeing the man makes me sick, but I must give

him this parcel. . . . . 4. The place is a lon g wa y off.

... . 5. I don t kn ow the first thing about it. ... .

III. What would you say when offered something? React

to the following:

1. Shall I give you a lift? 2. Want a cigarette? 3. Am

I in your way? 4. Could I help you in any way? 5. May I

help you? 6. Shall I unpack for you? 7. Allow me... 8. Need

any help? 9. What can I do for you? 10. Is there anythingyou want d one? 11. Leave it to me.

17. INSTRUCTIONS, ORDERS, ADVICE

Youd better (not)...

You neednt...

You should (shouldnt) .. .

Why dont you...?

Be sure you do it.

Have somebody do it.

Let somebody do it.

Have it done.

Get it done.

See to it that it is done.

Tell him to do it.

If I were you...

May I give you a word of

advice?

Itll do you good.

Its goo d (bad ) for you.

Let me know.

( )...

. ( )...

( ) ...

...?

.

-

.

,

.

.

...

?

( ) .

(

) .

. (

.)

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Leave a message (for

him) with...

Keep quiet.

Put it away.

Put it aside.

Out with it ( .)Speak out. ( .)

Go on.

Carry on!

Stop it!

* Cut it out! ( .)Dont say a word to any

one.

Dont forget.

Leave him alone.

Let th ings take their

course.

Dont miss the chance.

Make sure that...

( )

... (

...)

. ( .)

. .

, !

!

!

.

( ).

.

.

.

... (

...)

Replies

A ll right.

* . . ( . )I will. (I wont.)

Yes, certa in ly .

Very well.

Very good.

Yes, indeed.

.

. .

(

.)

, .

.

, .

E X E R C I S E S

I. Give advice and orders.

Model 1. Do it.

You d better do it.

Model 2: Do it.Have it done.

Have him (her, etc.) do it.

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M odel 3: Do it.Tell him to do it.

1. Fix the radio set. 2. Develop the pictures. 3. Mendthe tyre. 4. Ch arg e the battery. 5. Sho rten the sleeves.

6. Clean the coat. 7. Repair the watch. 8. Dust the furniture. 9. Do the washing. 10. Repair the car. 11. Air theroom. 12. Beat the rug.

II . Change the sentences.

Model: You ga ve in so quickly.

If I w ere you I wo uld n't have given in soquickly.

1. You believed his words. 2. You didnt make up the

quarrel. 3. You fell for it. 4. You didnt speak in the debate.5. You p ut up wi th it. 6. You did nt keep your prom ise . 7. Youdidnt apologize to her. 8.You didnt leave a message withthe secretary. 9. You didnt let things take their course.10. You didnt leave him alone. 11. You missed the chance.12. You didnt let him know.

III. A sk so m eb o d y to m ake sure that so m eth in g has beendone.

Model: Sign the paper.

Make sure that the paper has been signed.

lock the door; turn off the light; fill up the car; putdown the window; put up the window; plug out the iron;include smb.s name in the list

IV. Finish the sentences.

1. I left a message for him, so you neednt... 2. I madea reservation. You neednt... 3. I proofread the article. Youneednt... 4. The m an ag er app rov ed the projec t. You

neednt... 5. He has got a car. You neednt...V. A dv ise your friend (n ot) to do something. Use the verb

should. Finish by adding one of the following:

I tll do you good . I t s good for you.It ll do you no ha rm . It s bad for you.

Use the phrases: take long walks; have more exorcise;go to bed earlier; take things easy; try the treatment; try

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the medicine; drop smoking; indulge in skating; dwell on

the thing.

VI. Starting with May I giv e you a word of advice? ad-

vise your friend:

to keep quiet; not to say a word to anyone; to leave Do

nald alone; to let things take their course; not to miss

the chance.

18. ENCOURAGEMENT, COMFORT, SYMPATHY, REGRET

He !

1. . 2.

! He .

, , .

Cheer up!

Go ahead!

D ont worry!

Come, come.

There, there.

Well, well.

Reminder: As word s o f encouragem ent Come, com e,

There, there and W ell, w ell are pronoun ced with

the falling tone.

Pull yourself together.

Take it easy.* D on t take it (very

much) to heart.

Dont get upset (about it).

Lets hope for the best.

Everything will be all

right.

* Eve rything w ill com eround.

Things happen.

* Next time lucky.

:I! Better luck n ext time!

Im so sorry (for you).

I sympathize with you.

You have my sympathy.

* I feel for you. ( .)

.

.

( -

).

.

.

.

( ).

.

.

.

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Give her my sympathies.

Accept my condolences.( .)

Youre telling me! ( .)

.

.

-, - . ( - . , .)

It couldve been worse.

I appreciate your difficulties.

Forget it.

It cant be helped.

It could have been worse.

There is nothing you can

do about it.

You havent got my worries. ( .)

Let it be the least of yourworries. ( .)

, , .

. ( .)

.

.

. ( .)

. ( !)

- . ( .)

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(I t s a) sm all loss.( .)

(Its) no great loss.( .)

Too bad!

What a pity!*What a shame!Its a (great) pity.

.

1. . 2. .

! ( !)

( ) .

E X E R C I S E S

I. In en c o u ra g in g a n d co m fo r ting so m eone use the fo l lo w -

ing:

1. Ill never get over it. 2. Things are going from badto worse with me. 3. I'm ill at ease. 4. We wont manage it.5. The trouble is th at I spoilt ev ery thi ng myself. 6. Imcom plete ly run down. 7. Ive got to do every thing all overagain, Its most disillusioning. 8. Things look bad to me.

9. The thing is Ive brought it on myself.

Come, come. Eve ryth ingwill be all right.

Pull yourself together.Cheer up!

Dont get upset about it.Things happen.D on t worry.

Pull yourse l f together .

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II. Comfort and encourage someone who is worrying aboutthings that may happen. Say why there is no cause forworry. Use the following:

Everything will be all right.

Lets hope for the best.Dont worry, youll manage it.

1. Im so worried about Harold. The operation is totake place tomorrow. 2. I dont feel well about the wholething. They may let us down. 3. Ive got a feeling that itwont work out. 4. Im in for it. 5. Its quite a job. 6. Imskeptical about it. 7. Thatll take some doing. 8. I wontbe able to do it. 9. We may not cope with it.

III. Express your sym pathy and apprecia tion. Us e the re-

marks from the righthand column.I find it so difficult to

work in these conditions.We ve got to wait anoth er

month till it s allsettled.

Neighbours can be such anuisance!

Jane says her new boss ishard to deal with.

I m (so) s or ry (for you ).I sympa thiz e with you.Give her my sympathies.

Youre telling me!I appreciate your difficul

ties.Take it easy.

IV. You consider the thing someone tells you is not worthworrying about. Express it by using the following:

You havent got my worries.Let it be the least of your worries.(Its a) small loss.1. I dont think Ill get tickets for the first night. What

a pity! 2. You know Mr. Walker doesnt work with us anylonger. 3. I agree to pay for the thing but how will it be

delivered? 4. Harold refused to join us.

V. Ex pre ss you r regret. Use the follow ing:

Too bad!W ha t a pity!Its a great pity!

1. Our team has lost. 2. Donald failed in his chemistryexam. 3. Jane wont come. 4. Weve missed the 6 :30 train.

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We ll have to wait for more than an hour for the next

train. 5. He didnt get a prize. 6. She took third place only.

VI. Tell som eone not to regret things that cannot bechanged by saying:

It cant be helped.There is nothing you can do about it (now).

Forget it.

1. If I had taken a cab, I might have made it. 2. The

evidence is against him and he will be tried. 3. Why havent

I insisted on his giving up the job? 4. He was so rude.

How did he dare to say such things to me? 5. Oh bother!

I seem to have left my notes at home. 6. Ive misin formed

him. The figures I gave him are all wr on g. 7. I wish

I hadnt given him the paper. I should have known better

than that. 8. I wish I had warned him.

19. WORRY, ANXIETY, TROUBLE, UNEASINESS, MISGIVINGS

Im worried.

Im (very much) upset.

Things are bad with me.

Things are going from

bad to worse (with me).Im in a fix. ( . )

The trouble is that...

Thats the trouble.

Ill never get over it.

I dont feel well.

I feel bad.Im (completely) run

do w n. ( .)I feel (very) uneasy.

Im (I feel) ill at ease.

Ive go t a fee lin g that...

.

( ) .

.

( )

.

.

, ...

.

. (

. )

.

( ).

.

(

) .

( .)

,

...

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We w on t m anage it.

.

We wont make it. ( .) ( ).

Im in for it. ( .) .( .)

Its quite a job. ( . ) .That ll take som e doing. . (

.)

( For possible replies see the previous section.)

I feel very uneasy.

E X E R C I S E S

I. Express your sympathy and encourage the one who iscomplaining.

1. Im very much upset. 2. Im in a fix. 3. I dont feel

well. 4. Ive got a feeling that it will be a complete failure.

5. Its quite a job . I hardly think I ll be a ble to do it. 6. I

havent heard from George since March. Im so worried.

7. Things are going from bad to worse. 8. I feel ill at ease.

9. I' ll never get over it.

II. Complain to your friend about what is worrying you.Begin your sentences with The trouble is that... or finish them with That s the trouble . Have somebodyencourage you.

Words and phrases you may need: difficult to deal

with; hard to please; stick labels on people; be unsociable;

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have a quick temper; be a dawdler; be a shirker; be picking

on smb.; like to boss around; jump to conc lus ions and

make hasty decisions; be loud and contradictory; find fault

with everybody; be given to moods; break down; be run

down; be very touchy.

20. COMPLIMENTS, PRAISE, SATISFACTION. APPROVAL,

APPRECIATION

You look wonderful (fi

ne, smart) today.

You lo ok your best (to

day) .

It does you credit.

Youve surpassed yourself .You put it very nicely .

It wa s kind of yo u to do it.

It speaks for itself.

It speaks for him.

Its commendable.

Youve made a good job ofit.

Its very considerate of

you.

.

.

.

( ) .

,

.

.

.

.

.

. (

.)

Good idea!

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Nothinglikeit!

Its the very thing to do!

(Its a) good idea!So much the better.Good! (Fine!)Good girl! ( .)Good boy! ( . )

Good for you! ( . )

Wonderful!Its fair play.Its fair (enough).Thats the way! ( . )

Thats the spirit! ( . )

Now you are talking!( . )

Thatll do.Keep it up.

A point to you. ( . )* Score! ( . )

You said it! ( . )

Well put! ( . )To do him justice...

.

! !

! . !

!

1. ! ( !)2. .

! (

) .

, . ( . !)

! ( !)

.

. ( .)

. ( !)

! ( !)

! ( !)

!

...

Replies

1 mu st sa y the sam e ofyou.

Youre flattering me.It s very nice of you to

say so.

.

.

, .

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Im glad you like(d ) it.

I appreciate your concern

for me. ( .)

, ( ).

,

.

Thats the spirit .

E X E R C I S E S

I . Mem orize the dialogues:

You look fine today .

Thank you. I must say the sam e of you. You do look

your best.

You look smart.

Oh, do I? Thank you. Youre flattering me.

You acted won derfully! Y ouve really surpassed you r

sel f .

Thank you. Im glad you liked it.

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Ive read y our review and I mu st sa y it s most in teresting.

Oh, thank you. Its very nice of you to say so.Well. I mean it. Youve made a very good job of it.

To do him justice, he didn't spare himself.Yes, we must say t ha t for him.

II . React to the s tatements given below using one of thefollowing:

A. It does him credit. Good for him.It speaks for him. It s ver y kind of you toWe mu st say tha t for say so.him. I mu st say the sam e of you.Its commendable.

1. He never goes back on his word. 2. Hell never failyou. Not him. 3. Im sure he wont back out of it once hes

committed himself. 4. Hes not the kind to forget his promises. 5. You can consult him on any subject. He is a treasure-house of information. 6. Hes got brains and charmingmanners too. 7. Hes not a fool, whatever else he is. 8. Hesalways as good as his word.

B. Now yo ure talkin g! (A) good idea!It s the very th ing to Good!do! Fine!

T ha ts the spirit! Wonderful!

1. Le ts put our hea ds togethe r. 2. Were go ing to fightit out. 3. Ill have my way just the same. 4. Suppose we

join our efforts. 5. Well, once youre so insistent I give in.6. I give you a free hand. 7. Ill tell him what I think ofhim right then and there. 8. Id like to hear what hes gotto say. 9. I wou ld ra ther have no th ing to do with thecrowd. 10. Im going to look them up. 11. Ill hear him outfirst.

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III. In reacting to the sentences choose your answers from those given in brackets.

1. Hes the kind of man you can always rely on. (Itdoes him credit. It speaks for him. Its commendable. Itsvery kind of you to say so. Good for him, I must say thesame of you. Yes, I must say that for him.)

2. Dont you worry. Ill handle the whole thing myself. (Good! Fine! Good girl (boy)! Its very considerate of you.So much the better . A good idea! Now youre talk ing .Thats the spirit! Wonderful! Its the very thing to do. Itllbe kind of you!)

3. Suppose we invite the Johnsons some day nextweek. (Wonderful! Good idea! Good!)

4.You know I did manage the whole thing after all.

(It does you credit. Youve really surpassed yourself thistime. Yes, youve made a good job of it. Its commendable.)

5. He knows how to deal with people. (You said it.Yes, to do him justice he does. Yes, we must say that forhim.)

6. I ts been a pleasure to work with you. (I must saythe same of you. Youre flattering me. Its very nice of youto say so.)

IV. Express your appreciation and admiration if som e-

body...

looks fine; ha s a nice d ress on; did som eth ing verywell; did something good; said something nice; did somethi ng for you; has acted wisely; did som ethin g betterthan usual; suggests something you like.

21. DISAPPROVAL, DISSATISFACTION. LACK OF SYMPATHY

You dont look your best(today).

It doesnt do you credit.It doesnt do...That wont do. ( .)It isnt the proper thing to

say ( to do) .You should know better.You should have known

be tter.

() .

. .. . . ()

. .

.

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Thats the last thing Id do.

Its no fun!Its unfair.Its foul play.

Its out of place.This is hardly the time todo it.

Youve chosen the wro ngmoment to say that.

Its most disappointing!

Its most discouraging!

The way you put it!

Youve made a mess of it.( . ) .

Shame on you!You ought to be

ashamed.

How can (could) you?So much the worse.

It isnt up to the mark. Its below the standard.

Its beneath criticism.

It leaves much to be desired.Words fail me.

The things you say (do)!

Its a waste of time.I t isnt worth while.Its wishful thinking!

.( .)

!

( )? .

( , ) .

.

. ( )

. . . ( ...)

().

. . .

. . ( .)

.

! ( !)

!

! ( !)

!( !)

.

! ( .)

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W ha ts the use of doingit?

Ther e is no sens e in

doing it.Its no use doing it.

He deserves better.

(Its) no great loss (tome). ( .)

You are to blame.Its your fault.You asked for it. ( .)

It serves you right. ( .)

?

.

.

!

.

. (

.) ! (

!)

E X E R C I S E S

I. R ea c t to the s ta te m e n ts g iv e n below u s in g one of thefo l low in g:

You should kno w better. How can you?You should ha ve kno wn How could you?

better. You ought to be ashamed.Sha me on you!

1. Im afraid Ive made a mess of it. 2. I had it outwith him. 3. Again I cant find the letter. I always mislaythings. 4. Im afraid Ive made a false step. How stupidof me! 5. I cant help being rude to the man. The very sightof him makes me mad. 6. Youve blurted out everything.

I I . R e a ct to the s ta te m e n ts g iv e n below u s ing one of the fo l low in g :

Its a wa ste of time. Th er es no sense in doin gIt isn t worse while. it.I t s no use do ing it. Youve chosen the wr ong

moment.This is hardly the time to

do it.

1. Suppose we have another try at it? 2. Do you mindif I have another try? 3. Could you put in a word for me?4. Youd bet ter ta lk him out of it. 5. Why do nt you do

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something about it? 6. Lets get it done right away. 7. If Iwere you Id have it out with him.

III. Reac t to the s ta t e m e n ts by us in g a remark f ro m those given in bracke ts . Say what made you reac t the way you did.

1. Dont you think the chief seems to be highly dis-pleased with the way I acted? (Its your fault. You are to

blame. It serves you right. So much the worse.)2. What do you think of his last picture? (It isnt up

to the mark. It leaves much to be desired. Its most disappointing. I t s beneath criticism. I ts below the s tandard.)

3. Hes a regu lar rascal if 1 ever saw one. He oughtto be quartered. (The thing s you say! The wa y you put it!

Its unfair.)4. You know hes betrayed me again. (Well, words

fail me... It serves you right. So much the worse. It doesntdo him credit. You asked for it.)

5. You dont seem to like what Ive written. (You madea mess of it. Its unfair. Its out of place. Its wishful thinking. It doesnt do you credit. It wont do.)

6. I dont know the first thing about it. (Too bad, thatwont do. Its most disappointing. Its most discouraging.So much the worse. It serves you right. It doesnt do you

credit.)7. It wasnt wise of her to say so, dont you think?

(Yes, it was out of place. If you ask me, it was unfair. Sheshould ha ve know n better. Wo rds fail me...)

IV. A d d tail questions.

Model: Youre to blam e. It is n t up to the mark.Youre to blame, It is n t up to the mark,

a re n t you? is it?

1. It isn t wo rth while. 2. It s wishfu l th ink ing . 3. Thatwont do. 4. Youve made a mess of it. 5. Its beneath criticism. 6. Its no fun. 7. Theres no sense in doing it. 8. Itsno use doing it. 9. Its a small loss. 10. You asked for it.

V. Change the sentences .

M o d e l : You shouldnt (youd better not, etc.) behavelike that.It doesnt do to behave like that.


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1. You shouldnt say things like that. 2. Youd betternot tell lies. 3. Dont let people down. 4. How can you go

back on your word? 5. D ont mislead people. 6. Youd better not misinform them.

VI. Su pp ly the m iss ing remarks .

I. You dont look your best today. Anything wrong?... . 2. ... . It leaves much to be desi red. 3. H es

the wor st kind of li ar. ... . 4. ... . I ts a waste oftime . 5. .. . . It s hard ly the time to do it. 6. W ha tdo you thin k of the ar ti cl e? ... . 7. Ive spoilt the who lething. ... .

VII. Expre ss your approval or d isapproval .

1. Im going to look into the matter whether they likeit or not. 2. Hes an incurable optimist. 3. I want to knowwhat its all about. 4. A very clever fellow. Hell go farif he gets the chance. 5. Hell stop at nothing if hes reallyset his m ind on it. 6. Im not go ing to tak e chances.Not me.

22. I NDI F F ER ENC E, NEGL IGENCE , HABIT. TAKING THING S EASY.

LACK OF SURPRISE

I d ont ca re (ab ou t it)( . )

I dont care when (where,who, etc.) ( . )

It doesnt matter.It does nt m att er when

(where, who, etc )..Its all the same to me

(when, where, etc.)...

It makes no differenceto me (when, where,etc.) . . .

Wh at difference does itmake?

Who cares! ( . )

Never mind.Ive got used to it.

() .

, (, . .) . . .

. ,

(, . .)...

(, . .) ...

?

!

! ( !) .

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II . Give comple t e a n swers to the quest ions g i v e n be low

using one o f the fo l lowing. Mind the word order .

Model: When is he

coming?I dont carewhen he iscoming.I do nt ca re if...It do es nt mat - when...ter where...I t s all the why...sam e to me who...It makes no dif- how...

ference to me

1. Why isnt he coming with us? 2. Whats happeningto her? She hasnt been quite herself these days. 3. Whydidnt he come? 4. Do you think he ever gave it anotherthought. 5. Whatll happen if they get caught? 6. Who doyou think is coming? 7. What is it the chief wished to seeus about? 8. When shall I call for you? 9. When shall weask them to come over next Su nd ay or a week from S un day? 10. How is he going to get out it? It looks serious

to me.I II . Rea c t to the sentences ch oos ing a reply f ro m those

given in bracke ts . Say why you reac ted the way you did.

1. Its a wonder how he could have done a thing likethat. (No wonder at all. Ive expected it. Its him all over.)

2. Can you beat it? He said it to me in so ma ny words.(Small wonder. Its like him. Ive got used to it. I expectedit. It wa s to be expected.)

3. Its hard to believe he s been a ct ing behind our backsall this time. (Its no news to me. Ive known it all along.Ive got used to it. It was to be expected.)

4. Why dont you take some steps with people aroundyou doing things like that? (Why worry? Ive got used toit. It can wait.)

5. Shall I let them know whats happening here orshall I wait another few days? (Its up to you. Use yourown judgeme nt. It can wait. Why worry?)

6. Sorry, Ive failed to get the figures you asked for.

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(Never mind. It can wait. I ve expected it. No wonde r.)7. Hes ma de a mess of it. (No wonder. It was to be

expected. Ive got used to it. Its him all over.)8. Well, thi s is a surp rise . (Why? Ive expe cted it. I ts

no news to me. Ive got used to it.)IV. React to the sent ences e xp ress in g indi f f erence or lack

of surprise.

1. Can you beat it? 2. Whod have expected that! 3. Thatbeats everything! 4. W ha ts the world coming to! 5. Youdont mind, do you? 6. I wonder what hes after.

V. Change in to reported speech. Beg in wi th "H e to ld m e . . . or H e s ai d . . . .

1. Use your own judg em en t. 2. It s up to you. 3. Iveexpected it. 4. Its no news to me. 5. Ive got used to it.6. Ive known it all along. 7. Its like him.

23. SUGGESTIONS, INVITATIONS, ARRANGEMENTS, SETTLING

THINGS

Lets go to ...Why not go to . . .? ( . )How (what) about going

to .. .?Would you care to. . .?

( . )

Come over (to my place).Come round (to see me).Look me up (a t home, at

the office).Call me up (at home, at

the office).What are you doing on the

5th (tonight, tomorrownight , Saturday morning, etc.)?

Have you got anything todo on the tenth?

Are you engaged?Where do we meet?

( . )

. . . . . . ? ,

...? . . . ?

. . ( ,

). ( ,

).

5- ( , , . .)?

?

? ?

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When do we meet? ( . )What time shall we make

it?Does it suit you?

Will it be all rig ht foryou i f . . . ?

Shall I call for you?Shall I pick you up (at

your office, etc.)?Lets mark the occasion.

?

? ?

, . . . ?

() ? ()

( . .)?

.

Replies

Let us.Lets.(Thats a) good idea!Fine!Id love to.Ill be delighted.I dont mind.I 'm afraid I can 't .

Not me. ( . )I would rather . . .Thank you, I will.Let me see . . .

Nothing specia l. Why?Sorry, Im engaged.Previous engagement.

Ive got things to do.Ive got an appointment.

That suits me perfectly.Thats settled!Lets mak e it six oclock

(Monda y morning, etc.) .

Lets mak e it, say . . ,

.

. !

. . , . . ( .) . . . ( ). . . . (

.) . ? , .

. ( .)

. ()

. . ! ( ! )

( . .)

, , . ..

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Im all for it.Im against it.* Cou nt me out. ( .

. )

No obj ections.

Whats the occasion?

*Thats a bargain! ( . )

You take charge!

. .

. (

.) . .

? ( ?)

! ( ! ! !)

. ( .)

E X E R C I S E S

I. Compose short d ia logue s us ing the table .

What are you doing tomorrow afternoon?

Have you got anything todo Saturday night?

Are you eng ag ed on the7th?

Ive got an appointment.Ive got things to do.

Nothing special. Why?Sorry, I m eng age d.

II. M ak e a su g g e s t io n to your f r iend u s in g the tabl e. Lethim react.

LetsWhy notWould you care to

go to the pictures.go out of town.dine out tonight.stay in.

have an outing.have a party.go shoo tin g.go sightseeing.

II I . Paraphrase the sen tences u s in g H o w a b o u t . . . ? A c -

cept or decl ine the suggest io ns .

Model: Le ts dine out tonight.How about dining out tonight?

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Ill be delighted.Sorry, Im engaged.

1. Lets have some relaxion. Weve had a hard day.2. Why not go to a variety show? 3. What do you say to

ha vi ng a cocktail? 4. Wou ld you car e to have lunch? Imstarved. 5. Well, now that youve won the prize, lets markthe occasion. 6. L et s play a ga m e of billiards. I knowyo ure good at it. 7. W ha t if we go som e place ton igh t? It s along time since we did. 8. Have some wine. Its a verygood brand. 9. Have some more caviar.

IV . A ccep t or decl ine the invi ta t ions, su gg es t io n s a n d o f -

f ers u s in g the fol lowing:

Thank you, I will.

Fine!Id love to.Ill be delighted.Nothing like it.(Thats a) good idea!

Im afraid I cant.

Sorry Im engaged.Previous engagement.No objections.I dont mind.It would be very kind of

you.

1. Come ove r to my place S un da y afternoon. 2. Comeround to see me tomorrow night. 3. Look me up some daynext week. 4. Call me up at the office at seven. 5. Shall I

call for you? 6. Sh al l I pick you up? 7. Let s m ar k theoccasion. 8. Does it suit you if we meet the day after tomor row ? 9. Will it be all rig ht for you if we meet at arestaurant? 10. Id like to go out tonight. What do you sayto that? 11. Would you like to go to the pictures?

V. Ask quest ions to which the fo l lowing may serve as the answers .

1. Ill be delighted. 2. Lets make it, say, Monday afternoo n. 3. That suit s me perfec tly. 4. Not me. 5. Le ts

meet, say, at the entrance. 6. Thank you, I will. 7. Previousengagement. 8. I am against it. 9. You take charge.

24. CONGRATULATIONS AND WISHES

I congratulate you.(My) congratulations

(to you). ().

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Happy birthday to you!Many happy returns

(of the day)!

(A) Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!I wish you good luck!Good luck (to you)!Have a nice holiday!

A ha ppy weekend (to you)!

Have a good time!

Have a comfortablejourney!

* Bon voyage! ( .)

Have a good crossing!

Happy landing!

I wish you a speedyrecovery!

!

! !

!

( ) !

( )!

!

!

! ( - -

)

! ( -

- )

!

Replies

Thank you.Thank you. The sam e to

you.

(A) Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!

. .

. ( .)

! !

E X E R C I S E S

I. M em o r iz e the d ialogues;

Leaving?Yes, in an hour.Ha ve a com fortable journ ey .Thank you.

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Are you flying to Florida?We are.Happy landing!

Thank you.Have a nice holiday!

When are you sailing off? In a few hou rs.Have a good crossing!

Were going to a party.Are you? Have a good time!

Were going to Brighton Saturday afternoon.A happy weekend!The same to you.

Happy New Year!Happy New Year!

Merry Christmas!Merry Chris tmas!

I hear you ve been prom oted.

Yes, I have.My congratulat ions.Thank you.

You dont look quite yourself today. Anything wrong?Yes, looks like Im falling ill. I think Id better go and

lie down.Do. I wish you a speedy recovery.

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II. S u p p l y the m i s s i n g remarks .

1. A happy weekend!.... 2.Merry Chris tmas!....3. .... Happy New Year. 4. Are you going

there by sea ? We are. .... 5..... Happy lan ding! 6. ... . Hav e a good tim e. 7. I ts timeto get aboard. The trains leaving in two minutes. Goodbye! Good-bye! ... .

I I I. W ha t do y ou s a y i f . . .

someone is ill?someone has set a record?it is someones birthday?someones going on a holiday?

someones been promoted?your friend is flying somewhere?your brother is sailing to England?

25. INDIGNATION, IRRITATION, ANGER, IRON

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