Engine MaintenanceEngine Maintenance

Chapter 9Chapter 9

Marine Steering SystemsMarine Steering Systems

22

Objectives for the StudentObjectives for the Student

Understand components and Understand components and maintenance associated withmaintenance associated with mechanical marine tiller and mechanical marine tiller and

rudder steering systemsrudder steering systems mechanical marine cable steering mechanical marine cable steering

systemssystems marine hydraulic steering systemsmarine hydraulic steering systems

33

Stern-Mounted Rudder and Tiller Stern-Mounted Rudder and Tiller SystemSystem

Pintle and Gudgeon Pintle and Gudgeon SystemSystem oldest “modern” oldest “modern”

steering systemsteering system sensitive responsesensitive response used on smaller used on smaller

sailboatssailboats

44

Rudder BalanceRudder Balance

Balanced Balanced RudderRudder equal surface equal surface

areaarea little force little force

requiredrequired difficult to difficult to

controlcontrol

FLOW

55

Rudder BalanceRudder Balance

Semi-Balanced Semi-Balanced RudderRudder provides provides

feedbackfeedbackFLOW

66

Rudder BalanceRudder Balance

Unbalanced Unbalanced RudderRudder mechanically mechanically

simplesimple sensitive sensitive

responseresponse requires most requires most

efforteffort

FLOW

77

Stuffing BoxesStuffing Boxes

Tapered Sleeve Tapered Sleeve Pinches Packing Pinches Packing onto Shaftonto Shaft Tighten hand-tight Tighten hand-tight

plus 1/6 turnplus 1/6 turn

88

Rudder Post TubeRudder Post Tube

No Packing No Packing RequiredRequired

Flush Tube Flush Tube Occasionally and Occasionally and Grease with TeflonGrease with Teflon

Caution: the upper bearing sometimes carries Caution: the upper bearing sometimes carries the weight of the rudder. Make sure the rudder the weight of the rudder. Make sure the rudder is properly supported before disassembly!is properly supported before disassembly!

99

Tiller and Rudder Tiller and Rudder MaintenanceMaintenance

1.1. Install a pin to retain the pintle-Install a pin to retain the pintle-and-gudgeon rudderand-gudgeon rudder

2.2. Tie a line if neededTie a line if needed

3.3. Carry an emergency tillerCarry an emergency tiller

4.4. Lubricate periodicallyLubricate periodically

5.5. Check for loose bolts, rotCheck for loose bolts, rot

6.6. Flush rudder tube occasionallyFlush rudder tube occasionally

1010

Mechanical Steering Mechanical Steering SystemsSystems

Rack and Pinion Rack and Pinion System Converts System Converts Rotary Wheel Rotary Wheel Motion to Linear Motion to Linear Cable MotionCable Motion

Can be Flush Can be Flush Mounted in Helm Mounted in Helm StationStation

1111

Mechanical Steering Mechanical Steering SystemsSystems

Drum and Cable Drum and Cable SystemSystem

Pull-Pull System Pull-Pull System Based on Cable Based on Cable Wrapped Around Wrapped Around Drum in Helm Drum in Helm StationStation

1212

Mechanical Steering Mechanical Steering SystemsSystems

Chain Can be Chain Can be Substituted for Substituted for Wrapped CableWrapped Cable

Chain is Chain is Connected to Connected to Cable Within Cable Within PedestalPedestal

1313

Pull-Pull CablingPull-Pull Cabling

Flexible Cable Permits Flexible Cable Permits Flexible InstallationFlexible Installation

Permits Multiple Permits Multiple StationsStations

Do Not Kink the CableDo Not Kink the Cable Maintain with a Periodic Maintain with a Periodic

Application of GreaseApplication of Grease

1414

Pull-Pull CablingPull-Pull Cabling

Flexible Cable Permits Flexible Cable Permits Flexible InstallationFlexible Installation

Same Principle as Same Principle as Drum and CableDrum and Cable

1515

Steering System Steering System MaintenanceMaintenance

1616

Worm Gear SteeringWorm Gear Steering

Shaft of Helm Station Shaft of Helm Station is Connected to a is Connected to a Worm Gear (Screw)Worm Gear (Screw)

An Acme Nut is An Acme Nut is Connected to Crank Connected to Crank on the Rudder Poston the Rudder Post

1717

Worm Gear SteeringWorm Gear Steering

Lubricate Lubricate GenerouslyGenerously

1818

Rod SteeringRod Steering

Primitive Linkage Primitive Linkage SystemSystem

Used on Small Used on Small TendersTenders

Maintenance:Maintenance: Oil All Pivots as Oil All Pivots as

NeededNeeded Inspect for Loose Inspect for Loose

FittingsFittings

1919

Hydraulic SteeringHydraulic Steering

Used on Larger Used on Larger CraftCraft

Provides a “No Provides a “No Feedback” Feedback” FeatureFeature

Maintenance:Maintenance: Maintain fluid levelMaintain fluid level Maintain 30 psi (200 kPa) reservoir pressureMaintain 30 psi (200 kPa) reservoir pressure Check fittings periodicallyCheck fittings periodically

2020

Remember…Remember…

You should be able to You should be able to identify problems and identify problems and explain them to a mechanicexplain them to a mechanic