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Energy usage: A view from behavioral economics

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Page 1: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Energy usage: A view from behavioral

economics

Page 2: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 3: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 4: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 5: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 6: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 7: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

D. Purves

Page 8: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

D. Purves

Page 9: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

D. Purves

Page 10: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

ILLUSIONS AS A METAPHOR

Page 11: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

0

20

40

60

80

100

Den

mar

kN

ethe

rlan

dsU

nite

d K

ingd

omG

erm

any

Aus

tria

Bel

gium

Fra

nce

Hun

gary

Pol

and

Por

tuga

lSw

eden

8610010010010098100

121728

4

% o

f dri

vers

don

atin

g or

gans

Organ donations?

Johnson & Goldstein (2003)

Page 12: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 13: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Opt-in

Check the box below if you want to participate in the organ donor program

Page 14: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Opt-in

Check the box below if you want to participate in the organ donor program

people don’t checks the box -- and don’t join

Page 15: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Opt-in

Check the box below if you want to participate in the organ donor program

Opt-out

Check the box below if you don’t want to participate in the organ donor program

people don’t checks the box -- and don’t join

Page 16: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Opt-in

Check the box below if you want to participate in the organ donor program

Opt-out

Check the box below if you don’t want to participate in the organ donor program

people don’t checks the box -- and don’t join

people don’t checks the box -- and join

Page 17: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Opt-inCheck the box below if you want to

participate in the organ donor program

Opt-out Check the box below if you don’t want to participate in the organ donor program

people don’t checks the box -- and don’t join

people don’t checks the box -- and join

Page 18: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Answer the following:

Page 19: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Answer the following:

Please write 3 reasons why you love your significant other

Please write 10 reasons why you love your significant other

Please write 3 reasons to buy a BMW

Please write 10 reasons to buy a BMW

Page 20: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Answer the following:

Please write 3 reasons why you love your significant other

Please write 10 reasons why you love your significant other

Please write 3 reasons to buy a BMW

Please write 10 reasons to buy a BMW

Page 21: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

Page 22: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

R

Page 23: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

R

P

Page 24: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

R

PR-

Page 25: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

R

PR-

Page 26: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Asymmetric dominance

Att

ribu

te 1

Attribute 2

R

PP-

Page 27: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 28: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 29: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 30: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 31: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 32: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

84%

0%

16%

Page 33: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

84%

0%

16%

Page 34: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

68%

32%84%

0%

16%

Page 35: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 36: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Fo

rm A

Tom

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Fo

rm A

Tom Jerry

Page 38: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Fo

rm A

Tom JerryJerry’

Page 39: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Fo

rm A

Fo

rm B

Tom Jerry

Tom Jerry

Jerry’

Page 40: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Fo

rm A

Fo

rm B

Tom Jerry

Tom Jerry

Jerry’

Tom’

Page 41: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Fo

rm A

Fo

rm B

Tom Jerry

Tom Jerry

Jerry’

Tom’

♥♥♥

♥♥

♥♥♥

Page 42: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Advice from the Delany sisters ..

Page 43: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

1 immediately

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 44: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

1 immediately✔

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 45: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

1 immediately

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 46: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

1 immediately✔

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 47: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

1 immediately

No temptation button

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 48: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

10 w/ 10sec delay

Ainslie & Herrnstein 1974

1 immediately

No temptation button✔

Delayed gratification & commitment

Page 49: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Self control problems

Self control Mechanisms

Page 50: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Clocky

Page 51: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

One step further ....

Page 52: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100
Page 53: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

2 - markets

Page 54: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

The psychology of money

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Standard Economics ...

What a piece of work is a man! how noble in reason!how infinite in faculty! in form and moving how

express and admirable! in action how like an angel!in apprehension how like a god!

Will Shakespeare (Act II,scene 2, of Hamlet)

Page 56: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Standard Economics ...

What a piece of work is a man! how noble in reason!how infinite in faculty! in form and moving how

express and admirable! in action how like an angel!in apprehension how like a god!

Will Shakespeare (Act II,scene 2, of Hamlet)

Behavioral

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Page 58: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

IT IS ALL ABOUT .....

Page 59: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

IT IS ALL ABOUT .....

FREE LUNCHES !!!

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VS.

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VS.

Page 62: Energy usage: A view from behavioral · 0 20 40 60 80 100 Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Austria Belgium France Hungary Poland Portugal Sweden 86 100 98 100 100 100 100

Thanks