Laura Pimpinella Enel Distribuzione

Energy Storage System for DER integration in the GRID4EU Italian Demo

EUW - November 6, 2014

Agenda

�  The Italian Demostration

�  Electrical Energy Storage System –  Capability

–  A bit of history

–  Functionalities

–  Integration with the Grid4EU Architecture

–  Connection to the MV Network

–  61850 Information Model

–  Network Topology

–  Commissioning Process, List of Tests and Roles

�  Numerical Simulations

�  Conclusions

�  Lessons Learnt

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The Italian Demostration

Project Targets, Architecture and Solutions Adopted

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The Italian demonstration

4

Increase the Medium Voltage (MV) network's hosting capacity for Distributed Energy Resources (DER, in particular solar), introducing Active Control and Demand Response of

MV generators, controllable loads and storage

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Key Figures and Highlights Context

The main driver of the Italian demonstration is the development of RES (Renewable Energy Sources) registered over the past few years in Italy.

HV/MV Substation "Cesena Ovest"

HV/MV Substation “Quarto"

MV/LV Substation “Smistamento"

The project involves: •  2 HV/MV Subs

•  +100 MV Subs

•  +20 MV Feeders

•  +5 MV Generators

•  About 35.000 LV

customers impacted

Back feeding phenomenon due to:

•  High penetration of RES mostly PV (about 105 MWp)

•  Low consumption area in comparison

(peak load ≈80 MW)

Around  60%  connected  to  the  MV  network  

Realization of an advanced control system communicating with the renewable generators, HV/MV & MV/LV substations and storage facility.

Realization of an “always on”, IP standard-based communication solution connecting all the relevant nodes in the network (wireless, wired and PLC)

Installation of a storage facility (1 MVA / 1 MWh) connected to a MV power line

The new solution

5

ControlSystem

HV/MVSubstations

PhotovoltaicFacilities

MV/LVSubstations

Storage

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Simplified Architecture

Basic Concepts

Increase the MV network hosting capacity

Implement an anti-

islanding system

Test and assess the use

of a storage device for optimized network

management

Implement voltage

control (at all nodes) and power flow

control

Enable the dispatching

of RES

Electrical Energy Storage System •  Capability

•  A bit of history

•  Functionalities

•  Integration with the Grid4EU Architecture

•  Connection to the MV Network

•  61850 Information Model

•  Network Topology

•  Commissioning Process, List of Tests and Roles

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Electric Energy Storage System (EESS) – 1 MVA, 1 MWh

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Lithium-Ion Batteries Apparent Power: 1MVA Capacity: 1MWh

A bit of history …

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Aerial inspection

Foundations

Container Placement

Ready for test! (July 2014)

Enel has installed, closed to the MV substation “Smistamento”, a storage system (1 MVA – 1 MWh), that can be connected to several feeders. A variety of applications provided by electricity storage systems can be identified along the electricity value chain, from generation support over transmission and distribution support to end-consumer uses. DEMO 4 is focusing on a subset of such applications:

Eurelectric view of the EESS functions*

Electric Energy Storage System (EESS) - Functionalities

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* Source Eurelectric

§ Voltage Control § Capacity Grid Support §  Losses Management

Integration with the GRID4EU system architecture: USE CASES

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Algorithms output P, Q

Detailed description: CIGRE2014

Each sampling time the Control System inside the HV/MV Substation “Quarto” sends commands towards EESS local controllers. Also the switches status (Open/Close) inside the MV/LV Substation can be changed

Connection to the MV network

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Batteries + BMSs Shelter

MV/LV Substation

MV point of connection LV auxiliary

services supply

MV/LV Trasfo + Inverters + main controller Shelter

HMI

61850 Information Model �  A model has been developed (state machine diagram) �  Logical nodes has been mapped on that model �  A file.icd has been implemented

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Network Topology

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About 10 Km

PS “Quarto”

PS “Cesena Ovest”

EESS

DER

The network topology allows the EESS to be

connected to 5 different MV feeders (belonging to 2 Primary Substations)

EESS Commissioning: Process

�  Guidelines for EESS commissioning have been issued by ENEL DISTRIBUZIONE in which Rules and Roles have been defined.

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Guidelines Commissioning Report

Commissioning Result: q  Successful Commissioning q  Positive Commissioning with minor notes q  Negative Commissioning with major notes q  Unsucessful Commissioning

�  The commissioning lasts at least 2 weeks, during which the EESS has been tested in order to verify that it is compliant with the tender specifications.

�  All the test have been done under the supervision of the supplier technicians.

�  The supplier proposes a detailed test cases approved by ENEL technical management office: –  Capability –  Charging efficiency –  Discharging efficiency

–  Measurement accuracy –  Power quality –  System modularity –  Signaling, monitoring, communication –  LV auxiliary system consumption –  Self-dis/charge tests

–  Modes of operation

EESS Commissioning: List of Tests and Roles

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Enel Technical management

Office (ED TMO)

Supplier Technical management Office

(STMO)

Numerical Simulations

Network Topology and Results

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Recalling the Network Topology

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PS “Quarto”

PS “Cesena Ovest”

EESS

DER

Network topology for Simulations

§  24h  horizon,  1h  step,  voltage  range:  [0.96  –  1.05  p.u.]  [14.40  –  15.75  kV]  

§  OLTC,  modulaLon  of  reacLve  power  from  4  PV  plants  (G1-­‐G4)  

§  The  baTery   is  used  for  reducing  voltage  drop  (3)  and  for  network  losses  reducLon  (1,2)  

§  Calculated   acLve   power   modulaLon   for   the   baTery  (recharge   constraint:   50%   Emax   at   the   end   of   the  horizon)    

EESS active power exchange

2  1  

3  

15,6

16,11

15,36

15,74

15.50

15,2

15,3

15,4

15,5

15,6

15,7

15,8

15,9

16

16,1

16,2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Vol

tage

kV

Node

Baseline EESS connected to another feeder EESS connected to the feeder

Time:  1  p.m.  EESS reactive power exchange

Bus-­‐bar  

Storage  

-1000

-900

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Rea

ctiv

e P

ower

[kV

Ar]

Time [h]

Numerical simulation - some results Voltage Regulation – Feeder A “Active”

Generator    

15,6

14,43

15,36

14,2

14,4

14,6

14,8

15

15,2

15,4

15,6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Vol

tage

[kV

]

Node

baseline EESS connected to the feeder EESS connected to another feeder

§  24h  horizon,  1h  step,  voltage  range:  [0.96  –  1.05  p.u.]  [14.40  –  15.75  kV]  

§  The  baTery   is  used  for  reducing  voltage  drop  (3)  and  for   network   losses   reducLon   (1,2);   the   baTery   is  recharged  when  favorable  (4,5)  to  be  available  in  the  required  periods  

§  Calculated   acLve   power   modulaLon   for   the   baTery  (recharge   constraint:   50%   Emax   at   the   end   of   the  horizon)    

Numerical simulation - some results Voltage Regulation – Feeder B “Passive”

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

Time [h]

Pow

er [

kW]

2  1   3  

4   5  

EESS active power exchange

Time:  1  p.m.  

Bus-­‐bar  

Storage  EESS reactive power exchange: About (+) 1MVAr flat, according to

the EESS capabilities

§  24h horizon, 1h step, voltage range: [0.96 – 1.05

p.u.] [14.40 – 15.75 kV]

§  Summer Sunday: generation > load (partly cloudy

day)

§  The goal of the optimization is to reduce the reverse

power flow, when possible (technical constraints

must be respected)

§  The battery is discharged (2) to be available in the

critical time to absorb the excess of energy (1)

§  Calculated active power modulation for the battery

(recharge constraint: 50% Emax at the end of the

horizon)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

B Ptot

Time [h]

Pow

er [

MW

]2   2  

1  

Numerical simulation - some results Reduction of reverse power flow (MV -> HV)

MV bus-bar active power flow

EESS active power exchange

§  EESS is able to contribute effectively to the voltage regulation; it can help HV-MV power flow control too (according to EESS capacity)

§  The optimization horizon can cover from minutes to several

days (reliability of forecast), with a reasonable computation time

§  The EESS cycle efficiency should be taken into account in

comparison to the network losses reduction obtained by the Voltage Regulator (VR)

Conclusions

EESS Commissioning: First lessons learnt

�  Software is the risky side of the project 1.  Integration with other systems (SCADA ) 2.  Cyber Security for maintenance accesses 3.  Heterogeneous degree of knowledge among actors

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�  Electromechanical side of the project has a lower degree of criticality due to the ENEL’s high level of expertise

�  Personnel Training and new tools are needed for network optimal operations

TLC infrastructure

capable to support

information delivery !

Thanks!

Energy Storage System for DER Integration in the GRID4EU Italian Demo Laura Pimpinella Enel Distribuzione laura.pimpinella@enel.com

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