A presentation from the 2009 Topical Symposium:

Energy Security: A Global Challenge

Hosted by: The Institute for National Strategic Studies

of The National Defense University

29-30 September 2009

By

JOHN NATHMAN

Papers presented at NDU Symposia reflect original research by members of NDU as well as other scholars and specialists in national security affairs from this country and abroad. The opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Defense or any other agency of the Federal Government.

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Powering America’s Defense: Energy and the Risks to National Security

Admiral John Nathman, USN (ret)Military Advisory Board Member

Copyright © CNA 2009All Rights Reserved

Background

May 2009: Powering America’s Defense: Energy and the Risks to National Securitywww.PoweringAmericasDefense.org

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April 2007: National Security and the Threat of Climate Changewww.SecurityandClimate.cna.org

CNA’s Military Advisory Board

• Gen. Chuck Wald, USAF (Ret.)

• Gen. Chuck Boyd, USAF (Ret.)

• Lt. Gen. Lawrence Farrell Jr., USAF (Ret.)

• Gen. Paul Kern, USA (Ret.)

• Gen. Ron Keys, USAF (Ret.)

• Adm. Joe Lopez, USN (Ret.)

• Gen. Bob Magnus, USMC (Ret.)

• Vice Adm. Denny McGinn, USN (Ret.)

• Adm. John Nathman, USN (Ret.)

• Rear Adm. Dave Oliver Jr., USN (Ret.)

• Gen. Gordon Sullivan, USA (Ret.)

• Vice Adm. Dick Truly, USN (Ret.)

• Sherri Goodman (Executive Director), General Counsel, CNA

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Fundamental Questions:

• What are the national security threats associated with energy?

• What is an appropriate role for DoD in addressing these threats?

• The MAB’s debate led to: findings and priorities

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5

Military Advisory Board

We never have 100% certainty.

If you wait until you have 100% certainty, something bad is going to happen

on the battlefield.

That’s something we know.

Gen. Gordon Sullivan (Ret)Former U.S. Army Chief of Staff

Finding 1: U.S. Energy Posture is a Threat

America’s energy posture constitutes a serious and urgent threat to national security—militarily, diplomatically and economically

• Oil dependence• Weakness of U.S.

electrical grid

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U.S. Oil Dependence Undermines National Security

• Weakens international leverage

• Jeopardizes foreign policy

• Exacts huge price tag in dollars and lives

• Entangles US with hostile regimes

• Undermines economic stability

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/S-3_Viking_in- flight_refueling.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wik i/File:S-3_Viking_in- flight_refueling.jpg&usg=__TkF6knWgQJK4LIZsLcKIYG_vo7A =&h=1500&w=2100&sz=622&hl=en&start=36&um=1&tbnid=Lq qNw_8yfysiYM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3D navy%2Brefueling%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom. microsoft:*:IE- SearchBox%26rlz%3D1I7DMUS_en%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18 %26um%3D1

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/USAF_F-16A_F-15C_F-15E_Desert_Storm_edit2.jpg

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Dependence on Oil: Mission Impacts

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Dependence on Oil: Drives Instability

• Interdependence issues with climate change

• Competition for resources

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Grid a Dangerously Weak Link

Domestic electrical grid is outdated, fragile, and overtaxed—and a threat to military capability

• U.S. military bases vulnerable to deliberate or accidental incidents

– Cyber weakness– Reach back– Training and readiness

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Finding 2: Converging Risks

Continuing energy business as usual creates an unacceptably high threat level from a series of converging risks

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ClimateChange

EnergyDependence

National &HomelandSecurity

http://www.doedigit alarchive.doe.gov/I mageDetailView.cf m?ImageID=20168 58&page=search&p ageid=thumb

Finding 3: Commitment to Energy Security

Achieving energy security in a carbon-constrained world is possible, and requires concerted leadership and continuous commitment

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The national security planning processes have not been sufficiently responsive to the security impacts of our current energy posture

• Strategic planning

• Operational planning

http://www.navy.mil/view_single.asp?id =69998

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Finding 4: Strengthen Planning Processes

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://cache.dayli fe.com/imageserve/0gm0d580WP5hn/610x.jpg&imgrefurl =http://www.daylife.com/photo/0gm0d580WP5hn&usg=_ _Jeo1VI60DZwGdAweCEOnJDptxNg=&h=406&w=610 &sz=31&hl=en&start=24&sig2=zsJgOEfzGJtVE2dmand- hw&um=1&tbnid=l6iC8QOZjnWZpM:&tbnh=91&tbnw= 136&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dus%2Bmilitary%2Bwind%2 6ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:en- us:IE- SearchBox%26rlz%3D1I7DKUS%26sa%3DN%26start%3 D18%26um%3D1&ei=zt_PSaKrGtrVlQewmNntCQ

Finding 5: DoD Must Lead the Way

DoD can contribute to national solutions as a technological innovator and early adopter

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Recommendations: #1

Energy security and climate change goals should be clearly and fully integrated into our national security and military planning processes

ClimateChange

EnergyDependence

National &HomelandSecurity

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Recommendations

2. Design & deploy systems to the field to reduce the burden of inefficient energy usage

3. Know DoD’s Carbon Bootprint4. Transform installations through aggressive

pursuit of energy efficiency, smart grid technologies and electrification of non-tactical vehicle fleet

5. Expand distributed & renewable energy generation

6. Invest in long-term shift to low-carbon liquid fuels

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Military Advisory Board

This is America. We're pretty good at getting stuff done.

We need to get this one done.

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PoweringAmericasDefense.org

SecurityandClimate.cna.org

Suggested Websites

Powering America’s Defense: Energy and the Risks to National Security

Admiral John Nathman, USN (ret)Military Advisory Board Member

Copyright © CNA 2009All Rights Reserved