energy efficiency improvements in indian brick...
TRANSCRIPT
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March 10,2011
Energy efficiency improvements in
Indian brick industry
Girish SethiDirector, Industrial Energy Efficiency Division
TERI
10 March 2011
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March 10,2011
About TERI
• An independent, not-for-profit research organization established in 1974
• Pursuing activities related to energy, environment, and sustainable development
• Staff strength of over 900 drawn from multidisciplinary and highly specialized fields
• Great emphasis on capacity building and education. Set up TERI university in 1999 offering doctoral and master programmes
• Based in New Delhi; regional centres in southern; western and north-eastern India; and staff presence in Japan and Brussels
• Affiliate: TERI-NA in Washington DC, TERI-Europe in London, TERI-Gulf in Dubai
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March 10,2011
Indian Brick Sector: Salient features
� Construction sector– Important contributor of GDP; annual growth rate of around 9%
� Solid clay fired bricks – Most popular building material – Annual production ~ 140 billion bricks (2000 – 01 data)– Per capita consumption ~ 100 bricks/capita/year
� Decentralized unorganized production– Decentralized Production: No. of units > 0.1 million – Seasonal operation (Dec to Jun)– Employment for about 10 million workers directly
� Resource Intensive process:– 3rd largest coal consumer (about 24 million tonnes/year)– Large consumption of good quality top soil (400 million tonnes/year)
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March 10,2011
Brick making in India
Clamps
BTK
No Bricks
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March 10,2011
BTKs - Characteristics
� Production capacity - From few millions to more than 10 millions/ annum
� Market:– Caters to both local and regional markets (up to a distance of 200 km) – Segregation based on quality (generally 5 classes)
� Fuel – Coal transported from larger distances or even imported (e.g
Indonesian/Australian coal).– Agricultural residue
� Production process: Continuous� Workforce:
– Different categories: moulders, loaders/unloaders, firemen
– Migratory labour from far-off regions : Workers contracted through labour contractors by paying advance money
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March 10,2011
Key issues facing brick industry
� Technological obsolescence� Increasing fuel prices� Labour shortage – seasonal industry� Unskilled manpower� Increasing demand for quality
products – Niche market for new products
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March 10,2011
UNDP-GEF project
� Project objective:To make India’s major brick producing clusters more energy efficient
� Executing Agency – UNDP; Implementing Agency –MoEF; Responsible Partner –TERI
� Project focusing major brick producing clusters in different regions – East, West, North, South and North-East
� Project being implemented through 5 Local Resource Centres
� Project duration – 4 years (2009-13)
Local Resource Centres (LRCs)
PSCST
Varanasi
INP
Bangalore
TERI
Agartala
TSCST
Chandigarh
Ahmedabad
CEPT
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March 10,2011
Project focus
� Promote manufacturing of REB products in different parts of the country
� Facilitate market creation of such products� Capacity building of stakeholders� Develop linkage with banks and financial
institutions
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March 10,2011
Need for technology upgradation
� Switching over from manual moulding to mechanization e.g. use of extrusion for brick making
� Adoption of better firing technologies e.g. tunnel kiln, Hoffman kiln etc.
� Better control on raw material and product characteristics
� Changes in product profile – Hollow blocks and perforated bricks
� Use of alternate material for brick making e.g. Fal-G bricks with curing instead of baking
� Brick industry to operate round the year
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March 10,2011
Challenges
� Technology transfer and adaptation to local needs
� Financing
� Capacity building and awareness generation of large end-users
� Implementation of ECBC guidelines to promote green construction practices
Transformation of brick industry into an organisedindustry set up
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March 10,2011
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