energy & economics 202 - trane

Load 201

TRACE® 3D Plus

Energy & Economics 202

From previous trainings, you should know how to…

Navigate through Building and Systems sections

Model a building for design calculations

Understand the program’s load methodology

Apply and modify templates to speed up the modeling process

Learn to use and create library members

Interpret load design output reports

Learning Objectives

After this training you will be able to…

1. Comfortably navigate within Building & Site sections

2. Model various system or equipment designs

3. Define equipment and loops in Create Plants section

4. Define utility rates for economic calculations

5. Understand energy and economics program methodology

6. Perform life-cycle cost analysis comparisons

7. Interpret outputs

8. Use reference materials to find answers and seek help

Lessons

Lesson 1: Themes and Templates Review

Lesson 2: Building, Zones, and Site

Lesson 3: Systems

Lesson 4: Plants

Lesson 5: Economics

Lesson 6: Project Summary

Lesson 7: Advanced Features & Resources

TRACE 3D Plus General Workflow

Themes and Templates

LIBRARYBuilding

Construction Room Type Zone Type

Exterior wallsRoofFloor

windows

PeopleLighting

Miscellaneous Equipment

Main supplyVentilationInfiltration

Room exhaust

Return/supply pathsCooling DBHeating DB

ASHRAE 62.1 EzInternal Load

AirflowConstruction

1

General Workflow


Building and Site

LIBRARYBuilding


1

Create Building

Create Zone

Create Site Reports

2

Weather

Room Type Zone Type

Weather

General Workflow


Building and Site Systems

LIBRARYBuilding


1

Create Building

Create Zone

Create Site Reports

2 3

CC

HC

Weather

General Workflow


Building and Site Systems Plants

LIBRARYBuilding


1

Create Building

Create Zone

Create Site

2 3 4Economics

5

$$

Weather

General Workflow


Building and Site Systems Plants

LIBRARYBuilding


1

Create Building

Create Zone

Create Site Reports

2 3 4Economics

5

Projectsummary6

Reports

Alternative 1

• Templates

• Weather

• Building & Site

• System

• Plant

• Simulation Settings

Reports

Project library

Project library

Globallibrary

Saving Project to Global Saving Global to Project

Libraries: Project versus Global

Global library

Drop down menu in the project

Save to library

Throughout the Day Exercise

Modify Project – Add Rooms

Add & Modify Systems

Create & Define Plants

Import TOPSS chiller

Create custom chilled water loop

Define Utility Rates

Run Economic Analysis

Create Alternatives

Lesson 1: Review Themes and Templates

Objectives

Review of Themes and Templates

How to effectively use Templates

Themes

Building type• Education• Food service• Healthcare• Industrial• Office

Theme templates• Building construction• Zone type• Room type

• Construction• Internal loads• Airflows



LIBRARYBuilding


Exterior wallsRoofFloor

windows

PeopleLighting

Miscellaneous Equipment

Main supplyVentilationInfiltration

Room exhaust

Return/supply pathsCooling DBHeating DB

ASHRAE 62.1 EzInternal Load

AirflowConstruction

1

Template Rules

Create templates before creating the building

Red font means reading from template

Red screen means you are editing a template

To revert to the template value use the following:

Click the red triangle in the top left hand corner of field

Click the “Use Template” button when selecting another library member

Remove all data from field and click “Enter”

Schedule Categories

Operating schedules are defined in the Library

Utilization (people, lights, etc.)

Utility Rates (time of day)

Equipment Availability

Setpoint control for water and air Outside Air Reset

Space Temperature Setpoint

Schedules and Day Types

• Design day types are only used during the design calculation

• Weekday, Saturday, and Sunday day types used during all other calculations

• All day types must be defined when creating a schedule

• Day profiles (containing multipliers) are assigned to day types

Day Types Cooling Design

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Holiday

Heating Design

EquipmentSizing

Lesson 1 Review

Theme selection

Templates usage

Theme and Template libraries

Lesson 2:Review Building and Site

Objectives

Review Weather, Building, and Zones

Learn to add energy related site objects

Exercise 1

Review: Weather

Review: Create Building navigation

Building Tree

Floor/Level Indicator

Tool Bar

Section Navigation

Building, Visibility, Snap Settings, Grid Settings

2D Plan View, 3D Level View, 3D Site View

Zoning Rooms

Manually

Auto assign

How can rooms be zoned?

Manually Zoning Rooms

Auto-Assign Feature

Auto Assign will automatically zone all rooms

Each room will be in its own zone

Site

Review Site Import Site image

Set Scale and Site boundaries

Adjacent shading

Apply Elements (Energy related) External energy generators

External power users

Site Toolbar

Site Plan Image

Adjacent Building Drawing

Power-Generating Objects

Power-Using Objects

Site Definition

Power-Generating Objects Tool

• Use this tool to place items that generate power for the site:

– PV panels

– Wind turbine

– Internal combustion engine

– Combustion turbine

Power-Using Objects Tool

• Use this tool to place items that consume power from the building or site:

– Generator

– Parking Lot Lights

– Exterior lights

Screencast…Create Site

Exercise 1: Rooms Exercise

Refer to exercise documents for detailed steps Refer to Background Information for more info

Open Primary School Addition-1.mdfz

Add additional rooms to the building to create Classroom Wing 3

Add 35% banded windows

Assign Room Types to new rooms

Exercise 1: Rooms Exercise – Assign Rooms

Exercise 1: Rooms Exercise - Create and Assign Zones

Add new zone: Primary School Library Modify zone properties for setpoints and

driftpoints

Assign rooms to zones Zoning depends on system type, look

ahead to systems.

Reference Background Information

Exercise 1: Rooms Exercise - Site Power Generation

Lesson 2 Review

Reviewed Weather, Create Building, and Create Zones

Explored energy related site objects

Completed Exercise 1

Lesson 3:Systems

ObjectivesSystem properties

Availability managers

Component properties

Advanced system components

Controls

Outdoor air control

Zone equipment

Exercise 2

System Structure

Systems

Select Systems

Configure Systems

Assign Zones

Configure Zone Equipment

Systems

controlvalve

pumps

compressor

coolingcoil

evaporator

conditionedroom

expansionvalve

air cooled condenser

pumps

Chilled water Refrigeration Heat rejectionAirside

Screencast…Select System

1

2

3

4

Screencast…Configure Systems (Properties)

Screencast…System Properties

Properties are composed of 5 sub sections Sizing

Availability Manager

Components

Controls

Outdoor Air Control

Screencast…Availability Managers

Screencast…Components- Fan Properties

Screencast…Components- Coil Properties

Screencast…DX Equipment Library

Screencast…System Modification

Humidifiers

Energy recovery

Packaged equipment

Screencast…System Modification (Humidifiers)

Energy Recovery

Heat Exchanger component

Energy transfer between OA and exhaust air streams

Series Energy Recovery component

Energy transfer between the cooling coil inlet and outlet

Screencast…System Modification (Energy Recovery)

Screencast…System Modification (Packaged Equipment)

Screencast…Controls

Supply Air Temperature

Supply Air Humidity

Screencast…Outdoor Air Control

OA sizing

Economizer

Ventilation override

Ventilation reset

Humidity control

Heat recovery control

Outdoor Air Control (Economizer)

No economizer

Fixed dry bulb

Fixed enthalpy

Differential dry bulb

Fixed enthalpy

Differential dry bulb and enthalpy

Screencast…Outdoor Air Control (System-Level Ventilation Overrides)

Screencast…Outdoor Air Control (Ventilation Reset)

Demand controlled ventilation (DCV)

System Outdoor Air Method Sum of Outdoor Air

Ventilation Rate Procedure (VRP)-62.1

Proportional Control – Design Occupancy

Proportional Control – Actual Occupancy

IAQP

Screencast…Outdoor Air Control (Humidity Control)

High Humidity Control

Outdoor Air Ratio – High Humidity

Control Zone Humidity based on Outdoor Air

Control Zone

Screencast…Outdoor Air Control (Heat Recovery Integrated with Economizer)

None

Heat Recovery Bypass - Economizer

Heat Recovery Bypass - Outdoor Air

Screencast…Outdoor Air Unit

Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) Multiple System DOA

Single System DOA

Zone DOA

Control strategies

Neutral supply air

Neutral dehumidified air

Cold supply air

Screencast…System Modification (Zone Equipment)

Exercise 2: Systems Exercise

Start with Primary School Addition-2.mdfz or your existing file

Add and configure systems

Add VAV RH (CW) for Wing 3 Classrooms

Add SZVAV for Library

Change Admin system from SZCV to SZVAV

Define system components

Assign zones to systems

Lesson 3 Review

Systems – focus on energy Select Systems

Configure Systems

Assign Zones

Configure Zone Equipment

Completed Exercise 2

Lesson 4:Plants

ObjectivesSelect plant loops for the project

(e.g. chilled-water, mixed-water, heat exchanger)

Configure plant equipment to match project designs

Know when a loop requires assignment with other loops

Understand supply side and demand side

Assign system coils to plant loops

Understand how to create custom equipment and plants in the library

Review

controlvalve

pumps

compressor

coolingcoil

evaporator

conditionedroom

expansionvalve

air cooled condenser

pumps

Chilled water Refrigeration Heat rejectionAirside

Plant Building Blocks

Supply - Demand

Screencast…Library – Equipment

Chillers (absorption, air- and water-cooled)

Unitary cooling and heat pumps

Boilers

Heating and cooling coils

Fans and pumps

Heat rejection

Thermal storage

Geothermal heat exchangers

Water heaters

Zone equipment

Generators

Screencast…Library – Equipment – Water Cooled Chillers

• Detailed vs. Simple

Screencast…Methodology – Curves

Curves required depend on equipment type and operational modes

Varying number of polynomials

Curve wizard – enter tabular data

Simulation applies the equipment rated design parameters in conjunction with space loads, hourly weather data, and indoor operating conditions to determine the energy use at each time step in the analysis

Screencast…Methodology – Curves

P = FL kW * % power at load * % Capacity * Ambient ModifierEquipment Capacity vs.

Ambient ConditionsPower Consumption vs.

Ambient ConditionsPower Consumption vs.

Percent Load

Screencast…Library – Curves

Modify/Compare

Chiller Wizard

Heat rejection - cooling towers

Screencast…Library – Equipment: Cooling towers

Screencast…Library – Equipment: Pumps

Screencast…Library – Equipment: Boilers

Screencast…TOPSS Import

1 2

3

4

5

6

7

Screencast…Library - Loops

1

2 3 4


5

6

7

8


9 10 11

Screencast…Library – Plant Configurations

Plants

Select Plants

Configure Plants

Assign Loops

Assign Systems

Select Plants

Do you have systems with water coils, VRF, or water source heat pumps?

Do you want to automate the creation of plants?

Select Plants

•Read-Only properties

•Common tree functions

Plant Wizard

Component Selection Bar

Delete

Copy

Properties

Select Plants – Plant Wizard

Simplify plant creation using plant configuration library members

• Click the Plant Wizard

• Select a plant configuration type

• Determine the plant configuration

• Review the loops that are included with plant

• Add Plant configuration to project

• Tree is updated with Loops and Components

Simplify plant creation using plant configuration library members• Click the Plant Wizard• Select a plant configuration

type• Determine the plant

configuration• Review the loops that are

included with plant• Add Plant configuration to

project• Tree is updated with Loops

and Components

12

3

4

5

Select Plants – Add Loops

1

2

3

4

5

Simplify plant creation by adding existing loops from library• Select Loop Type to view Groups• Select Group to preview Loops• Select Loop within Group• Add Loop to Project• Loop is added to Plant Tree

Let’s take a look at the program…

Screencast…Select Plants – Add Loops

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Unlinked Icon


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


Expand Component

Open Project Library

Red Indicates Project Library

Changes to Edit in Library

Breadcrumb

Screencast…Configure Plants – Key Points

Add or remove equipment and controls within project loops

Validate loops

Modify equipment tags

Add demand loads

Customize loop operation and sequencing

Screencast…Configure Plants

Right-click to rename Loop Components

Double-click to collapse Loop(s)

Screencast…Configure Plants

Validate LoopClick and delete Component

1 2

3

4

5

Screencast…Plant Properties – Loop Sizing

Sizing method

Sizing factor

Fluid type

Design temperatures

Editable only from Configure Plants

Use F1 for details on input fields

Screencast…Plant Properties – Components

View/edit equipment properties directly Only impacts the project

Full load energy rate

Equipment design conditions

View Project Library

Screencast…Plant Properties – Components

Fuel Type

Efficiency

Plant Properties – Controls

Control Strategy

Properties depend on strategy selected

Strategies vary based on equipment type

Loop specific

Scheduled

Water reset based on OA

Follow OA temperature

Dual set point

Follow ground temperature

Optimized tower

Not required for VRF

Built in controller

Screencast…Plant Properties – Controls

OA reset schedule

Screencast…Plant Properties – Availability Manager

Loop Control based on downstream sensor reading

By default, none are checked

Used in special circumstances

High temperature turn off

High temperature turn on

Low temperature turn off

Low temperature turn on

Screencast…Plant Properties – Demand Loads

Impose a load on plant

Think: Domestic hot water generated by a boiler plant

Load appears in tree

Multipliers Schedules

Screencast..Plant Properties – Sequencing

Load distribution

Sequencing type Sequential

Optimal

Uniform

Uniform PLR

Sequential uniform PLR

Limits

Schedule

Screencast…Assign Loops – Key Points

Connect equipment to loops

View relationships between equipment and loops or supply/demand half loops

Screencast…Assign Systems – Key Points

Connect loops to coils

View relationships between plants and systems

Exercise 3: Plants Exercise – Add Equipment to Plant

Start with Primary School Addition-3.mdfz or your existing file

Create New Plant Configuration

Import RTWD Chiller from TOPSS

RTWD 80 ton Std Eff AHRI Temps.xml

Hint: Water Cooled Chiller (Simple)

Create Loop with parallel chillers and VFD pumps

Hint: Place first pump and chiller and then add second chiller

Replace plant loop in project

Assign chillers to Condenser Loop

Assign Coils to plant loops

Verify equipment properties match design documents

Exercise 3: Plants Exercise - Create Plant Loop

Exercise 3: Plants Exercise - Assign Chiller to Loops

Assign newly created water-cooled chiller to the condenser loop

View connections between loops through the diagram

Scan for errors with loop connections

Exercise 3: Plants Exercise - Assign Systems

Assign the newly created unit ventilators to the chiller water and hot water loops

View connections between loops through the diagram

Plants – Review

Select plant loops for the project

Configure plant equipment to match project designs

Know when a loop requires assignment with other loops

Understand supply side and demand side

Assign system water or steam coils to plant loops

Understand how to create custom equipment and plants in the library

Lesson 5: Economics

Objectives

Look at how to create advanced rate structures

Default and custom meters

Meter assignment

Demand limiting is available

Understand life-cycle costing and associated parameters

Investment and operation, maintenance & repair costs

Preferences – Default Utility Rate

Selected at project creation via Project Defaults

Screencast…Utility Rate Library

Screencast…Utility Rate Library – General Rate Information

Blanket Tax applied over fuel-specific charges

Monthly charge regardless of utilities used

Screencast…Utility Rate Library – Consumption

Tabs based on Seasonal Calendar

Utility-specific charges and taxes

Tabs based on Time-of-Use Schedule

Hours of demand kWh/kWElectricity only

Stepped Rate

Add Floating Cutoff

Screencast…Utility Rate Library – Demand

Screencast…Billing Cycle Calendar

Screencast…Seasonal Calendar

Screencast…Holiday Calendar

Screencast…Time of Use Schedule: Day Profile Editor

Screencast…Time of Use Schedule: Editor

Screencast…Utility Rates Example

Create Stepped rate with Time-Of-Use scheduling Electricity Rate

3.5% tax

Service fee of $55 per month

Consumption On-Peak (10 AM to 6 PM – M-F)

$0.23 first 500 kWh

$0.33 next 500 kWh

$0.30 all remaining kWh

Mid-Peak (8 AM to 10 AM, 6 PM to 8 PM – M-F)

$0.20 first 1,000 kWh

$0.25 all remaining kWh

Off-Peak (12 AM to 8 AM, 8 PM to 12 AM M-F and 24 hours on Weekends)

$0.15 all kWh

Demand (30 minutes) On-Peak and Mid Peak

$10 per kW for the first 20 kW

$7.50 all remaining kW

Off-Peak

$5 all kW

Screencast…Utility Rates Example (Completed)

Exercise 4: Utility Rate Exercise –Atlanta, GA Electricity Rate

Basic Electricity Service Charge - $19.00

Electricity Tax rate: 8%

Minimum Electricity Charge - $56.00

All consumption (kWh) not greater than 200 hours times the billing demand: First 3,000 kWh - 12¢ per kWh

Next 7,000 kWh - 11¢ per kWh

Next 90,000 kWh - 9¢ per kWh

Over 100,000 kWh - 7¢ per kWh

All consumption (kWh) in excess of 200 hours and not greater than 400 hours times the billing demand 1.14¢ per kWh

All consumption (kWh) in excess of 400 hours and not greater than 600 hours times the billing demand 0.7¢ per kWh

All consumption (kWh) in excess of 600 hours times the billing demand 0.6¢ per kWh

*Adapted from – Georgia Power(https://www.georgiapower.com/business/prices-rates/business-rates/government-and-institutions.cshtml)

Exercise 4: Utility Rate Exercise

*Adapted from – Georgia Power(https://www.georgiapower.com/business/prices-rates/business-rates/government-and-institutions.cshtml)

Exercise 4: Utility Rate Exercise –Atlanta, GA Gas and Water Rates

Natural Gas*

Service Charge - $8.99

Tax rate: 8%

$0.59 per therm

Water**

Service Charge - $6.56

Tax rate: 0%

First 2.25 kgal – $3.45 per kgal

Next 2.25 kgal - $7.13 per kgal

All remaining – $8.23 per kgal

*Source – Georgia Natural Gas(https://gng.com/shop-for-service/georgia-natural-gas-rates-plans)

**Adapted From – City of Atlanta Department of Watershed Management(http://www.atlantawatershed.org/customer-service/rates/)

Exercise 4: Utility Rate Exercise

Economics - Subsections

Utilities

Meters

Life Cycle Parameters

Costs

Methodology

Consumption/demand

Billing cycle calendars

TOU schedule

Rate application

Charges

Screencast…Economics - Utilities

Screencast…Economics - Meters

Screencast…Economics – Meters

Screencast…Economics – Demand Limiting

Life Cycle Terms

Life cycle payback on investment: Used to determine at what time the

alternative will payback on the investment

Internal rate of return: Used by capital allocators to decide

whether or not to fund a project

Iterative process that provides an answer in terms of percent

Used to provide a standardized comparison of dissimilar projects

Screencast…Economics - Life Cycle Parameters

Economics - Costs

Investment costs Construction

Salvage

Other capital costs

OM&R Operation

Maintenance

Repair

Screencast…Economics - Costs

Exercise 5: Economics Exercise

Lifecycle Parameters Study life is 20 years

Discount rate is 3%

Costs Initial investment cost of $160,000

Yearly maintenance cost: $2,500

Equipment repair cost of $19,000 in year 10

Exercise 5: Economics Exercise

Economics Review

Utility rate creation and meter assignments

Schedules

Calendars

Creating and assignment of end uses to custom meters

Meter assignment to utility rate tariffs

Life cycle analysis

Managing capital and recurring costs

Objectives

Create new alternatives

Understand Project Summary section Set simulation Settings

Calculate Results

Review Reports

Lesson 6: Alternatives and Project Summary

Screencast…Project Summary

Quick view of the different sections per alternative

What is ready and what is missing

Last time calculated

Screencast…Creating Alternatives

Create new

Copy

Link

Un-link

Un-Link

Screencast…Alternative Functions

Hide/un-hide

Switch base alternative

Deleting an alternative

Changing alternative order

Screencast…Alternatives Example

Create a new linked alternative and edit a section of the new alternative (Plants)

Create 2nd Alternative Click on ‘Project Summary’ in Main Menu bar Link existing alt by clicking the ‘Link’ button at the top of Alt

1. This creates a new linked alt that has identical information in each section as the source alternative.

The 2nd alternative is created, now the ‘link’ will be broken Click on the linked symbol of the Plants section and select the

option to ‘Un-link Plants’ The Plants section is now editable

Open the Plants section in Alt 2 and change the efficiency of the existing equipment that was created in the previous Plants exercise so it is more efficient than the base alternative.

Calculate the exercise and compare the energy savings between the two alternatives.

Exercise 6: Alternatives Exercise

Create Alternative 2

Calculate the file that has been created today

Look at energy reports and answer the questions

Energy and Economics Reports

Project Energy and Economic Summary

Site Consumption Summary

Economic and Life Cycle Costs Summary

Economic and Alternative Comparison

Visualizer

New File Wizard

Libraries

C.D.S. Download Center

C.D.S. Web Portal

C.D.S. Answers

C.D.S. eLearning Library

Other Resources

Contact C.D.S.

Lesson 7: Advanced Features & Resources

Screencast…New File Wizard

1

2

3

4

Project library

Project library

Globallibrary

Saving Project to Global Saving Global to Project

Screencast…Libraries: Project versus Global

Global library

Drop down menu in the project

Save to library

Sharing libraries

Import / export libraries: trl files

Reconciliation

Embedded libraries

Search functionality

Library grouping

Screencast…Libraries

Screencast…Other Features

News & Updates

User preferences

Unit conversion

Change of Units

Value Conversion

Other Features

Back-up files

Opening calculated files

Large files

C.D.S. Download Center

C.D.S. Web Portal: www.trane.com/CDSHelp

C.D.S. Answers: www.trane.com/CDSHelp

C.D.S. eLearning Library: www.trane.com/CDSHelp

Effective Use of Resources

Getting Started Manual, for basic “How To”

F1 Help

User’s Manual

C.D.S. Web Portal

Call C.D.S. Support time critical issues complex issues be specific

Email C.D.S. Support archived file detailed explanation include all questions

C.D.S. Tools

AnalysisDesign

Selection

Trane Official Product Selection System (TOPSS™)

Online CADTemplates

TRACE® 3D Plus

Energy & Economics 202

How to Reach C.D.S.

Phone 608.787.3926

Fax 608.787.3005

Email [email protected]

Web www.trane.com/CDSHelp

Support Center hours:Mon–Thurs. 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. CT

Fridays 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. CT

http://www.trane.com/CDSHelp

energy & economics 202 - trane

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