endagerd animals std 5 to 8 std

8/13/2019 Endagerd Animals Std 5 to 8 Std

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ANKITH MENON

ANK IT BHANGE

SHIRISH BANDSODE

SIDDHESH PATIL

SHUBHAM NIMKAR

SRI SAI KALYAN


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An endangered species is a population of an organismwhich is at risk of becoming extinctbecause it is either

few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmentalor predation parameters. An endangered species isusually a taxonomic species, but may be anotherevolutionary significant unit. The World ConservationUnion(IPCN) has calculated the percentage ofendangered species as 40 percent of all organisms basedon the sample of species that have been evaluatedthrough 2006. Many nations have lawsofferingprotection to these species: for example, forbidding

hunting, restricting land development or creatingpreserves. Only a few of the many species at risk ofextinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legalprotection. Many more species become extinct, or

potentially will become extinct, without gaining publicnotice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extincthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_significant_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_significant_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinct


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EXTIN TIN TIONIn Biology and ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a

speciesor group of taxa. The moment of extinction is generally

considered to be the death of the last individual of that species(although the capacity to breed and recovermay have been lost

before this point). Because a species' potential rangemay be very

large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done

retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus

taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "re-appears"(typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/ExtinctDodoBird.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology


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Species become ext inc t or endangered for a number of reasons , but th epr imary cause is the destruct io n of habitat by h uman act iv i t ies (see

Environment). As species evolve, most adapt to a specif ic habitat or

environm ent that best meets their surv ival needs. Withou t this habitat the

species may not su rvive. Pol lut ion, drainage of wetlands , con version o f

shru b lands to grazing lands , cutt in g and c lear ing of forests , urbanizat ion,

oral-reef destruct ion , and road and dam con struc t ion have destroyed or

ser iously damaged and fragmented avai lable habitats. Habitat

fragmentat ion, the iso lat ion and divisio n o f habitats into smaller areas,

has caused p lant and animal species in the remaining islands o f habitat to

lose contact wi th other populat ions of thei r own kind. This reduces thei r

genet ic diversi ty and makes them less adaptable to environmental orcl imatic ch ange. These sm all populat ions are high ly vu lnerable to

ext inct ion . For some species, the fragmented habitats become too sm all

to suppo rt a sustainable pop ulat ion.

.


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Pollution is another important cause of extinction. Toxicchemicalsespecially chlorinated hydrocarbons, such

as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)have become

concentrated in food webs, the interconnected food

chains that circulate energy through an ecosystem.These toxic chemicals strongly affect species near the

top of the food chain. Both DDT and PCBs interfere with

the calcium metabolism of birds, causing soft-shelled

eggs and malformed young. PCBs also impair

reproduction in some carnivorous animals. Water

pollution and increased water temperatures have wiped

out endemic species of fish in many habitats. Oil spills

destroy birds, fish, and mammals, and may contaminate

the ocean floor for many years after the event. Acid rain,

the toxic result of extreme air pollution


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In an effor t to p rotect global biod iversi ty and

encourage the study, restorat ion, and sound

management o f endangered species, the IUCN andthe World Con servat ion Monito r ing Centre (WCMC)

maintain a global l ist of endangered and vulnerable

animal species cal led the Red L ist. A framework for

internat ional conservat ion efforts, the Red L ist

database assesses the status of, and threats to,

animal species wo r ldwide. To add to th is and o ther

biod iversi ty databases, nongovernmental

organizations such as Conservat ion Internat ional and

World Wild l i fe Fund conduc t per iod ic rapidassessm ents (focused, intens ive evaluat ions ) of

b iod ivers i ty in var ious hotspo tsregion s l ike

Madagascar that are bo th rich in endemic species

and envir onmental ly th reatened. . . . . . .


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Efforts to save endangered species also inc lude

captive breeding o f severely endangered specieslater released in the wild to restore or add to a

breeding populat ion (a popu lat ion of indiv iduals

capable of reproducing). Due to b reeding in capt iv i ty

(su ch as in zoos and special ized anim al cl inic s), the

number of known Cal iforn ia condors g rew from 27 in

1987 to 157 by 2000, inc lud ing 52 l iving in th e wild in

southern Cal i fornia; the num ber of whoop ing cranes

rose from 21 worldw ide in 1941 to at least 180 in the

w ild and 130 in captivi ty in 1999; and th e Americanperegr ine falcon has been reintroduced into the wi ld

in eastern North America where i t had become ext inct

as a breeding populat ion. In 1999 sc ient is ts

suc cessful ly transp lanted an emb ryo from an Afr icanwi ldcat in to the womb of a dom est ic cat.

. . . . .


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CONCLUSION FOR US IS THAT WE SHOULD TRY AS

MUCH AS WE CAN TRY TO PREVENT THESEENDANGERED ANIMALS FROM BECOMING EXTINCT

THAT PLAY A MAJOR ROLE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY

IN OUR L IFE. WE THE HUMANS ARE WHO THAT MADE

THESEANIMALS ENDANGERED AND WE HUMANS ARE

THE ONLY ONE WHO CAN PREVENT THESE

ENDANGERED ANIMALS FROM FURTHER EXTINCTION.


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endagerd animals std 5 to 8 std

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