encyclopedia of imam ali

INDEX

Encyclopedia of Imam Ali A scientific, intellectual and literary

encyclopedia about the life of Imam Ali (pbuh)

Special issue on the occasion of the 1400th anniversary of the designation of Kufa as the

capital of the Islamic world by Imam Ali (36-1436 H / 656-2015 C.E.)

Authored by a selection of scholars, intellectuals and writers

Editor in chief Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi

Publisher

Kufa Academy – The Netherlands

Year of publication: 1436H – 2015 C.E.

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Encyclopedia of Imam Ali

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Mohammed Said Al-Touraihi

A Dutch-Iraqi historian and publisher specialized in interreligious dialogue with particular emphasis on methodological questions, comparative theology and history of religions. He has a special interest in the history and heritage of India and currently holds his chair of the Encyclopedia of India.

Iraqi born, he is founder and editor-in-chief of Al-Mawsem Encyclopedia, specialized in Islamic heritage and tradition, of which until 2015 hundred twenty-three volumes have appeared since its founding in 1988 and contains more than 54.000 pages. His editorial work consists of 135 books and includes the Encyclopedia of India in Arabic (see below for a complete list).

He is the founder Kufa Academy, a non-profit organization for oriental studies. The organization has a unique, mainly Arabic, book collection that includes over twenty thousand books, including old manuscripts. A great effort is put in enhancing dialogue between the Islamic world and the West through publications and conferences.

Al-Touraihi received several awards, medals and honorary doctorates from various universities and organizations.


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Publications:

1- Hanin bin Is’haq – Najaf – Dar Al Numan, 1973.

2- Al Diyarat Al Nasraniyya fil Kufa wa Dawahiha; Christian abbeys in Kufa and it’s suburbs).1st edition Rome 1977. 2nd edition Beirut, Al Mutanabbi 1980.

3- Fadhlul Kufa wa Masajiduha, by Ibn Masjhadi, Beirut 1980.

4- Fadhlul Kufa wa Fadhlu Ahliha, by Mohammed bin Ali al Hasani al Sjajari, Beirut 1981.

5- Radul Sjams lil Imam Ali – Beirut, 1989.

6- Al Nabi Hizkial (Dhul Kifl) siratuhu wa masjhaduhu fi Babel, Damascus, 1982.

7- A’lamul Nisaa fil Kufa tilGharra (famous women in Kufa), Damascus 1982.

8- Surat Yasin – A Koranstudy in Gujarati, Ahmad Abad, India, 1982.

9- Rawza Islam Mi (in Urdu), Karachi, 1982.

10- Tarikhul Imamiya fil Bilad al Sjamiya (History of the Shia), deel 1, Hayderabad, India.

11- Al Durra Al Yatima fi Fadhail Al Sayyida Al Adhima, (biography) by Abdullah Al Mirghani al Makki, Beirut 1985.

12- Al Mawahib wal Mina fi Manaqibil Imam al Hassan, (biography) by Mohammed al Jafri (1186 H).

13- Qurratu Kul Ain fi Manaqibil Imam al Husain, (biography) by Mohammed al Jafri (1186 H), Beirut 1985.

14- Al Mawahibul Ghizar fi Manaqib Haydarata al Karrar, (biography) door Mohammed al Jafri.


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15- Al Fath wal Busjra fi Manaqibil Zahra, (biography), by al Jafri, Beirut. 1985.

16- Taiful Insjaa aw Risalatul Taif li Abil Hassan Isa bin Abil Fat’h el Erbili (693), Beirut 1985.

17- Jannatul Asmaa al Mumtaza fil Ardh wal Samaa, by Al Ghazali (505 H), Beirut 1985.

18- Fadhail Fatima tul Zahra Alaiha al Salam, by Al Hafidh bin Sjahin (385 H) Beirut 1985.

19- Ghurarul Hikam wa Durarul Kalim lil Imam Amirul Muminin Ali Alaihi al SalamBeirut (Dar al Qari’) 1986.

20- Al Idhah fi Asraril Nikah, door al Sjirazi, Beirut 1986.

21- Al Fakhriya fi Fiqh al Hanafiya, door Fakhriddin al Turaihi (979 -1085 H) Beirut (Dar al Balagh) 1986.

22- Al Dhiyaa al Lami’fi Sjarh al Mukhtasar al Nafi’, by Fakhriddin al Turaihi. Parijs 1986.

23- Al Arbaún Hadithan, door Fakhriddin al Turaihi, Beirut (Dar al Balagh) 1986.

24- Jami’atul Fawaid fi Ithbat Hujjiyat il Dhan, by Fakhriddin al Turaihi, Damascus 1986.

25- Husnul Maqsad fi Ithbat Amalil Mawalid, by al Suyuti. Beirut 1986.

26- Al Thughur al Basima fi Fadhail Fatima Alaiha al Salam – al Suyuti – Beirut 1987.

27- Ihyaul Mayt bi Fadhail Ahlil Beit, al Suyuti, Beirut 1987.

28- Dalil Mu’jam Rijalil Hadith, by Al Imam al Khoui – Bombay 1983 – Beirut 1986 – Iran 1986.


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29- Khaza’in al Kutub al Qadima fil Kufa; about old libraries in Kufa, Bagdad 1979. Al Mahtutat al Arabiya fi Maktabitil Waziri, (Arabic manuscripts in the Al Waziri library in Yazd, Iran), Beirut 1989.

30- Al Atabatul Muqaddasa fil Kufa, (Holy places in Kufa), Beirut 1986.

31- Tarikh al Ahmadi, door de Indiase prins Ahmad Husain Bahadur Khan. Beirut 1988.

32- Al Malhama al Alawiya, door al Hilali. Beirut (al Wafaa sitchting) 1988.

33- Mukhtasar Jawahirul Kalamfil Hukm wal Ahkam, door al Amadi ( 550 H). Beirut (Dar al Ulum) 1990.

34- Tahiyyatul Qari li Sahih il Bukhari, door Mohammed Ali Izzeddin ( 1300 H). Beirut (Dar al Murtadha) 1997.

35- Dawlatul Najaf (The Najaf State), The Netherlands 2004 (Dar al Mawsem).

36- Ajras Karbala (the rings of Karbala), Beirut (Dar al Balagh) 1989.

37- Sautul Walaa fi Mad’h il Rasul wa alihi al Awaliyaa, by Ahmad Mendo, Damascus 1990.

38- Al Hiyam beine al Iraq wal Sjam (Dimasjq fil Sji’r al Iraqi)Damascus (Dar al Fatat) 2005.

39- Al Masihiya fi Bilad al Sjam ma’a ‘Inaya Khassa bi Hariq Dimasjq sanat 740 H ;Christianity in Syria, Leiden, 2002.

40- Muhatharat fi Tarikh il Adyan, The Netherlands, 1999.

41- Sosyolojia al siraa’al dini beinel sunnati wal sji’a; The sociology of the religious fight between the Sunni and the Shia, Belgium, 2005.


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42- Tuhfatul Raghib fi Sirati A’yan Ahlil Beit al Ata’ib; biography of the Prophet’s family by Sjihabuddin al Qalybi, belgium, 1995.

43- Al Nukhba al Aliyya fil Sada al Alawiya, by Mahmud al Dumyati, Al Ma’athir al Nafisa fi Manaqib as Saiyyida Nafisa, Cairo 1985.

44- Dala’il ul Ta’dhim li ‘al il Mustafa al Karim, by Sayyadi, Michigan, 1997.

45- Al Risala Li Thawil Albab li ya’lamu Huquqil ‘Itrati wal Kitab, by Ahmad bin Zain il Abidin al Jafari. Indonesia, Java, 1997.

46- Haulaa al Rijal minal Iraq; those Iraqi men, London, 2000.

47- Min Afaqil Thaqafatil Turkmaniya; Turkmanian culture, Duitsland, (1999-2000)

48- Al Sji’a fi Afriqia (Shia in Africa). Tanzania, 2003.

49- Tarikh al Ilaqat al Arabiya al Holandiya History of Arab Dutch relations throughout history, The Hague 1994.

50- Kharidatu Iqdil li’al fil tawassuli lil nabiyyi bil ‘Al, by Mahmoued Qabadou al Andalusi. Brussels, 1999.

51- Al Fawzu Bil Murad fi Tarikh Bagdad; the history of Bagdad by al Kermili. The Netherlands, 2002.

52- A’lam ul Hind; stars in India; 3 volumes The Netherlands,1995.

53- Malhamatul Ramayana al Hindiyaa, Bombay 1985.

54- Tahiyyatul Hind, Damascus 1988, 2nd edition 1989.

55- Awraqul Thahab (al MaadinulLlajiniyya fil Mahasinil Wahbiyya al Husainiyya), by al Sjusjtari. Bombay, 1989.


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56- Al Sji’a fil ‘Asr al Maghuli (Sjiieten in Mongolian time). Bombay 1989.

57- Tuhfatulk Mujahidien fi Ahwalil Purtugaliyyien; The proud of the ‘mujahidien’ in their stories about the Portugese, Beirut (Dar al Wafaa) 1985.

58- Aja’ibul Hind, Barruhu wa Bahruhu wa Jazairuhu,1986.

59- Masadirul Dirasatil Hindiya (sources for Indian studies). Leiden, 1991.

60- Asadullah Ghalib Sja’ir ul Hind (Asadullah Ghalib; poetry in India). The Nederlands, 2005.

61- Muluk Heyderabad; Kings of Haydarabad, The Netherlands, 2005.

62- Diyanetul Sik; Belief of the Sikh’s, Beirut 1996.

63- Al Hindusiya Tarikhuha wa Taqaliduha; Hinduism, history and belief, The Netherlands,1995.

64- Tibu Sultan Asad Mysore. The Netherlands, 1995.

65- Taghur (Dirasa – Mukhtarat), The Netherlands, 1995.

66- Tarikh mamalakat Udha, The Netherlands, 1994.

67- Al Kitabat al Islamiya fil Hind.The Netherlands, 1993.

68- Al Mamlaka al Behmeniya (748-932 H) Leiden, 1998.

69- Al Mamlaka al Nizam Sjahiya, Leiden, 1998.

70- Al Mamlaka al Adil Sjahiya, Leiden, 1997.

71- Awsaful Asjraf lil Jurjani. India 1981.

72- Fadhail Amir Al Mu’minin. By Ahmad bin Hanbal. Belgium, 1993.

73- Al Yahudiya wal Masihiya fil Maraji’al Arabiya. (Christanity and Judaism in Arab sources), Holland,1999.


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��א��:א��وא� ��א��م�� Association internationale des Fatimides

Fondateur et directeur Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi

Pays-Bas Table des matières 1. Al-Mushaf dans les récits et la tradition 2. Le compagnon et la question de son équité 3. La Commémoration du souvenir des Prophètes et des Serviteurs

dévoués de Dieu 4. L’édification sur la sépulture des Prophètes et sur celle des Amis

de Dieu dans un bu de les considérer comme Mosquées et lieux d’adoration

5. Invocation de la demande de grâce sur Mohammed et sur la Famille de Mohammed

6. Les attributs Divins 7. Al-Bidâ dans la langue et la terminologie 8. Le Mariage temporaire en Islam 9. Le Verset de la Purification dans les sources des deux écoles 10. Infaillibilité des Prophètes et des messagers 11. Evènements ayant marqué l’histoire Sainte Islamique 12. Verser des larmes sure le défunt 13. La Demande de Recours faite au Prophète et le désir d’acquérir de

la Bénédiction versée par ses vestiges sacrés 14. Manaqib Ali Ibn Abi Talib 15. Asrar As-Salat (Les arcanes de la Prière).


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Table of Contents Volume 1

Editor’s Introduction Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi............................................................. 17 ‘Power and the strategy of its use by Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh): The fundamental rules of Islamic Humanitarian Law’ Dr. Amin Mohamed Hateet............................................................. 21 ‘The injury and death of Imam Ali (pbuh): A study in the fields of neurosurgery and forensic medicine’ Dr. Abd Al-Hadi Alkhalili............................................................... 36 According to the theory of the text: ‘the acoustic linguistic performance of the Koran’ Dr. Mohamed Kadhum Albakaa..................................................... 56 The methodology of Imam Ali (pbuh) in proving his Imamate Sheikh Mustafa Qasir Al Amili....................................................... 67 The narrative of Al Ghadir based on Ibn Kathir in his book, Al Bidaya wal Nihaya Sheikh Nazar Sanbal Alkiteeny....................................................... 82 Social welfare in the caliphate of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mohamed Alawi Nasir Alshimari...................................................... 126 Citizenship in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) (a contemporary reading) Sheikh Mohamed Asyraan ............................................................ 138


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Academic readings in the science of soft immaterial skills: Who is the founder of this science?Imam Ali or Western scientists? Dr. Taqi Bin Abd Alrida Albadwani............................................. 155 Al Ghadir: ideological and existential destruction of the philosophy of the end of History Dr. Abd Allawi Mohamed............................................................. 182 The incident of Al Ghadir statement of allegiance (a study in Islamic geography) Dr. Dhurgham Khaled Abd Alwahaab Abul Kulul...................... 188 The mandate of the Ahl al-Bayt (pbut) in Nahj Albalageh (interpretive reading) Dr. Hakim Habeeb Alkreedy......................................................... 212 Imam Ali and women Dr. Bayaan Alurayidh.................................................................... 223 Chapter one: Ali and the Fatimides............................................... 227 Chapter 2: Ali and Alzahraa.......................................................... 262 Chapter 3: Ali and Aisha ............................................................... 294 Chapter 4: Ali and the woman in Nahj AlBalageh....................... 321 Ali in women speeches.................................................................. 330 The image of Imam Ali in the seven Alawiyat poems by Ibn Al Hadid Al Mo’tazili (D. 655 H) Dr. Hussain Abd Alaal Alluheeby ................................................ 347 How to fit event to context in the speeches of Imam Ali (the imperative method as an example) Dr. Jinaan Mohamed Mahdi Alaqeedy ........................................................................................ 360


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Ali in the Holy Quran: a way of righteousness that we adhere to (a model) Dr. Jawad Ahmed Albahaadly ...................................................... 370 Intertextual manifestation in the explanation of Nahaj Albalaageh Dr. Kadhum Faghir Hajim AlGhaffaji.......................................... 395 Religious and formal intertextual explanation in the global Ghaderaat Dr. Safa’a Abd Allah Burhan........................................................ 437 Al Ghadir and the question of the state in the methods of Imam Ali (pbuh) Mohamed Mahfoodh ..................................................................... 451 Sociological theorization of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Raheem AlSaeedy ................................................................... 463 Imam Ali and the establishment of social psychology and its research fields Dr. Raheem Alseedy...................................................................... 473 Imam Ali in history Sheikh Mohamed Mahdi Shamsadeen.......................................... 509 The Imam in the face of history .................................................... 510 History in the fields of politics and thought.................................. 516 History in the field of politics........................................................ 518 History in the field of thought ....................................................... 565 The aesthetic interaction in the Shaqshaqi speech Dr. Sahar Hadi Said Subbar........................................................... 616


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Predicting subsequent events in the speeches and tradition of Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Amar Aboedi Nassar ............................................................... 634 The eloquence of Al Ghadir between the title of the text and the start of the verse (a Qur’anic analytical introduction) Dr. Abas Amir................................................................................ 653 The avoidance by some historians of the Ghadir Khum subject Dr. Khalil Hassan Alzarkani.......................................................... 664 The impact of Imam Ali (pbuh) in administering the Islamic state after the death of the Prophet Dr. Hussain Ali Alsharhani ........................................................... 679 The Ziyara (prayer) of Al Ghadir day – a evidential study. The Ziyara of Imam Ali, as narrated by Imam Ali ben Mohammed Al Hadi as an example Dr. Mortada Abd Alnabi Ali Assawi ............................................ 702 The material and spiritual dimension in Nahj Al Balalgha Mahmoed Mohamed Hussain ....................................................... 720 An analysis of the Qur’anic verses related to the Ghadir Incident Dr. Hashem Fawzi Alabady and dr. Ali Razaq Alabadi .............. 753

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The appointment of the Imam and the circumstances of the divine message Ayatullah Sheikh Jafar Alsubhani ...............................................11 System of rights in the charter of Al Ashtar Dr.Ayad Mohamed Ali Alarnaoeti ..............................................18 The concepts of Al Ghadir between the Holy Quran and the Nubda prayer Ahmed Jasem Thany ...................................................................39 The missives of Imam Ali (a structural and analytical study) Ahoed Thu'baan Jusef Alasady ...................................................46 Statement of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the expression of worship in Nahj Al Balagha Dr. Ahmed Ashru Juaaz ..............................................................98 The unity of the self between The Prophet (pbuh) and Imam Ali (pbuh) Abbas Ali al-Moussawi .............................................................120 The impact of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) on the methods of Imam Ali: his charter to Malik Al Ashtar as a model Dr. Noeri Kadhum Alsaaidy................................................. 127


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Literature dialogue inspired by the Ghadir event and memories of the religious gatherings Dr. Usama Rashid Assafaar.......................................................146 The secret of linguistic creativity of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Abas Ali Alfahaam..............................................................153 Grammatical structures in the ‘Ghadeer Ghum’ speech Dr. Hasan Abd Almajeed Abas AlShaer ...................................158 Astronomical and cosmic materials in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh): health care in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mohamed Hussain Alwaseety and dr. Atta Salman Salem....168 Abd Alamir Almoemen .............................................................179 Chapter 1: Creation of the universe and it’s demise.................183

Chapter 2: Sky of the universe ..................................................192

Chapter 3: Universal gravity .....................................................198

Chapter 4: The stars and galaxies..............................................204

Chapter 5: Mother sun ...............................................................212

Chapter 6: The Earths’ moon ....................................................219

Chapter 7: The earth ..................................................................225

Chapter 8: Planets of the solar system.......................................232

Chapter 9: Devine meteors ........................................................238 Human dimensions in the charter delivered by Imam Ali (pbuh) to Malik Al Ashtar Dr. Abd Al-Kadhum Muhsen Al-Jassery ..................................243 'The other' in speeches of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Bashaar Nadeem Ahmed AlPachachi .................................255


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Imam Ali (pbuh) and the art of dealing with people Dr. Razaq Abd Alamir Mahdi and Dr. Suhad Kadhum Almusawi...................................................257 Imam Ali (pbuh) in the human heritage Dr. Hassan Azzain .....................................................................288 Imam Ali; the miracle of Islam Sheikh Mohamed Rida Almuzafar..............................................297 Imam Ali and democracy Sheikh Abd Alhussain Sadeq......................................................299 The sense of security by Imam Ali (pbuh) and its role in the delivery of Abi Dharr to the Prophet (pbut) Dr. Mostafa Aloeth ........................................................................ 307 Presence in Absence: a comparative study of the movement s of Imam Ali and Imam Mahdi (pbut) Dr. Amjad Hameed Abdullah Fadil ..........................................309 The Ashbah poem by Al Mufjaa Al Basri (D. 327 H.) Dr. Hasan Abd Awda Alghaqani and Dr. Hussain Abd Hussain Alwateefy ..........................................329 Imam Ali (pbuh) in the narratives of Abi Dharr Alghafary Dr. Jabar Mohamed Hashem Almussawi and dr. Amal Suhail Abd Alhussaini...................................................................................348 Imam Ali (pbuh) an inexhaustible stream. Abd Alhussain Alghazaii...........................................................365


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Lingual thinking and religious consciousness of Imam Ali as a model Dr. Mohamed Kadhum Albaka’ .................................................384 Algahdeer between two theories Sayyid Sadr Aldeen Alqabbanji ................................................389 Social justice in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) (methodology and application) Dr. Sami Jawdeh Azzaydi and dr. Haidar Hussain Jaloed........399 Legal and linguistic signs in the speech of Imam Ali (pbuh) (from Lisan Al Arab) Dr. Hussain Hatem Hussain and dr. Jacob Hasan Abd .............412 Economic development and Imam Ali (pbuh) Alla Faleh Aal Ghalf .................................................................425 The established content of the book of Ali (pbuh) Dr. Wafqaan Muhsen Ghudair AlKa'abi ...................................457 Physical Understandings in the heritage of Imam (pbuh) (the concept of "relativity" in the Quran and Nahj Al Balagha Hussain Abed Alfuraiyi .............................................................493 The real value of power in the divine way, in the light of the dealings of the Imam with power Ali Altimimi ..............................................................................519 Sufi mysticism in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) the savior of the mystics Ahmadu Bimba ibn Sayyar .......................................................531


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Al Ghadir in Persian mystical poetry (the book ‘Mathnawi’ by Jalal eddin Arrumi as an example) Dr. Ali Mujid Albadri................................................................534 Al Ghadir event embodied in the Quran Kadhum Alhussaini Althabhawi ...............................................543 A model for educational dimensions in the Imamate of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Alaa Ibrahim Razuqi Almusawi..........................................551 The importance of prayers of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (as) (stylistic and grammatical study) Mohamed Ismail Abd Allah Said Aal Bedeer...........................605 A model for the Imamate and political rights of minorities (Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Ghawla Mahdi Shakir Aljaraah...........................................634 The preaching interpretation of verses of the Quran in Nahj Al Balagha Dr. Hasan Kareem Majid Alrubaiy ...........................................652 The war between Imam Ali (as) and Muaweeya in Nahj Al Balagha Hasan Abd Alamir Abd Alsahib Aldhaleemy...........................660 Dr. Uday Jawad AlHajar Chapter 1: The Caliphate of Imam Ali.......................................... 661 Chapter 2: Preparation for war ...................................................... 665 Chapter 3: Starting with war and ending with arbitration ............ 667 The interpretary connotations of the examples in Nahj Al Balagah Uday Jawad AlHajar...................................................................... 672


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The role of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) and his disciples in pioneering the first school of the Holy Quran and Hadith Dr. Muhanad Abd Alrida Hamdan Alkanzawi and Dr. Awad Kadhum Lefteh Algaz .................................................. 687 The impact of Nahj Al Balagha in Quranic interpretation Dr. Najim Alfahaam ................................................................. 697 From the phonetic values in Nahj Al Balagha Dr. Tahseen Fadhel Abas ..........................................................720 Philosophy of the provisions of crimes and social ills in Nahj Al Balagha Dr. Hameed Suraaj Jaber...........................................................744 Semiotics of meditation in Nahj Al Balagha between imaging and signaling Dr. Abd Alhussain Abd Alridda Alumri ...................................752 The experience of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) in reforming state and society Raad Aldagheely........................................................................767 Imam Ali (pbuh); door of wisdom Dr. Iman Salem Hamoody Alghafadhji.....................................771 Poem by Sayyed Abbas Subbar.................................................795 Poem by Ma’an Said Al-Touraihi .............................................798 Poem by Ghalib Al-Nahy ..........................................................799

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The cultural legacy in Nahj Albalagha: transition and transformation Dr. Kadhum Fagher Hajem and Dr. Sattar Kasem Abd Allah........................................................11 Nahj Albalagha and its religious, scholarly and literary significance: (contemporary readings) Dr. Nima Dahsh Farhan Atta'ai ...................................................51 The engineering and reengineering of society between Nahj Albalagha and modern thought Dr. Hameed Adam Thaweeny .....................................................70 Glimpses of social policy in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Hashem Hussain Nasr Almhanak..........................................88 The status of Imam Ali (may God bless his face) among the House of the Prophet (pbuh) Zainab Mohamed Hussain.........................................................120 The linguistic usage and expansion of expression in Nahj Albalagha Abdallah Hafidy Alhassani .......................................133 Sheikh dr. Ryad Kareem Abdallah Albudairi ...........................139 Educational lessons from Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Jawad Alhakeem ...................................193


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The preaches in Nahj Albalagha (a communicative study): the Imamate and communication Mohamed Assayed Jasem..........................................................224 The artistic study of preaching Fatin Fadhel Kadhum Alobeidi .................................................283 Mohamed Jawad Albayati .........................................................298 The adages and teachings of Imam Ali (pbuh) : a study from the exegeses of Nahj Albalagha until the end of the seventh century H. Dr. Qasem Ghalf Mashaary Alsukayni .....................................314 The Hillite poetry in expressing allegiance to Imam Ali (pbuh) Alghadir as a model Dr. Sa'ad Alhadad......................................................................336 Alghadir in Islamic heritage Sa'ad Majid Abd Alhussain .......................................................359 The highest of models: Alghadir… a Qur'anic vision Dr. Khalil Ghalf Bashir .............................................................370 The Alawite values in the heart of the Shia religious authorities Dr. Abas Jafar Alimami.............................................................381 Moral standards in the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sheikh Habeeb Alghabaz ..........................................................390


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The indicative evidence for the righteousness of Alghadir call of allegiance in Qur'anic expression (a reading through speech analysis) Dr. Syrwan Abd Azzahra Aljinaaby..........................................410 The educative values in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh): his testament to his sun Al Hassan (pbuh) as a model Dr. Haidar Jaber Kadhem Almusawi and dr. Aqeel Rasheed Abd Asshaheel Alasady.............................................................432 Reason and reasonability in the words of the Imam Ali (pbuh) Ghufraan Kamil Kareem ...........................................................455 The Qur'anic text in the tradition of Ahlul Bayt (pbut); Imam Ali (pbuh) as a model Dr. Ali Abu Turaab Al'araji.......................................................458 Unique letters: The plentiful talents in the virtues of Haidar Al Karrar by Sayyed Mohammed ben Hussein Al Jafri (1168-1149 C.E.) (1772-1736 H.) Edited by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ......................................482 Exegetic examples in the light of Qur'anic verses supporting the Alawite allegiance Dr. Nidhal Hansh Alsaaidy........................................................497 The Alghadir allegiance in Andalusian poetry Dr. Hasheemya Hamid Jafar......................................................511 Ali (pbuh): the human legacy Sheikh Hasan Albaghdadi Alalamy ..........................................531


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Adages of Imam Ali (pbuh) that have become common proverbs in Arabic and Islamic legacy Dr. Hasan Taher Malham ..........................................................540 Humanism in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sheikh dr. Hasan Kareem Majid Alrubaiy ................................566 Alghadir in the tradition of the Prophet Hussain Rashk Ghudair .............................................................579 The economic way in Nahj Albalagha (a contemporary reading) Dr. Haider Abd Almutlib Albaka'a............................................586 The signs of eloquence in the Al Muttaqin speech and its textual influence Tahseen Gazi Abd Alamir Albaldawi .......................................616 A view of the characteristics of the educative methodology of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sheikh Ghaled Alnumany..........................................................621 The speech of prophet (a.s.) on Alghadir day: a technical study in pilgrims’ methods Dr. Mortada Abd Annaby Ali Alsahwy ....................................630 The praise of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the poetry of Sheikh Ali Al Jishi Dr. Hussein Lafteh Hafez ..........................................................645 The character of Imam Ali (pbuh) and its presence in the poetry of Jaafar Al Hilli Dr. Hussein Lafteh Hafez ..........................................................657


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The choices of Nahj Albalagha: the thought and basis Dr. Abas Ali Alfahaam..............................................................672 With Al Alusi and his interpretation of the Al Tabligh verse Sheikh Najim Abd Alrida Aldaraji............................................692 The judicial organization in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Zainab Shakir Mahdi Alwaasity..........................................703 Fate and destiny in the words of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Razaaq Alurbawy Almusawi...............................................721 The historical destiny of Imam Ali (pbuh) in Islamic sects Dr. Maytham Aljinabi ...............................................................741 The role of Imam Ali in building civilized values Dr. Abd Ali Sfeeh and dr. Abas Jafar Alimami ........................751 Woman in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Mayaaseh Mahdi Shabe.............................................................757 The method of attracting and warning inof Imam Ali(pbuh) to Malik al Ashtar charter Dr. Abd Alkhadem Muhsen Alyassiry ......................................788 Poem by Sheikh Jafar Alhilali ...................................................795 Poem by Fareed Annimr............................................................798

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The characteristics of the Alawite rhetoric, between protest literature and the morality of the ruler Sheikh Munir Sadek Alkadimi ....................................................17 The Prophet and the Imam; a brotherhood in life and destiny Mundir Jawad Mirza....................................................................33 The Ghadiri poem of Ka’ab bin Zuheir in praising Imam Ali (pbuh) – a critical methodological approach Adel Abas Hweedy and Aqeel Jasem Dahsh ..............................34 The traits of the Alawite character in Andalusian literary perspective Dr. Safa Abdallah Barhan and Ghatem Rasheed Arradwi..........85 The view of Imam Ali toward three astronomical theories Ghatem Rashid Arradwi ..............................................................58 Imam Ali (pbuh) and management psychology Jujil Abd Alhussain Fares............................................................80 The steadfastness of moral virtues in the legacy of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mahdi Hussain Altimimi.....................................................101 The Hussein holy shrine ............................................................113 Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh): his personal and scholarly life Dr. Hashem Abd Jaseen and dr. Abd Arrahman Ibrahim Hamd..........................................................................................125


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Alghadir in Islamic doctrine Hasan Abd Alhussain Allawati .................................................140 The dialectic of the Alawite allegiance in the context of Al Maida Quranic sura Dr. Ibtissam Assayed Abd Alkareem Almadany ......................143 Alghadir in Arabic literature Sidi Hen .....................................................................................158 The literary image in the conflict between the self and the opponent in the thought of Imam Ali Dr. Shubbar Azzahiri.................................................................162 The Ghadiri poem of the Sheikh Al Hurr Al Amili in praising Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Adnan Kadhum Mahdi Su'ubaan and dr. Sadeq Fawzi Annaji ........................................................................................186 Alghadir in the memory of Najafi authors Dr. Sabaah Nuri Almarzoek ......................................................206 The influence of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) in Islamic legislation and thought Sheikh Tah Hafez Ghamies .......................................................211 The eloquence of forward and backward displacement in the Ashbah speech by Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Abd Alhadi Abd Arrahman Ashawy...................................226 The educative method of Imam Ali (pbuh): testament to his son Al Hassan as a model Mohamed Ayaad Jawad Hibah Addeen Alhussaini and Ala'a Akaab Khalf...............................................................................242


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Arithmetic in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Jawad Alhakeem ...................................252 The Alghadir day Ahsan Khadum Alfatal ..............................................................260 Ali, the gate of science Mohamed Misbaah Ajwaly .......................................................268 The testament of the Prophet (a.s) to Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh): a study in the narratives of the followers of the companions school Dr. Ali Saleh Rasn Almahdawi .................................................269 In the light of Alghadir’s sun: leadership and suffering: a reading in the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sayyid Ali Makky Alhaboeshy Alalamy...................................310 Contemplations in the meaning of Qur'anic eloquence and a view of some of the opinions of the interpreters of the Balagh Shaykh Ibrahim Alalamy verse .................................................319 The methods of the dissidents in hiding and concealing the virtues of Imam Ali (pbuh) Ghadir Kham as a model Sheikh Rasul Kazem Abd Assadeh ...........................................384 The status of Ahlul Beit through Nahj Albalagha Dr. Raed Hamoed Alhussoena and dr. Kazem Abd Alghaffaji...................................................................................400 Alghadir Mosque: the religious acts to be performed in it and its status Dr. Wafqaan Ghudair Muhsin Alk'abi ......................................431


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The Alawite contributions to human rights Mohamed Rida Alhussaini ........................................................448 Alghadeer event and its significance in Islamic thought Mujahid Munathir Munshid ......................................................471 Education and the educative construction in the thought of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Sheikh Laith Abd Alhussain Alatabi.........................................494 How did Ibn Abi Talib (pbuh) grasp the laws of the universe? George Jirdaq.............................................................................505 Why did we follow Ali (pbuh) as an Imam Ra'ad Aldagheely.......................................................................508 The judiciary of Imam Ali (pbuh): the first court of cassation in Islam Sheikh Mustafa Mals.................................................................518 Ali as described by Ali Dr. Fares Hasan Muhsin Alsultani ............................................533 The fundamental rules in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Wafqaan Gudair Muhsin Alka'abi.......................................550 Ghadir Khum: the doctrine and history of vocational engineering Sayyid Hasan Alghalfeya ..........................................................563 Alghadir day in Alkadhimi’s poetry: a reading in the Ghadiri poems of Sheikh Kadhim Al Nuh Sheikh Imad Alkazimi ...............................................................568


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A Ghadiri treatise Sayyed Hibat Al Din Al Husseini Al Shahrestani Research and editing by Skheikh Imamd Alkazimi ..................601 The allegiance to the Imam as the primary pillar after the two Shahada’s in the faith of the monotheistic Druze Sheikh Mursil Nasr....................................................................635 Visions of the word in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh): Algharra’ speech (a practical model) Dr. Ali Shakir Alfatlawi ............................................................644 Ali has a higher claim on me than myself Laith Fadhel Alwa'ily ................................................................652 Ali the hero Sheikh Ala'a Addeen Gharufa ...................................................660 The connection between Alghadir and Quran Mohamed Rida Addaksin ..........................................................664 Who honored whom: a comparative study between the representative of God and the House of God Shaikh Uday Alkazimi ..............................................................675 Alghadir: the text of legitimacy and the distortion of historical writings; dr. Abd Alamir Kazem Zahed....................689 The utility of celebrating Alghadir day Saleh Bin Bakar Alsiba'ay .........................................................695 Imam Ali’s (pbuh) method of dialogue with the other: the Shaqshaqiya speech Dr. Mohamed Fahad Alqaisy ....................................................700


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Eliciting lessons form the life of the master of men and his cousin Ali: a contemporary reading of the virtues of tolerance and their effectiveness (their suitability to rebuild Iraq) Dr. Maher Jabbar Alkhaleely ....................................................712 Ali, the Emir of the faithful Izzedin Aal Yassin.....................................................................730 Alghadir day: the shining star in Islamic history Jusef Salman Kuba ....................................................................733 AlGhadeer day Sayyid Sadr Addeen Sharf Addeen ...........................................736 The attention given by writers to Alghadir day Ali Alghaqani ............................................................................736 The murder of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Abd Alhady Almughtaar ...........................................................742 The supreme example: Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Mohamed Alhussain..................................................................747 The Ghadiri poem by Al Kadhimi Abd Alqadr Rasheed Alnasiry...................................................748 The Great School and Imam Ali (pbuh) Mohamed Ali Kamal Addin ......................................................751 The memory of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mohamed Aleed ..................................................................753


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Did Aqil abandon his brother Ali? (pbuh) Abu Firas ...................................................................................756 Aqil bin Abi Talib goes to Muawiya Sayyid Jaffar Mortada Alalami .................................................758 The Maulud day Sheikh Muhsen Muzzafar..........................................................774 Alghadir day: its virtues and its preferable prayers Hans Hassan Mohamed Said Katib ...........................................781 The day of Alghadir Shakir Haidar.............................................................................794 A letter to Imam Ali Mahmoed Alhaboeby ................................................................794 He is the great news...................................................................794 Alghadeer, our eternal day Saleh Aldalimy ..........................................................................795 The story of Alghadir Kamel Sulayman........................................................................797 O, wounds of the successor! Mudhir Utaymish.......................................................................799

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Alawite poems of praise: Ibn Yamin Alfariwamdi and his Alawite poetry Fata Alkufa......................................................................................... 5 The social issues in Nahj Albalaghah Abdu Hasan Azzayaat .................................................................17 The father and grandfather of Imam Ali: the protectors of creed and virtues and the servants of goodnesss Ghaled Mohamed Khaled............................................................34 Imam Ali (pbuh): the fort of man and democracy Jaleel Kamaal Aldeen ..................................................................45 A comment on the previous article Dr. Nuri Jafar ................................................................................... 66 The story on how Ali (pbuh) climbed on the Prophet’s shoulders, in the narratives of the keepers of Quran and Hadith and what they corrected in the story The Mawsem Enclyclopedia .......................................................69 Imam Ali’s (pbuh) fundaments of justice and moderation Sayyid Mohamed Sadiq Alkhirsaan ............................................73 The educative role of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Said Ismail Ali.......................................................................90


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Imam Ali (pbuh), the next witness to the message Sayyed Adnan Albaka’a ............................................................119 The position of Imam Ali vis-à-vis women Dr. Kareem Ashtaar...................................................................127 Leadership, a word in Imam Ali’s (pbuh) dictionary, according to the difference of languages Dr. Asad Ali...............................................................................135 Ali bin Abi Talib, and the grand creation George Gardaq...........................................................................152 The position of Ali in the Islamic state Dr. Ahmed Lawsany..................................................................165 The way of Ali in the Holy Quran, between the legacy of recitation and the narrative interpretation; Dr. Qateh Haar Allah Sattam.....................................................183 The narrative of the virtues of Imam Ali and the factors that influence it Dr. Ghatem Rahi Mizhir Alhasnawi..........................................209 The universal power of Imam Ali (pbuh) and its educative effects in human society Alaa Ibrahim Zarroeqi Almusawi..............................................301 The pioneering role of Imam Ali (pbuh) in liberalizing the monetary system of the Islamic state Dr. Jawad Kazem Nasrallah ......................................................334


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The sayings of Imam Ali (pbuh) in washing the body of the Prophet (a.s.) and his burial (an interpretative reading) Dr. Hakem Habeeb Alkareety ...................................................377 Twelve virtues and treats unique to Imam Ali Dr. Ali Saleh Rasn Almahdawi..................................................... 397 The alms of Imam Ali (pbuh); dr. Mohamed Hussein Hassan Alfalahy.........................................................................436 The text of the Shaqshaqiya speech in light of modern theories (a certainty in creation and a fact in the heart) Sabaah Abas Annur ...................................................................449 The contributions of Ahlul Beit (pbut) and their descendants the holy Imams in keeping and narrating the virtues of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Ghatem Rahy Mazhar Alhasnawy ......................................479 Al Sayyida Al Zahraa (5 after the message – 11 H / 613-632 C.E.) .............................482 Imam Ali bin Abi talib (10 before the message – 40 H / 599 - 660 C.E.) ......................488 The Imam the grandson of the Prophet, Al Hassan bin Ali (3H - 50 H /624 - 670 C.E.).......................................................498 Imam the grandson of the Prophet Al Hussein bin Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) (4H-61 H /625 - 680 C.E.) ....................................................................503 Imam Ali bin Al Hussein Zainul Abidin (pbuh) (38 H - 95 H / 658 - 713 C.E.)...................................................510


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Imam Mohammed bin Ali Al Baqir (57-114 H /676-732 C.E.)..........................................................519 Imam Jafar ben Mohammed Al Sadiq (pbuh) (83-148 H /702-765 C.E.)..........................................................528 The Imam Musa bin Jafar Al Kadhim (128-183 H / 745-799 C.E.).......................................................537 Imam Ali bin Musa Al Ridha (148-203 H/ 765-818 C.E.) .......................................................542 Imam Mohammed ben Ali Al Jawad (195-220 H / 810-835 C.E.).......................................................555 Imam Ali ben Mohammed Al Hadi (212-254 H / 827-868 C.E.).......................................................558 Imam Al Hassan bin Ali Al Askari (232-260 H / 846-873 C.E.).......................................................567 Imam Al Hujja Mohammed Al Mahdi bin Al Hassan (255 H / 868 C.E.) .....................................................................572 Biology in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Wala’a Sadeq Mihsen Alasadi ............................................591 The war rhetoric of Imam Ali (pbuh): the plot as a model Dr. Hasan Mandeel Hasan and dr. Amira Abd Alwahed..........600 Science of statements of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Fatima Haider Ali................................................................624


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Imam Ali (pbuh) and the effectiveness of conviction Dr. Mohamed Qasem Lueibi .....................................................639 Ali and political mores: a study in the political principles of political thought Dr. Mohamed Nena’a ................................................................662 Imam Ali’s fundaments of the holy-message-based leadership Haider Mohamed Hanaa’ Hameed ............................................676 Linguistic approaches in Nahj Albalagha: (words for clothing and its accessories as examples) Dr. Husaam Adnan Alyasery.....................................................688 Alghadir Sayyed Mohamed Jamal Alhashemy.........................................757 The story of Alghadir Mohamed Hussain Almuhtasr ...................................................761 O, month of fasting! In you has Islam suffered Sheikh Abd Almunim Alfartosi ................................................762 Alghadariyya Jameel Ahmed Alkazimi ...........................................................763 The policy of Imam Ali (pbuh) Abd Alghany Alhaboby.............................................................765 O Eid Alhaboby ...................................................................................767


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The lights of Alghadir Sayyid Abas Shubar ..................................................................796 The memory of Alghadir Sheikh Abd Alhussain Alhaweezy ............................................773 Ali, the Eden of paradise Shaikh Mohamed Hussain Kaaseh Alghatta .............................775 Ali and Muawiya Sheikh Sulaiman Althaher.........................................................776 Ghadir of Ali Sheikh Mohamed Hasan Aal Yassin .........................................778 Alghadir day Sheikh Mohamed Hussein Alasfahani Alnajafi ........................779 On the banks of Alghadir Sheikh Abd Alhameed Assamawi.............................................780 The greatest hero of Islam Dr. Mustafa Jawad.....................................................................782 O Ali! Ghaleb Alnahi............................................................................784 The procession of Alghadir Hasan Alghaleefa.......................................................................785 A harp marching towards immortality Hashem Ahmed Habeeb Alhashem...........................................785


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Ali, the pillar of guidance Moahmed Ali Aal Tawfeeq .......................................................788 Alghadir: the tune of immortality Mohamed Tawfeeq....................................................................789 Invocations on the banks of Alghadir Amir Bin Hasan Saleh ...............................................................791 The allegiance of Alghadir Badr Assabeeb ...........................................................................792 A thought on the Alawite birth Said Jafar Aal Ibrahim...............................................................794 Alghadir day Hasehm Sayyed Hussain Almussawi ........................................795 You have in my heart a nest of Jasmine flowers Hasem Sayyed Hussain Almuasawi ..........................................797 A birth full of joy Hashem Sayyed Hussain Almusawi..........................................789 Ghadir Khum Dr. Abd Alhassan Jadoe Abd Alaboedy....................................799 In the welcoming grounds of Alghadir Sayyed Hashem Alshaghs .........................................................800

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Table of contents Volume 6

The rare words in Nahj Albalagha (an indicative approach) Dr. Abd Ali Hassan Naoer Aljaamsi ...........................................11 Human development in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh): the economic development as an example Dr. Haidar Jabir Kadhum Almusawi and dr. Aqeel Rasheed Alassadi .......................................................................................52 Economic reform of Imam Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh): Al Kharaj (Islamic agricultural tax) and economic suffiency as examples Dr. Khalif Aboed Al-Taái............................................................79 Imam Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh): ‘an exquisite life, an intellectual creativity and a lessons-filled history’ Dr. Aida Mohamed Al-Jbory.....................................................100 The study of metaphors (a semantic and aesthetic study) Dr. Khaled Kadhum Hamidi......................................................120 Economic psychology between Nahj Albalagha and modern thinking Dr. Hashim Hussain Nasr Almahnak ........................................177 The literary aesthetic embellishments in the mirror of Nahj Albalagha Marjam Jalladi Najad...............................................187


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Argumentativness in war rhetoric: the speeches of the Emir of the Believers as examples Dr. Ali Umraan..........................................................................216 The ethical complementation in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Yihya Ramzi Mohsen..........................................................239 Dialogue in the speech of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Anisa Ghaz Ali ....................................................................253 Alliteration in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Mahyn Haji Zadeh and dr. Raqia Saadqi Niri.....................267 The alliteration phenomenon in the speeches of Imam Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh) and his letters: a study in eloquence Dr. Hussain Abd Alaal Allahibi ................................................280 The influence of the ethical concepts of Nahj Albalagha in Persian literature Dr. Sayyid Mohamd Radi Mastoefy Nia, dr. Rasul Dahqan Dhaad............................................................294 The influence of Nahj Albalagha in the poetry of Naser Khisro: a study in the levels of literary expression Dr. Ali Majid Albadri ................................................................313 The indicative dominant in the speech of the ‘ghosts’ in Nahj Albalagha: a study in the uniqueness of terms in the context of describing angels Dr. Mohamd Jafar Alaridi .........................................................322


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The vocal structure (range and density) in the Alawi speech in Nahj Albalagha (the returning of greetings to God) Dr. Arshad Alsheikh Ali Albahaadly ........................................330 Medicine and public health in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Yahya Kadhum Alsultani ....................................................349 Interpreting the text of Nahj Albalagha in three explanations Dr. Hamed Nasir Aldhalimy and dr. Murtaza Abas Falih ........359 The narrative rhetoric in Nahj Albalagha: the rhetoric of the Self and the Other as an example Dr. Sawsan Albayati ..................................................................376 Peace and humane co-existence from the point of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Mohamed Adibi Mihr and dr. Yed Allah Mallairi..............384 Time in Nahj Albalagha: a study in psychological, social, material and biological time in the thought of Imam Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Ali Shakir Alfatlawi ............................................................390 Measurement and interactions of text elements : a study of analogies discourse (the Al-Gharaa’ speech as an example) Islaam Faroeq Isa.......................................................................400 Sayyed Abdul Zahraa Al Khateeb and his efforts to study the sources and references of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Abd Alkarim Al-Araji .........................................................426


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The eloquence of gratitude and praise (to God) in the literature of granftather and grandson: Nahj Albalagha by Imam Ali bin abi Talib and the Sahifa Sajjadiya by Imam Ali bin Al Hussein (pbut) Dr. Hamida Salih Albaldawi .....................................................436 The dimensions of the audio and rhythmic images in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Shuruq Mohsin Kati’ Alta’i.................................................452 The study of researchmethods in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Kubri Roshnafkar ................................................................475 The educative and ethical aspects of the charter of Imam Ali (pbuh) to Malik Al Ashtar Dr. Salih Jabar Alsharqi ............................................................482 The anthologies of Nahj Albalaga: the anthology of Misbah Al Salikin (as an example) by Sheikh Maitham bin Ali Al Bahrani (1238 H- 1299 H) Dr. Sahi Mohamed Hussain Nassar...........................................499 The impact of selected sayings from Nahj Albalagha in expressive performance and the development of creative thinking Dr. Shukri Izzadin Mohsen........................................................513 The literature of supplication in Nahj Albalagha: (an indicative study) Dr. Hanaa Abd Alrida Rahim Alrubaiy and dr. Mortaza Abas Faleh Alsalmi ...................................................................537


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An analytical study on the supplications of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mirjam Abd Alhussain and Haidar Mahmoed....................576 The companions of Imam Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh) in Nahj Albalagha (Malik Al Ashtar as an example) Dr. Wajdaan Fariq Annaad........................................................584 The Semantic impact of the sounds in the language of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib’s (pbuh) messages in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Abd Alkadhum Mohsen Aljasiri .........................................603 The intellectual influence in distinguishing keepers of the prophetic tradition through Nahj Albalagha Dr. Hasan Kadhum Asad...........................................................617 The composite structures of the adages of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Razaq Abd Alamir Mahdi Altayaar ....................................637 The grand structure of the text: the speeches 11, 66 and 124 from Nahj Albalagha as examples, dr. Mujib Sa’ad .................648 Social and political justice in the charter of Imam Ali (pbuh) to Malik Al Ashtar Dr. Dar Ghaam Abu Kulal.........................................................667 The terms Tib (scent) and Itr (perfume) and other related terms in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Husaam Adnan Rahim ........................................................684 The historical thinking of Imam Ali (pbuh) in Nahj Albalagha (a study in the dimensions of history) Dr. Alsheikh Hasan Alrubaiy ....................................................695


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A physiological analysis of the physical strength of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Yasir Alshama’a, dr. Abas Ali Alfahaam ...........................721 Future in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Rahim Alsaidi......................................................................732 Historical preaching in the speeches of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Alaa Jabr Almusawi ............................................................749 The aesthetics of contrasting style in the missives and letters of Imam Ali to Muawiya: a reading in indicative structure, Khaled Lafta Baqir ....................................................................755 The Alawite poems of Hussein bin Hajj Hassan Al Jami’ (God have mercy on his soul): “O father of the Umma: commemorating the martyrdom of Imam Ali (pbuh)” (an anthology of poems by the poet Hussen Al Jami’ from Qatif in Saudi Arabia).........................................................................766

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The study of omission as an element of harmony in the speeches of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ali Rida Nadhri and dr. Narjis Ansari ....................................9 The modern administrative concepts in the methods of the Holy Household Dr. Muaiad Alfadhl .....................................................................24 Structural phenomena in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Jinan Mohamed Mahdi..........................................................32 Glimpses of the educative approach of Imam Ali (pbuh) Alsheikh dr. John Hanun Ali Alitabi...........................................43 An introduction to the case system of Nahj Albalagha and the explanation of its meanings Dr. Zuhair Ghazi Zahed...............................................................53 The artistic image in the book of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ahmed bin Alqasem Jafari....................................................77 Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) in Jewish encyclopaedia Dr. Sattar Alfatlawi......................................................................87 Time awareness Dr. Abd Alhussain Alamri.........................................................102


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The production of the linguistic indicative in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Mohamed Hasan Masoemi and dr. Sayyid Akbar Ghadnafry ..................................................................................112 Infatuation in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Haasmia Hamid Jafar ..........................................................122 The financial policy of the Imam (pbuh) from Nahj Albalagha: examples in legislation and application Assayid Ali Mahmoed Alba’aj..................................................137 A study on Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ali Mahdi Zaitun.................................................................163 The traces of the prophetic tradition in Nahj Albalagha: an analytical study of holy narratives Dr. Wafqaan Khudair Mohsen Alka’abi ...................................173 The structure of psychological speech in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Karim Hussain Nasih Alkhalidi ..........................................195 The significance of thetaksir plural in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Faisal Muftin Allaamy and dr. Abas Ismael Silaan ............229 A study on Nahj Albalagha Dr. Maithan Mahdi Salih Alhamami and dr. Abbas Ali Fahaam.......................................................................................258 A study on Nahj Albalagha Dr. Sabah Abbas Annur and dr. Hawra’a Mahdi Alkufi...........270


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The ethics of justice in the charter given by the Emir of the Believers Ali bin abi Talib (pbuh) to Al Ashtar Al Nakha’i Dr. Hashim Hussain Nasir Almuhanak .....................................278 Between religious and arbitrary rhetorics (a reading in the speech of the Emir of the Believers (the Al Qasi’a speech)) Alsheikh Munir Sadiq Najim Alkhadimi ..................................326 Philosophy of the prophecy and dimensions of the social life of prophets in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Hamid Saraaj Jabir ..............................................................328 The techniques of argumentation in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Muied Aal Sawinet..............................................................349 The use of the word ‘Innama’ in the speeches of Nahj Albalagha and its educative significance Fatima Akbari Zadeh.................................................................361 The dialectic of text and appointment in the construction of the concept of tolerance as a value system of Imam Ali (pbuh) in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Abbas Fadhil Aldulaimi ......................................................376 A study on Nahj Albalagha Dr. Afrin Zari and dr. Nadia Daadbur .......................................397 The speech of Imam Ali (pbuh) on the meaning of doubt (an alaytical study) Dr. Sukaina Hussain Khadum Taaj Aldin .................................418


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The Shaqshaqiya speech: a linguistic stylistic analysis Dr. Hussain Muhsini..................................................................433 The creation of the universe and man in Nahj Albalagha Zafir Sattar Hamid Bilal ............................................................442 The study of shared content between Nahj Albalagha and the poetry of Hafiz Dr. Aameh Musawi Shajari .......................................................469 The explanation of the international charter of Imam Ali (pbuh) to his governorn on Egypt Malik Al Ashtar Alsheikh Baqir Sharif Alquraishi ..............................................485 The universality of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) and his enlightened thinking Dr. Mohamed Abd Ali Alhussain Alqazaaz..............................505 A scent of Nahj Albalagha Shadha Jabar Amraan ................................................................521 The relation of Imam Ali with his brother Aqeel seen through Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ali Salih Rasn Almahdawi..................................................537 The educative glimpses in Nahj Albalagha. The testament of the Emir of the Beleivers (pbuh) to his son Imam Hassan (pbuh) as a model Alsheikh Imad Alkhadimi .........................................................577


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The administrative policy of Imam Ali (pbuh): a reading in the charter of governorship to Malik Al Ashtar Dr. Sahim Abu Jnaah.................................................................615 The art of division in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Abas Ali Alfahaam..............................................................628 A reading in the historical origins of some of the rules of the second additional protocol in Islamic practices. A comparison with the attitudes of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Haidar Adham Alta’I...........................................................653 A reading in the charter document and others questions of research about legal concepts in Nahj Albalagha Hamid Ali Ghan.........................................................................668 Nahj Albalagha and its echo in Persian literature (Hafiz Shirzai as a model) Dr. Tiba Shu’baan Saifi .............................................................690 With the language of Imam Ali (pbuh) in his method, dr. Mohamd Ali Ghanawi Taha Hashim Aldulaimi ............................................................709 The concept of (right) in the contextual structure of Imam Ali’s (pbuh) speeches in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Salah Mahdi Alzubaidi........................................................720 Nahj Albalagha in the references of the narrative scholars Dr. Salih Mahdi Abas ................................................................729


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The impact of Nahj Alblagha in Andalusian books (Al Aqd

Al Fareed as a model)

Dr. Hussain Lafta Hafiz.............................................................761

Nahj Albalagha, the model of fine Islamice literature

Dr. Abd Alkarim Ahmed Almahmoed......................................773

In the presence of Ali

Abd Alhussain Hamd ................................................................793

Al Ghadir

Dr. Majid Abd Alhamid Naji.....................................................793

A poem on Imam Ali bin Abi Talib ..........................................794

A poem

Asad Allah Ghalib .....................................................................796

A poem of praise to Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) ................798

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The School of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Sayyid Ali Al-Khamanaei ...........................................................11 That is Ibn Abi Talib Sheikh Abdullah Alghanizi .........................................................15 By the god of Ka’ba: I have won Khalil Rashid ...............................................................................20 The methods of displaying and proving truths and achieving perfection in Nahj Albalagha Sheikh Mohamed Taqqi Jafari.....................................................22 The value of human reasoning and its criticism in the philosophy of Imam Ali (pbuh) and modern philosophy Tawfiq Alfakiky ..........................................................................44 Nahj Albalagha, the haven for tormented humanity Sayyid Hasan Alshirazi ...............................................................58 The Ghadir event and its significance in Islamic thought Sheikh Hasan Abdulsattar ...........................................................68 Why Al Ghadir? Dr. Antoine Bara..........................................................................74


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The Imamate and the authority is a divine given according to competence Dr. Mohamed Mahdi Aljafari .............................82 From the Imam’s (pbuh) intellectual legacy: Ghurar Al Hikam wa durar Al Kalim (the crowns of wisdowm and the jewels of speech) Edited by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ........................................89 The first Arabic Dirham, minted in the reign of the Emir of Beleivers Ali (pbuh) in Basra Dr. Nahiz Abdulrazaq Daftar ......................................................98 The Prophet (pbuh) as described by the Imam Hasan Alhassani ........................................................................101 The text of Al Ghadir: a treatise in its significance in the light of religious and political sociology and historical philosophy Dr. Sheikh Mohamed Shaqir .....................................................105 The beginnings of Ali the Emir of the Believers Mohamed Alaraishi ...................................................................119 The supreme selection in Alawite Sayyeds, by the poet Al Sayyed Mamhmid Ansa bin Al Sayyed Mohammed Al Hijazi Introduction and commentary by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ....................................................................................129 Ali bin Abi Talib: the hero of confrontation Sheikh A’aiz Alqarni .................................................................150


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Human development during the reign of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sheikh Hasan Assafar................................................................156 The image of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the Ghadiriyya poetry of the Isfahan poets Summaya Hasanalayan..............................................................164 Ali (pbuh) the meeting point of thought, imagination and emotion Mansoer Mohamed Sarhan........................................................179 Rights and freedoms from the perspective of Ali bin Abil Talib: a comparison with the Universal Declaration for Human Rights Dr. Mohsen Baqr Alqazwini......................................................183 The method of Imam Ali (pbuh) in rhetoric: the first speech as an example Dr. Abdulhussain Ahmed Alghaffaji.................215 The theory of knowledge in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Salih Nahir Alzalmi.............................................................237 The phonetic indication in Nahj Albaagha Dr. Ramla Khuddair Madhloum................................................253 The prohibited and commended composite linguistic elements in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Hadi Nahr ............................................................................295


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Al Murtadha Ali (pbuh) between praise and allegiance Dr. Mahmud Akam....................................................................309 An introduction to the study of Al Ghadir text Sheikh Mohamed Mahdi Alasfy................................................314 The aspects of textual harmony in Nahj Albalagha: the message of Imam Ali (pbuh) to judge Shuraih as an example Dr. Hadi Sadoen Hanun Alaridi and dr. Abdulhadi Abdulrahman Alshawi...............................................................333 Glimpses of the genius of the Imam and his realism Dr. Mahdi Habuba .....................................................................349 Time and man’s relationship with it in the philosophy of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib Dr. Faruq Rada’aa......................................................................353 Editing ‘Nahj Albalagha’ and suggesting a new methodology Dr. Abdulrahim Hasan...............................................................359 Aspects of Imam Ali’s (pbuh) humanity in the light of his charter to Malik Al Ashtar (an analytical study) Dr. Rahim Karim Alshrify and dr. Hasan Kadhum Asad Alkhaffaji...................................................................................386 Refuting doubts of falsified additions in Nahj Albalagha Sayyid Abdulzahra Alhussaini ..................................................403 Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) in the Ghadir Epic by Paulus Selama Dr. Hashim Nasr Almanhak ......................................................409


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A message to those with reason to know the rights of household of th prophet and the holy book (about loving Ali (pbuh) and allegiance to him) Research by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi .................................433 Ghadir of allegiance: the spring of Islam Sayyid Habib Mohamed Hadi Alsadr .......................................442 Kharidat Aqd Alla’aal fi Altawssul lilnabi bil aal, Tunesian poet Sheikh abi Althanaa Saidi Mahmoed Qabadu Alshrif Alandalusi Research by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi..................................456 The dialectic of self and the other in Alawite thought - Malik Al Ashtar as an example Dr. Safa’a Abdullah Barhan, Ghtem Rashid Alradwi...............465 The tale of Al Ghadir (signiface and dimensions) by Sayyed Mohammed Baqir Al Hakim Dr. Murtaza Abdulnabi Ali Alshawi .........................................479 The approach of Imam Ali (pbuh) in applying justice Dr. Awad Kadhum Alghazi and dr. Sami Jawdeh Alzaidi........498 Problematics in conducting an Islamic reading of women’s issues (woman in Nahj Albalagha as an example) Sheikh Najaf Ali Almirza’y.......................................................511 A companion of the Imam (pbuh), Al Hudhain bin Al Mundhir: his life and what has remained of his poetry Dr. Sa’ad Alhadad .....................................................................522


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The vision of Imam Ali (pbuh) towards the state and interest of the nation in light of religious notions Sayyid Haidar Alawi Najad.......................................................556 The military thought of the Emir of the Beleivers Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Imad Alu Alrubaiy ..................................573 Astronomical solar miracle from the profhet Joshua to Imam Ali (pbuh) (the tale of the return of the sun to Imam Ali (pbuh) and its scenes in Al Madinah and Babylon) Research by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi..................................597 Introduction to the first edition Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................599 The return of the sun to the prophet Joshua (pbuh) Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................600 The return of the sun to Imam Ali (pbuh) Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................606 Who among the memorizers and scholars mentioned the tale of the return of the sun Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................609 The return of the sun in Arabic poetry Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................651 The history of the sun monument Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................666


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Discovered by Imam Ali Dr. Anwar Abdulhaq .................................................................673 Freedom and slavery in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Ghafran Harb .............................................................................675 The humanity of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Abboed Qara........................................................................679 Freedom in the thought of the Emir of Beleivers Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Sheikh Abdulmajid Alasfoer................................687 Imam Ali (pbuh) in the processions of poetry and poets Dr. Haidar Aljaraah ...................................................................691 The global economic crisis (solutions from Nahj Albalagha) Dr. Mohsen Alqazwini ..............................................................708 The principle of Shurain in the methodology of Imam Ali (pbuh): theory and practice Dr. Saed Aljabiri........................................................................717 The justice of the Imam Nazar Haider..............................................................................726 Imam Ali in the the mirror of Arabic and Western thought Mohamed Ali Asper ..................................................................734 The phenomenon of poverty, causes and solutions in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mohamed Jawad Malik Almuftih .......................................745


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Human rights in the commandments of Imam Ali (pbuh) Abdulhakim Alsaloem...............................................................766 The omnipresence of right and social justice in the speeches of Nahj Albalagha Nuri Abdulrazaq Aldaini ...........................................................776 Imam Ali (pbuh) and cosmic parity George Jirdaq.............................................................................782 Glimpses of the state of Imam Ali (pbuh) Ali Alshimmari ..........................................................................786 The allusions of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Sheikh Ahmed Alwaili ........................................................794 The policies of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sayyed Abdulghani Alhabubi....................................................796 The day of allegiance and guidance Dr. Sadiq Mohamed Ali Alyaqoebi...........................................798 I bear witness that Ali is God’s representative Dr. Ra’ad Aldaghili ...................................................................800

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Table of Contents

Volume 9 The ethical values in the legacy of Imam Ali and the holy household (pbut) Sheikh Yousef Mohamed Amro..................................................11 The thoughts, features and traits of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Nur Imad Hassan Al-Mussawi and Sabah Kamel Armoed.........21 The heroism of Ali bin Abi Talib Dr. Zahi Al-Mihsani ....................................................................44 The Imamate and the rights of religious minorities: Imam Ali (pbuh) as a model Dr. Ghawlah Mahdi Shakir Al-Jarah...........................................47 Contextual references and theoretical debates in interpreting the Emir of the Beleivers Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Nadhal Hansh Shbaar Habeeb Assaidy.................................65 Creative thinking of Imam Ali’s (pbuh) judiciary Dr. Yousef Tarek Hussain Al-Aissawi........................................82 Domestic nurture in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Aqeel Rashid Abd Alshaheed Alassadi and dr. Rasha Hussain Abd Alkadhum Al-Rikaaby...........................................97 Nasb and Nawasib (enmity towards Ali and his enemies) in the views of Sunni scholars Sayyid Mahmoed Al-Muqaddas Al-Guraiffy............................115


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The virtue of the Emir of the Believers Ali bin Abi Talib (may God honor his face) Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................169 Al Ghadir: a beginning and an end dr. Razzaq Abd Al-Amir Mahdi Al-Tayyar ..............................177 Imam Ali, that universal Muslim Dr. Bayaan Abied Al-Urayyid...................................................197 Imam Ali in the exegesis of Alusi Najim Abd Alrida Al-Darraji ....................................................206 Social rhetoric in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Khaled Huweir Alshams .....................................................241 Legal reflections in a Treatise on the judiciary by Imam Ali (PBUH) Dr. Abbas Zabboen Al-Aboedy.................................................256 The rhetorical methods of the Emir of the Believers (pbuh) in answering his opponents Dr. Aqeel Jasim Dahsh ..............................................................275 Imam Ali (pbuh), the good example Dr. Zahra Ra’uf Jawad Al-Mussawi Urfah Abbas....................294 The Welaya in the viewing of Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (pbuh), analytical study Dr. Sadiq Fawzi Alabadi ...........................................................313


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The demographic and economic sayings of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Yasshin Al-khalifah.............................................................328 Nahj Albalagha in Quranic mirror Dr. Amro Mussa Basha .............................................................342 Ali and the human justice Khalil Ibrahim Asshawki...........................................................357 On the authenticity of Nahj Albalagha Ayyad Al-Hussaini ....................................................................381 The inclusion of Quranic verses about Imam Ali in the speech of Al Ghadir given by the Prophet (pbuh) Dr. Ahmed Jasim Thani Al-Rikaaby.........................................387 The manners of celebrating the Ghadiri allegiance and its temporal and celebretoray dimensions Dr. Hamid Sraaj Jaber ...............................................................397 The maintainances of freedoms in the the government of Imam Ali (pbuh) Nabil Muhsin.................................................408 The theory of correctional imprisonment in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Ali Sa’ad Umraan..........................................419 Justice as the feature of the general financial policy of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Afif Al-Sandoeq ..................................................................423 Syrian narratives of the Siffin battle: their historical value and the attitudes of historians toward them Dr. Ammar Aboedi Nassar............................................................ 427


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The peace policy of Imam Ali (an analytical study) Dr. Sheikh Abbas Kaashif Al-ghita’a ........................................... 448 Sciences and their significances in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh): (the hidden sciences as an example) Sheikh Ta’h Al-Obeidy ................................................................. 464 The allegiance of Al Ghadir in the poetry of Jabal Amil (the poet Ibrahim bin Yahia Al Amili as a choice) Dr. Hussain Lafta Hafiz and dr. Awaad Khadum ........................ 483 The justice of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) seen through his charter to Malik Al Ashtar Dr. Kifaayah Taarish Al-Ali.......................................................... 497 Jihad speech in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Hamed Nasir Al-Dhalimi ........................................................ 518 Educative directions in the declaration for the rights of the subjects during the government of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Ahmed Ali Ssakr and dr. Dharaar Khalil Hassan................... 528 How did Ibn Abi Talib a supreme being and a divine secret? Dr. Abd Ali Sfeeh .......................................................................... 545 Phases of the installation of the Emir of Beleivers Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) The caliphate Dr. Ali Salih Rasn Al-Mhamadawi............................................... 551 Imam Ali (pbuh) and his selection of Kufa as a center for his Caliphate Dr. Imaan Salim Al-Khaffaji .....................................................566


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A view on Nahj al Balagha Dr. Laura Fittishia Falliyeri .......................................................590 Ali bin Abi Talib in science, myth and teachings Edited by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ......................................599 The Alawite epics in the Aljamiado literature: Imam Ali in the Morisco folklore Dr. Salah Fadhl ..........................................................................616 The stature of Imam Ali (pbuh) and his heroism in the eyes scholars and the hearts of Sunnis in Al Andalus Dr. Mohamed Bashir Hassan Radhi Al-Amiri ............................. 633 From the Alawite mythological epics among the Moriscos: (1) Imam Ali and the forty girls ................................................652 (2) The tale of the golden palace and the story of the snake and Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) .....................................................659 )3( The battle of Al Ashyab bin Hanqar.....................................669

(4) The battle of the king Al Muhalhal bin Al Fayyadh............676 From the stories of Alawite mythology: (1) The battle of the city of Tikrit..............................................698 (2) The epic of the mythical Khawarnama in the heroism of Imam Ali bn Talib (pbuh) by Ibn Hussam Khausafi, deceased (875 H, 1470 C.E.) Dr. Amin Abd Al-Majid Badwi ................................................711 (3) The story of the Christian monks and Imam Ali (pbuh.......726 (4) The problem solver or the story of Abdullah Al Hattab......734


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The invasion of Imam Ali (pbuh) of the lands of Al Hadham ibn Al Jahhaf and his destruction of the seven forts Ahmed Bin Abdallah Al-Bakri..................................................742 The war of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the days of the Prophet ...........776 The war of Imam Ali (pbuh) with Benni Sa’ad ........................779 The war of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the city of Fils .........................780 The path of Imam Ali (pbuh) to Yemen....................................783 Myths and legends in Ashura ....................................................786 Imam Ali (pbuh) calls the Jinn to Islam by order of the Prophet (pbuh), Hafiz Abi Al-Qassim Ali bin Al-Hassan Al-Shafi’ii....................................................796 The plentiful goodness Habib Abd Al-Hamid Al-Hilali.................................................798 The gate of God Dr. Majid Abd Al-Hamid Najji .................................................799

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The role of Imam Ali (pbuh) in preserving Islamic Sharia Sayyed Mohamed Baqr Alsadr....................................................13 Imam Ali (may God dignify his face); political and religious toleration Dr. Zekki Badawi ........................................................................24 Nahj Albalagha Sheikh Mohamed Hasan Yassin..................................................28 Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) between the rights of man and his duties Sayyid Mohamed Taqi Al-Hakim........................47 The discourse of the Thaqalain Sheikh Mohamed Waiz Zade ......................................................57 The hundred words of the adages of the Emir of the Beleivers: Ali Bin Abi Talib………seleceted by Amr Ben Bahr Al Jahedh (D. 255 H) Research by Sayyed Mohamed Rida Aljalaly.............................67 The revealed religion and the divine interpretation: Islam and Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Sayyid Mohamed Amir Imam...............................................77 The verse of the allegiance Jaffar Aljaziri .............................................................................102


66

The verse of the allegiance: it’s meaning and truth Marwan Khlaifat........................................................................129 The exclusivity of the Emir of the Beleivers Imam Ali’s (pbuh): Quranic knowledge and its role in preparing him for his Caliphate Dr. Abd Aljabbar Sharareh .......................................................132 The role of Ali (pbuh) and his disciples in the conquests: the conquest of Persia and the Roman lands was a prophetic promise Sheikh Ali Alkawrani ................................................................138 Social views on Nahj Albalagha Abdulwahab Hammudeh...........................................................151 The impact of Nahj Albalagha on the sources for Islamic political thought Dr. Mohsen Baqr Mohamed Salih Alqazwini...................................................................................155 Ali’s (pbuh) Quran The International Ahl Al Beit Association................................196 Military strategy in the wars of Imam Ali (pbuh) Shahaab Aldin Alhussini ...........................................................202 The Emir of the Beleivers (pbuh): hero of war and peace Sayyid Hashim Alhashimi.........................................................209 Why did the Emir of the Beleivers order not to to fight the Khawarij Sayyid Jafar Murtaza Alalamy ..................................................223


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Islamic interest and unity of the Muslims in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Ali Khairallah................................................231 The supreme example in lives of Ahl Al Beit (pbut) Sheikh Hasan Aljawahiri ...........................................................245 The confirmation of allegiance to Imam Ali (pbuh) as Caliph Dr. Shakir Salman......................................................................257 Imam Ali (pbuh) and sacrifing towards God Sayyid Hadi Almadrasi..............................................................262 Imam Ali (pbuh) and the unity of the Ummah Sheikh Hasan Alsaffar ...............................................................264 Imam Ali (pbuh): the collection of virtues Sayyid Mohamed Ali Almussawi Albahrani ............................274 People in the charter of Imam Ali (pbuh) to Malik Al Ashtar Faiz Ali Shukr............................................................................290 The Thulfiqar sword Dr. Sheikh Abas Kashif Alghata’a ............................................295 Imam Ali Bin Abi Taleb (pbuh) and political opposition (an unprecented position, that has not been followed yet) Jamal Albana’a ..........................................................................299 Opposition in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Jafar Alalawi..............................................................................304


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Democracy in Nahj Albalagha Muhsin Alamin ..........................................................................314 The signs of ascetism in Nahj Albalagha Kadhum Hamd Almihraath .......................................................318 Strategies of the government of the Imam (pbuh) and their impact on the unity of Muslims Dr. Ra’ad Kadhum Jaddi ...........................................................340 People under the government of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Mohamed Khudair Abas .....................................................355 The method of Imam Ali (pbuh) in correcting the deviation of the Islamic state Dr. Kawakib Baqir Alfadhili .....................................................373 Glimpses of The Imam Ali (pbuh) state Ali Alshimmari ..........................................................................392 The method of Al Tabari in chronicling the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) during the events of the reign of Othman Ben Affan Dr. Shakir Majid Kadhum and Yasmin Salim Matroed............400 The economic and financial policy of Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Rahim Ali Siaah ..................................................................419 An excerpt from the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) and bits of his instructions to people Dr. Rifat Swaadi abdulnashi......................................................448


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Peace and non-violence between theory and practice as seen by Imam Ali (pbuh) Raji Annur Haifa .......................................................................474 Al Ghadeer day: a celebration of succession on earth Dr. Ahmed Rasim Alnafis .........................................................481 Al Ghadeer day in the Sunni exegeses Dr. Issam Kadhum Alghalbi......................................................490 Giving, in the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) Sheikh Abdullah Alyussif..........................................................494 The relation between Imam Ali (pbuh) and the Holy Quran Ahmed Aladari ..........................................................................498 The educational thinking and the methodology of renewal, from the perspective of Imam Ali (pbuh) (a brief introduction) Nabil Nima Aljabiri ...................................................................503 The Alawi epic ‘Sheikh Jafar Al-Hilali’ Rresearch by Mohammed Said Al-Touraihi .............................505 The introduction of the poet Jafar Al-Hilali ............................................................................507 Sheikh Al Hilali: ‘an exemplary life and continuous giving’ Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................509 Al Kawthariya Sayyed Riza Almusawi Alhindi ................................................620


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Bits of the life of the author of Al Kawthariya Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ......................................................620 Collected and introduced Sheikh Rasool Kadhem Abd Assada.........................................625 Sayyed Ridha Al Hindi and Al Kawthariya Dr. Abduillah Alsaiegh..............................................................627 The river or basin of Al Kawthar ..............................................635 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sheikh Ali Alkeshi ....................................................................638 Takhmis Al Kawthariya Fawzi Salman Alsaeigh .............................................................643 The method of Al Kawthariya Sheikh Mohamed Hussain Alansari ..........................................647 Poem alike Al Hawthariya Sheikh Qasim Muhhidien ..........................................................648 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sheikh Mohamed Alsamawi......................................................653 Takhmis Al Kawthariya Sheikh Qais Alattar....................................................................656 The little Al Kawthariya Adel Alkadimy ..........................................................................663


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Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sheikh Mohamed Jawad Mattar ................................................665 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Shiekh Ali Nuruldin Alalami.....................................................666 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Abdulzahra Almawlani..............................................................668 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Turki Kadhum Jawdeh ..............................................................670 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Abd Alhamid Alsanid................................................................671 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sayyed Ali Alsayyed Riza Alhindi ...........................................673 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sayyid Ali Assayid Riza Alhindi ..............................................673 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sheikh Kazem Assahaaf ............................................................676 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Mizhr Alawi Alzaidi..................................................................678 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Zainulabbidin Alkuwaiti............................................................684 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Abdulrasul Alsahlani .................................................................686


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Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sheikh Mohamed Jawad Aljanabi .............................................689 Poem alike Al Kawthariya Sabhi Albany .............................................................................691 Junnat Alasma’a Almumtazeh Fi Alardi wa Alsama’a (The prevention of the excellent names on earth and in heaven, by Imam the Emir of the Believers Ali Ben Abi Talib (pbuh, Hujjat Al Islam Abi Hamed Mohammed Ben Mohammed Al Ghazali (450-505 H) Research by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi..................................695 The chant- The prevention of the excellent names on earth and in heaven Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ...............................721 The Alawi poems Sheikh Abdul Sattar Al Kadhimi...............................................777 Ali between my clouds and fires Naji Harabe................................................................................798

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Shiism and Islamic unity in the light of the life of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Ghulam Ali Adel Hadad........................................................17 Ghadeer Khumm: a historical study and field investigation Dr. Sheikh Abd Al-Hadi Al-Fadli ...............................................21 The role of Imam Ali (pbuh) in establishing Islamic civilization Dr. Sheikh Abd Al-Hadi Al-Fadli ...............................................67 Adages in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Sheikh Abd Al-Hadi Al-Fadli ...............................................74 The ideal Islamic society, its traits and the leader to achieve that. An attempt at illustration in the light of the prophetic Farewell Pilgrimage Speech Sheikh Hasan Tarami ................................................................100 Islamic standards in literature in the light of Nahj Albalagha Dr. Mohamed Tawfiq Abu Ali ..................................................106 The place of ‘Nahj Albalagha’in modern Islamic thought Jamal Al-Din Baror ...................................................................119 The vision of state in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ibrahim Baydoen .................................................................130


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A theoretical approach to the Shura concept in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Hasan Jabr ...........................................................................151 Imam Ali (pbuh) and his impact in practical mysticism Sheikh Ali Ghazem....................................................................157 Human rights in Nahj Albalagha Dr. Ali Sadeq Sheikh Ammar....................................................171 A word about Imam Ali (pbuh) Abd Al-Fattah Qala Haji ...........................................................180 Nahj Albalagha and its impact on Arabic literature Sulayman Kittani .......................................................................192 The priorities of prophetically authorized leadership of Imam Ali (pbuh) Muqdad Abdulrahman...................................196 Imam Ali between the ideal and the reality: an example of his administrative justice Sayyid Hani Fahs.......................................................................202 The decisive role of Imam Ali (pbuh) in the conquest of Khaibar Sheikh Mohamed Al-Rishari.....................................................203 Pilgrimage in Nahj Albalagha Sheikh Fares Tabrizian ..............................................................215 The place of justice and its meaning in the book of Nahj Albalagha by Imam Ali bin abi Taleb (pbuh) Dr. Abd Al-Karim Al-Ashtar ....................................................228


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Political justice of Imam Ali bin abi Taleb (pbuh) Dr. Hamed Alabdallah, dr. Abdallah Sahr ................................234 Imam Ali, the wise and just, the great carrier of the flag of justice Alhaaj Mahmoed Shams Al-din ................................................287 Imam Ali (pbuh) and justice Dr. Mohamed Al-Qaisi ..............................................................293 Social justice in the way of the Imam, the Emir of the Beleivers Ali bin abi Taleb (pbuh) Mohamed Amin Abu Jawhar.....................................................310 Justice and freedom from the perspective of Imam Ali (pbuh) Zuhair Dashti .............................................................................325 Political justice of Imam Ali bin abi Taleb (pbuh): the relation of reciprocity between government and people Ali Mahdi Zaytun ......................................................................346 The styles of dialogue from the point of view of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Anissa Ghaz Ali ..................................................................362 Unity in the words of Amir Almu’minien Ali bin Abi Talib (pbuh) Dr. Adnan Ashkoeri...................................................................377 About the state project of Imam Ali (pbuh): The problematic of Al Ghadeer as an example Dr. Sheikh Jafar Al-Muhajir......................................................397


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The explanation of the Al Shafiya poem by Abu Firas in prasing the holy household of the prophet and critizing the Abbasides. Written by judge Abi Al makarim ibn Al Adim Mohammed bin Abdul Malik bin abi Jurada Al Halabi Introduced by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ...............................403 Thoughts in unity. An introduction to read the texts of Nahj Albalagha Sayyid Hani Fahs .....................................................429 War and peace in the thought of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Ali Yousif Nuruldin ............................................................444 The unity of the nation and the rights of religious and political minorities from the perspective of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Hasan Azzayn......................................................................466 Excerpts from the Moroccan Alawi (sung) poetry: The Battle between our Lord Ali or the Camel poem) by Sheikh Al Makki Al Baseer Al Maghribi Dr. Abdulhadi Altazi .................................................................478 Mizaj Al Tasnim min Al Raudh Al Baseem (praise poetry on the Prophet Mohammed, Imam Ali and the Imams of the holy household) by its composer Abul Huda Mohammed Mahdi Al Sayyadi, the chief of the Aleppo Asharif and the sheikh of Al Rifaiyya Sijjada Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................483 Poem Mohamed Ali Shams Al-Din.....................................................509


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Poem Dr. Ibrahim Alsheikh Abd Alzahraa Al’aty ..............................516 Alawi seasons Society of Ibn Almuqarab Aladabi............................................517 Poem Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................518 Poem Jasim Hussain Almushrif...........................................................521 Poem Assayid Hasan Annimr..............................................................524 Dr. Ali bin Almala Taher Al-Bahrani .......................................530 The Ghadiri poetic clarities: going to the mirror Dr. Hussain Alsamahaji.............................................................532 The poetic meaning of the poems of the third version of the Great News contest Dr. Rahman Gharkan.................................................................535 Poems by: Tahani Assabiha ........................................................................542

Jasim Assahih ............................................................................543

Jala Al-Ali..................................................................................548

Habib Al-Muatiq........................................................................549

Habib Al-Muatiq........................................................................505

Hussain Aal Jami’......................................................................551


78

Kawthar Musa............................................................................553

Musa Abdallah Alshakhs….......................................................555

Musa Abdallah Alshakhs...........................................................556

Naji Hurabeh..............................................................................558

Naji Alharz ................................................................................560

Hashim Abdulriza Alshaksh......................................................561



Yahya Alabid Allatif .................................................................567

Ibrahim Alboshafy.....................................................................569

Ibrahim Aldaris..........................................................................570

Ahmed Alramadan.....................................................................572

Afnaan Alawami........................................................................574

Amal Alfaraj ..............................................................................575

Iman Da’bal ...............................................................................577

Jasim Assakir.............................................................................583

Habib Almuatiqyn .....................................................................585

Hasan Alrabih ............................................................................588

Hussain Abd Alaal.....................................................................590

Hamza Annimr ..........................................................................591

Sayyid Riza Adnan Alshakhs ....................................................594

Zahraa Asshawkaan...................................................................595

Zahraa Almutghawi ...................................................................596

Slaaf Al-Awami.........................................................................598

Sadiq Annimr.............................................................................600

Abd Al-Azim Al-Muqrib...........................................................602

Abdallah Almohamed Ali..........................................................604

Adnan Almanwas ......................................................................605


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Ali Juma Mohamed Ali .............................................................606

Ali Abd Al-Majid Annimr.........................................................608

Ali Makki Alsheikh ...................................................................609

Fadil Rahma...............................................................................611

Sayyid Firas Alshakhs ...............................................................613

Mujtaba Altataan .......................................................................614

Mohamed Aal Qarin ..................................................................616

Mohamed Fawz .........................................................................619

Mohamed Al-Qaady ..................................................................620

Mohamed Abdullah Bu Abdullah .............................................621

Mohamed Mahdi Alhamdawi....................................................623

Mahmoed Al-Mumin.................................................................628

Maytham Sanbal ........................................................................629

Na’eem Al-Mumin ....................................................................631

Nawra Annimr ...........................................................................632

Wahb Yusif Rady ......................................................................634

Yassir Aal Gharib ......................................................................635

Yahya Al-Abid Al-Latif ............................................................637

Dr. Intidhaar Radi ......................................................................639

Abd Al-Matlub Al-Hajoej .........................................................640

Aqeel Al-Lawati ........................................................................641

Basim Al-Ithaan.........................................................................642

Ahmed Mubarak Al-Rabi’.........................................................644

Ahmed Mohamed Al-Ramadan.................................................645

Ahmed Shukri Aal Sayf.............................................................649

Ahmed Hasan Al-Sadiq.............................................................650

Sayyid Ahmed Sharf Al-Alawi .................................................652

Sayyid Ahmed Al-Majid ...........................................................653


80

Ashraf Nasir Al-Alasy...............................................................655

Amal Abdallah Al-Faraj ............................................................656

Imaan Mohamed Al-Hamd........................................................657

Habib Ali Al-Muatiq .................................................................659

Hasan Mubarak Al-Rabi’ ..........................................................660

Sayyid Hussain Ali Annimr.......................................................662

Sayyid Hamza Ahmed Annimr .................................................664

Haidar Jawad Abdullah .............................................................666

Zahraa Abdullah Asshawkaan...................................................668

Zahraa Ahmed Almutghawi ......................................................669

Abbas Ali Alfarhani ..................................................................672

Abdullah Issa Al-Ahmed...........................................................674

Abdullah Hussain Almohamed Ali ...........................................675

Ali Makki Alsheikh ...................................................................676


Mujtaba Abd Al-Muhsin Altattaan............................................680

Mohamed Salmaan Aal Qarrin..................................................682

Mohamed Abdullah Alhaddab ..................................................685

Sayyid Mohamed Assayid Hussain Al-Saleh............................687

Mohamed Marhun .....................................................................689

Mohmud Fahad Almu’min ........................................................691

Mustafa Ma’tuq Al-Mu’atiqin...................................................693

Mahdi Darwish Al-Lawati.........................................................694

Nura Ahmed Annimr.................................................................695

Hadi Rasul .................................................................................697

Yassir Abdullah Aal Gharib ......................................................700

Zeki Assalim..............................................................................702

Zahraa Almutghawi ...................................................................703


81

Shafiq Abbadi ............................................................................705

Ali Mohamed Annaghly ............................................................705

Hashim Assayid Hussain Al-Mussawi ......................................708

Ibrahim Mohamed Albushafiq ..................................................710

Ahmed Hasan Hajir ...................................................................711

Ahmed Hamza Majid ................................................................712

Ahmed Radi Salman Hasan.......................................................714

Ahmed Mubarak Al-Rabi’.........................................................716

Ahmed Hashim Al-Alawi..........................................................717

Ahmed Alsatrawi.......................................................................718

Tahany Hasan Assabiha ............................................................719

Hasan Ali Al-Ghamis ................................................................721

Hussain Aal Braak.....................................................................723

Hussain Ali Aal Ammar ............................................................724

Haidar Jawad Abdullah .............................................................725

Zahraa Abdullah Assawkan.......................................................727

Adil Abdullah Aal Dhenim .......................................................728

Abdulazzi Abdullah Al-Yousif..................................................731

Ali Hasan Alnasir ......................................................................736


Ali Gharib Muhsin.....................................................................738

Ali Mohamed Margoes..............................................................739

Fawzi Hasan Bin Qarin .............................................................741

Mohamed Shubbar Mohaemd ...................................................744

Mohamed Abdullah Abu Abdullah ...........................................745

Mohamed Abdullah Al-Haddab ................................................747

Mohamed Mahdi Al-Hammadi .................................................749

Mahmud Al-Sabudi ...................................................................752


82

Mahmud Abdullah Al-Hussain Al-Qallaaf ...............................753

Murtaza Abdullah Al-Habib......................................................754

Mahdi bin Darwish Al-Lawatia.................................................756

Nadia Ahmed Al-Mallah ...........................................................757

Nasir Zayn .................................................................................759

Hani Habib Al-Hassan...............................................................760

Wahad Yusif Mohamed Ali.......................................................762

Abdulrahman Al-Ramaah..........................................................762

Sheikh dr. Ahmed Al-Waeili .....................................................764

Dr. Rahman Ghazkan ................................................................774

Arif Tamir..................................................................................776

Sheih Nabil Halbawi..................................................................778

Annur Al-Jundi ..........................................................................781

Jabir Al-Jabiri ............................................................................783

Sadiq Al-Touraihi ......................................................................785

Abdulhassan Hamd....................................................................787

Sheikh Abdulkarim Bin Mubarak Aal Zar’...............................788

Dr. Abulhadi Al-Hakim.............................................................791

Sheikh Ali Assagier ...................................................................794

Kawthar Shaahin........................................................................796

Abdulrahman Salih Al-Ashawy ................................................798

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83


Excerpts from the book of Al Ghadeer by Sheikh Abul Hussein Al Amini Sayyed Mohamed Ali Alhussaini Alkashaany Algharwy .................................................................11 The method of Imam Ali (pbuh) in ruling and his role in forming the path of the Rashida (wise) Caliphate Dr. Abd Almajid Hussain Zaraqit .............................................209 The bravery of Ali bin abi Taleb and his virtues Ibn Aqeel Alhanbali ..................................................................230 The foundations and principles of the Islamic government according to Imam Ali (pbh) Sheikh Husain Nuri Alhamdani ................................................231 The Imamate Sheikh Abas bin Sheikh Hasan Kashef Alghatta’a ...................247 Ali (pbuh), man of civilization and of history Sheikh Hussain Alaiesh.............................................................357 Al Sharif Al Redhee and the reasons for his neglection of the references and sources of Nahj Albalagha Ali Haaji Ghany.........................................................................389


84

The voice of allegiance in praising the prophet and his masterful household, by the poet of the holy household Ahmad Rashi Mendou Al Fu’i Al Idlibi Edited by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................401 The study of Shia poems in the book of Ghadeer and criticism of them by the scholar Al Amini Dr. Naim Ammuri .....................................................................455 The place prophetic literature during the battles of Al Jamal and Siffin Abd Al Rida Attashi and Rahim Sawari ...................................473 Technical aspects of the letters of Imam Ali (pbuh): a study in three letters from the Nahj Albalagha as examples Khalil Barwini and Issa Muttaqi Zadeh Mohamed Kabiri ........488 Ali, the unsheathed sword of God: the Jihadi history of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Salih Alwardani...................................................................507 The political rights according to Imam Ali (pbuh) from a justice perspective Dr. Ahmed Sabri Assayid Ali.....................527 Al Ghadeer and the companions of the Prophet Sayyed Abas Ali Almussawi .....................................................586 Fatima bin Assad (may God be satisfied with her) mother of the lord of the trustees Imam Ali the Emir of the Beleivers (pbuh) Abd Alaziz Khadum Albahaadly...............................................590


85

The trophy of the willing in the life of some of the kind and holy household by Ahmed Bin Ahmed Shaab Aldin Alqalyoebi Alshafi’I Almasri, research by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ................................................................................597 The attitudes of the Nakha’ tribe towards the policy of Imam Ali (pbuh) Dr. Sa’ad Abdoed Smaar...........................................................647 The Moroccan journey to the Najafi lands Salih bin Bakkar Alsbai.............................................................659 The book of aiding the honest in responding to the people of hate rudeness Assayid Mohamed bin Mohamed Alhussaini Alshafi’i Alsbai..........................................................................716 Muley Abdallah Al Mahdh and the tale of the holy shrine (the seven graves) ......................................................................757 The third journey: the third Najafi journey ...............................759 Poem Ma’roef Abd Almajid ................................................................781 Poem Farid Annimr .............................................................................795 The story of the Ghadeeri poem by Sayyed Ridha Al Hindi Sheikh Abd Almunim Rida Alhindi..........................................798

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86


Holy Najaf: the Shrine of Imam Ali (pbuh) and the city

of peace

Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi ..........................................................9

Holy Najaf in Western writings

Jafar Ghaiaat ................................................................................11

Old time Najaf

Dr. Mustafa Jawad.....................................................................100

The back of Kufa: the city of Imam Ali (pbuh)

Sheikh Mohamed Khadum Al-Touraihi....................................137

The different names for Najaf in linguistics and literature

Dr. Mohamed Ali Alhussaini ....................................................224

Al Ghari: the place that witnessed Imam Ali (pbuh) by

Sayyed Hibatuddin Al Sharastani

Edited by dr. Ali Khudair Haji ..................................................233

The holiness of Najaf and its greatness or (The history of the

holy Alawi cabinet), Sheikh Mohamed Hussain Kashef Al-

Ghatta’a

Edited by dr. Ali Abas Alawi Alaraji ........................................251


87

Holy Najaf: the civilized background and intellectuals pillars Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................282 How did Najaf preserve its authenticity? Dr. Mohamed Bahr Al-Ulum ....................................................298 What I wish for architectural planning for the city of Najaf Prof. Mohamed Makkiah...........................................................303 Najaf in Arabic encyclopedias Dr. Hussain Ali Mahfuz ............................................................307 The cultural diversity of holy Najaf Dr. Ahmed Al-Waili ..................................................................318 The forgotten architecture in the history of the Haidari holy shrine Sayyid Adil Mohamed Salih Al-Killidaar.................................325 The selected pieces of the cultural, intellectual and spiritual history of the holy city of Najaf Dr. Jalil Al-attia .........................................................................327 The Qurawiyyin and Najaf universities Sheikh Mohamed Rida Almudaffar ..........................................338 Holy Najaf and its social position Sayyid Mohamed Jamal Al-Hashimi ........................................342


88

An architectural vision of the reality of the Alawi shrine and its future Abd Al-Shahim Ghawaam Shir Ali...........................................344 The rise of the city of Najaf and its religious establishments Dr. Rahim Abd Al-Hussain Abbas Al-Amiri............................353 The elements of Najafi intellectual environment Dr. Saif Najaah Mirza Abu Asbieh ...........................................394 The scholarly centers of Najaf in the neighborhood of Imam Ali (pbuh) shrine Dr. Amaal Hussain Alwan Ghuwair..........................................424 The legacy of Sheikh Tusi and his opinions in the field of rhetoric Sheikh Alaal Al-Fassi................................................................469 The art of expression of Sheikh Tusi Dr. Saleh Admiah ......................................................................490 An exposition of the linguistic tendency in the Al Tibyan book of exegesis Dr. Sayyid Murtaza Ayatollah Zadeh Al-Shirazi......................501 Sheikh Tusi and his methodology in Quranic exegesis Dr. Said Ahmed Akbar Abaady ................................................511 Sheikh Tusi, the founder of the scholarly center in Najaf Dr. Mahmoed Mohamed Al-Khudairi.......................................526


89

The architecture and planning of holy cities: an analytical study of the architecture of the Holy Alawi shrine Dr. Suhaad Kadhum Abd Al-Mussawi and dr. Ahmed Abd Al-Salaam Al-Jabiri...................................................................531 The methodological theorization of the science of narration in the school of holy Najaf Dr. Amaal Husssain Alwan and dr. Ali Khudair Haji...............553 Najaf between two cultures (wild and urban) Dr. Ali Karim Said.....................................................................576 Holy Najaf, the city of immortal values Dr. Ibrahim Al-Aaty ..................................................................587 Prophetic tradition in the perspective of contemporary scientific school of Najaf Dr. Amaal Hussain Alwan and dr. Ali Khudair Haji ................589 The School of Al Sayyed Al Murtadha that neighbours the shrine of Imam Ali ben Abi Taleb (pbuh) in the eighth century of the Hijra Dr. Amed Ali Majid Al-Hilli.....................................................615 The city of Najaf in the writings of Arab and Muslim historians and geographic scholars Dr. Rabaab Al-Hussaini.............................................................618 The role of French orientalists in shedding light on the holy Alawi Shrine: Jack Louis Rousseau as an example Dr. Mu’taz Muhi Abd Al-Hamid ..............................................628


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Najaf as described by some French orientalists Dr. Qais Jawad Al-Azzawi ........................................................642 The Alawi shrine in the eyes of travelers and orientalists Rassul Kadhum Abd Al-Sadeh..................................................659 The scholars of Jabal Amel and the modernization of religious studies in Najaf Dr. Sabrina Mirvan and translated by dr. Jalil Attia .................737 Future questions about the position of Najaf as a political center by dr. Pierre Jean Luizard Translated by dr. Qais Jawad Alazzawi ....................................744 Najaf and the constitutional movement in Iran Assayid Salmaan Hadi Al-Tuma...............................................755 Facing isolation: Jerusalem and Najaf in the Islamic Conference of 1931 Dr. Mohamed Hafzi Ya’aqoeb ..................................................780

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91


Encyclopedia of Imam Ali: after completing the first stage .......16 The cellars of Najaf in history and heritage Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.........................................................17 A follow-up to the Al-Touraihi article: matters of the cellars of Najaf Dr. Mohamed Hussain Al-Araji ..................................................31 The cellars of Najaf Dr. Musa Jafar Alattia .................................................................35 Najaf, the city of cellars, which excelled in pioneering them Dr. Abdulilaah Alsaaiegh ............................................................38 Safavid textiles and carpets; collection of the Imam Ali Shrine Professor Mohamed Agha Uglu Research and translation by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi Dr. Suaad Mahir Mohamed .........................................................49 The Najafi valuables within the Alawite Shrine .......................132 The treasures of the Najaf Shrine ..............................................138 Architecture of the Shrine through the ages..............................148 Describing the current Shrine: the outer wall............................193 Valuable items and gifts in the shrine of the Imam...................254 Valuable gifts present in the shrine of Imam Ali (pbuh............439


92

The magnificence of Holy Najaf Skakini Wadaad.........................................................................475 What I saw in Holy Najaf? Roks bin Zayed Alazizi .............................................................479 The scholar Arnold Toynbee in Najaf By Salim Alalusi........................................................................483 The intellectual relationship between Najaf and Jabal Amel

Dr. Mahdi Shahaadeh ................................................................486 Najaf and the rapprochement between Islamic doctrines Dr. Sheikh Abas Muhajrani Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.......................................................491 - Indian money: “The Najafi-Indian relations and the story of the royal Shia endowment in Najaf and Karbala ..................509 - The cultural ties between Najaf and India ..............................510 - Similarities between Sanskrit and old Iraqi languages ...........513 - The Ziggurat............................................................................515 - Basra, the link between India and the Orient ..........................515 - An Indian god in Basra ...........................................................516 - Other similarities .....................................................................516 - Archeological evidence on Iraqi-Indian ties ...........................517 - The ties between Al-Hira and India ........................................519 - The Iraqi-Indian ties in the Islamic Age .................................520 - The links between Holy Najaf and India ................................521 - The Indian School ...................................................................523


93

- The Indian Mosque .................................................................523 - Al Hindiya (Indian) river and the carrying of water to Najaf ........535 - The wall of Samarra and its building with Indian funds.........539 - The visits of Indian notables to Najaf .....................................540 - Iqbal ud Dawla Hafied: the king of Oudh...............................540 - The founder of the Kingdom of Oudh in his Najafi origins ...546 - The Khoja group and the influence of Najaf in its birth and development...............................................................................547 - The history of the Shia Khoja group.......................................547 - The leader of the Khoja, Hajj Mullah Asghar Mohammed Jafar ..549 - Organization within the Khoja group......................................550 - The visit of Princess Diana (Great Britain) to the Shia Khoja Center...........................................................................550 - A historical introduction on the meaning of the word Khawaja....563 - Bombay: the starting point for the Khoja group .....................563 - Malwlana Abulkasim Alkashani .............................................570 - Ayatullah Sheikh Mohamed Hasan Alnajafi (may God bless his resting place)...............................................................580 - The founding of the Organization for the Protection of Islam.......584 - Weekly publications: Paighame Najafi...................................585 - The 40th anniversary of the group ..........................................586 - The Kokel family.....................................................................588 - Shia in the Kargil region .........................................................588 - Exiled Najafis to India ............................................................593 - Najafi poets greet India ...........................................................596 - The voyage of Al A’asam Al Najafi to India..........................605 - Indian migration to Najaf ........................................................608 - The Al Hindi family ................................................................609 - Najaf and India’s Muslims ......................................................609


94

- The Najafi Indians...................................................................612 - The likeness of the Holy Najaf court ......................................613 - Indian money or the Oudh Endowment ..................................613 Appendixes - Indian funds and the holy Shia shrines in Iraq (1786-1850) Juan R.I. Cole Translation by Sofia Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi.....................620 - The Oudh Endowment D.L.R. Lorimer ..........................................................................647 - On the margin of Lawrimer’s report: the British reorganization of the Oudh Endowment in Iraq, and the Ottoman position towards it during 1912-1913 Dr. Khaled Sa’doen ......................................................................................679 - The exiled Najaf revolutionaries to India (from Najaf to Samarpour) Hassan Alassadi.........................................................................698 Holy Najaf: poetic images and photographic glimpses Collected by Mohamed Said Al-Touraihi .................................711 What they say about Najaf The German orientalist Sigrid Honke .......................................712 Dr. Zeki Mubarek .....................................................................712 Dr. Abdulrahman Alkayali ........................................................712 Dr. Mir Basri .............................................................................712 Abdulrazak Alhilali ...................................................................712 Poems about Najaf by the following poets........................ 713-825

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95

Alkamit Alassadi, Mani Almussawi, Ghutam Almujashii, Sheikh Jawad Alshibibi, Sheikh Mohamed Hussain Azzain Alaamly, Mohamed Saligh bin Mahdi Shamsa, Sheikh Abdulmunm Alfartusi, Abdulamir Jamal Aldin, Sheikh Mohamed Baqir Alhijri, Mohamed Mahdi Aljawahiri, Sheikh Mohamed Alkarmi, Sayyid Hadi Kamaal Aldin, Sheikh Ali Alsharqi, Dr. Mohamed Sadiq Aladnani, Sheikh Jafar Alnaqdi, Shiekh Abdulmahdi Matr, Sayyid Muslim Al-Jabiri, Dr. Mahdi Mahbube, Sayyid Abdulmutlib Abu Alriha, Sheikh Mohamed Hasan bin Sheikh Ali Al-Touraihi, Dr. Mohamed Hussain Aal Yassin, Diwan Almurtadawi, Ibn Zarkawia Alanbari, Sheikh Muslim bin Aqeel Alwaili Alkinani, Sayyid Mohamed Jamal Alhashimi, Hamid Farajullah, Mohamed Ali Alhawmani, Sheikh Katib bin Sheikh Radi Al-Touraihi, Sheikh Abdullah Nima Alaamly, Sayyid Mohamed Mahdi bin Alsayyid Ismail Alsadr, Sheikh Ali Alsharqi, Ali Alsharqi, Karim Albahrani, Dr. Zuhair Ghazi Muhsin Zahid Almayaah, Mohamed Hussain Almuhtassir, Dr. Abdulrazzaq Muhi Aldin, Abdulillah Jafar Rafish, Dr. Muhsin Abdulsahib Almuzzafar,Khalil Alkhoery, Abdulwahaab Albayaaty, Muhsin Alamin, Mohamed Taqi Alfaqiyah, Mohamed Tawfiq Albalaghy, Sheikh Mohamed Jawad Aljazairi, Mohamed Jawad Alsafi, Mohamed Jawad Alghabaan, Mohamed Hussain Allawi Ghaibi, Mohamed Alhayani Alamili, Sheikh Mohamed Alkhalili, Mohamed Abas Aldaraji, Mahdi Alaraji, Nasrullah Alhairi, Abu Dalameh, Ahmed Hasan Aldujaili, Ahmed Alrifai, Ahmed Assafi Alnajafi, Ahmed Alfaghri, Sheikh Mohamed Rida Almuzzafar, Sheikh Ibrahim Sadiq, Ibn Hamid, Ibn Madlaal, Abu Ishaq Alsaby, Sayyid Ahmed Alattar, Sheikh Ahmed Alwaili, Sheikha Bashareh Alghaiqani, Sheikh Jawad Alshabibi, Alhussain bin Alhajaj, Sayyid Rida Alhindi, Sayyid Sadiq Alaraji, Altafil bin Amr bin Waila, Dubaal Alghazai, Abas


96

Altarjaman, Abas Alkhalili, Sayyid Abas Shubar, Sheikh Abas Alquraishi, Sheikh Abas Almala’aly, Abd Albaqi Alumri, Sheikh Mohamed Alkhalili, Sheikh Abdullah Nima Alaamly, Sheikh Mohamed Alsamawi, Sheikh Mohamed Hasan Haidar, Sheikh Mohamed Hasan Almuzzafar, Mohamed bin Yusef Aljami’I, Murtaza Aal Faraj Allah, Sheikh Muslim Aljassani Alwaili, Sayyid Mustafa Jamaal Aldin, Sayyid Mahdi Bahr Alulum, Sayyid Musa Altalaqani, Sheikh Nasrullah Alamili, Albahtari, Hanin Almughni, Sheikh Yaqoeb Alhaj Jafar Alnajafi Alhili, Hussain Ali Aladami, Hamid Jawad Alaraji, Abdulamir Jamaal Aldin, Ahmed Atmashi, Abas Alkhalil, Mohamed Salih Bahr Alulum, Ali Sheikh Hussain Alashari, Sayyid Hussain bin Mir Rashi Alnaqwi Alhindi Alnajafi, Sheikh Abdulhussain Shukr, Mohamed Alsamawi, Ali Khan Almadni, Abu Alhassan bin Alshah Kawthar Alnajafi, Abd Albaqi Alumri, Mohamed Hasan Abu Almahaasin, Mohamed Ali Aal Kamuneh Alassadi, Sayyid Mir Ali Abu Tabikh, Sheikh Ali Albazi, Sheikh Hasan Kashif Alghta’a, Sheikh Ali Alsharqi, Sheik Abdulmunim Alfartusi, Sayyid Ibrahim Altabtaba’ai, Sayyid Jafar Alhili, Hamid Faraj Allah, Dr. Abdulillah Alsaiegh, Sayyid Salih Bahr Alulum, Abd Alhamid Alsnaid, Albahtari, Alsharif Alradhi, Abid Allah Alhussaini, Ibn Abi Alhadid.

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encyclopedia of imam ali

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