emissions in si engines

Upload: nipun-arora

Post on 08-Apr-2018

222 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    1/54

    %$!&%%%$!&%%

    %%#!&%%$#%%#!&%%$#!!%$&$%%!!%$&$%%%'#%$&%%'#%$&%%#%%'$%#%%'$%&$%&$'%%#&%#$'%%#&%#$

    #!&%%$!&%%$&

    %#%##%#%##$&$%$&$$$&$%$&$$!#%$"!%$!#%$"!%$%#%%$%#%%$

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    2/54

    %!$!&%%$%!$!&%%$

    !##!&%%$!##!&%%$%%%%

    #%#%$$#%#%$$

    $#!&%%$$#!&%%$ !#&!#&

    %%%$!#%%%$!#

    3907,.943-09003;,74:8572,73907,.943-09003;,74:8572,7

    54:9,3984754:9,39847

    #0,.943-0900354:9,398,3/903472,#0,.943-0900354:9,398,3/903472,.43899:03984190,92485070.43899:03984190,92485070

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    3/54

    !##!&%%$!##!&%%$

    #!&$#!&$

    %#!&$%#!&$ 09.09.

    $&!#!&$$$&!#!&$$$$ 09.09. #!&$/74.,7-438#!&$/74.,7-438

    %!&$!-%!&$!-

    !#%$!#%$a2a2

    #$!#%$#$!#%$a2a2

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    4/54

    !&%%$%#&%!&%%$%#&%

    &%$$#&%$$#

    &&$!$! ,7-432434/0,7-432434/048917424891742

    $033082411:0$033082411:0

    /74.,7-4384703$03308-:9/74.,7-4384703$03308-:9174203308,70247094.174203308,70247094.

    2411:0;,547,9;0,3/-4-2411:0;,547,9;0,3/-4-

    0288438,70.438/07,-03:3.439740/0288438,70.438/07,-03:3.439740/

    0330803308

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    5/54

    $%##$#$%##$#

    #&$##&$#

    !! ,7-44254:3/8,7-44254:3/8

    0303003030

    /0/08,3/094308/0/08,3/094308

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    6/54

    907!4:9,398174203308,70907!4:9,398174203308,70

    48924703033084892470303308

    2411:02411:0

    $$ $!$!

    $240$240

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    7/54

    $$$#$$$$$#$$

    30419094.0,:89.43899:03941$033030419094.0,:89.43899:03941$0330

    8.,7-432434/098,.4470884/470888.,7-432434/098,.4470884/47088

    ,3/94.,89,/0389.48094,3/94.,89,/0389.480949,941,798574/:.0/:3/070.088;09,941,798574/:.0/:3/070.088;0

    7..42-:8943.43/94387..42-:8943.43/9438

    44/42-:894344/42-:8943

    :9424-08:9424-08

    90784:7.0890784:7.08

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    8/54

    %%

    1742$03309,5508;07031742$03309,5508;0703

    9:7087.9:7087.

    3308500/83308500/8

    3.70,808831.,390390708.3/07943.70,808831.,390390708.3/0794

    .3/07;,7,94383,71:07,94.3/07;,7,94383,71:07,94

    ;; :73033089,793:73033089,793

    ;; :73/3:73/3

    ;; :73,..007,943,3//0.007,943:73,..007,943,3//0.007,943

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    9/54

    $#%$#%

    1472,94384304190573.5,1472,94384304190573.5,

    70,.94389053/74.,7-43.42-:894370,.94389053/74.,7-43.42-:8943

    20.,382.2,-08:22,70/-20.,382.2,-08:22,70/-###### ####

    #/74.,7-437,/.,#/74.,7-437,/.,

    14728;,985,99034/0/9414728;,985,99034/0/94

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    10/54

    %%

    14728;,985,99,34/0/9414728;,985,99,34/0/94

    14728:89,19079050,1,20902507,9:7014728:89,19079050,1,20902507,9:7070,.08,3/57088:7094-,770,.08,3/57088:7094-,7

    :730/,808.440//:7305,3843,3/:730/,808.440//:7305,3843,3/

    0,:89897400,:8989740$4204190/43494/0/$4204190/43494/0/

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    11/54

    1472,9438439/1472,9438439/

    8,574/:.941390720/,9070,.94341/748,574/:.941390720/,9070,.94341/74.,7-43834/,94341/74.,7-43814728:89.,7-43834/,94341/74.,7-43814728:89,19079050,902507,9:70870,.08190708,,19079050,902507,9:70870,.08190708,/01.03.390,;,,-94140384204190/01.03.390,;,,-94140384204190

    83494/0/9483494/0/94 84-:730/,808.440//:7305,3843,3/84-:730/,808.440//:7305,3843,3/

    0,:898974019.4489442:.83490,:898974019.4489442:.83494/0/9414724/0/941472 0;0318:11.03940380;0318:11.0394038

    ,;,,-0,;,,-0 190920,;,,-083498:11.03914790190920,;,,-083498:11.03914790

    390720/,90574/:.941944/0/903,84390720/,90574/:.941944/0/903,84708:93900,:89708:93900,:89

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    12/54

    97403.4254:3/897403.4254:3/8

    ,3/,3/ ,70:8:,,3,0/,70:8:,,3,0/82:9,304:8,3/0570880/39014724182:9,304:8,3/0570880/390147241

    98902489,-:3/,394198902489,-:3/,3941

    ,397403/07;,9;085708039390,397403/07;,9;085708039390,92485070,3/97057080398,-4:941,92485070,3/97057080398,-4:941

    02884380288438

    14728/:73.42-:8943574.0880314728/:73.42-:8943574.08803901,2090258,3/4038,84901,2090258,3/4038,84,;,,-0390.42-430,;,,-0390.42-430

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    13/54

    0.,382411472,943410.,382411472,94341

    1472803901,20902507,9:70,3/901472803901,20902507,9:70,3/90

    902507,9:704190-:730/,80,;390902507,9:704190-:730/,80,;3901,208;071,208;07

    #0,.9439,085,.0039029:708#0,.9439,085,.0039029:708;077.;077.

    #0,.9438,3/4..:730,329:708#0,.9438,3/4..:730,329:708

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    14/54

    %%

    489419080307,90/390,8080,;390489419080307,90/390,8080,;3901,20,3/3493901,200.05937.29:701,20,3/3493901,200.05937.29:70430430

    303308070.42-:89439,085,.0:3/07303308070.42-:89439,085,.0:3/0757088:709070,.9434303901,208;07934157088:709070,.9434303901,208;0793419047/074122,3/8479;0/9047/074122,3/8479;0/

    857088:707808/:7390.42-:8943,3/1,20857088:707808/:7390.42-:8943,3/1,20

    5745,,94390902507,9:704190-:739,808,705745,,94390902507,9:704190-:739,808,702:.24709,343070,.0/220/,90,1907902:.24709,343070,.0/220/,90,190790.42-:8943.42-:8943

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    15/54

    472,94341472,94341

    14720/3901,20430.,3-07,5/14720/3901,20430.,3-07,5/

    .43;0790/94.43;0790/94 ;,70,.94388:.,8;,70,.94388:.,8

    $:-806:039$:-806:039 .43;0790/.43;0790/

    #0,.94383495,.01901,208#0,.94383495,.01901,2086:03.0/23.44071:/6:03.0/23.44071:/

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    16/54

    /74.,7-438/74.,7-438

    742900,:893472,949,8,70742900,:893472,949,8,7020,8:70/40;079834930.088,720,8:70/40;079834930.088,7,831.,393/04154:9,390288438,831.,393/04154:9,390288438

    3300,:89,808.439,3;,709413300,:89,808.439,3;,709418;07,0-70,/43-.,88418;07,0-70,/43-.,884183,,84300330,7083,,84300330,70

    !,7,113840138742,9.8!,7,113840138742,9.8,3/,.09030,3/39072841.,7-43,3/,.09030,3/39072841.,7-433:2-073,/0800330,703:2-073,/0800330,70

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    17/54

    %%

    4254:3/4254:3/ /3240/3240

    :4,/:4,/

    4040

    90789078

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    18/54

    !$$#%$$!$$#%$$

    ,6:03.3,6:03.36:03.0/,079.308836:03.0/,079.30883

    907,30419422907,30419422

    81738173 $479.7.:93$479.7.:93

    !447.42-:89436:,9,206:03.3!447.42-:89436:,9,206:03.3

    70;.020.,382870;.020.,3828 -847594341834,07-847594341834,07

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    19/54

    !447.42-:89436:,9,20!447.42-:89436:,9,20

    6:03.36:03.3

    ,20093.943390-:,83.079,3,20093.943390-:,83.079,3

    4507,93.43/9438843041902,4784:7.04507,93.43/9438843041902,4784:7.0

    4102884388.3/0757088:701,84102884388.3/0757088:701,8

    /:739005897409090254190:3-:730//:739005897409090254190:3-:730/29:70,0,/41901,20/0.70,80819029:70,0,/41901,20/0.70,808190

    90251,89447,5/901,202,093:890251,89447,5/901,202,093:8

    %8503420343/:73/3,3/94,/%8503420343/:73/3,3/94,/

    .43/9438070#8,70129:708.43/9438070#8,70129:708

    ;070,3,3/8:-89,39,709,7/0/.43/9438;070,3,3/8:-89,39,709,7/0/.43/9438

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    20/54

    70;.020.,382870;.020.,3828

    70;.08390.42-:8943.,2-07,8,7070;.08390.42-:8943.,2-07,8,70

    82,;4:2093,7740397,3.0807082,;4:2093,7740397,3.08070

    1,208:3,-094503097,90843041902,471,208:3,-094503097,90843041902,47

    84:7.041028843884:7.041028843870;.070438,70;4:20-09003905894370;.070438,70;4:20-090039058943

    ,3/90.3/07970,/,74:3/9085,75:,3/90.3/07970,/,74:3/9085,75:

    85,.0,74:3/9085,75:00.974/0.70;.0885,.0,74:3/9085,75:00.974/0.70;.08

    ,74:3/9039,0,3/0,:89;,;00,/8,3/,74:3/9039,0,3/0,:89;,;00,/8,3/

    0,/,809.70;.00,/,809.70;.0

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    21/54

    ''0330.70;.0/,9,0330.70;.0/,9,4.,94341.70;.084.,94341.70;.08 70,.270,.2 !07.039,0!07.039,0

    85;4.3/0785;4.3/07

    0,7,3.0;4.3/070,7,3.0;4.3/07

    '4,-4;08973'4,-4;08973

    '4-048973'4-048973

    '4-09003738'4-09003738

    '4-03/3/73'4-03/3/73

    %49,73.70;.0;4:20%49,73.70;.0;4:20

    $5,75:970,/.70;.0$5,75:970,/.70;.0

    0,/,809.70;.00,/,809.70;.0

    %49,.70;.0;4:20%49,.70;.0;4:20

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    22/54

    0.,3820.,382

    8.3/0757088:703.70,808/:738.3/0757088:703.70,808/:73

    .42570884389740:3-:730/29:708147.0/.42570884389740:3-:730/29:708147.0/

    39490.70;.070438$3.098.70;.08,839490.70;.070438$3.098.70;.08,8

    ,70$'7,9490,814330,..70;.0,70$'7,9490,814330,..70;.0.448-0,997,381079490,:73.448-0,997,381079490,:73

    .42-:89439057088:70390.3/07.42-:89439057088:70390.3/07

    .4393:08947802470,3/24709,708:9.4393:08947802470,3/24709,708:9

    2470:3-:730/29:701489490.70;.082470:3-:730/29:701489490.70;.08$3.090.70;.08,8;073,7745,88,08$3.090.70;.08,8;073,7745,88,08

    1,20.,3349503097,9090701,20.,3349503097,909070

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    23/54

    0.,382.439/0.,382.439/

    &3-:730/,8081439490.70;.08:39&3-:730/,8081439490.70;.08:39.3/0757088:7089,79894/0.70,808.3/0757088:7089,79894/0.70,8083.0.70;.0,857088:708079,33.0.70;.0,857088:708079,3

    .3/07,857088:70,8148-,.1742.3/07,857088:70,8148-,.17420,..70;.089490.3/07472,0,..70;.089490.3/07472,.3/07,857088:7089,7994/0.70,80.3/07,857088:7089,7994/0.70,80174294/0700.7,3,30,1907174294/0700.7,3,30,1907

    %944190949,.3/07%944190949,.3/07.,7083472,97,550/39080.,7083472,97,550/39080.70;.08.70;.08

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    24/54

    -847594341303304-847594341303304

    :73.425708843897404,07390:73.425708843897404,07390

    .3/07,,-847-1:0;,54:7.3/07,,-847-1:0;,54:7

    -8475943.4393:089,1,411,20-8475943.4393:089,1,411,20

    5745,,9435745,,943

    %8,-847-0/1:0;,54:789,798/0847-3,9%8,-847-0/1:0;,54:789,798/0847-3,9

    9003/411,205745,,943,3/.4393:08949003/411,205745,,943,3/.4393:0894

    /0847-974:4:905,3843,3/0,:89/0847-974:4:905,3843,3/0,:898974089740

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    25/54

    $:22,7411472,9433$03308$:22,7411472,9433$03308

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    26/54

    0303003030

    030307057080398,850.,.,80/:0949894.9,3/98030307057080398,850.,.,80/:0949894.9,3/98.,7.3403.0110.9.,7.3403.0110.9

    94:98,8402990/349073/:897,,.9;9089894:98,8402990/349073/:897,,.9;908980892,90/9,9944190-03030390,924850700892,90/9,9944190-03030390,92485070

    .4208174290,:9424-0.4208174290,:9424-0 30,;97,11.:5949430,;97,11.:59494aa22 41-03030.,3-014:3/41-03030.,3-014:3/

    390,7390,7

    085909029,94341982,2:2.43903994-085909029,94341982,2:2.43903994-;4:20,3/,3,;07,0;,:041,74:3/94-09;4:20,3/,3,;07,0;,:041,74:3/94-09

    90,742,9.8,.9941472-03030,9900,:89070,890,742,9.8,.9941472-03030,9900,:89070,8904907/74.,7-438,.448,3/0,/,;0340110.9904907/74.,7-438,.448,3/0,/,;0340110.9

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    27/54

    %7005488-084:7.0841-03030%7005488-084:7.0841-03030

    02884380288438

    :0701:0348808:0701:0348808

    :00;,547,94348808:00;,547,94348808

    0303017420,:890303017420,:89

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    28/54

    #01:0348808#01:0348808 #01:0348808/0503/4390,2-039902507,9:70,990#01:0348808/0503/4390,2-039902507,9:70,990

    920,3/.,3-0/0907230/-90144306:,943920,3/.,3-0/0907230/-90144306:,943

    07007000 2,8817,.94341390;,54702990/2,8817,.94341390;,54702990/

    070070// 2,8817,.94341390,8430/897-:90/2,8817,.94341390,8430/897-:90/

    07007077 2,8817,.943413,84303909,32,8817,.943413,84303909,3

    7/0

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    29/54

    ;,547,94348808;,547,94348808

    ;,547,94348808174290.,7-:70947,3/901:09,3.708:9;,547,94348808174290.,7-:70947,3/901:09,3.708:9

    174290/885,943410,90390033089:730/411,3/1742174290/885,943410,90390033089:730/411,3/1742

    ;,7,94383902507,9:70-09003/,,3/3970857,943;,7,94383902507,9:70-09003/,,3/3970857,943

    %0144306:,9438,;0-003089,-80/%0144306:,9438,;0-003089,-80/ 330894550/330894550/

    09413;,547419009413,843009413;,547419009413,8430

    #0857,943#0857,943

    09413;,547419009413,843009413;,547419009413,8430

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    30/54

    030303900,:89030303900,:89 9,306:,943419014439509,306:,94341901443950

    070070

    00 09413900,:8909413900,:89 ,8,8 0941390,84300941390,8430

    709414907,742,9.8390,8430709414907,742,9.8390,8430

    3,:7450,3;0.01:00/9,8430.439,333,:7450,3;0.01:00/9,8430.439,33-0941-03030,3/-09414907,742,9.8-0941-03030,3/-09414907,742,9.8

    9,8-00314:3/9,94190-0303002990/,89,8-00314:3/9,94190-0303002990/,88:7;;0/.42-:8943,3/9,9,8.70,90//:738:7;;0/.42-:8943,3/9,9,8.70,90//:73.42-:894317424907,742,9.840138,3/..45,7,1138.42-:894317424907,742,9.840138,3/..45,7,1138

    7 ,80

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    31/54

    !43:.0,7,742,9./74.,7-438!43:.0,7,742,9./74.,7-438

    !! !8,70,742,9./74.,7-4389944724700303047!8,70,742,9./74.,7-4389944724700303047

    .45039,930738.45039,930738

    489!8,7014720/3902507,9:7070,.9438489!8,7014720/3902507,9:7070,.94383;4;357488,3/3.425090.42-:89434147,3.3;4;357488,3/3.425090.42-:89434147,3.

    2,99078,3/.,7-43.4254:3/82,99078,3/.,7-43.4254:3/8 !70803.041,742,9..4254:3/831:01,;4:78901472,943!70803.041,742,9..4254:3/831:01,;4:78901472,943

    41!41!

    0503/34390:7-,34.,9438980892,90/9,9940503/34390:7-,34.,9438980892,90/9,9944190!20,8:70/80307,90/-,:9424-084190!20,8:70/80307,90/-,:9424-08

    0800330802992082470!9,3,843003300800330802992082470!9,3,84300330

    489!8,7014:3/,-847-0/4390.,7-435,79.08489!8,7014:3/,-847-0/4390.,7-435,79.08574/:.0/-90.42-:8943574/:.0/-90.42-:8943

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    32/54

    ,7-4.4254:3/8,7-4.4254:3/8

    /0139439080,7047,3./0139439080,7047,3..4254:3/8.439,33.4254:3/8.439,33

    .,7-474:58%070,7094.,7-474:58%070,7094.,7-4.4254:3/83,20.,7-4.4254:3/83,20/0/08,3/094308./0/08,3/094308.

    ,7014:3/3:7-,3,70,8,7014:3/3:7-,3,70,8

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    33/54

    /0/08/0/08

    /0/08/0/08 ,70574/:.9841903.425090.42-:8943,70574/:.9841903.425090.42-:894341.,7-43.4254:3/8090744/.4,,8,843041.,7-43.4254:3/8090744/.4,,8,8430/08009./08009.

    03.090,7014:3/3,:94249;00,:89803.090,7014:3/3,:94249;00,:898

    %02,3,/0/0%02,3,/0/0 24891706:03914:3/3,724891706:03914:3/3,7 881472,/0/0.8,8414720/3901472,/0/0.8,8414720/390,92485070-,70,.943-0900390/747,/.,,92485070-,70,.943-0900390/747,/.,,3/209,30,3/209,30

    98,8414:3/390011:039841,850.,0/98,8414:3/390011:039841,850.,0/.02.,5,3989,9:809,8,839088390720/,90.02.,5,3989,9:809,8,839088390720/,90,3/32,3/0,3/32,3/0 .438:20/574/:.98.438:20/574/:.98

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    34/54

    094308094308

    094308094308 ,70.4254:3/89,9,70,70.4254:3/89,9,70

    57,.9.,,-8039174290.42-:894357,.9.,,-8039174290.42-:8943

    011:03980850.,30,:89,808011:03980850.,30,:89,808 %07570803.0390,924850708%07570803.0390,924850708

    088039,/:094907:80,884;0398088039,/:094907:80,884;0398

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    35/54

    4397441;0.:,702884384397441;0.:,70288438

    :039,088902/08324/1.,9438:039,088902/08324/1.,9438

    3304507,93;,7,-0824/1.,94383304507,93;,7,-0824/1.,9438

    330/08324/1.,9438330/08324/1.,9438

    &8041,1907970,92039/0;.08&8041,1907970,92039/0;.08

    :024/1.,943,3/:024/1.,943,3/

    &8041,9073,9;01:08&8041,9073,9;01:08

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    36/54

    39,088902/08324/1.,943839,088902/08324/1.,9438 ',7,94341',7,94341

    ,3/990;,7,9438417,94,3/990;,7,9438417,94

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    37/54

    39,088902/08324/1.,943839,088902/08324/1.,9438

    439/439/

    771:07,9484304190248925479,391:07,9484304190248925479,39

    5,7,209078.831.,3931:03.01:05,7,209078.831.,3931:03.01:0

    0.4342,3/0,:89,802884380.4342,3/0,:89,80288438

    0,30729:70;08407,3/0,30729:70;08407,3/

    0288438:39.42-:89436:,9-0.4200288438:39.42-:89436:,9-0.420

    5447;039:,281704..:7802884385447;039:,281704..:780288438

    7808,75,3/.42-:8943-0.420077,9.7808,75,3/.42-:8943-0.420077,9.

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    38/54

    39,088902/08324/1.,943839,088902/08324/1.,9438

    439/439/

    %470/:.0,3/0288438,99039438%470/:.0,3/0288438,99039438706:70/3901443,70,8706:70/3901443,70,8

    11.039,942,943411:094038:7057450711.039,942,943411:094038:70574507

    239,7239,7

    #0/:.943417.3088/:73/0.007,943#0/:.943417.3088/:73/0.007,943,3//3,3//3

    !7450729:70897039/:738://03!7450729:70897039/:738://03,..007,943,3//0.007,943,..007,943,3//0.007,943

    ;; 2574;0/.4/89,79889022574;0/.4/89,7988902

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    39/54

    39,088902/08324/1.,943839,088902/08324/1.,9438

    439/439/

    39,09807024/10/94574;/00,34739,09807024/10/94574;/00,347

    894.42097.29:70850.,-0994894.42097.29:70850.,-0994

    4,/4,/

    /897-:943,82574;0/-,770/897-:943,82574;0/-,770.,7-:709947.,7-:709947

    #0.039.9478,70-03705,.0/-!#0.039.9478,70-03705,.0/-!

    48900.9743.,.439740/3$890248900.9743.,.439740/3$8902

    :094;07897.902884334728248970.039:094;07897.902884334728248970.039

    9703/894:80100/-,..439748890289703/894:80100/-,..43974889028

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    40/54

    3304507,93;,7,-083304507,93;,7,-08

    24/1.,943824/1.,9438 5,79174239,088902/08324/1.,94385,79174239,088902/08324/1.,9438

    490790.36:080709,7/0/85,7923490790.36:080709,7/0/85,7923

    /029:70,/:8920391,8907/08500/0,3/029:70,/:8920391,8907/08500/0,3

    29:704507,94309..,370/:.00,:8929:704507,94309..,370/:.00,:89

    02884380288438

    #09,7/0/85,7923.,370/:.0#09,7/0/85,7923.,370/:.0 ,80,80

    ,8028843882:9,304:8,8028843882:9,304:8

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    41/54

    330/08324/1.,9438330/08324/1.,9438

    330/08324/1.,94388:.330/08324/1.,94388:.

    ,8.4257088437,94.42-:8943,8.4257088437,94.42-:8943

    .,2-07/0830,3-:730330.,2-07/0830,3-:730330,3/.,70897,910/033005,3/.,70897,910/033005

    70,9370/:.30,:8970,9370/:.30,:8902884380288438

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    42/54

    110.941/083,3/4507,93110.941/083,3/4507,93

    ;,7,-08430288438;,7,-08430288438

    0288438,110.90/-901443;,7,-08

    39,0902507,9:7039,0902507,9:70

    4257088437,944257088437,94

    24:39418:507.,7324:39418:507.,73

    771:07,941:07,94

    39439233943923

    3304,/,3/8500/3304,/,3/8500/

    ##

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    43/54

    110.9419025110.9419025431472,9437,90431472,9437,90

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    44/54

    110.941#43472,943110.941#43472,943

    4552

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    45/54

    ,3/.43.0397,94383$03300,:89,81:3.94341

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    46/54

    ',7,9438419.7,3,30 .48079485,75:

    39,.43/9438

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    47/54

    ,8507.039,0413/0800,:89,81:3.943414,/,3/8500/

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    48/54

    ',7,94341',7,94341 9#9#

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    49/54

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    50/54

    0288438,70,110.90/-901443;,7,-08

    3304,/,3/8500/3304,/,3/8500/

    $5,7923$5,7923

    #./,95041.42-.,2-0709.#./,95041.42-.,2-0709.

    ,907,.09902507,9:70,907,.09902507,9:70

    70;.08,70,70;.08,70,

    05489843589430,/$!.3/07,09.05489843589430,/$!.3/07,09.

    ',;04;07,5',;04;07,5

    %50411:0%50411:0 771:07,941:07,94

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    51/54

    110.9413943/0,4302884383$03308

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    52/54

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    53/54

  • 8/7/2019 Emissions in SI engines

    54/54

    0288438,110.90/-90

    1443;,7,-08

    71:07,94

    3304,/8500/,3/49074507,93.43/9438

    :06:,9