A PRESENTATION ONon

NEEDOF EMBEDDED SYSTEMAn embedded system is a special-purpose computer system

designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions often with real-time computing constraints. It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and mechanical parts. In contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer, can do many different tasks depending on programming. Embedded systems control many of the common devices in use today.

Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. .

HISTORY

When computers came into the market in the 1940’s, they were all Embedded Systems. However, they were never regarded as Embedded Systems because, firstly, they were regarded as computers; and secondly, because they were too large and uncouth to be formally termed as Embedded Systems.

“An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated often with real-time computing constraints.”

“It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and software parts.”

SoftwareHardware

Interface

• Designed to do a specific task. • Simplified system hardware. • Less costly.• In the form of small computerized parts in larger

devices. • Required limited computer hardware resources.• Little memory and small keyboard or screen.

Applications• Communications• Automotive automatic braking• Military applications – Missile

guidance systems• Industrial applications• Robotics

Traffic LightDVD player

Digital clockMoving message display

CPUGeneral-Purpose Micro-

processorRAM ROM I/O

PortTimer

Serial COM Port

Data Bus

Address Bus

General-Purpose Microprocessor System

• CPU for Computers• No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself• Example--Intel’s x86: 8086,8088,80386,80486, Pentium

Many chips on mother board

General-purpose microprocessor

RAM ROM

I/O Port

TimerSerial COM Port

Microcontroller

CPU

• A smaller computer.• On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...• Example:- Motorola’s 6811, Intel’s 8051 and PIC 16X

A single chip

Microcontroller

Microprocessor • CPU is stand-alone, RAM,

ROM, I/O, timer are separate• designer can decide on the

amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports.

• expensive• general-purpose• Ex. 8085,8086 mp, Motorola

6800, Intel’s 8086, etc.

Microcontroller• CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer

are all on a single chip• fix amount of on-chip ROM,

RAM, I/O ports• for applications in which cost,

power and space are critical• single-purpose• Ex. 8051, PIC mc, Motorola

MC’s, Phillips, etc.

Microprocessor v/s Microcontroller

PIC MICROCONTROLLER16F887

The PIC Microcontroller:The PIC16F887 is one of the latest products from Microchip. It features all the components which modern microcontrollers normally have. For its low price, wide range of application, high quality and easy availability

• The PIC family characteristics:o 8K Bytes ROMo 368 Bytes RAMo Three timer/counterso Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP)o 35 input/output porto Interrupt controller

PIC16F887 PIN DIAGRAM

PIC 16F887 ARCHITECTURE

● OrCAD is a proprietary software tool suite used primarily for electronics design automation. The software is used mainly to create electronics prints for manufacturing of printed circuit boards, by Electronics design engineer and Electronic technicians to create Electronics schematics.

● OrCAD consists of two tools: ► Capture is used for design schematic. ► Layout is a tool for designing the physical layout of components and circuits and a PCB

OrCAD Software

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