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Elements

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Compounds Elements: - ______

______________ when mixed form a __________

MIXTURES - can _______ to form completely new substances called _____________.

COMPOUNDS - simplest particles are ______________ have new/different ________________.

Iron sulphur

Elements

Compound MOLECULE

Iron Sulphide

REACTION

Mixture

S

atom

Fe

atom

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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Iron & sulphur, sugar and salt, sand and stone

Can be separated by PHYSICAL methods.

ELEMENTS are made up

of one substance only.

Compounds are formed when

one or more elements

combine chemically -REACT

Mixtures are formed when

different substances are mixed

together. Solutions are mixtures.

Carbon

Sulphur

Iron

Cannot be separated into

simpler substances.

Sodium chloride

Calcium carbonate

Can be CHEMICALLY separated

into simpler substances.

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An atom consists of a _________________ which has _________ and ___________ in it, surrounded by ______________ which orbit the nucleus at high speed.

The electrons are ______________ charged - the protons are _____________.

The number of electrons is always ________ to the number of protons.

The Atom

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THE NEUTRAL ATOM • The atom consists of a _________

containing _______ and _________

surrounded by a cloud of _________.

• Protons = _______________

(in a _______________ atom.)

Notation

Z

A

X _________________ (smaller)

= _________________

_________________ (bigger)

protons + _________ symbol

Number of neutrons = __________

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Elements & Compounds Decide which of the following substances are elements and which are

compounds. State which simpler substances each compound can be

broken down into.

Substance Element

/Compound

Simpler Substances

Salt (NaCl)

Copper

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Graphite (carbon)

Water (H2O)

Chalk (calcium carbonate)

Glass (silicon dioxide)

Aluminum

8 marks 9 marks

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The Atomic Symbols

Li 6

3

Atomic mass (A) - number of

6 protons and neutrons

Atomic number (Z) - 3

protons in the nucleus

(and electrons.)

The symbol for

the Lithium

Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic Number

= A - Z

= 6 - 3

= 3

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Atomic Structure

Symbol

Notation Name Protons Neutrons

Mass

Number Electrons

Calcium

3115P

14 30

13 6

Mg

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The Periodic Table

I VIII

Columns

Groups

Rows=

Periods

II III IV V VI VII

<-- Group Numbers -->

O

Oxygen is in group 6 and period 2.

S

Block d Block

P block

F block

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

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Reaction Equations

O

………

O

.........

O

O

+

TWO

molecules

of

………….

gas

and

One

MOLECULE

of …………

gas

REACT

to form

Two

MOLECULES

of ……………

H2 H2 O2

…..H2 + O2 ……H2O

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Bonding

Element 1 &

Valency

Element 2 &

Valency

Element 1 -

bonds

Element 2 -

bonds

Compound Formulae

Na +1 Cl -1 Na — Cl— Na —Cl NaCl

H +1 O -2 H— O H

O

H

H2O

Na +1 S -2 Na — S Na

S

Na

Na2S

Ca +2 O -2 Ca O Ca O CaO

H +1 C -4 H — C H

H —C —H

H

CH4

Li +1 O -2 Li — O Li — O

Li

Li2O

Si +4 O -2 Si O O = Si = O SiO2

C +4 O -2 C O O C O CO2

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Information: A bunsen burner can have two different flames (Blue and yellow). The flame can

also produce soot. We aim to determine which flame produces the most soot, to compare

that with the flame of a candle and also investigate other compounds produced in the

flame.

Hypothesis: State which flame you think will produce the most soot. Also state which other

compounds you think may be formed in the flame. (The reacting compounds are methane

(CH4) and oxygen (O2).

......................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................

………

hole

…….

flame ………

hole

…….

flame

……….or

………………

………………

Investigation: The aim of this investigation is to determine the reaction that takes

place in a bunsen burner flame.

Bunsen Burner Investigation

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Reactions

React to form

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water

+ +

Methane

CH4

Oxygen

O2

carbon dioxide

CO2

Water

H2O (steam)

AIR HOLE OPEN

React to form

CH4 + O2 C + 2H2O Methane and oxygen react to form carbon and water

+ +

AIR HOLE CLOSED

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Hi -

This is a SAMPLE presentation only.

My FULL presentations, which contain loads more slides (with all the gaps filled in) as well as

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