electrostrictive polymer composite
TRANSCRIPT
The effect of strain and frequency on the
harvested energy of an electrostrictive
polymer composite
Miss Kavalin Raya
ID 5510210555
Department of physics Prince of Songkla university
P105, 12th October 2015, 1.00-3.30 P.M.
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OUTLINE
• Introduction1.
•Experimentation2.
•Result & Discussion3.
•Conclusions4.
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Energy harvesting
Energy harvesting is the process by which energy is capture and
stored , also reference to as “energy scavenging” or “energy
extraction” can be defined as converting ambient energies such
wind , vibrations ,light etc.
To usable electrical energy by using energy conversion materials or
subsequent storage of the electrical energy for powering electrical
device.
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Comparison energy sourcesPower density( μ𝑾 𝒄𝒎𝟐)
1 year lifetimePower density( μ𝑾 𝒄𝒎𝟐)
10 year lifetime
Solar cell 15,000 direct sun150 (cloudy day)
15,000 direct sun*150 (cloudy day)
Vibrations 200 200*
*Roundy et al.,2003
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Vibration Energy harvesting
• Harvesting energy smart material
oPiezoelectric harvesting energy
oElectrostrictive harvesting energy
• Harvesting energy smart material
o Electromagnetic
o electrostatic
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Polymers for Energy harvesting
advantage disadvantage
• No external voltage source
• High voltage of 2~10V
• Compatible with MEMS
• Depolarization and aging
problems
• Brittleness
• Charge leakage
• High output impedance
Piezoelectric polymer harvesting energy
Electrostrictive polymer harvesting energy
• Flexibility and high electromechanical response
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Energy conversion using Electrostrictive polymer ?
ESP
Energy(electrical)
generate
actuator
Mechanical workE W
Electrostrictive polymer convert electrical energy to
mechanical work and vice versa.
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The purpose of this paper is a study of a effect of
strain amplitude and operating frequency on the harvested
current of the electrostrictive polymer composite.
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Theoretical
𝑆1 = 𝑀31𝐸32 + 𝑠11𝑇1
𝐷3 = Ԑ33𝐸3 + 2𝑀31𝐸3𝑇1
𝐷3 = Ԑ33𝐸3 +2𝑀31
𝑆11𝐸3𝑆1 − 2
𝑀312 𝐸3
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𝑆11
Electrostrictiveeffects
Electric displacement
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2
1
𝑺𝟏 the strain
𝑴𝟑𝟏 the electrostriction coefficient
𝒔𝟏𝟏 the elastic compliance
𝑻𝟏 The stress
𝑫𝟑 the electric displacement
Ԑ𝟑𝟑 the linear dielectric permittivity
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𝐼 =
𝐴
𝜕𝐷3𝜕𝑡𝑑𝐴
𝐼 = 𝐴𝜕𝐸3
𝜕𝑡Ԑ33𝑇 +
2𝑀31𝑆1−6𝑀312 𝐸3
2
𝑆11𝐸 +
2𝑀31𝜕𝑆1𝜕𝑡𝐸3
𝑆11𝐸 𝑑𝐴
Applied DC electric field on the sample (𝐸𝐷𝐶) so 𝜕E3
𝜕t= 0
𝐼 = 2𝑀31∗ 𝑌EDC 𝐴
𝜕𝑆1
𝜕𝑡𝑑𝐴
𝑃 = 𝑅𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠2
when
𝐼 is the current induced by set-up vibration
𝐸𝐷𝐶 is the electric field
𝑃 is the harvested power
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Experimentation o Film preparation
o Energy conversion with electrostrictive polymer
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Film preparation
PU
80°
C
45min
DMFCarbon
nanopowders
80°
C
12 min
DMF
60°C 12hr
80°C 6hr
Ultrasonic
80°
C ,20min
Nonocomposite solution
Spin-coating
55 × 22 𝑚𝑚2 , 60μ𝑚12
set-up energy harvesting
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6253823
Various Conditions• Strain amplitude of 0.75,2,4,and 6.5%• Frequency 3,6,and 9 Hz• Sample thickness 60μm
sample
resistor
Vbias
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Fig.1. The strain and strength function of time.
Condition
• Strain amplitude of 0.75,2,4,and 6.5%
• Frequency 3,6,and 9 Hz
• Sample thickness 60μm
sample
resistor
Vbias
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Results and discussions
Fig.2. The current as a function of transverse strain for a static electric
field of 13 V/μm and two mechanical frequency (i.e., 3 Hz and 6 Hz).
Current is almost double if they
double the frequency of
mechanical of excitation.
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Fig.3. The current as a function of frequency for field of 13 V/μm,
two amplitude of strain (i.e., 2 and 6.5%).
When these strain and frequency
increases, the current increases
proportional.
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Table 1
The electrical efficiency as a function of mechanical frequency for a constant strain of
5% and static field 13V/μm.
Table 2
The electrical efficiency as a function of transverse strain in for a mechanical
frequency of 6 Hz and static field 13V/μm.
Frequency (Hz) 3 6 9
Electrical Efficiency (%) 37.14 52.32 62.34
Strain (%) 0.75 2 4 6.5
Electrical Efficiency (%) 33.3 37.6 50.6 53.3
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Conclusions
• Accoring to the experimental result ,the polyurethane samples were
prepared using solution casting method which all films has a rectangular
(55 ×20mm𝟐
) .
• The electrical efficiency becomes positive (51%) with a transverse strain
amplitude of 4% at 6 Hz for the electric field of 13 V/μm.
• The harvested current of electrostrictive films increases when the
frequency and the amplitude of mechanical strain were increased.
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References
Mounir Medded, Adil Eddiai, Abdelowahed Hajaji, Yahia Boughaleb, Daniel
Guyomar, Mohamed Filyou, Synthetic Metals,188, 72– 76, 2014.
Adil Eddiai, Mounir Meddad , Khalid Sbiaai, Yahia Boughaleb,
Abdelowahed Hajjaji, Daniel Guyomar, Optical Materials ,36 ,13–17, 2014
Chatchai Putson,Energy convertion from electroactive materials and
Modeling of behaviour on these materialss,2010
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Acknowledgement
Asst Prof Dr.Chatchai Putson
Committee of Physics seminar
Department of Physics, Prince of Songkla University
Friends and family
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Summary of the comparison of the different type of mechanism
type advantage disadvantage
piezoelectric • No external valtage source• High voltage of 2~10V• Compact configuration• Compatible with MEMS
• Depolarization and aging problems
• Brittness• Charge leakage• High output impedance
electrostrictive • Compatible with MEMS• high electromechanical
response• flixibility
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The electrical efficiency of the polymer calculated by the ratio between the
input power and that harvested increases with transverse strain by the
increasing of mechanical frequency.
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