electronics & computer_ug elective course syllabi

8/7/2019 electronics & computer_UG elective course syllabi

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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.

1. Subject Code: EC - 342 Course Title: VLSI Technology

2. Contact Hours: L: 3 T: 0 P: 0

3. Examination Duration (Hrs.): Theory Practical

4. Relative Weight: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE

5. Credits: 6. Semester

Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 or equivalent

8. Subject Area: DEC

9. Objective: To provide knowledge of various processes and techniques for semiconductor

fabrication.

10. Details of the Course:

Sl.No.

Contents ContactHours

1. Crystal Growth: Czochralski and Bridgman growth, wafer preparation and

specifications.

4

2. Epitaxial Growth: Thermodynamics of vapour phase growth, selective

growth, MOCVD, molecular beam epitaxy technology, gas source MBE and

chemical beam epitaxy.

4

3. Oxidation: Deal-Grove model, linear and parabolic rate coefficients, oxide

characterization, types of oxidation and their kinematics, oxidation induced

stacking faults, oxidation systems.

4

4. Etching: Wet etching, basic regimes of plasma etching, reactive ion etching

and its damages, lift-off, and sputter etching.

4

5. Lithography: Optical, electron, X-ray and ion-beam, contact/proximity and

projection printers, advanced mask concepts, alignment.

5

6. Diffusion and Ion-Implantation: Fick’s diffusion law, atomistic model,

diffusion coefficient of common dopants and diffusion systems.

Scattering phenomenon, projected range, channeling and lateral projected

range, implantation damage, problems and concerns in ion-implantation

systems.

6

7. Metallization: Applications and choices, physical vapor deposition,

patterning, problem areas, multilevel metallization.

4

8. VLSI Process Integration: NMOS and CMOS IC technology, MOSmemory IC technology, bipolar IC fabrication. 3

9. Assembly Technique and Packaging: Package types, packaging design 4

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consideration, VLSI assembly technologies.

10. Yield and Reliability: Yield loss in VLSI, yield loss modeling, reliability

requirements, accelerated testing, BIST.

4

Total 42

11. Suggested Books:

Sl.

No. Name of Authors / Books / PublishersYear of

Publication

/ Reprint

1. Sze, S.M., “VLSI Technology”, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill. 1999

2. Tyagi, M.S., “Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices”, John

Wiley & Sons.

1991

3. Chang, C.Y. and Sze, S.M., “ULSI Technology”, McGraw-Hill. 1996

4. Campbell, S.A., “The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic

Fabrication”, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press.

1996

5. Plummer, J.D., Deal, M.D. and Griffin, P.B., “Silicon VLSI Technology:

Fundamentals, Practice and Modeling”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.

2000

6. Chen W.K. (ed.), “VLSI Technology”, CRC Press. 2003



Sl.

No.

Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of

Publication

1. Russell, S. and Norvig, P., “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern

Approach”, Pearson Education.

2006

2. Rich, E. and Knight, K., “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw-Hill. 2006

3. Nilsson, N. J., “Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis”, MorganKaufmann.

1998

4. Bratko, I., “Prolog Programming for Artificial Intelligence”, 3rd Ed.,

Pearson Education.

2001





1. Subject Code: EC - 384 Course Title: Digital Image Processing



4. Relative Weight: CWS PRS MTE ETE PRE

5. Credits: 6. Semester:

Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC - 202


9. Objective: To acquaint the students with the fundamental concepts of digital image

processing and its applications.


Sl.No.


1. Digital Image Fundamentals: Simple image model, sampling and

quantization, imaging geometry, digital geometry, different types of

digital images.

3

2. Bilevel Image Processing: Digital distance, distance transform,

medial axis transform, component labeling, thinning, morphological

processing, extension to grey scale morphology.

4

3. Binarization and Segmentation of Grey Level Images: Histogram

of grey level images, optimal thresholding, multilevel thresholding;

Segmentation of grey level images, watershed algorithm for

segmenting grey level images.

5

4. Detection of Edges and Lines in 2D Images: First order and second

order edge operators, multi-scale edge detection, Canny's edge

detection algorithm, Hough transform for detecting lines and curves,

edge linking.

6

5. Image Enhancement: Point processing, spatial filtering, frequency

domain filtering, multi-spectral image enhancement, image

restoration.

6

6. Color Image Processing: Color representation, laws of color

matching, chromaticity diagram, color enhancement, color image

segmentation, color edge detection, color demosaicing.

6

7. Image Registration and Depth Estimation: Registration algorithms,

stereo imaging, computation of disparity map.

6

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8. Image Compression: Lossy and lossless compression schemes,

prediction based compression schemes, vector quantization, sub-band

encoding schemes, JPEG compression standard, fractal compression

scheme, wavelet compression scheme.

6

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication

1. Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E. and Eddins, S. L., “Digital image

Processing Using MATLAB”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.

2008

2. Jahne, B., “Digital Image Processing”, 5th Ed., Springer. 2003

3. Pratt, W. L., “Digital Image Processing”, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons. 2001

4. Sonka, M., Hlavac, V. and Boyle, R., “Image Processing, Analysis and

Machine Vision”, 3rd Ed., PWS Publishing.

1998




NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Department of Electronics andComputer Engg.

1. Subject Code: EC - 413 Course Title:

Telecommunication Switching,Networks and Protocols





Autumn Spring Both



9 Objective: This course is designed to provide a detailed treatment of switching principles and

control of switching systems, traffic engineering and queuing models, and signaling

and transmission protocols for telecommunication networks.

10. Details of Course:

Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Network configurations; Transmission, switching and signaling; Circuit and

packet switching; Analog, digital and integrated digital networks.

2

2. Transmission media and impairments; 4-wire transmission: Hybrid, echo,

stability and crosstalk; Digital transmission and multiplexing, line coding,

framing and bit stuffing, plesiochronous digital hierarchies; SONET andSDH: Hierarchical model, frames and justification, virtual tributaries.

5

3. Space and time division switching; Switching elements and switching

matrices; Time division time- and space-switching; Multi-stage switching,

internal blocking, distribution and mixing; Evaluation of probability of

blocking of switching networks, Lee graph; Call packing, Benes networks

and Clos networks.

7

4. Traffic characteristics, Erlang, random process and Markov chain modeling

of traffic; Birth-Death models, differential equations and steady-state

solutions, Poisson process; Modeling of arrivals, interarrival times and

service times; Grade of service, time and call congestion; Little’s theorem,

M/M/1 queue, Erlang-B and Erlang-C formulations, M/G/1 queue, prioritized queues; Sequential hunting; Loss system with limited sources.

11

5. Call processing functions, signal exchange and state transition diagrams; 3

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1. Subject Code: EC – 501N Course Title: Modeling and Simulation




5. Credits: 6. Semester:

Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC - 101A / EC - 101B or equivalent


9. Objective: To acquaint the students to simulation techniques of discrete event systems.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours1. Introduction: Systems, models, discrete event simulation and

continuous simulation.

2

2. Discrete Event Simulation: Time-advance mechanisms, event modeling

of discrete dynamic systems, single-server single queue model, event

graphs, Monte Carlo simulation.

6

3. GPSS: Model structure, entities and transactions, blocks in GPSS,

process oriented programming, user defined functions, SNA, logic

switches, save locations, user chains, tabulation of result, programming

examples.

6

4. Random Number Generation: Congruence generators, long period

generators, statistical quality measures of generators, uniformity and

independence testing, chi-square and other hypotheses testing, runs

testing.

6

5. Random Variate Generation: Location, scale and shape parameters,

discrete and continuous probability distributions; Inverse transform

method, composition and acceptance-rejection methods, efficiency and

quality measures of generators; Selection of distribution for a random

source, fitting distributions to data, constructing empirical distributions

from data.

10

6. Queuing Models: Little’s theorem, analytical results for M/M/1,

M/M/1/N, M/M/c, M/G/1 and other queuing models.

6

7. Network Simulation: SimEvent tool box in MATLAB, general features

of network simulation packages, case study of OMNET++.

6

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Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/Reprint

1. Karian, Z.A. and Dudewicz, E.J., “Modern Statistical Systems and GPSSSimulation”, 2nd Ed., CRC Press.

1999

2. Banks, J., Carson, L.S., Nelson, B.L. and Nicol, D.M., “Discrete Event

System Simulation”, 3rd Ed., Pearson Education.

2002

3. Law, A.M. and Kelton, W.D., “Simulation, Modeling and Analysis”, 3rd

Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill.

2003



phase plane plots and rule base, Sugeno FKBC and its rule base.

7. Adaptive fuzzy control design and performance evaluation, various

approaches to design; Stability analysis of fuzzy controllers.

7

Total 42


Sl.

No.Name of Authors / Books / Publishers

Year of

Publication

1. Driankov, D., Hellendoorn, H. and Reinfrank, M., “An Introduction

to Fuzzy Control”, Narosa.

1996

2. Kosko, B., “Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems”, Prentice-Hallof India. 2007

3. Zimmerman, H.J., “Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications”, 4th Ed.,

Springer.

2001

4. Pedrycz, W. and Gomide, F., “ An Introduction to Fuzzy Sets

Analysis and Design”, Prentice-Hall of India.

2005

5. Ganesh, M., “ Introduction to Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic”,

Prentice-Hall of India.

2006

6. Alavala, C.R., “Fuzzy Logic And Neural Networks: Basic

Concepts & Application ”, New Age International.

2008





1. Subject Code: EC – 522N Course Title: Digital Control Systems





Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC - 321 or equivalent


9. Objective: To impart knowledge on the concepts of digital control, its performance, design

techniques and the methods for practical implementation.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Sampling process, hold circuits; Application and limitations of z -

transform, delayed and modified z-transform.

3

2. Review of transfer function, block diagrams and signal flow graphs;

Multi-rate discrete data systems.

5

3. State variable representation of digital systems, state diagram, analysis

of response between sampling points; Stability study of SISO and

MIMO systems, effect of sampling rate variations on stability.

8

4. Time domain, z-domain and frequency domain analysis, w-plane,

frequency warping and pre-warping, root locus and Bode diagram of discrete systems, MATLAB simulation of typical cases.

10

5. Digital simulation, modeling with S/H circuits, numerical integration in

simulation.

6

6. Design of digital control systems, bilinear transformation, PID

controller, cascade compensation, pole-zero cancellation designs, pole

placement and dead-beat designs, design exercises in both frequency

and time domain; Microprocessor and microcontroller implementation

of digital control algorithms.

10

Total 42


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Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Gopal, M., “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”, 2nd Ed., Tata

McGraw-Hill.

2003

2. Franklin, G.F. and Powell, J.D., “Digital Control of Dynamic Systems”,3rd Ed., Pearson Education.

2000

3. Philips, C.L. and Nagle Jr., H.T., “Digital Control System Analysis and

Design”, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall.

2005

4. Kuo, B.C., “Digital Control Systems”, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press. 2004





1. Subject Code: EC – 523N Course Title: Robotics and Computer Vision




5.Credits: 6. Semester

Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC- 321 or equivalent


9. Objective: The course introduces the fundamentals of robot dynamics, its features and

performance, controller techniques, and image analysis for obstacle avoidance.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Definition, structure and application areas of Robotics;

Introduction to the range of robots currently in use.

4

2. Direct kinematics of the robot arm, link description and its

connection; Frame assignment; Concept of actuator space, joint

space and Cartesian space; Inverse kinematics, algebraic solution,

geometric solution; Solvabilitly considerations and examples.

6

3. Manipulator dynamics, basic equations, Newton-Euler dynamic

formulation; Lagrange formulation of the manipulator dynamics;

Simulation.

8

4. Controller design, linear and non-linear control approaches, special

considerations like coupling, time-variation and model uncertainty;

Computed torque, variable structure and adaptive control

techniques.

9

5. Digital image fundamentals, digitization and 2-D parameters, types

of operation; Basic tools: Convolution, Fourier transforms and

statistical approaches.

6

6. Image analysis and processing, basic enhancement and restoration 9

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techniques, unsharp masking, noise suppression, distortion

suppression, segmentation, thresholding, edge finding, binary

mathematical morphology, grey-value mathematical morphology.

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication

1. Fu, K.S., Gonzalez, R.C. and Lee, C.S.G., “Robotics: Control,

Sensing, Vision and Intelligence”, McGraw-Hill.

1987

2. Pratt, W.K., “Digital Image Processing”, 2nd Ed., John Wiley &

Sons.

1991

3. Gonzalez, R.C. and Woods, R.E., “Digital Image Processing”, 3rd

Ed., Prentice-Hall.

2008

4. Klafter, R.D., Chmielewski, T.A. and Negin, M., “Robotic

Engineering An Integrated Approach”, Prentice-Hall of India.

2007

5. Schilling, R. J., “Fundamental of Robotics: Analysis and Control”,


2007

6. Sciavicco, L., “Modeling and Control of Robot Manipulators”,

McGraw-Hill.

2003




NAME OF DEPT./CENTRE: Electronics & Computer Engineering

1. Subject Code: EC – 535N Course Title: RF Packaging and Electromagnetic

Compatibility





Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: To introduce the issues involved in the design of modern electronic systems, which

are electromagnetically compatible with other electronic systems and comply with

related government regulations.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact Hours

1. EMC Requirements for Electronic Systems: Sources of

EMI; Aspects of EMC; Radiated susceptibility; Conducted

susceptibility; Electrostatic discharge; Design constraints for

products; Advantages of EMC design; Transmission line per-

unit-length parameters: Wire-type structures, PCB structures;

High-speed digital interconnects and signal integrity.

9

2. Non-ideal Behavior of Components: Spurious effects of

wires, PCB, component leads, resistors, capacitors,

inductors, ferromagnetic materials, electromagnetic devices,MMIC components, digital circuit devices, and mechanical

switches.

9

3. Conducted and Radiated Emissions: Measurement of

conducted emissions; Power supply filters; Power supply and

its placement; Conducted susceptibility; Simple emission

models for wires and PCB leads; Simple radiated

susceptibility models for wires and PCB leads.

12

4. Crosstalk: Three-conductor transmission lines, shielded

wires, twisted wires, shielding.

6

5. System Design for EMC: Safety ground; PCB design;System configuration and design. 6

Total 42

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Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint1. Paul, C.R., “Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility”,

Wiley Interscience.

2006

2. Kaiser, K.L., “Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook”, CRC

Press.

2004

3. Kodali, V.P., “Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility:

Principles, Measurement and Technologies”, IEEE Press.

2001





1. Subject Code: EC– 536N Course Title: Radar Systems





Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC - 312 and EC - 334 or equivalent


9. Objective: To introduce the students to the fundamental principles and the working of different

types of radar systems for military and civilian applications.


Sl.No.


1. Basic Radar Definitions: Radar equation, receiver noise, probability of

detection and signal-to-noise ratio, receiver bandwidth, target cross-section

and cross-section fluctuations, statistical description of RCS, antenna

coverage and gain, system losses.

6

2. Signal Models for Radar: Amplitude model: Range equation and its

distributed target forms; Clutter: Signal-to-clutter ratio, temporal and spatial

correlation of clutter; Compound models for RCS: Noise model and signal to

noise ratio; Frequency models: Doppler shift, simplified approach to Doppler

shift, stop-and-hop assumption; Spatial model: Variation with angle and

range, projections; Multi-path spectral models.

7

3. Types of Radar: CW, FMCW and multiple-frequency CW radars; MTI:

Delay line cancellers, transversal filters, low, medium, and high-prf radars,

staggered prf, multiple prf ranging, digital MTI, Doppler filter bank and its

generation, reflection of radar waves; Tracking radars: Conical scan radar,

error signal of conical-scan radar, monopulse radars, error signal of amplitude

comparison monopulse.

12

4. Radar Detection: Neyman-Pearson detection rule, likelihood ratio test,

threshold detection of radar signals, non-coherent integration of

nonfluctuating targets, Albersheim and Shnidaman equations, binary

integration.

6

5. Phased Array and Imaging Radars: Phased array principle and feed

systems, conventional and adaptive beamforming techniques; Synthetic

11

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aperture radar (SAR): SAR fundamentals, cross-range resolution in radar,

synthetic aperture viewpoint; SAR data characteristics: Stripmap SAR

geometry, stripmap SAR data set, stripmap SAR image formation algorithm;

Introduction to polarimetric and interferometric SAR.

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Skolnik, M.I., “Introduction to Radar Systems”, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill. 1997

2. Schleher, D.C., “MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar”, Artech House. 1991

3. Hovanessian, S.A., “Radar System Design and Analysis”, Artech House. 1984

4. Richards, M.A., “Fundamental of Radar Signal Processing”, Tata

McGraw-Hill.

2005

5. Sullivan, R.J., “Radar Foundations for Imaging and Advanced Concepts”,


2004

6. Mott, H., “Remote Sensing with Polarimetric Radar”, IEEE Press. 2007

7. Nathanson, F.E., “Radar Design Principles”, Scitech Publishing. 2002





1. Subject Code: EC – 537N Course Title: Microwave and Millimeter Wave Circuits



4. Relative Weightage: CWS 1 PRS MTE ETE PRE


Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: To provide an in-depth treatment of the theory of different types of transmission line

structures and their applications for the development of integrated circuits at

microwave and millimeter wave frequencies.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Fundamental Concepts: Elements of microwave/millimeter wave

integrated circuits; Classification of transmission lines: Planar, quasi-

planar and 3-D structures, their basic properties, field distribution and

range of applications; Substrate materials and technology used for

fabrication.

5

2. Analysis of Planar Transmission Lines: Variational approach for the

determination of capacitance of planar structures; Transverse

transmission line techniques for multi-dielectric planar structures;

Rigorous analysis of dielectric integrated guides; Use of effective

dielectric constant in the approximate analysis of dielectric guide.

12

3. Metamaterials: Theory of Composite Right/Left Handed (CRLH)

transmission line metamaterials; Representation of CRLH metamaterial

by an equivalent homogeneous CRLH TL; L-C network implementation

and its physical realization.

6

4. Discontinuities: Analysis of discontinuities in planar and non-planar

transmission lines and their equivalent circuit representation.

5

5. Passive Circuits: Design and circuit realization of filters, couplers,

phase shifters, and switches using planar and non-planar transmission

lines.

8

6. Active Circuits: Design and circuit realization of amplifiers and

oscillators using planar and non-planar transmission lines.

6

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Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/Reprint

1. Edwards, T.C. and Steer M.B., “Foundations for Interconnects and

Microstrip Design”, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons.

2001

2. Wolf, I., “Coplanar Microwave Integrated Circuits”, John Wiley &

Sons.

2006

3. Bhat, B. and Koul, S.K., “Stripline Like Transmission Lines”, John

Wiley & Sons.

1989

4. Caloz, C. and Itoh, T., “Electromagnetic Metamaterials:

Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications”, Wiley-

IEEE Press.

2005

5. Bhat, B. and Koul, S. K., “Analysis, Design and Applications of

Finlines”, Artech House.

1987

6. Koul, S.K., “Millimeter Wave and Optical Dielectric Integrated

Guides and Circuits”, John Wiley & Sons.

1997

7. Ludwig, R. and Bretchko, P., “RF Circuit Design”, Pearson

Education.

2000





1. Subject Code: EC – 538N Course Title: Wireless Channels and UWB Radio





Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: The objective of this course is to provide to the students a detailed understanding of

the characteristics of common wireless channels and their influence on system

performance. The students will also be exposed to the upcoming area of UWB

systems.

10. Details of Course:

Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Fundamental Concepts: Terrestrial links, satellite links, macrocells,

microcells, picocells, body-centric systems, UWB systems; Cellular concept;

Multiple-access schemes and duplexing; Review of antenna parameters; Friss

transmission formula.

5

2. Propagation Mechanisms: Review of reflection, refraction, and transmission

of electromagnetic waves on a plane boundary; Rough surface scattering;

Computation of field strength using ray optics; Wedge diffraction theory;

Ray-fixed coordinate system; Uniform theory of diffraction.

8

3. Basic Propagation Models: Path loss, noise modeling, free space loss, plane

earth loss, link budget.

2

4. Terrestrial Fixed Links: Path profiles, tropospheric refraction, obstruction

loss, multiple knife-edge diffraction, multiple edge diffraction integral,

diffraction over objects of finite size, influence of clutter.

4

5. Satellite Fixed Links: Effect of troposphere and ionosphere on path loss and

noise.

2

6. Mobile Communication Links: Empirical and physical models for path loss;

Statistical shadowing and its impact on coverage; Correlated shadowing;

Narrowband fast fading: AWGN channel and narrowband fast fadingchannels, Rayleigh and Rician distributions, Doppler effect; Wideband fast

fading: Cause and effect, wideband channel model and its parameters,

10

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frequency domain effects; Diversity techniques to overcome the effects of

multipath channel.

7. Ultra-wideband (UWB) Radio: Definition, benefits and applications of

UWB, properties of UWB signals and systems; Waveform generation:

Gaussian waveforms, waveform design for specific spectral masks, practical

constraints; UWB channel models: Multipath channel model, path loss model,

two-ray propagation model, measurement of channel characteristics; UWBantennas: Challenges in UWB antenna design, radiation of UWB signals,

types of UWB antennas, beamforming for UWB signals.

9

8. Introduction to Body-Centric Wireless Systems. 2

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Saunders, S.R., “Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication

Systems”, John Wiley & Sons.

1999

2. Stutzman, W.L. and Thiele, H.A. “Antenna Theory and Design”, 2nd Ed.,

John Wiley & Sons.

1998

3. Rappaport, T.S., “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice”,

Pearson Education.

2002

4. Ghavami, M., Michael, L.B., and Kohno, R., “Ultra Wideband Signals and

Systems in Communication Engineering”, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons.

2007

5. Siwiak, K. and McKeown, D., “Ultra-wideband Radio Technology”, John

Wiley & Sons.

2004

6. Hall, P.S. and Hao, Y. (Eds.), “Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric

Wireless Communication”, Artech House.

2006

7. Pahlavan, K. and Levesque, A.H., "Wireless Information Networks", John

Wiley & Sons.

1995

8. Hess, G.C., "Land-mobile Radio System Engineering", Artech House. 1993





1. Subject Code: EC – 539N Course Title: Fibre Optic Systems





Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC-242 and EC-331 or equivalent


9. Objective: To provide the concepts of optical fibres, sources and detectors used in optical

communication systems.


Sl.No.


1. Planar Optical Waveguides: Wave propagation in planar optical

waveguides, ray theory, electromagnetic mode theory, phase and group

velocity, dispersion.

5

2. Optical Fibre Waveguides: Wave propagation in cylindrical fibres,

modes and mode coupling, step and graded index fibres, single-mode

fibres.

5

3. Transmission Characteristics of Fibres: Attenuation, material

absorption and scattering loss, bend loss, intra-modal and inter-modal

dispersion in step and graded fibres, overall dispersion in single and

multi-mode fibres.

7

4. Optical Fibre Connection: Optical fiber cables, stability of

characteristics, fibre alignment; Fibre splices, connectors, couplers.

4

5. Optical Sources: Absorption and emission of radiation, population

inversion and laser oscillation, p-n junction, recombination and diffusion,

stimulated emission and lasing, hetero-junctions, single-frequency

injection lasers and their characteristics, light emitting diode structures

and their characteristics.

6

6. Optical Detectors: Optical detection principles, p-n, p-i-n, and avalanche

photodiodes.

3

7. Optical Communication System: System description and designconsiderations of an optical fibre communication system, noise in

detection process, power budgeting, rise time budgeting, maximum

5

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transmission distance.

8. Optical networks: WDM concepts and principles, basic networks,

SONET/SDH, broadcast-and-select WDM networks, wavelength-routed

networks, nonlinear effects on network performance, performance of

WDM & EDFA systems; Solitons; Optical CDMA.

7

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Senior, J.M., “Optical Fiber Communications”, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall

of India.

1999

2. Keiser, G., “Optical Fiber Communications,” 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill. 2000

3. Ghatak, A. and Thyagarajan, K., “Introduction to Fiber Optics”,

Cambridge University Press.

1999

4. Cheo, P.K., "Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics", 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall. 1990

5. Govar, J., "Optical Communication Systems", 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall of

India.

1996

6. Snyder, A.W. and Love, J.D., "Optical Waveguide Theory", Chapman

& Hall.

1983





1. Subject Code: EC – 541N Course Title: VLSI Physical Design





Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: To develop understanding of state-of-the-art tools and algorithms, which address

design tasks such as floor planning, module placement and signal routing for VLSI

logic and physical level design.


Sl. No. Contents Contact

Hours

1. Introduction: Layout and design rules, materials for VLSI

fabrication, basic algorithmic concepts for physical design, physical

design processes and complexities.

2

2. Partition: Kernigham-Lin’s algorithm, Fiduccia Mattheyes algorithm,

Krishnamurty extension, hMETIS algorithm, multilevel partition

techniques.

6

3. Floor-Planning: Hierarchical design, wirelength estimation, slicing

and non-slicing floorplan, polar graph representation, operator

concept, Stockmeyer algorithm for floorplanning, mixed integer linear

program.

10

4. Placement: Design types: ASICs, SoC, microprocessor RLM;

Placement techniques: Simulated annealing, partition-based,

analytical, and Hall’s quadratic; Timing and congestion

considerations.

8

5. Routing: Detailed, global and specialized routing, channel ordering,

channel routing problems and constraint graphs, routing algorithms,

Yoshimura and Kuh’s method, zone scanning and net merging,

boundary terminal problem, minimum density spanning forest

problem, topological routing, cluster graph representation.

12

6. Sequential Logic Optimization and Cell Binding: State based

optimization, state minimization, algorithms; Library binding and its

4

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algorithms, concurrent binding.

Total 42


Sl.No.

Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of Publication/

Reprint

1. Sarrafzadeh, M. and Wong, C.K., “An Introduction to VLSI Physical

Design”, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill.

1996

2. Wolf, W., “Modern VLSI Design System on Silicon”, 2nd Ed., Pearson

Education.

2000

3. Sait, S.M. and Youssef, H., “VLSI Physical Design Automation: Theory

and Practice”, World Scientific.

1999

4. Dreschler, R., “Evolutionary Algorithms for VLSI CAD”, 3rd Ed.,

Springer.

2002

5. Sherwani, N.A., “Algorithm for VLSI Physical Design Automation”, 2nd

Ed., Kluwer.

1999

6. Lim, S.K., “Practical Problems in VLSI Physical Design Automation”,

Springer.

2008





1. Subject Code: EC– 542N Course Title: Semiconductor MicrowaveDevices and Applications




5. Credits: 6. Semester Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: To introduce to the students the principles of operation of various microwave and

millimeter wave semiconductor devices and their circuit applications.


Sl. No. Contents ContactHours

1. Transient and ac behaviour of p-n junctions, effect of doping profile on

the capacitance of p-n junctions, noise in p-n junctions, high-frequency

equivalent circuit, varactor diode and its applications; Schottky effect,

Schottky barrier diode and its applications; Heterojunctions.

8

2. Tunneling process in p-n junction and MIS tunnel diodes, V-I

characteristics and device performance, backward diode.

3

3. Impact ionization, IMPATT and other related diodes, small-signal analysis

of IMPATT diodes.

4

4. Two-valley model of compound semiconductors, vd-E characteristics,

Gunn effect, modes of operation, small-signal analysis of Gunn diode,

power-frequency limit.

4

5. Construction and operation of microwave PIN diodes, equivalent circuit,

PIN diode switches, limiters and modulators.

3

6. High frequency limitations of BJT, microwave bipolar transistors,

heterojunction bipolar transistors; Operating characteristics of MISFETs

and MESFETs, short-channel effects, high electron mobility transistor.

7

7. Characteristics and design of microstrips, slotlines and coplanar

waveguides.

3

8. Design considerations for microwave and millimeter wave amplifiers and

oscillators, circuit realization, noise performance.

7

9. Introduction to MEMS for RF applications: micromachining techniques

for fabrication of micro switches, capacitors and inductors.

3

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √





1. Subject Code: EC – 543N Course Title: OptoelectronicMaterials and Devices







9. Objective: To develop understanding of optical materials, working of optoelectronic

devices and their applications.


Sl. No.

Contents

Contact

Hours

1. Optical processes in semiconductors, EHP formation and

recombination, absorption and radiation in semiconductor, deep level

transitions, Auger recombination, luminescence and time resolved

photoluminescence, optical properties of photonic band-gap materials.

7

2. Junction photodiode: PIN, heterojunction and avalanche photodiode;

Comparisons of various photodetectors, measurement techniques for

output pulse.

5

3. Photovoltaic effect, V-I characteristics and spectral response of solar

cells, heterojunction and cascaded solar cells, Schottky barrier and

thin film solar cells, design of solar cell.

6

4. Modulated barrier, MS and MSM photodiodes; Wavelength selective

detection, coherent detection; Microcavity photodiode.

7

5. Dynamic effects of MOS capacitor, basic structure and frequency

response of charge coupled devices, buried channel charge coupled

devices.

5

6. Electroluminescent process, choice of light emitting diode (LED)

material, device configuration and efficiency; LED: Principle of

operation, LED structure, frequency response, defects, and reliability.

5

7. Semiconductor laser diode, Einstein relations and population 7

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √



inversion, lasing condition and gain, junction lasers, hetrojunction

laser, multi quantum well lasers, beam quantization and modulation.

Total 42


Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Streetman, B.G. and Banerjee, S., “Solid State Electronic Devices”,

6th Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.

2008

2. Tyagi, M.S., “Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices”,

John Wiley & Sons.

1991

3. Bhattacharya, P., “Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices”, 3rd Ed.,

Prentice-Hall.

1998

4. Piprek, J., “Introduction to Physics and Simulation of Semiconductor

Optoelectronic Devices”, 4th Ed., Academic Press.

2003

5. Fakuda, M., “Optical Semiconductor Devices”, 4th Ed., John Wiley &

Sons.

1998

6. Kanu, K., “Semiconductor Devices”, Pearson Education. 1998





1. Subject Code: EC – 544N Course Title: Digital VLSI Circuit Design





Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC-203 and EC-242 or equivalent


9. Objective: To provide a thorough knowledge of digital VLSI circuit design - from inverter

to memory - at various levels of abstraction.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Review: Basic MOS structure and its static behaviour; Quality metrics of a

digital design: Cost, functionality, robustness, power, and delay.

2

2. CMOS Inverter: Static CMOS inverter, switching threshold and noise margin

concepts and their evaluation, dynamic behaviour, power consumption and

effect of scaling on CMOS performance metrics.

6

3. CMOS Combinational Logic: Static CMOS design, ratioed logic, pass

transistor logic, dynamic logic, speed and power dissipation in dynamic logic,

cascading dynamic gates, CMOS transmission gate logic.

7

4. CMOS Sequential Logic: Static latches and registers, bistability principle,

MUX based latches, static SR flip-flops, master-slave edge-triggered register,dynamic latches and registers, concept of pipelining, pulse registers,

nonbistable sequential circuit.

7

5. Timing Issues: Synchronous timing basics, classification, skew and jitter, and

their sources, clock distribution techniques, self-timed circuit design,

synchronisers and arbiters, clock synthesis and synchronization using PLL.

7

6. Design of Arithmetic Building Blocks: Adder, multiplier, shifter, and other

operators; Power and speed trade-off in datapath structures.

5

7. Memory and Array Structure: Core, ROM, RAM, peripheral circuitry,

memory reliability and yield, SRAM and DRAM design, evaluation of RNM

and WNM from butterfly curves, flash memory.

8

Total 42

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √




Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Rabaey, J.M., Chandrakasan, A. and Nikolic, B., “Digital Integrated

Circuits: A Design Perspective”, 2nd

Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.

2006

2. Kang, S. and Leblebici, Y., “CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits,

Analysis and Design”, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill.

2003

3. Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, K., “Basic VLSI Design”, 3rd Ed.,


1994

4. Eshraghian, K., Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, S., “Essentials of

VLSI Circuit and System”, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.

2005

5. Hodges, D.A., Jackson, H.G. and Saleh, R.A., “Analysis and Design of

Digital Integrated Circuits in Deep Submicron Technology”, 3 rd Ed.,

Tata McGraw-Hill.

2005

6. Uyemera, P.J., “Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems”, 4th Ed.,

John Wiley & Sons.

2003





1. Subject Code: EC – 551N Course Title: Advanced Operating Systems





Autumn Spring Both



9. Objective: To provide knowledge of concepts and implementation of advanced and state of the

art operating systems


Sl.No.


1. Theory and implementation aspects of distributed operating systems,

concept of object model for to operating system design.

6

2. Process synchronization in multiprocessing and multiprogramming

systems, analysis of multiprogramming system performance,

multiprocessor synchronization, multiprocessor scheduling.

6

3. Inter-process communication, remote procedure call, name services; Co-

ordination in large distributed systems: Time, coordination and agreement.

6

4. Distributed resource management, distributed file systems, virtual

memory and networking, applications.

5

5. Fundamentals of real time operating systems, real time multitasking,

embedded application, preemptive task scheduling, inter-task

communication and synchronization.

7

6. Information management in distributed systems, security, integrity and

concurrency problems.

6

7. Fault tolerance issues and solutions in operating systems, hot plugging,

hot swap, hot spare disk.

6

Total 42


Sl. Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √



No. Publication/

Reprint

1. Tanenbaum, A. S., “Distributed Operating Systems”, Prentice-Hall. 2001

2. Nutt, G., “Operating Systems”, Addison-Wesley. 2004

3. Penumuchu, C.V., “Simple Real-Time Operating System: A Kernel

Inside View”, Trafford Publishing.

2007

4. Singhal, M and Shivaratri, N.G., “Advanced Concepts in OperatingSystems”, McGraw-Hill.

1994





1. Subject Code: EC – 632N Course Title: RF and Microwave MEMS





Autumn Spring Both

7. Pre-requisite: EC-331, EC-332 or equivalent, and knowledge of semiconductor physics and devices.


9. Objective: To introduce the students to the new area of Microelectromechanical Systems

(MEMS) and their applications in RF and wireless engineering.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Introduction: RF MEMS for microwave applications, MEMS technology

and fabrication, mechanical modeling of MEMS devices, MEMS materials

and fabrication techniques.

6

2. MEMS Switches: Introduction to MEMS switches; Capacitive shunt and

series switches: Physical description, circuit model and electromagnetic

modeling; Techniques of MEMS switch fabrication and packaging; Design

of MEMS switches.

12

3. Inductors and Capacitors: Micromachined passive elements;

Micromachined inductors: Effect of inductor layout, reduction of stray

capacitance of planar inductors, folded inductors, variable inductors and

polymer-based inductors; MEMS Capacitors: Gap-tuning and area-tuning

capacitors, dielectric tunable capacitors.

9

4. RF Filters and Phase Shifters: Modeling of mechanical filters,

micromachined filters, surface acoustic wave filters, micromachined filters

for millimeter wave frequencies; Various types of MEMS phase shifters;

Ferroelectric phase shifters.

6

5. Transmission Lines and Antennas: Micromachined transmission lines,

losses in transmission lines, coplanar transmission lines, micromachined

waveguide components; Micromachined antennas: Micromachiningtechniques to improve antenna performance, reconfigurable antennas.

6

6. Integration and Packaging: Role of MEMS packages, types of MEMS 3

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √



packages, module packaging, packaging materials and reliability issues.

Total 42


Sl.No.

Name of Authors / Books / Publishers Year of Publication/

Reprint

1. Varadan, V.K., Vinoy, K.J. and Jose, K.J., “RF MEMS and their

Applications”, John Wiley & Sons.

2002

2. Rebeiz, G.M., “MEMS: Theory Design and Technology”, John Wiley

& Sons.

1999

3. De Los Santos, H.J, “RF MEMS Circuit Design for Wireless

Communications”, Artech House.

1999

4. Trimmer, W., “Micromechanics & MEMS”, IEEE Press. 1996

5. Madou, M., “Fundamentals of Microfabrication”, CRC Press. 1997

6. Sze, S.M., “Semiconductor Sensors”, John Wiley & Sons. 1994




NAME OF DEPT./ CENTRE: Department of Electronics and Computer Engg.

1. Subject Code: EC – 652N Course Title: Parallel and Distributed Algorithms







9. Objective: To provide an in-depth understanding of the fundamentals of parallel and

distributed algorithms.


Sl.

No.

Contents Contact

Hours

1. Introduction to data and control parallelism. 2

2. PRAM model and its variants, EREW, ERCW, CRCW, PRAM

algorithms, cost optimality criterion, Brent’s theorem and its

importance.

8

3. Processor organizations such as mesh and hypercube, embedding of

problem graphs into processor graphs.

4

4. Parallel algorithms for matrix multiplication, merging and sorting for

different processor organizations such as mesh and hypercube.

8

5. Introduction to distributed systems, synchronous / asynchronous

network models, leader election problem in ring and general

networks; Type of faults, fail safe systems, Byzantine faults,

distributed consensus with link and process failures.

8

6. Algorithms for BFS, DFS, shortest paths and spanning trees in

distributed systems.

6

7. Asynchronous networks: Broadcast and multicast, logical time,

global snapshot and stable properties; Network resource

allocation.

6

Total 42

0 3 0 0

15 00 35 0050

0 3 √




Sl.

No.


Publication/

Reprint

1. Quinn, M. J., “Parallel Computing Theory & Practice”,

McGraw-Hill

1994

2. Horowitz, E., Sahni, S. and Rajasekaran, S., “Computer

Algorithms: C++”, Galgotia Publications

2002

3. Lynch, N. A., “Distributed Algorithms”, Morgan Kaufmann. 2003

4. Miller, R. and Boxer, L., “Algorithms Sequential & Parallel: A

Unified Approach” , 2nd Ed., Charles River Media.

2005

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