1. Electronic Power PlantsHelena Gijn Jimnez y Marina Martn Mora, 3A

2. IndexConventional Electric Power Plants-Nuclear Power Plants-Fossil Fuel Thermal Power Plants-Hydroelectric Power PlantsNon-Conventional Electric Power Plants-Wind Power Plants and Wind Farms-Solar Power Plants-Geothermal Power Plants-Biomass Thermal Power Plant-Ocean Power Plants 3. What is the electricity?Electricity is the most widely used form ofenergy in idustrialised societies for tworeasons: 1.It can be easily transformed into others forms of energy.2. It can be tranported long distances with very little energy being lost. 4. How an Electric Power Plant works?They used an external source of energy toproduce electricty. To do this, they rely on aturbine-alternator system:-The turbine converts mechanical energy intothe rotating movements of a shaft.-An alternator has a fixed part, called a statorand a moving part called a rotor, connected tothe turbine shaft.This produce the alternating electrical current. 5. Conventional Electric Power PlantsNuclear powerplantsFossil Fuels ThermalPower PlantsHydroelectric PowerPlants 6. Nuclear Power PlantsThis type of plantinclude a nuclearfission reactor thatproduce thepressurised steamneeded to movethe turbine motor.The main fuel isthe uranium. 7. Working of Nuclear Power PlantsBasically, all power stations adopt the same method to produce electricity. A turbine is caused to rotate. A generator is attached to the shaft of the turbine. As the turbine turns, electricity is produced in the generator. This electricity is sent out through transmission lines to a distribution station of the Electricity Board. 8. Fossil Fuel Thermal Plants.At this type of powerplant, water isheated in a boiler bythe heat generatedfrom the combustionof a fossil fuel, usualin natural gas orcoal. The steam thatis generated movesthe turbinesconnected to the 9. Working of Fossils Fuel Power PlantThe first conversion of energy takes place in the boiler. Coal is burnt in the boilerfurnace to produce heat. Carbon in the coal and Oxygen in the air combine toproduce Carbon Dioxide and heat.The second stage is the thermodynamic process. 1.The heat from combustion of the coal boils water in the boilerto produce steam. In modern power plant, boilers producesteam at a high pressure and temperature. 2.The steam is then piped to a turbine. 3.The high pressure steam impinges and expands across anumber of sets of blades in the turbine. 4.The impulse and the thrust created rotates the turbine. 5.The steam is then condensed and pumped back into theboiler to repeat the cycle.In the third stage, rotation of the turbine rotates the generator 10. Hydroelectric Power PlantsThis type of power plant Gravity-driven: Wateruses the potencial used follows theenergy provide by thecurse of the riverheight of the storewater in a dam, and will not beconverting it into kinetic reused. Pump-driven: Waterenergy. This energydescends into amoves the blades of thereservoir located atturbine. a lower height, thenTherere two pumped to a highertypes: reservoir to reused. 11. Hydroelectric Power Plants 12. Non-conventional electric power plantsThe main disadvantage of this power plants isthat they generates much less energy, sincethey use diffuse energy sources.Their advantages are that the contaminatemuch less than conventional power plants,they use renewable sources and they reducethe energy dependent of petroleum andnatural gas.Therere five types: Wind power plants andwind farms; Solar power plants; Geothermalpower plants; Biomass Thermal power plant 13. Wind Power Plants and Wind FarmsThey use the kinetic energy of the wind tomove the plates of a rotor at the top of atower; this is referred to as the wind turbine.Wind Farms are a clean form of generatedelectricity. However, they can only be installedin places with appropiated wind conditions. 14. How does wind power plant works?By turning the axis of the generator quicklywe produce energy. The axes transmit themovement of the rotor to the generator. Theelectricity produced by the generator isextracted through cables that run downthrough the tower. 15. Solar power plantThese systems produce electricity on a large scale. They are uniqueamong solar technologies because they can store energyefficiently and cost effectively. They can operate whenever thecustomer needs power, even after dark or during cloudy weather.Schematic of electricity generation using molten-saltstorage: Sun heats salt in receiver; Salt stored in hot storage tank; Hot salt pumped through steam generator; Steam drives turbine/generator to produce electricity; Salt returns to cold storage tank 16. How does solar power plant works Solar radiation produces electrical energy. Thereare two types: Thermal solar and Photovoltaic.Thermal solar uses colectors to capture theesuns heat and make water hot. The hot waterthen flows through tubes in the collector, and canbe stored in tanks. Photovoltaic uses solar panelsto produce electricity directly from sun light. Solarenergy can be produced and used in homes. 17. geothermal power plant Ag e o t h e r m a l p o w e r p l a n t usesits geothermal activity to generate power.This type ofnatural energy productionisextremely environmentally friendly and usedin many geothermal hot spots around theglobe.To harness the energy, deep holes aredrilled into the earth (much like when drillingfor oil) until a significant geothermal hot spotis found. 18. How geothermal power plant works? When the heat source has been discovered,a pipe is attached deep down inside the holewhich allows hot steam from deep within theearths crust to rise up to the surface.Thepressurized steam is then channeled into aturbine which begins to turn under the largeforce of the steam. This turbine is linked tothe generator and so the generator alsobegins to turn, generating electricity. We thenpump cold water down a new pipe which is 19. Biomass thermal power plant Urban and agricultural organic waste is burned.The heat and gases produced by decomposingwaste are then used to move turbines wichgenerate electricity 20. Ocean power plant Tidal power stations fuction like traditional reservoirs, butthey are very expensive, wich discourages development 21. Do you think wind turbine can producefresh water?Wind turbines have long produced renewable energy but aFrench engineering firm has discovered another eco-purpose for the towering structures. This technologycould enable rural areas to become self-sufficient interms of water supply. As the design and capabilitiesdevelop, the next step will be to create turbines that canprovide water for small cities or areas with denserpopulations. The technology works by first generatingelectricity in the traditional manner of a wind turbine. Thispower enables the entire water generating system tofunction.