(electrically) large applications integral equation solver · pdf file(electrically) large...
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1 www.cst.com | Mar-09www.cst.com | Mar-09
(Electrically) Large Applications
&
Integral Equation solver
Agenda:
I-Solver Overview
Key Features
Large Structures / Applications
jeb / v1.0 / 03. Mar. 2009
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I-solver overview
Areas of application
Far-field & RCS computation
S-parameter calculation
For electrically large structures &
mid-size structures (≥ 0.1-1 λ)
Excitations
Waveguide port
Discrete face port
Plane wave
Farfield MP source
Current source
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Discretization by Method of
Moments (MoM)
Surface mesh
Multilevel Fast Multi-Pole
Method (MLFMM)
I-solver is based on …
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Idea of MLFMM
MoM
Each element couples to all
other elements
Dense matrices
FMM
Use boxes to combine
coupling
Sparser matrices
MLFMM
Recursive scheme
O(N log N) complexity
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I-solver – Solver overview
Direct & iterative solvers (MoM, MLFMM)
Automatic pre-conditioning
Higher order element discretization
Up to 3rd order discretization including mixed order
Open & electric boundary conditions
Perfect ground plane
Automatic surface mesh generation
Automatic mesh refinement at critical edges
NASTRAN mesh import
1st order
2nd order
3rd order
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Key features of I-solverI-solver – Integral Equation solver
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New Features – I-solver 2009
Specific features for large structures
Multi-pole field source
Current source
Infinite ground-plane
Fast Farfield calculation (for MLFMM solvers)
Higher accuracy & speed for the radiated power
calculation
Some examples…
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Multipole Field Source excitation
Example: Dipole
Reference simulation
1. Simulation with FFsource
2. Simulation with FFsource & Multi-poles
Dialog
www.cst.com Mar-09
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Multipole Field Source excitation
Example: Dipole
Reference simulation
1. Simulation with FFsource
2. Simulation with FFsource & Multi-poles
Reference FFsource FFsource & MP
Nearfields are better,
if multi-poles are considered
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Current source (Definition)
CableMod
*.rsd file
I-Solver supports rsd file format:
Filamentary source
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Current source (Solver Setup)
1. Select Source type: List
2. Click on Select...
3. Choose excitation
4. Specify frequency samples
5. Start simulation
All standard results and I-solver monitors are available.
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Current field source excitation
Excitation at 250 MHz
1st order MLFMM-AP
3min sim. time
Nastran import
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Current field source excitation
Excitation at 250 MHz
1st order MLFMM-AP
3min sim. time
E-field on surface
Surface current
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Infinite Ground-plane
Spiral antenna over ground plane
74mm, 5-6 GHz, ~1.5λ
1st order, 2.500 dof, 100 MB, ~30min
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Antenna Applicationsfor electrically large structures
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Applications – Aircraft at 4 GHz
26.4m x 26.6m x 7.7m 352λ x 355λ x 103λ at 4 GHz
780.000 unknowns, 1st order MLFMM
Surface mesh
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Aircraft with antenna at 4 GHz
26.4m x 26.6m x 7.7m 352λ x 355λ x 103λ at 4 GHz
780.000 unknowns, 1st order MLFMM
Dipole antenna on top of fuselage
3D Farfield plot
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7.30m x 6.10m x 2.30m 414λ x 346λ x 130λ at 17 GHz
1.3M Surface mesh cells, 1st order MLFMM
3D Farfield plotSurface currents
Surface mesh
Apache Helicopter at 17 GHz
Bi-conical
antenna
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Electrically large applications
Ship & sea water (ε=80),
25 MHz
143x30x3.5m
Mono-pole
antenna
Far-field
Surface current
Horn feed
17cm
Far-field
Dielectric lens (ε=2.53),
34.5 GHz
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900 MHz simulation for buildings
(outdoor/indoor)
Surface mesh
Simulation time: 5h 46min
Memory: 60 GB, 818k surface cells
Farfield source
Excitation
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Dimensions of the buildings
25m
25m
7.5m
8.6m
2m
20mConcrete
Dry soil
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Results at 900 MHz
3D-Farfield
E-field, clamped to 1 V/m
outside
inside
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Electrically large applications
Horn antenna with dish at 30 GHz
Radiation pattern
50λ
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Electrically large applications
360° RCS analysis, 0.5
GHz
13mMono-static RCS
(horizontal plane)
1° step size
Incident
plane wave
direction
Plane
wave8m
Tank on ground, 1 GHz
Far-field
Surface current
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Integral Equation solverSummary
Best for electrically large structures
Optimal complexity (memory & time)
Arbitrary material combination
Various excitations
Embedded in CST MICROWAVE STUDIO®
Antenna applications:
Farfield MP source