electrical conductors and insulators
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Electrical conductors and
insulators
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An electric circuit is a path along which current flows.
Current can only flow through a closed circuit.
Battery provides energy in a closed circuit and current transports energy from the battery to the bulb.
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Do all materials allow electricity to flow through them?
What kind of materials allow electricity to flow through them?
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Identify electrical conductors and electrical insulators.
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Infer that good conductors of electricity are generally good conductors of heat.
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Heat conductors are materials that allow heat to pass through it easily.
Examples: Metals - silver, iron, copper, aluminum.
Silver Copper
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Electrical conductors are materials that allow electric current to flow through.
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What types of materials are good electrical conductors?
Alumiuium?
Rubber? Wood?
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Electrical insulators are materials that do not allow electric current to flow through.
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What types of materials are electrical insulators?
Glass? Pencil lead?
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Use of a circuit tester: To test whether the material is a good electrical conductor.
Example of a circuit tester
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Step 1: Set up the circuit tester as shown above.
Step 2: Place the object between the open ends of the wire or crocodile clips.
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If the bulb lights up, it means the material allows electric current to flow through the closed circuit.
The brighter the bulb, the better the conductor of electricity is the material.
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Place the two aluminum plates into the liquid tested.
If the bulb lights up, a closed circuit is formed, allowing current to flow through it.
The liquid is a conductor of electricity.
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Electrical conductors are materials that allow electric current to flow through. Examples: salt water, metals such as copper, aluminium and non-metals like graphite (a form of carbon).
Copper Aluminium Graphite
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Good electrical conductors are generally good heat conductors. Examples: steel, iron
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Electrical insulators are materials that do not allow electric current to flow through. Examples: plastics, wood, rubber, glass.
plastic rubber