Clean Cities / 1

Electric Vehicles & Charging Stations

Alleyn Harned Executive Director aharned@vacleancities.org October 14, 2017

Solar Power and Electric Vehicle Charging

Clean Cities / 2

Agenda

NREL Image Gallery #14922 & #23854

EVSE & PEV Basics

PEV Models

AFDC Station Locator

Policies & Incentives

Installation Guidance

Clean Cities / 3

• Battery Electric – Pure electric, no gasoline – 24 to 100 KW batteries – 95 to 300 miles of range

Resource: www.fueleconomy.gov

Types of EVs and PEVs

2017 Chevy Bolt

2017 Nissan LEAF

2017 Chevy Volt

2017 Toyota Prius Prime

2017 Tesla Model 3

Clean Cities / 4

Market Growth of EVs

• 27 models of PEV or EV on

the market today

• In 2016, there are 36,000 charging ports in the United states

*source: InsideEVs, Monthly Sales Scorecard

Clean Cities / 5

Infrastructure: Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE)

Current Type Voltage (V) Charging Time Primary Use

Level 1 Alternating

Current (AC)

120V 2 to 5 miles of range per hour of charging

Residential/Workplace

Level 2 AC 240V 10 to 20 miles of range per hour of charging

Residential/ Workplace/Fl

eet

DC Fast Direct

Current (DC)

208/480V 60 to 80 miles per 20 minutes of charging

Commercial/ Fleet

Wireless AC 240V 10 to 20 miles of range per hour of charging

Residential Commercial

Clean Cities / 6

Uses: Charging at Home and In Public

Images: NREL Image Gallery #18723, #18870

Charging at Home • Most charge vehicles overnight at home

• Level 1 outlet or installed Level 2 EVSE • L2 240v installation typically require permitting and licensed contractors

Charging in Public • Increases vehicle range, especially for consumers who live in high-density

urban areas • Ideal public charging locations include:

• Workplaces or office buildings • Shopping centers • City parking lots • Airports • Hotels

Clean Cities / 7

Basics: Electricity Production and Distribution

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration

• Produced by steam turbine generators at power plants

• Electricity travels from generating facilities to distribution facilities

• With appropriate planning, plug-in electric vehicles are unlikely to strain existing electricity infrastructure in the near term

1%

49%

12%

32%

7%

Source of Virginia Electricity Generation, May 2017

Petroleum-Fired Natural Gas-Fired Coal-Fired

Nuclear Renewables

Clean Cities / 8

• Federal – EV tax credit $7500, Infrastructure Tax Credit – 30%

$30,000

• Washington DC – Infrastructure tax credit 50% $1000 and $10,000, reduced

registration fee fuel efficient vehicles

• Virginia – Retail EV Charging Regulation, HOV Lane Exemption,

Utility Off-Peak Charging Rate Reduction

• Maryland – Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Off Peak trial – Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Tax Credit of $3,000 – HOV Lane Exemption – Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Rebate

Program – Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Grants

State Policies and Incentives

Image: NREL Image Gallery #28005

Helpful Resource:

The Alternative Fuel Data Center Laws and Incentives Search provides information about available state and federal incentives for EVs and EVSE.

Clean Cities / 9

– The minimum power requirement per Connector is a 30A service, with a maximum of 100A where possible. The higher the current, the faster the charge rate.

– Walk the property and locate the appropriate amount of power in a panel that is close to available parking. The Connectors can also be at two different locations on the property.

– Try to avoid a location which requires trenching, pavement cutting, transformers, core drilling or X-Raying, as these add to installation costs.

– If practical, place the Connectors in a valet-controlled area. Valet can rotate guest vehicles after charging is complete.

Specifications

Level 2 EVSE Connector

Voltage 208/240

Phase Single

Amperes 30A to 100A

Dimensions H:15” W:6.2” D:3.7”

Enclosure rating NEMA 3R –Indoor/Outdoor

Mounting Wall or Pedestal

Cable Length ~25 ft

Vehicles served Current/Future EV

Average charge time 2 to 6 hours

Cost of electricity for average use

$6

Step 1 – Find Power

Clean Cities / 10

– Contact your preferred, local electrician and schedule a site-walk so they can prepare a formal quote.

– Have the electrician give you a formal quote that includes the following:

• Property name and address the work will be performed at.

• Individually list the number and circuit breaker size of each Connector being installed.

• Make a note of any panel upgrades, needed transformers, extra-long runs, coring or trenching that are included in the quote which have a significant impact on price.

Step 2 – Get a Quote

Clean Cities / 11

• Celebrate! • Add your EVSE to the website Plugshare.com so

EV drivers can find you.

Step 3 – Install Your Equipment

Clean Cities / 12

• Q: Can EVSE be installed outdoors? – A: Yes, the EVSE is NEMA 3R rated for indoor/outdoor

use

• Q: Does the EVSEhave to be mounted to a wall? – A: No, the connector can be mounted to wall or

pedestal. You have creative license to match a mounting pedestal to the motif of your business.

• Q: Does the EVSE work to charge other electric vehicles?

– A: Yes, The plug style used by electric vehicles is called J-1772 (or “universal”).

• Q: Does the EVSE require any maintenance? – A: No. There is no maintenance required, just

periodically wipe down with a damp cloth to keep the Connector clean and presentable.

• Q: Does the EVSE accept payment? – A: Depends on the complexity. Some EVSE are simple

“plug-and-play” device with no credit card reader or meter. Some have RFID and celluar connection that allows for credit card payments.

• Q: Are there parking signs for additional visibility to the?

– A: You will have to create your own EV parking signage.

FAQs

Clean Cities / 13

Other Considerations: Tools

afdc.energy.gov/tools

Clean Cities / 14

References and Resources

• AFDC Vehicle Cost Calculator (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/calc/) • AFDC EV Emissions page (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_emissions.php) • AFDC Light-Duty Vehicle search (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/search/light/) • AFDC Heavy-Duty Vehicle Search (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/search/heavy) • FuelEconomy.gov’s Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) page (http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/alternatives.shtml) • Clean Cities Plug-In Electric Vehicle Handbook for Fleet Managers (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/pdfs/pev_handbook.pdf) • Clean Cities Plug-In Electric Vehicle Handbook for Workplace Charging Hosts

(http://www.afdc.energy.gov/uploads/publication/pev_workplace_charging_hosts.pdf) • Clean Cities Plug-In Electric Vehicle Handbook for Public Charging Station Hosts (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/pdfs/51227.pdf) • Argonne National Laboratory’s (ANL) Well-to-Wheels Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis of Plug-in Hybrid

Electric Vehicles report (http://www.transportation.anl.gov/pdfs/TA/559.pdf) • Electric Drive Transportation Associations (EDTA) Electric Drive Sales

(http://electricdrive.org/index.php?ht=d/sp/i/20952/pid/20952) • National Fire Protection Association EV Safety Training (www.evsafetytraining.org) • National Alternative Fuels Training Consortium First Responder Safety Training

(http://www.naftc.wvu.edu/course_workshop_information/first_responders) • Plug-In America’s Vehicle Tracker (http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles)