el presente de indicativo: i work. i am working. i do work
TRANSCRIPT
El presente de indicativo:
•I work.
•I am working.
•I do work.
To form the present indicative tense you….
… drop the –ar, -er, -ir ending of the infinitive and add the following endings:
AR
Yo o
Tú as
Él
Ella a
Ud.
Nosotros(as) amos
Vosotros(as) áis
Ellos
Ellas an
Uds.
ER
Yo o
Tú es
Él
Ella e
Ud.
Nosotros(as) emos
Vosotros(as) éis
Ellos
Ellas en
Uds.
IR
Yo o
Tú es
Él
Ella e
Ud.
Nosotros(as) imos
Vosotros(as) ís
Ellos
Ellas en
Uds.
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns….
Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms but then are normal:
poner
pones
pone
ponemos
ponéis
ponen
hacer
haces
hace
hacemos
hacéis
hacen
traer
traes
trae
traemos
traéis
traen
salir
sales
sale
salimo
salís
salen
pongo hago traigo salgo
caer
caes
cae
caemos
caéis
caen
caigo
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns….
Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms but then are normal:
caber
cabes
cabe
cabemos
cabéis
caben
dar
das
da
damos
dais
dan
estar
estás
está
estamos
estáis
están
quepo doy estoy
saber
sabes
sabe
sabemos
sabéis
saben
sé
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns….
Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms and are stem changers:
Tener
tienes
tiene
tenemos
tenéis
tienen
tengo
venir
vienes
viene
venimos
venís
vienen
vengo
decir
dices
dice
decimos
decís
dicen
digo
The verb “oír” has an irregular “yo” form and also adds a “y” in all forms except for “nosotros” and “vosotros”. In addition, an accent mark is added to the “í” in the verb endings:
Oír
oyes
oye
oímos
oís
oyen
oigo
The verb “haber” has irregular forms except for “vosotros” in the present tense.
Haber
he
has
ha
hemos
han
habéis
The verbs “ser” and “ir” have irregular forms in the present tense…
Ser
soy
eres
es
somos
sois
son
Ir
voy
vas
va
vamos
vais
van
Certain verbs stem change in the present tense in all persons except for “nosotros” and “vosotros”. These verbs are also known as shoe verbs….
o>ue (volver)e>ie (preferir)
e>i (pedir)
pido
pides
pide
pedimos
pedís
piden
prefieres
prefiero
prefiere
preferimos
preferís
prefieren
vuelvo
vuelves
vuelve
volvemos
volvéis
vuelven
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” form in the present tense but they do follow patterns….
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” forms but then are normal:
recoger
recoges
recoge
recogemos
recogéis
recogen
traducir
traduces
traduce
traducimos
traducís
traducen
recojo traduzco
Verbs that end in -ger and -gir, change
g > j
Verbs that end in a vowel and
-cer or -cir, change
c > zc
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” form in the present tense but they do follow patterns….
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” forms but then are normal:
distinguir
distingues
distingue
distinguimos
distinguís
distinguen
distingo
Verbs that end in -guir drop the u in the yo form
convencer
convences
convence
convencemos
convencéis
convencen
convenzoVerbs that end in a consonant plus -cer, change
c > z
Verbs that end in -uir add a y before the ending except in nosotros and vosotros….
construir
construyo
construyes
construye
construyen
construís
Verbs that end in -uir, change
i > y in ALL persons except nosotros and vosotros
construimos
Verbs that end in -iar and -uar add an accent to the í and to the ú except in nosotros and vosotros
esquiar
esquío
esquías
esquía
esquiamos
esquiáis
esquían
actuar
actúo
actúas
actúa
actuamos
actuáis
actúan
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense: soler + an infinitive
“Soler” means to be “in the habit of” or “to be accustomed to” (like: acostumbrarse).
Therefore, NEVER use “soler” in the preterit tense.
soler
suelo
sueles
Suele
solemos
soléis
suelen
+ an infinitive
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense: hace + time + que + present.
Hace + time + the present is used to tell “how long something has been going on”.
Hace seis años que vosotros
estudiáis español. (You have
been studying Spanish for 6
years.)
¿Cuánto tiempo hace que nosotros estudiamos español? (How long have we been studying Spanish?)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense: haber.
1. Haber can be used to show exsitence (There is / There are ):
Hay 24 estudiantes en la clase. (There are 24 students in the class.)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense: haber.
2. Haber can be used to show necessity impersonally:
Hay que estudiar para el examen. (It’s necessary [One must] study for the test.)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense: haber.
3. Haber de can be used to show necessity as a synonym of “tener + que + the infinitive”:
He de ayudar a mi madre esta tarde. (I need to help my mom this after noon.)