ekfld /kez lopnrk izca/ku ds fy, okw'k vksj loklf; · 2018-04-25 · esa vk'kk djrk gww...

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ds fy, okW'k vkSj LokLF; çf'k{kkfFkZ; a ds çf'k{k.k dh fu;ekoyh ¼eSU;wvy½[kaM 1-0

MCY;w,l,llhlh }kjk lh[kus dh J`a[kyk,¡ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

eSa ;g tkudj [kq'k gwWaa fd dh fjlkslZ lsUVj is;ty ,oa LoPNrk] lsUVj QkWj xqM xoZusal] mRRkjk[k.M ekgokjh

LoPNrk izca/ku ij jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izf'k{kdksa dk izf'k{k.k vk;ksftr dj jgk gS rFkk ekgokjh LoPNrk izca/ku ij

rhu iqLrdsa okVj lIykbZ ,.M lSfuVs'ku dksyscksjsfVc dkmfUly ds lg;ksx ls izdkf'kr fd;k gS ;Fkk &

¼1½ ySc ekxZfunsZf'kdk ¼2½ dk;ZdrkZvksa ds izf'k{k.k dh ekxZfunsZf'kdk rFkk ¼3½ izf'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k dh ekxZfunsZf'kdk

LoPNrk ,oa lQkbZ efgykvksa dh futrk] xfjek]lqj{kk ,oa vkRelEeku ls tqM+k gqvk egRoiw.kZ eqn~nk gSAfueZy

Hkkjr vfHk;ku esa efgykvksa dh LoPNrk dh vko';drkvksa ij fo'ks‘k cy fn;k x;k gS rFkk fueZy Hkkjr cukus

esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr djrk gSA

ekgokjh efgykvksa rFkk yM+fd;ksa ds LokLF; rFkk muds thou'kfDr dk egRoiw.kZ ladsrd gSA bldk LoPNrk

iwoZd izca/ku xfjek ds lkFk fd;k tkuk vPNs LoPNrk ,oa lQkbZ dk vfHkUu vax gSAeq>s fo'okl gS fd LoPNrk

,oa lQkbZ dk vfHk;ku ;qok oxZ esa vf/kd izHkko'kkyh jgrk gS D;ksafd ;s yksx ykHkkFkhZ gSa rFkk ifjokj esa O;ogkj

ifjorZu ds dkjd gSA ;qok oxZ rsth ds lkFk fodYiksa dks Lohdkj djrk gS rFkk vPNs ifj.kkeksa dks izkIr djus gsrq

i}fr rFkk xfr'khy dk;Ziz.kkfy;ksa esa lEefyr gksrk gSA ;|fi dqN vxzxkeh ifjorZu lEHko gq, gS] ijUrq blesa

oSdfYid izfreku cukus gsrq dk;Z :i esa ifj.kfr ykus dk fopkj ugha feyrk gS tks fd lQyrk dks lqfuf'pr

djrk gSA okVj lIykbZ ,.M lSfuVs'ku dksyscksjsfVc dkmfUly ,oa mRRkjk[k.M vdkneh dk ;g iz;kl fu/kkZfjr

y{; dh izkfIr esa ,d dne gSA

eSa vk'kk djrk gWw fd okVj lIykbZ ,.M lSfuVs'ku dksyscksjsfVc dkmfUly ,oa mRRkjk[k.M vdkneh leqnk; dks

tkxr djus] etcwr djus rFkk visf{kr ifj.kke izkIr djus] fo'ks’k :i ls efgykvksa ,oa ;qok oxZ dks lqjf{kr ,oa

LoLF; i;kZoj.k rFkk fodflr ekgokjh LoPNrk izca/ku ds lqfo/kkvksa dks crkus esa lQyrk izkIr djsaA

iadt tSu

lfpo

is;ty ,oa LoPNrk ea=ky;

Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh

Pankaj Jain Secretary

iadt tSu lfpo Government of India

Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation 12th Floor, Paryavaran Bhavan, C.G.O. Complex

Lodhi Road, New Delhi - 110 003 Tel. No. : 24362705 Fax : 24361062

E-mail : [email protected]

Hkkjr ljdkj is;ty ,oa LoPNrk ea=ky;

MCY;w,l,llhlh ,e,p,e eSU;wvy okW'k vkSj LokLF; is'ksoj

prefaceizLrkouk

,d n'kd ls Hkh vf/kd le; rd pys ^lEiw.kZ LoPNrk vfHk;ku* ds dke dks vkxs c<+krs gq, 2012

esa fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku dk 'kqHkkjEHk xzkeh.k Hkkjr dks ^fueZy Hkkjr* esa :ikarfjr djus ds fy,

fd;k x;kA bls leqnk; lapkfyr rFkk tu dsfUnzr j.kuhfr;ksa ds }kjk leqnk; ds iw.kZ larfIrdj.k

ds fl)kUr dks vk/kkj cukdj leqnk; esa tkx:drk iSnk djus vkSj LoPNrk lsokvksa dh lqfo/kk,¡

miyC/k djkus vkSj muds iz;ksx dh ekax dks iSnk djus ds fy, viuk;k x;k gSA

fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds izeq[k y{;SaS%

Ä xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa lkekU; thou dh xq.koRrk esa lq/kkj ykukA

Ä lu 2022 rd] xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks fueZy cukus sds fy, Xkzkeh.k {ks=ä esa LoPNrk ds lar`fIrdj.k

esa rsth ykuk]ftlls ¡ns'k dh lHkh xzke iapk;rsa ^fueZy* gks ld

Ä tkx:drk l`tu vkSj LokLF; f'k{kk ds ek/;e ls LFkk;h 'k©pky; dh lqfo/kk d¨ c<+kok nsus

ds fy, leqnk;ä vkSj iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa d¨ çsfjr djukA

Ä Xkzkeh.k {ks=ä esa loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku ¼,l,l,½ds vUrxZr vlarÌr Ldwyksa vkSj vkaxuckM+h dsanzä

larÌr dks djrs gq, ogk¡ mfpr LoPNrk lqfo/kk,¡ eqgS;k djkuk vkSj Nk=ä ds chp LoPNrk]

f'k{kk vkSj LoPNrk lEcU/kh vknrä dk lfØ; çpkj djukA

Ä ikfjfLFkfrdh ds fy, lqjf{kr vkSj LFkk;h 'kkSpky;ksa ds fy, de ykxr vkSj mi;qDr

ç©n~;¨fxdh d¨ ç¨Rlkgu nsuk A

Ä leqnk; }kjk çcaf/kr i;kZoj.k LoPNrk ra= dks fodflr djuk tks xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa Bksl vkSj

rjy vif'k"V ds izHkkoh izca/ku }kjk lexz Xkzkeh.k okrkoj.k dks lkQ j[kus ij viuk /;ku

dsfUnzr djsaA

fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku esa vius mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr ds fy, efgykvksa ds Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks

'kkfey djus ij egRo fn;k x;k gS vkSj LoPNrk lsokvksa dks detksj oxZ ¼ftlesa os ?kj Hkh 'kkfey

gSa tgk¡ efgyk;sa ?kj dh eqf[k;k gS½ rd igq¡pkus dks] lqfuf'pr djus dh vko';drk crkbZ gSA ;g

igy ekWx vk/kkfjr nf"Vdks.k ij vk/kkfjr gS] ftlls ,slh vk/kkjHkwr lajpuk dk fuekZ.k gks lds

ftldks yksx pkgrs gksa rFkk iz;ksx esa ykus ,oa mldh ns[kHkky djus dks rS;kj gksaA ;|fi fueZy

Hkkjr vfHk;ku esa esa Li"V :i ls ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku¼,e,p,e½ dk mYys[k ,d fo"k; ds

:Ik esa ugha fd;k x;k gS ftldk izHkko efgykvksa ij iMrk gksA fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku ds y{; ds

vUrxZr vkus okyh vk/kh tula[;k esa ls efgaykvksa ds thoudky ds 35 ls 40 lky rd ekfld

/keZ u dsoy efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds LokLF; vkSj LoPNrk dks izHkkfor djrk gS cfYd blls

i;kZoj.k ij Hkh izHkko iM+rk gSA bldk mYys[k vyx ls ugha fd;k x;k gS rFkkfi gekjs izf'k{k.k

vkSj tkx:drk c<+kus okys izko/kkuksa] O;ogkj cnyus okys ekWMyksa] dk;ZØe ykxw djus ds ra=ksa vkSj

blesa miyC/k foRrh; O;oLFkkvksa rFkk fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku dh LFkkuh; Lrj ij O;k[;k] sjkT; ,oa

mldh fdz;kUo;u ,tsfUl;ksa ij NksMk x;k gSA Hkkjr esa ty vkSj LoPNrk lsokvksa ds forj.k dh

lQyrk vkSj fLFkjrk ds fy, ;gk¡ miyC/k {ks= vkSj 'kks/k v/;;uksa ls izkIr vkSj uhfrxr vuqHkoksa]

izca/ku vkSj izca/ku lacaf/k fu.kZ; ysus esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh vko”;d gSA


izLrkouk

ty vkiwfrZ lg;ksx ifj"kn ¼MCyw,l,llhlh½ }kjk ikap jkT;ksa esa] 2012 esa 12000 efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk fo|ky;ksa vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku iz;ksx’kkyk ¼MCyw,l,llhlh }kjk fMtkbu dh xbZ½ esa fd, x, izkFkfed 'kks/k esa Hkh yM+fd;ksa dh tSfod vko’;drkvksa ls tqM+h lqfo/kkvksa vkSj lsokvksa dh ekax dh iqf"V dh xbZA ,e,p,e iz;ksx’kkyk ^fueZy Hkkjr ;k=k* ds nkSjku lu~ 2012 esa ,d cMs dk;Zdze dk fgLlk Fkh ftldk vk;kstu ôk’k ;wukVsM* vkSj ^fDohdlSaM* }kjk Hkkjr ljdkj ds lkFk lk>snkjh esa fd;k x;k FkkA ;g ;k=k fueZy Hkkjr ds rhu izeq[k fcUnq Fks&[kqys esa 'kkSp jksduk] lkcqu ls gkFk /kksuk vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ij tkx:drk QSykukA

MCY;w,l,llhlh ,e,p,e iz;ksx”kkyk gtkjkas efgykvkas vkSj yM+fd;kas rd igq¡ph ftlesa v?;Ze~ xw¡t vkSj fMftVy ,eikWojesaV QkmaMs”ku tSlh dbZ NksVh vkSj e/;e vkdkj dh laLFkk;sa “kkfey gSaA ?kj] Ldwy as] dk;Z vkSj [ksy ds nkSjku gtkjksa efgykvksa vkSj yMfd;kas dh vksj ls O;DrZ Li’V vkSj Å¡ph vkoktksas dks ,e,p,e iz;ksx”kkyk esa lfEefyr gtkjkas iq:’kksa vkSj yMdkas us Hkh viuk leFkZu fn;kA ;s vkoktsa bl izdkj O;Dr dh xbZ &%vkbZ;s bl ckjs eas ckr djsa]vkbZ;s blds fy, dqN djsa rkfd ge vius ekfld /keZ dk izca/ku xoZ vkSj lEeku ds lkFk dj ldas vkSj bLrseky dh xbZ ekfld /keZ lacaf/kr lkexzh dk fuLrkj.k i;kZoj.k dks uqdlku fd;s fcuk sdjsaA ljdkj dh isjkSdkjh mlds lalk/kukas vkSj egRokdka{kkvkas ds lkFk tqM+dj] blls lacf/kr lans”k vkSj lsokvkas dks xzkeh.k Hkkjr dh efgykvkas vkSj yM+fd;kas rd igq¡pkus ds fy, ,d vkn”kZ eap iznku djrk gSA MCY;w,l,llhlh csgrj le>] tkudkjh lka>k djus] ijke”kZ] izf”k{k.k vkSj ekfld LoPNrk ij leFkZu ds fy, LFkkuh; vkSj jkT; ljdkjkas] izlkj dk;ZdrkZvksa] f”k{kdksa] izf”k{kdksa] is;ty ,oa LoPNrk rFkk LokLF; sdk;ZdrkZvksa ds lkFk o?kkZ ls csfr;k rd ,d lexz “kfDr ds #Ik esa dk;Z fd;k gSA izf”k{kdksa dks ;g ckr fcYdqy Li’V Fkh fd ;g dk;ZØe u;k ugha gS ij blls yksxkas dk tqM+ko ugha FkkA izR;sd jkT; dh yM+fd;ksa vkSj efgykvkas us ,e,p,e iz;ksx”kkyk eas gq, ppkZvkas dks] muds thou eas gks jgh igyh ckj dh ,slh egRoiw.kZ ?kVuk ds #Ik es crk;kA bl dk;Zdze esa efgyk,sa ,oa yMfd;kW ekfld pØ ds ckjs esa le> Ikk jgh Fkha vkSj lqjf{kr LoPNrk O;ogkjksa rFkk lkexzh ds iqu% iz;ksxksa ,oa mlds fuLrkj.k ds ckjs eas lh[k jgh FkhaA

bl lkexzh ds fodkl] ijh{k.k vkSj fVIif.k;ksa dks ik¡p jkT;kas esa fofHkUu vk;q lewgkas] Qksdl lewgkas vkSj vyx&vyx oxksZ ¼ftlesa Ldwy Hkh “kkfey Fks½ esa ijLij cSBdj dh xbZ ppkZ ds vk/kkj ij izdk”ku gsrq rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA MCY;w,l,llhlh }kjk ys[kdkas dh ,d dk;Z”kkyk Qjojh 2013 esa eqEcbZ esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ tgk¡ ,e,p,e iz;ksx”kkyk lgk;dksa] fMt+kujä] çf’k{kdä vkSj fo’ks"kKä dks fu;ekoyh vkSj midj.kksa dh ,d Jà[kyk fodflr djus ds fy, ,df=r fd;k x;k FkkA ,e,p,e ds ifjis{; esa fodykaxrk fo”ks’kK fo”ks’k :i ls iz’uxr lkfgR; ds lEcf/kZr ,oa izdkf’kr djkus gsrq vkefU=r FksA fofHkUu fo”ks’kKkas ds ukekas ds fy, ^vkHkkj* vuqHkkx ns[ksaA

bl lkexzh dks rS;kj djus esa bls i<us rFkk vklkuh ls iz;ksx djus dks /;ku esa j[kk x;k gSaaA ;g xq.koRrk vkSj lans”kksa dks fcuk fdlh =qfV ds leLr efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;kas rd bls igqapkus esa layXu lsok iznkrkvkas] vLFkk;h dk;ZdrkZvksa] lkeqnkf;d dk;ZdrkZvksa] f”k{kdksa] vfHkHkkodksa vkSj lg;ksfx;ksa }kjk dq’kyrkiwoZd ,oa izHkkoh rjhds ls iz;ksx ds fy, cuk;k x;k gSA ;g dsoy LoPNrk] ikuh vkSj LkQkbZ rd ghs lhfer ugha gS cfYd ;g vkjke] xoZ] LkEeku] vkRefo”okl vkSj blls Lkacf/kr ekax dks iSnk djus dh ckr djrk gS rkfd efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡ gj le; fcuk fdlh “keZ vkSj Mj ds Lkekt esa xkSjo ds lkFk th ldsaA


izLrkouk

efgykvkas vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks ekfld /keZ gksrk gS vkSj blls vxyh ih<+h dk tUe gksrk gSA tSfod izd`fr dh bl izfØ;k ij gekjh le> dks xgjk cukus ds fy, vkSj blls tqM+s xoZ vkSj vkRefo”okl ¼tks bldk LokHkkfod fgLlk gksuk pkfg,½ ds fy, bldk vkSj blls tqM+h lkexzh dk izdk”ku fd;k x;k gSA ekfld /keZ dk izca/ku ,oa blls tqM+h LoPNrk thou dk ,d egRoiwoZ fgLlk gS vkSj bu O;ogkfjd vk;keksa dks ;g izdk”ku ljy cukuk pkgrk gS rkfd efgykvksa dks xfjek vkSj xksiuh;rk ds LkkFk eghus ds fdlh Hkh le; LkkQ vkSj vkjkenk;d lqfo/kk;sa miyC/k gks ldsaA uhfrfuekZrkvksa] izf”k{kdksa] fodkl ds lk>hnkjksa ukxfjd lekt ds lnL;ksa] f”k{kkfonkas] ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa vkSj leqnk; ds usrkvkas dks bl izdk”ku ds mi;ksx djus ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k tkrk gS rkfd ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ls tqM+s cnyko dks c<+k;k vkSj foLrkfjr fd;k tk ldsA ;g iwjs ns”k eas py jgs fueZy Hkkjr vfHk;ku essa efgykvksa] yM+fd;ksa vkSj ;qok yksxkas dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh dks c<+kok ns ldrk gSA gesa vk”kk gS fd ;g lkexzh vkidks pqIih rksM+us vkSj bldh ppkZ djus esa lgk;rk iznku djsxh rkfd “keZ dh txg xoZ ys vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku izR;sd fo|ky;] LokLF; dsUnksaz] dk;ZLFkyksa ,oa fofHkUu ifjogu dsUnzksaz vkSj edkuksa ds ekufp=hdj.k ,oa fuekZ.k dk fgLlk gksA

vpZu ikVdj

dk;ZØe izca/kd] usVofdaZx vkSj Kku izca/ku] ty vkiwfrZ lg;ksx ifj"kn~

vkHkkj;g izdk”ku fuEu fo”ks’kKkas ¼tks eqEcbZ esa vk;ksftr ,d ys[ku dk;Z”kkyk esa blh mís”; ls bdëk gq, Fks½ }kjk lg;ksxiw.kZ rjhds ls fy[kk x;k Fkk% Yk{eh ewfrZ] ekfj;k QjusafMt+] fot; xkoMs] mfeZyk pue] oS”kkyh PkUnzk] d’.kk jkekor] f”kokaxuh VaMu] osnk tspkfj;k] fouksn feJk] vpZuk ikVdj ¼MCY;w,l,llhlh½A ;g izdk”ku MCY;w,l,llhlh ds tsusok LVkWQ ds ewY;koku

Lkq>koksa }kjk Hkh ykHkkfUor gqvk gS ftlesa t+syMk psuksfop] ,UMª;w dSuhfxfjjs] MsfoM eSF;w] o’kkZ “kekZ vkSj MfoM Vªwuk “kkfey gaSA

vLohdj.k;g izdk”ku ty vkiwfrZ ,oa LoPNrk lg;ksx ifj’kn~ ¼MCY;w,l,llhlh½ vkSj Hkkjr Lkjdkj }kjk feydj Ckuk;k x;k gSA gkykafd fdlh Hkh xyrh ;k pwd dh ftEesokjh dsoy MCY;w,l,llhlhs dh gksxhA bl fjiksZV eas nh xbZ fVIif.k;ksa vkSj lg;ksx ds fy, ikuh] LoPNrk] lQkbZ] iztuu] ;kSu LokLF; vkSj f”k{kk ls tqM+s Hkkjr ds izfrfuf/k;ksa vkSj vU;ksa dk d`rKrkiw.kZ vkHkkjA blesa bl fo’k; ij igys ls miyC/k lkexzh dks Hkh “kkfey fd;k x;k gSA

© 2013 ty vkiwfrZ vkSj LoPNrk lg;ksx ifj’kn~

;g fjiksVZ vkSj MCyw,l,llhlh ds vU; izdk'ku www.wsscc.org ij miyC/k gSaA

fMt+kbu vkSj izdk'ku% ,lhMCY;w] yanu] ;wds

dqath

lkexzh

fp=

tkudkjh

l=


1

lU-3: MenstrUal Hygiene ManageMent


2- i`"BHkwfe3- ifjp;4- çfrHkkxh5- lh[kus dh bdkbZ;k¡6- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 1 vko';drk] vo/kkj.kk vkSj ,e,p,e ds ?kVd

12- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 2 LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds chp laca/k

21- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 3 cfg"dj.k] fodykaxrk vkSj ,e,p,e esa iq#"kä dh Hkwfedk

30- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 4 fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼fd'k¨jä vkSj jt¨fuo`Rr efgykvksa½ ds fy, ,e,p,e

33- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 5 cgq Lrjh; laLFkkxr O;oLFkk,¡] Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ,e,p,e esa fofHké fgr/kkjdä

dh ftEesnkfj;k¡

36- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 6 Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä vkSj dk;ZLFkyä

esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, vko';d lqfo/kk,¡

38- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 7 lSfuVjh uSifduksa dk lqjf{kr fuiVku

46- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 8 çR;{k çf'k{k.k d©'ky] lapkj d©'ky vkSj utf+j;s esa cnyko

48- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 9 lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh ds n`f"Vd¨.k vkSj mudk ç;¨x

50- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 10 O;ogkj esa cnyko ds midj.k vkSj vkÃÃlh lkeXkzh dk mi;¨x

56- lh[kus dh bdkbZ 11 çf'k{k.k ewY;kadu

57- lh[kus dk LFkkukarj.k58- çf’k{k.k dh j.kuhfr59- lalk/ku vkSj lanHkZ60- çLrkfor le;&lkj.kh

izLrkouk

2

LU-3: MenstrUaL Hygiene ManageMent


,d efgyk dks vius thoudky essa dqy feykdj 40 lkyksa ds fy, ekfld /keZ gksrk gSA ysfdu

fodkl'khy ns'kksa eas jgus okyh dkQh efgykvksa dks lkQ ikuh] /kksus vkSj lQkbZ ds fy, lqjf{kr vkSj

futh {ks=ksa] ekfld /keZ jDr dk vo'kks"k.k djus okyh lkexzh ;k iz;ksx esa ykbZ gqbZ ekgokjh LoPNrk

lkexzh dks lqjf{kr <ax ls u"V djus ds fy, lgh LFkkuksa rd igq¡p izkIr ugha gSA

,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa] 20 dj®M+ efgykvksa dks ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh LoPNrk vkSj rkSj&rjhdksa

ds ckjss esa cgqr de le> gSA blds vykok dsoy 12 izfr'kr Hkkjrh; efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡

okf.kfT;d LoPNrk mRiknksa dk mi;ksx djrh gSaA

,sfrgkfld :Ik ls] efgykvksa ds 'kjhj vkSj ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh ls tqM+h HkzkfUr;ksa] fu"ks/kksa vkSj dyad

us Hkkjr esa ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh LoPNrk esa lq/kkj ykus ds mn~ns'; ls dh tkus okyh izxfr'khy igyksa

dks fu"Qy dj fn;k gSA cgqr ls leqnk; ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh dks v'kq}rk vkSj ifo= phtksa ds iznw"k.k

ls tksM+dj ns[krs gSaaA ;s ekU;rk,sa fu"ks/kksa vkSj dHkh&dHkh efgykvksa ds nSfud thou dh xfrfof/k;ksa ij

yxus okys fofp= fu;eksa ls tqM+ tkrh gaSA mnkgj.k ds fy, lcls vke izFkkvksa esa ls dqN esa vius gh

?kj ;k jlksbZ?kj esa izos'k] [kkuk] ikuh vkSj ikS/kksa dks Nwuk ;k /kkfeZd xfrfof/k;ksa eas Hkkx ysus ij izfrca/k

yxkuk 'kkfey gSaA

,slh /kkj.kk,¡ vkSj izFkk,¡ u dsoy efgykvksa dh xfjek dk mYya?ku djrh gSa cfYd buls muds dY;k.k

vkSj LokLF; ij Hkh xaHkhj izHkko iM+rk gSA lalk/kuksa ,oa Kku ds vHkko ds dkj.k efgykvksa dks cqfu;knh

LoPNrk lkexzh vkSj lqfo/kkvksa rd igq¡p izkIr ugha gksus ls fLFkfr vkSj [kjkc gks tkrh gSA dqN ekeyksas

esa] efgykvksa dks ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh ls fudyus okys jDr ds vo'kks"k.k ds fy, vLoPN fodYiksa tSls

fd jk[k] v[kckj] ?kklQwl] jsr ;k iqjkus fpFkM+ksa dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, etcwj gksuk iM+rk gSA ifj.

kkeLo:Ik] izR;sd ekfld /keZ ekufld] HkkoukRed vkSj 'kkjhfjd vk?kkr ls Hkjk gksrk gS ftlls iwjs

Hkkjr esa efgykvksa ds nSfud thou ij izHkko iM+rk gSA

Hkkjr esa rsbZl izfr'kr yM+fd;k¡ ;qokoLFkk rd igq¡pus ds rqjar ckn Ldwy tkuk NksM+ nsrh gSaA Ldwyksa

esa ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh ds izca/ku laca/kh ewy lqfo/kk,¡ ekStwn ugha gSaA Ldwyksa esa ekfld /keZ ls lacaf/kr

lkexzh] mls cnyus ds fy, LFkkuksa] 'kkSpky;ksa esa uy@cgrk gq, ikuh dk dksbZ lzksr vkSj fuiVku dh

lqfo/kkvksa dk u gksuk] ,d yM+dh dh f'k{kk ij izHkko Mky jgs gSaA fu"ks/k vkSj dyad ds dkj.k LokLF;

rFkk ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa yM+fd;ksa vkSj lfEefyr ds chp ckrphr ugha gksrh gSA

i"BHkwfe

3

lU-3: MenstrUal Hygiene ManageMent


ekfld /keZ LoPNrk efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds lEeku vkSj dY;k.k ds fy, vR;ar egRoiw.kZ

gS vkSj ewyHkwr LoPNrk] lQkÃ vkSj çtuu laca/kh LokLF; lsokvksa dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gS

ysfdu] ekfld /keZ blls tqMs+ lkaLd`frd ut+fj;s ds dkj.k vDlj ,d oftZr eqn~nk jgk gS]

ftlesa ;g fopkj Hkh 'kkfey gS fd ekfld /keZ okyh efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡ ^nwf"kr*] ^xanh* vkSj

^vifo=* gSaA

bl lkaLd`frd pqu©rh dk lkeuk djrs gq,] 2012 esa Hkkjr ljdkj vkSj 2012 okW'k ;qukbVsM

us vHkwriwoZ fueZy Hkkjr ^xzsVokW'k* ;k=k dk vk;¨tu fd;k1A bl dk;ZØe ds ckn] fd

MCY;w,l,llhlh ¼WSSCC½ ds usr`Ro esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e&MHM½ ij

dke ds rgr 747 efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dk baVjO;w fy;k x;kA fo"k; dsfUnzr lkewfgd

fopkj&foeZ’k esa 12]000 ls vf/kd y¨xä d¨ 'kkfey fd;k x;k] ftlesa f'k{kdä] leqnk; ds

LokLF; vkSj vkaxuokM+h2 dk;ZdrkZvksa us ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ çf'k{k.k ds fy,

dkQh vf/kd #fp fn[kkbZA blesa fuEu fo"k;ksa dks lacksf/kr djus dk fo'ks"k vkxzg fd;k x;k%

1- tehuh Lrj ij ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds LokLF; ls tMs+ ely a esa Kku dh deh(

2- LokLF;] f'k{kk vkSj lesfdr cky fodkl lsok ¼vklhMh,l&ICDS½ ds tehuh Lrj ds

deZpkfj; a esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ lacaf/k Kku vkSj dkS”kyksa dh deh(

3- ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ f'k{kk vkSj çf'k{k.k ds dk;kZUo;u ij fgr/kkjdä

dh vLi"V Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ftEesnkfj;k¡(

4- ewyHkwr deZpkfj;ä esa fo"k; ls fuiVus ds fy, çsj.kk dh deh ¼fcuk ekxZZn'kZu ds vkxs

u c<+kuk½A

bl ekax d¨ iwjk djus ds fy,] ;g fu;ekoyh okW'k ds çf'k{kdä vkSj LokLF; çnkrkvksa ds fy,

rS;kj dh xÃ gS rkfd os fu;fer :i ls pqIih esa Mwcs bl fo"k; vkSj efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa

ds LokLF;] f'k{kk vkSj vkthfodk ij çHkko Mkyus okys ,d eqn~ns ij fo'okl ds lkFk ckr

djus esa l{ke gäA ;g fu;ekoyh lh[kus dh bdkÃ;ä dh ,d Jà[kyk gS t¨ efgykvksa vkSj

yM+fd;ä ds fy, ekfld /keZ LoPNrk esa ^dSls lq/kkj yk;k tk,* bl y{; dks /;ku j[krs gq,

fpfdRldä ds f'k{k.k ds fy, cukbZ xbZ gSA ;g fofHké O;oLFkkvks esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds

egRoiw.kZ igyqvksa d¨ doj djrh gS vkSj ;g ekgokjh LoPNrk vH;kl ds nqfu;k Hkj ls feys

mnkgj.kä ij vk/kkfjr gSA

1 ,uch, dh XkszV okW'k ,d cgq&ek/;eksa okyh esxk&pSfEi;u ;k=k gS ftlus Hkkjr esa LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iSnk dh

vkSj O;ogkfjd cnyko d¨ c<+k fn;kA ;g çk:i ,d fo'kky 6]000&7]000 oxZ ehVj esa QSys dkfuZoy tSlk yxrk gS vkSj Ng lQkÃ

vkSj LoPNrk çdj.k okys vuqHkkxä ;k {ks=ä dk cuk gS] ftudk uke gS% [ksy vkSj xfrfof/k {ks=( çnZ'kuh {ks=( iz;ksx'kkyk( fu"iknu {ks=(

QSys gq, çnZ'ku( vkSj Hk¨tu vkSj [kqnjk O;kikjA

2 vkaxMokM+h Hkkjr esa ,d ljdkj }kjk çk;¨ftr cPpä dh ns[kHkky vkSj ek¡ dh ns[kHkky dk dsanz gS t¨ 0&6 lky dh mez ls cPpä dh

vko';drkvksa dk /;ku j[krk gSA vkaxuokM+h dk vFkZ fgUnh esa vkaxu esa vkJ; gSA

izLrkouk

4 MCY;w,l,llhlh ,e,p,e eSU;wvy okW'k vkSj LokLF; is'ksoj

bl fu;ekoyh ds ckjs esa vPNh tkudkjh ,d çf'k{kd d¨ fuEu n¨ eq[; y{; a d¨ iwjk djus nsxh%

1- f'k{kdä] vkaxuokM+h dk;ZdrkZvksa] vk”kk deZpkfj;ä vkSj lgk;d nkÃ;ä ¼,,u,e&ANM½

ds fy, jkT;] ft+ys vkSj xkao ds Lrjä ij ,d ikap fnuä ds çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dh ;¨tuk

cukuk] vk;¨tu vkSj lapkyu djukA

2- çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeä dh fuxjkuh vkSj ewY;kadu djukA

;g fu;ekoyh Hkfo"; ds çf'k{kdä d¨ fuEu tkudkjh nsdj mUgsa l{ke cuk;sxhs% lgdfeZ;ksa

vkSj deZpkfj;ksa esa izf'k{k.k vkSj mls yksxksa rd igq¡pkus dh {kerk% ,d ekfld /keZ LoPNrk

izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ çf'k{k.k ikB~;Øe ds çca/ku ds fy, rduhdsa( vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ ij tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj ¼vkbZblh&IEC½ midj.kä ds bLrseky ds ckjs esa KkuA

izfrHkkxh

Hkkjr ds çR;sd jkT; ls nl çf'k{kdä dks çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, LokLF; vkSj

ifjokj dY;k.k foHkkx }kjk p;fur fd;k tk,xk ¼çf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dk p;u jkT; ds vkdkj ds

vuq:i fd;k tk;sxk½A ;s çf'k{kd Loa; lsoh vkSj 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkvksa ;k ljdkj ds lkFk okW'k

vkSj LokLF; ij dke dj jgs is'ksoj yksxksa esa ls pqus tk,axsA çf'k{kdä dk çR;sd lewg 25&30

çf'k{kkfFkZ;ä ds dke d¨ ns[ksxkA

bl çf'k{k.k ds iwjk güs ij] izfrHkkxh fuEu dk;Z djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axs%

1- ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh vo/kkj.kk d¨ le>kus esa(

2- LokLF;] f'k{kk vkSj vklhMh,l foHkkx ds ewyHkwr deZpkfj;ä ds fy, çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk

lapkyu djus esa(

3- lSusVjh uSifdu d¨ lqjf{kr :i ls u"V djus dh çfØ;k dk o.kZu djus esa(

4- {ks= esa lgHkkxh n`f"Vd¨.k dk çn'kZu djus esa(

5- ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh vko';drk vkSj vgfe;r d¨ le>kus esa(

6- ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ij fofHké fgr/kkjd a dh Hkwfedkvksa vkSj ftEesnkfj; a

dk o.kZu djus esa(

7- ekax iSnk djus vkSj tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj ckrphr ¼vkbZblh½ okYkh xfrfof/k;ä ds fy,

lkekftd foi.ku i)fr dk o.kZu djus esa A

izLrkouk

5MCY;w,l,llhlh ,e,p,e eSU;wvy okW'k vkSj LokLF; is'ksoj

çf’k{k.k dk;ZØe esa 11 lh[kus dh bdkÃ;k¡ gSa] ftls nwljs dks ekfld /keZ ij izf’k{k.k nsus ls

igys izfrHkkfx;ksa dks t:j iwjk djuk pkfg,A

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 1 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh vko’;drk]

vo/kkj.kk vkSj ?kVdA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 2 LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds chp dk laca/kA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 3 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ esa vknfe; a dk otZu]

fodykaxrk vkSj iq:”kksa dh HkwfedkA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 4 fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼fd’k¨fj;ä vkSj jt¨fuo`r efgykvksa½ ds fy,

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½A

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 5 cgqLrjh; laLFkku O;oLFkk vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ esa fgr/kkjdä dh Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ftEesnkfj;k¡A

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 6 Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä vkSj dk;ZLFkyä esa

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, t+:jh lqfo/kk,¡A

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 7 lSusVjh uSifduä dk lqjf{kr fuiVkuA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 8 çR;{k çf’k{k.k dkS”ky] lapkj dkS”ky vkSj ut+fj;s esa cnykoA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 9 leqnk; a dk lgHkkfxrk nf”Vd¨.k vkSj mudk ç;¨xA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 10 O;ogkj esa cnyko ds midj.k ¼chlhlh&BCC½ vkSj tkudkjh]

f’k{kk vkSj lapkj dh lkexzh dk bLrsekyA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 11 çf’k{k.k ewY;kaduA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ;k¡

6



vko';drk] vo/kkj.kk vkSj ,e,p,e ds ?kVdmÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 1 dh lekfIr ij izfrHkkxh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh

vko';drk] vo/kkj.kk vkSj ?kVdä d¨ le>kus esa l{ke gäxsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

3 dFkkokpd dgkfu;ä dk vkSj muds laj{kdä ¼tteku½] t¨ iwjs jktLFkku esa vkSj Hkkjr ds fudVorhZ jkT;ä esa QSys gSa] ds oa'kä dk ftØ

djrs gq, dkon ds fofo/k iSuyä dh rgä d¨ [kÿrs gSaA

Øe

la[;k

fo"k;&lwph rjhdk Ekk/;e fu"iknu esa lgk;d midj.k

le; çf'k{kd

1 pqIih d¨ r¨M+uk O;k[;ku vkSj fQYe

CySd c¨MZ f¶yi pkVZ] f¶yi cqd3] ekfld /keZpØ] ,çu] dkxt dh fpVsa] ekdZj isu] pkVZ isij vkSj MªkWi ckWDl

45 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd & lkeqnkf;d LokLF; fo'ks"kK

2 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku dh vo/kkj.kk

O;k[;ku f¶yi pkVZ f¶yi cqd] ekfld /keZ pØ] ,çu] dkxt dh fpVsa] ekdZj isu] pkVZ isij vkSj MªkWi ckWDl

45 feuV

3 ekfld /keZ ds tho&foKku laca/kh igyw

fQYe vkSj ppkZ

f¶yi cqd] ekfld /keZ pØ] ,çu] dkxt dh fpVsa] ekdZj isu] pkVZ isij vkSj MªkWi ckWDl

30 feuV

4 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ?kVd% LoPNrk( vkSj lSusVjh uSifduä d¨ cukuk] laHkkyuk] bLrseky djuk] ns[kHkky djuk vkSj fuiVkuA

O;k[;ku vkSj n'; midj.k

CySd c¨MZ f¶yi pkVZ] f¶yi cqd] ekfld /keZ pØ] ,çu] dkxt dh fpVsa] ekdZj isu] pkVZ isij vkSj MªkWi ckWDl

45 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 1


igyk l=% pqIih d¨ r¨M+uk t+:jh lkexzh%

Ä f¶yi pkVZ ;k CySd c¨MZ

Ä LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa dsl LVMht+ dh çfr;k¡

Ä ekdZj isuA

izfrHkkfx;ä dk Lokxr djus vkSj ,slh laosnu'khy dk;Z'kkyk esa Hkkx ysus dh mudh lgefr

ds fy, mudk /kU;okn djus ds ckn] çf'k{kd çeq[k lokyä ds ,d lsV dk mi;¨x djds

ekgokjh ij ,d ppkZ vkjaHk djrk gSA gkykafd ;s loky fo"k; ls vlacaf/kr çrhr g¨rs gS ij

;s loky ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa ckrphr esa n'kZdä d¨ 'kkfey djus ds mÌs'; ls cuk, x;s gSaA

cgq/kk iwNs tkus okys dqN ç'u

iz'u% d©u&lh vk;q esa ,d yM+dh d¨ ekfld /keZ 'kq: g¨ tkrk gS\

mÙkj% dqN yM+fd;ksa d¨ ekfld /keZ vkuk 9 ;k 10 o"kZ dh vk;q ls gh 'kq: g¨ tkrk gS vkSj

g¨ ldrk gS fd dqN d¨ viuh igyh ekgokjh dqN lky ckn rd ugha vkrh gÄ

iz'u% ,d yM+dh dh ekgokjh fdrus fnuä rd pyuh pkfg,\

mÙkj% ,d ekfld /keZ dh vof/k gj yM+dh esa vyx&vyx g¨rh gS ysfdu vker©j ij ;g

3 ls 7 fnu yEch g¨rh gSA g¨ ldrk gS fd ,d yM+dh d¨ rhu fnu dh ekgokjh vkrh

g¨ tcfd fdlh nwljh yM+dh dh ekgokjh Ng fnuä rd pysA dqN ekeyä esa] ekgokjh

dh vof/k gj eghus vyx&vyx g¨ ldrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] g¨ ldrk gS fd

igys eghus] ,d yM+dh dh ekgokjh pkj fnuä rd pysa vkSj fQj vxys eghus ;g Ng

fnuä rd py ldrh gSA

iz'u% ekgokjh ds n©jku fdl çdkj ds [kk| inkFkZ [kkus ls ijgst djuk pkfg,\

mÙkj% dCt ls cpus ds fy, fu;fer Hkkstu tSls fd lfCt;k¡] jksVh] pkoy] nkysa] [kwc lkjk

js'kk [kk,¡ vkSj [kwc ikuh ih,sa] D;ksafd dCt ls ekfld /keZ ds ,saBu ls gksus okys nnZ esa

o`f) gks ldrh gSA uedhu [kk| inkFkksZ a esa deh ykdj 'kjhj eas ikuh ds vojks/ku dks

jksdk tk ldrk gSA

iz'u% ekfld /keZ ds n©jku 'kjhj esa dSlk eglwl g¨rk gS\

mÙkj% dHkh&dHkh ,d yM+dh ekgokjh ds le; ds vklikl 'kkjhfjd ;k HkkoukRed ifjorZuksa

dk vuqHko dj ldrh gS] tcfd gks ldrk gS fd nwljksa dks ewM ;k 'kjhj esa dksbZ

cnyko eglwl u gksA 'kkjhfjd cnykoksa esa 'kkfey gS% ,saBu] nnZ] lwtu] otu c<+uk]

Hkkstu dh yyd] nnZukd Lru] flj nnZ] pDdj vkuk ;k fpM+fpM+kiuA HkkoukRed

cnykoksa esa 'kkfey gSa% fpM+fpM+kiu] vkØkedrk] Øks/k] fpark ;k vkrad] Hkze] ,dkxzrk

dh deh] ?kcjkgV] ruko] Fkdku ;k volknA

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 1% vko';drk] vo/kkj.kk vkSj ,e,p,e ds ?kVd



iz'u% D;k ekgokjh ds nkSjku yM+fd;k¡ vLoPN vkSj vifo= gksrh gSa\

mÙkj% ekfld /keZ ls lacaf/kr [kwu esa dksbZ vifo=rk ugha gksrh gSA lQkbZ vkSj LoPNrk

ekfld /keZ izokg ls iSnk gksus okyh fdlh Hkh xa/k ;k laØe.k dks nwj djus ds fy,

egRoiw.kZ gSA

iz'u% D;k yM+fd;ksa dks dsoy lSusVjh uSifdu dk bLrseky djuk pkfg,\

mÙkj% ugha] lkQ vkSj lw[kk lwrh diM+k Hkh ekfld /keZ ls fudkyus okys [kwu ds vo'kks"k.k ds

fy, ,d iSM ds :Ik esa bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

iz'u% ekfld /keZ ds dkj.k gksus okyh ,saBu ls jkgr ds fy, D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS\

mÙkj% ,saBu dh fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij isV ij ;k ihB ij ,d xeZ ikuh dh cksry j[ksaA xquxqus

ikuh ls Luku djsaaA dksbZ xeZ is; inkFkZ ih,sa ¼tSls fd pk;½] lSj djsa] isV dh ekfy'k

;k elkt djsaA viuh dksgfu;ksa vkSj ?kqVuksa ij cSBsa rkfd vkidk xHkkZ'; uhps yVds]

blls mls vkjke feyrk gSA ?kqVuksa dks Åij mBkdj viuh dej ds cy ysV tk,¡ vkSj

mUgsa NksVs xksykdkj esa ?kqek,¡A

l= 2% ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh vo/kkj.kk

vxj izfrHkkfx;ksa esa iq:"k vkSj efgyk,¡ nksuksa 'kkfey gSa rks mUgsa fyax ds vuqLkkj fof'k"V lewgksa

esa foHkkftr djus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA eq[; lokyksa ds dqN mnkgj.k gSa%

• iq:"kksa vkSj efgykvksa ds 'kjhjksa esas eq[; fofHkUurk,¡ D;k gSa\

• tc yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;k¡ cM+s gksrs gSa rks muds 'kjhj esa dkSu ls cnyko vkrs gSa\

• ¼iq:"k izfrHkkfx;ksa ls iwNk tk,½ D;k vkius ns[kk gS fd vkids ?kj dh yM+dh ;k efgyk dks

fdlh dqN fof'k"V fnu ¼uksa½ ij ckdh ds ?kj ls ;k lkekU; nSfud dkeksa ls vyx dj fn;k

tkrk gS\

• ¼efgyk izfrHkkfx;ksa ls iwNk tk,½ D;k vkidks fdlh@dqN fof'k"V fnu ¼uksa½ ij ckdh ds ?kj

ls ;k jkst+ejkZ dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls vyx fd;k tkrk gS\

• vkids vuqlkj bl vyx djus] otZu¨a@izfrca/kkas vkSj izFkkvksa ds D;k dkj.k gSa\



vfrfjDr tkudkjh

lHkh mi;qDr tokc¨a d¨ vkxs ppkZ esa bLrseky ds fy, f¶yi pkVZ ij ;k CySd c¨MZ ij fy[k

ysaA ,d ckj izfrHkkfx;ksa ds rS;kj vkSj lgt gks tkus ij mUgsa laosnu'khy cukus ds fy, vki

dsl LVMh ds lkFk rS;kj jgsaA izfrHkkfx;ksa dks dgas fd os viuh dgkfu;k¡ lcds lkFk ck¡VsaA

eq[; lans'k%

• ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh cM+s gksus dk ,d

fgLlk gSA

• izR;sd efgyk ds fy, ekfld /keZ vkuk

lkekU; ckr gS ftlesa fHkUu :Ik ls

l{ke efgyk;sa Hkh 'kkfey gSaA

• ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh dksbZ efgykvksa

ls tqM+k elyk ugha gS cfYd ;g ,d

loZO;kih ¼lcls tqM+k½ elyk gSA

vknfe;ksa dks Hkh bl ckjs esa tkuus dh

t:jr gSA

• ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh ls tqM+s dbZ feFkd

vkSj xyrQgfe;k¡ gSaA


rhljk l=% ekfld /keZ dk thofoKku

lkewfgd xfrfof/k

izfrHkkfx;ksa ds tokckas dks ,d MªkWi ckWDl esa Mkyus dh O;oLFkk djus ds ckn mUgsa pkj lewgksa

eas ck¡V nsaA izR;sd izfrHkkxh dks ,d dkxt dh fpV4 vkSj isu nas vkSj lewg esa izR;sd dks

lokyksa ds fuEufyf[kr pkj lsVksa esas a ls ,d nsa %

lewg 1- efgykvksas dks ekfld /keZ ;k ekgokjh D;ksa gksrh gS\

lewg 2% efgyk,¡ ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh dk izca/ku djus ds fy, D;k bLrseky djrh gSa\ vkSj ekfld

/keZ@ekgokjh ds izca/ku ds fy, fofHkUu izdkj dh dkSu&lh lkexzh dk bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS\

lewg 3% ,d yM+dh dks dkSu&lh vk;q esa ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh 'kq: gks tkrh gS% ,d efgyk dks

,d eghus esa fdruh ckj ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh gksrh gS\ iwjs o"kZ esa mls fdruh ckj ekfld

/keZ@ekgokjh gksrh gS\ vkSj vius iwjs thou dky esa mls fdruh ckj ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh gksxh\

lewg 4% ekfld /keZ vkSj ekr`Ro ds chp D;k laca/k gksrk gS\

tokc¨a dk ladyu

tc vki ,d ckj MªkWi ckDl esa ls tokc bdV~Bs dj ysrs gSa] rc vki mUgsa lacaf/kr lewgksa ds

vuqlkj Nk¡V ysaA bl tkudkjh dks lcds lkFk ck¡Vus ds fy, tokcksa dks vyx&vyx pkVksZa

ij iznf'kZr djsaA

rF;ksa dks lk>k djuk

lkewfgd xfrfof/k ds ckn] ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh laca/kh rF;ksa dks lcds lkFk ck¡Vsa vkSj

izfrHkkfx;ksa }kjk mBk;s x, ijLij fojks/kh tokcksa ;k lq>koksa dks Li"V djsaA

blds ckn dkon f¶yi iqfLrdk ¼cqd½ dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vkneh

vkSj vkSjr ds 'kjhj esa gksus okys tho foKku lacaf/k vkSj 'kkjhfjd

cnykoksa dk o.kZu djsa] tks ppkZ dks efgykvksa vkSj iq:"kksa s essa gksus

okys ckgjh cnyko ls vkarfjd cnyko rd ys tkus esa lgk;d

gksxkA

var esa] ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh vkSj iztuu izfØ;k ds ckjs esa

lh[kus esa lgk;rk djus ds fy, lfp= ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh pØ

dk mi;ksx djsa ¼uhps fn;s x;s fp= 1 dks ns[ksa½A


4 tokc¨a ds vklkuh ls ladyu ds fy,] vyx&vyx lewg dh igpku ds fy, vyx&vyx jax

dh fpV dk mi;¨x djus dh d¨f'k'k djsaA


p©Fkk l=% ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ?kVd


Lkkexzh dh fdLesa ykHk gkfu

lwrh diM+s ls cus iSM

¼eyey½

1- vklkuh ls miyC/k

2- de dher@dksbZ dher

ugha

3- /kksus yk;d@nqckjk

bLrseky ;ksX;

4- fcuk tkaf?k;s ds igus

tkus ;ksX;

1- tYnh Hkhx tkrs gSa

2- cnyus esa dfBukbZ

3- ckj&ckj iz;ksx esa ykus ls tka?kkas

ds chp jxM+ iSnk djrk gS

4- xyr rjhds ls /kqykbZ] lq[kkuk

vkSj HkaMkj.k] laØe.k dk dkj.k

curk gS

5- Hkkj iM+us ij ;k mlds rM+dus

ij iSM ds fxjus dk [krjk

jk[k ls Hkjk] jsr vkSj

lw[ks iÙks okys diM+s dk

cuk iSM

1- vklkuh ls miyC/k

2- de dher@dksbZ dher

ugha

3- /kksus yk;d@nqckjk iz;ksx

djus ;ksX;

4- lks[kus dh vf/kd {kerk

1- laØe.k dk vf/kd [krjk

2- viuk Hkkj iM+us ij mlds rM+dus

;k iSM ds fxjus dk [krjk

3- tc jsr ls Hkjk gks rks Hkkjh vkSj

bLrseky ls vlqfo/kk

lSusVjh uSifdu

1-ikWyhej

2-ydM+h dk xwnk

3-:bZ

4-tSy

funsZ'k% izf'k{kd izfrHkkfx;ksa dks iSdsV ds doj ls lSusVjh uSifdu dh fdLe ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ns ldrk gS

1- lqjf{kr vkSj LoPN

2- lks[kus dh vR;f/kd

{kerkA

3- lqfo/kktud

4- cnyus esa vklku

5- lkFk ys tkus esa vklku

6- vklkuh ls miyC/k ¼dqN

nwj njkt ds xzkeh.k {ks=ksa

dks NksM+dj½

7- otu esa gYdk

1- egaxk

2- izkd`frd rjhds ls lM+us okyk

ugha] ftlls fuiVku eqf'dy

gks tkrk gS

3- ,d dh uSifdu dk yEcs le;

rd mi;ksx laØe.k vkSj

chekfj;ksa dk dkj.k curk gS

4- nqckjk iz;ksx djus ;ksX; ugha

5- ;fn uSifduksa dks 'kkSpky;ksa@

ukfy;ksa esa Qsadk tk, rks ;g

mUgsa tke dj ldrk gS

6- i;kZoj.k laca/kh iznw"k.k dk

dkj.k cu ldrk gS


LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds chp laca/kkmÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ & 2 dh lekfIr ij izfrHkkxh ekfld /keZ dh LoPNrk vkSj mlds LokLF; ij

iM+us okys çHkko dh vgfe;r dk o.kZu djus esa l{ke gäxsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa feFkdä d¨ gVkukA

O;k[;ku vkSj ppkZ

CySd c¨MZ Blackboard

20 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd & lkeqnkf;d LokLF; fo'ks"kK

2 çtuu laca/kh LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds igywA

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ 35 feuV

3 LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds u gksus dk izHkkoA


ifjp;

çR;sd efgyk tSls&tSls cM+h g¨xh vkSj fodflr g¨xh vius 'kjhj esa cnyko eglwl djsxhA

vf/kdrj fd'k¨fj;ksas a esa vkus okys cgqr ls ewyHkwr cnykoä esa ls ,d ekfld /keZ gS] t¨ fd

efgyk çtuu pØ dk ,d çkd`frd fgLlk gSA ysfdu ekfld /keZ vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ls

lacaf/kr elyä d¨ leqnk; ds lnL;ä vkSj vfHkHkkodä }kjk vDlj utjvankt dj fn;k tkrk

gS ;k ml ij ppkZ ugha dh tkrh gSA blfy, ,d çHkko'kkyh n`f"Vd¨.k dh t:jr gS t¨

lkekftd&lkaLd`frd dkjdä d¨ fopkj esa ysa vkSj ckrphr d¨ c<+kok nsA

fuEufyf[kr l= izfrHkkfx;ksaa d¨ mu vo/kkj.kkvksa esa leFkZ cuk,xsa t¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk

çFkkvksa dh igpku vkSj mudk ewY;kadu djus dh mudh {kerk d¨ csgrj cuk,axhA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 2


l= 1% ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa feFkdä d¨ nwj djuk ekfld /keZ gS%

• ,d ladsr fd ,d yM+dh ifjiDork dh vksj c<+ jgh gSA

• ,d efgyk dh ;¨fu ds ek/;e ls xHkkZ'k; dh Hkhrjh lrg ls Ård vkSj jDr dk cgukA

• bl êkfld /keZ* dks ekgokjh] ihfj;M] vkSj ekfld jDrlzko Hkh dgk tkrk gS] ekfld /keZ

tSfod ifjiDork dk ,d lkekU; vkSj çkd`frd fgLlk gSA

• tc fu"kspu ugha g¨rk gS rc ;g [kwu vkSj Ård xHkkZ'; ls fudyrs gSaA

• ,d LoLFk xHkkZ”; dh ekfld vkRe&LoPNrkA

• yM+fd;ksa ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ fodkl laca/kh ehy dk iRFkj] fcydqy oSls gh tSls yM+dä

ds fy, xhys lius g¨rs gSaA

Ekkfld /keZ ds ckjs esa rF;%

• ekfld /keZ ds igys pØ d¨ ^jt¨n'kZu* dgk tkrk gSA

• ekfld /keZ ekgokjh ds igys dqN lky cgqr fu;fer ugha g¨rs gSaA

• dqN yM+fd;ä esa igyh ekgokjh u© lky dh mez ls gh 'kq: g¨ tkrh gSA

• dqN efgykvksa d¨ çR;sd 28 fnuä ij ekgokjh g¨rh gS] tcfd vU;ä ds pØ cM+s ¼36 fnu½

;k pØ N¨Vs ¼21 fnu½ ds g¨rs gSaA

• vDlj ekgokjh n¨ ls lkr fnuä rd pyrh gS] ftlesa ekfld /keZ ds cgko dk vkSlr le;

ikap fnu g¨rk gSA

Ekkfld /keZ ugha gS%

chekj iM+uk] chekjh] laØe.k] uqd+lkunsg] xank] 'keZukd] vLoPN ;k vU;Fkk udkjkRedA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 2% LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds chp laca/k


ekfld /keZ pØ

ekfld /keZ vkSj çtuu çfØ;k ds ckjs esa lh[kus ds

fy, lfp= ekfld /keZ pØ dk mi;¨x djsaA

¼;gk¡ fp= 1 d¨ ns[ksa½A

ekfld /keZ dh 'kq#vkr ls igys ;k ij güs okys lkekU; y{k.k%

• 'kjhj dh lkekU; det¨jh( 'kjhj Hkkjh eglwl g¨rk gSA

• pDdj vkuk] mYVh] ,saBu@isV ds fupys fgLls esa nnZA

• fljnnZ] c<+s gq, vkSj nnZukd Lru] cq[kkj A

• ihB esa nnZ] fpM+fpM+kiu] volkn] Fkdku] eq¡gkls] vkfnA

Ekkfld /keZ LoPNrk t+:jh gS D;äfd ;g%

• laØe.k ls cpkrh gSA

• 'kjhj dh nqxZa/k d¨ j¨drh gSA

• efgykvksa d¨ LoLF; cus jgus esa l{ke cukrh gSA

• efgykvksa d¨ vkjkenk;d] vkRe&fo'oklh eglwl djus vkSj lkjk fnu rktk eglwl djus

esa l{ke cukrh gSA

[kjkc ekfld /keZ LoPNrk d¨ de djus ds rjhds

• efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds fy, LoPNrk ds ckjs esa f'k{kk vkSj çpkjA

• u©toku yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk ¼çkFkfed vkSj mlds ckn½A

• ;©fu eq[k vkSj gkFkä d¨ lkcqu vkSj ikuh ls vPNh rjg /kükA

5 e‚M~;wy ,d ls fy;k% ekfld /keZ LoPNrk & cqfu;knh ckrsaA ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dk Hkkx ek;us j[krk gS( nqfu;k Hkj esa] ekfld /keZ

LoPNrk esa lq/kkj ds fy, ,d lalk/ku] lkjk g‚ml }kjk fyf[kr] Thérèse Mahon and Sue Cavill (2012)

www.wateraid.org/~/media/Files/ Global/MHM%20files/Module1_HR.ashx

6 gkspo‚YV] ¼2012½ O;fDrxr lapkj-

7 eSdh Mh] cSD;wbjks ,e] ,uMjlu ,e vkSj djkt , ¼2009½ ;¨fu LoPNrk vkSj lkQ+ djuk% ykfruh iq#"k] laLd`frA

8 dsufMMk dh vfro`f) ls Nkys iMrs gaSA dsufMMk izk;% isM+ i©s/kksa] eqag vkSj ;¨fu esa lkekU; :i ls e©twn gksrk gSA blfy, 'k©pky;

tkus ds ckn gkFk ughas /küs ls] lSfuVjh uSifdu cnyrs ;k VSi‚u] ,d vkSj vfrlaosnu'khy O;fDr ¼tSls fd ,d cPps ds :i esa½ dh

;¨fu] ew=ekxZ ;k eq¡g esa laØe.k QSyk ldrk gSA



l= 2% çtuu laca/kh LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds igyw

ekfld /keZ ds n©jku efgykvksa vkSj fd'k¨fj;ksaa ds LoPNrk laca/kh O;ogkj cgqr vf/kd egRoiw.kZ

gSa] D;äfd ;s çtuu ekxZ ds laØe.kä ¼vkjVhvkbZ½ ds t¨f[ke d¨ c<+k ldrs gSaA fodkl'khy

ns'kä esa çtuu ekxZ ds laØe.kä ds mPp çlkj ds fy, eq[; dkj.kä esa ls ,d dkj.k [kjkc

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk gS vkSj ;g efgykvksa dh vLoLFrk esa dkQh gn rd ;¨xnku nsrk gSA

;©u çtuu chekfj;ä esa ls dqN ij fo"k; dsfUnzr lkewfgd ppkZ d¨ 'kq: djus ds fy, ¼ftUgsa

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ls t¨M+k tk ldrk gS½ laHkkfor {ks=ä ds :i esa uhps 5 rkfydk esa

lwphc) mnkgj.k nsa%

O;ogkj LokLF; tksf[ke

xans lSfuVjh iSM@lkefxz;k¡ cSfDVfj;k ls LFkkuh; laØe.k gks ldrk gS ;k og ;ksfu rd igq¡pdj xHkZuky esa izos'k dj ldrk gSA

iSM dks cnyuk xhys iSM esa tyu gks ldrh gS vkSj Ropk QVh gksus ij ;g laØe.k dk dkj.k gks ldrk gSA

;ksfu esa xanh lkexzh dk ?kqlkuk cSfDVfj;k dh xHkkZ'k; xzhok vkSj xHkkZ'k; uky@xqgk rd igq¡pus dh laHkkouk gksrh gSA

de jDrlzko ds le; cgqr vf/kd

vo'kks"k.k okys VSEikWu dk iz;ksx djukA

VkWfDld 'kkWd flUMªkseA

tc ekfldlzko u gks rc VSEikWu dk

iz;ksx djuk( mnkgj.kkFkZ ;ksfulzko ds

vo'kks"k.k gsrwA

;g ;ksfuekxZ esa tyu vkSj ;ksfu ds vlkekU; lzko ds fy, fpfdRlh; ijke'kZ ysus esa Hkh nsjh dk dkj.k cu ldrk gS6A

'kkSp ;k ew=R;kx ds ckn ihNs ls

lkeus dh rjQ ikasaNukA

'kkSp ds }kjk cSfDVfj;k ds ;ksfu( ;k ew= ekxZ rd igq¡pus dh laHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA

vlqjf{kr ;kSu laca/k blls ;kSu lapkfjr laØe.kksa ;k ekfld /keZ ds nkSjku ,pvkbZoh ;k gSfiVkbZfVl ch dk laHkkfor tksf[ke c<+ tkrk gSA

iz;ksx esa yk, gq, lSfuVjh lkexzh

;k [kwu dk vlqjf{kr fuiVkuA

nwljksas dks laØfer djus dk (fo'ks"k:Ik ls gSfiVkbZfVl ch }kjk tksf[ke ¼tc rd [kwu ls lh/kk lEidZ u gks rc rd ,pvkbZoh vkSj vU; gSfiVkbZfVl cgqr cM+k tksf[ke ugha lkfcr gksrs gS D;ksafd os 'kjhj ds ckgj cgqr ftank ugha jgrs gSa½A

ckj&ckj ;ksfu esa cyiwoZ@ncko ls

ikuh MkyukA

blls xHkkZ'; uky esa cSfDVfj;k igq¡p ldrk gS 7A

lSfuVjh diM+s dks cnyus ds ckn

gkFk ugha /kksukA

blls gSisVkbfVl ch ;k ;ksfu laØe.k gks ldrk gS8A



VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë

VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë ¼Vh,l,l&TSS½ dÃ gkykrä esa iSnk g¨ ldrk gS] ftuesa çlo¨Rrj

laØfer Ropk vkSj 'kY; gLr{ksiä ls ;k ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkjä ds ,d ifj.kke ds :i esa

¼fo'ks"k :i ls VSEikWu dk mi;¨x½ 'kkfey gSA ekfld /keZ laca/kh VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë ,d

QëkbV ¼laØked thoä d¨ ys tkus esa l{ke ,d oLrq ;k inkFkZ½ Mkyus ds dkj.k gksrk gSA

tcfd ;g dHkh&dHkh gksrk gS] ysfdu ;g xaHkhj gS vkSj dÃ ckj tkuysok Hkh gks ldrk gSA

;g Lrk¶¸y¨d¨dl vksfj;Lk ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS t¨ ,d thok.kq dh uLy }kjk fufeZr

fo"k ds dkj.k g¨rk gSA vker©j ij ;g rhu O;fDr;ä esa ls ,d esa Ropk ij vkSj ukd] cxy]

dej ;k ;©fu esa fcuk d¨Ã uqdlku igqapk, jgrk gSA dqN fojys ekeyä esa] ;s cSDVhfj;k mu

y¨xä esa fo"k dk dkj.k curs gSa ftuesa çfrj{kd ugha g¨rs] vkSj blh dk ifj.kke VkWfDld 'kkWd

flaMªë gSA lqj{kkRed ,aVhckWMh dk vf/kXkzg.k mez ls tqM+k güs ds dkj.k VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë

dk [krjk u©toku O;fDr;ä esa cqtqZxä ls vf/kd g¨rk gSA laØe.k [kkl r©j ij mPp vo'k¨"k.k

djus okys VSEikWu ls t¨Ms+ x;s gSaA

VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë ds ladsr vkSj y{k.k ¶yw ds y{k.kä tSls gh g¨rs gSaA ;g vDlj dqN gh

?kaVä esa] vU; y{k.kä esa rsth ls fodflr güs ls igys] vke r©j ij vpkud güs okys@dkQh

rst cq[kkj ¼38°C/100-4°F½ ls 'kq: g¨rk gSA buesa fuEu 'kkfey g¨ ldrs gSa%

• yky pdRrs & ,d QSyk gqvk /kCcsnkj ,sfjk;Fkz MZek ¼nku a vkSj cnjax Ropk dk yky QSyko½A

• Ropk fo'kYdu&/kwi ls tyus ds lkeku yky pdRrs vkSj peM+h dk fNyuk] [kkl r©j ij

gFksfy;ä vkSj ryoä ij] chekjh dh 'kq#vkr ds ,d ls n¨ lIrkg ds cknA

• gkbi¨Vsa'ku & pDdj vkuk vkSj csg¨'k gükA

• ekalisf'k;ä dk nnZA

• HkVdko@psruk esa ifjorZu] vkSj Hkze dh fLFkfr dk gükA

• xSLVª¨ vka= y{k.k ¼mYVh vkSj nLr gük½A

;¨fu ls lzko

;¨fu lzko iryk vkSj lkQ] e¨Vk vkSj fpifpik] ;k yEck vkSj js'ksnkj g¨ ldrk gSA og lzko

t¨ diM+ä ij lw[kdj /kqa/kyk lQsn vkSj@;k ihyk utj vkrk gS] og lkekU; gSA lzko vker©j

ij ekfld /keZ pØ ds n©jku vyx&vyx le; ij dÃ vU; dkj.kä ls cnyrk jgrk gS]

ftlesa HkkoukRed ;k ;©u mRrstuk] xHkkZoLFkk vkSj e©f[kd xHkZ fuj¨/kd x¨fy;ä dk bLrseky

'kkfey gSA



fuEufyf[kr vlkekU; lzko dk ladsr g¨ ldrs gSa vkSj ,d LokLF; leL;k dh vksj b'kkjk

dj ldrs gSa%

• [kqtyh] yky pdRrs ;k ihM+k ds lkFk lzkoA

• yxkrkj c<+us okyk lzkoA

• lQsn] <sys okyk lzko ¼ngh tSlk½A

• ,d [kjkc xa/kokyk lysVh@lQsn ;k ihyk@gjk lzkoA

çtuu ekxZ ls lacaf/kr laØe.k

yM+fd;k¡ vkSj efgykvksa dks ekfld /keZ ds n©jku laØe.k dk vf/kd t¨f[ke g¨ ldrk gSA

çtuu ekxZ ls tqM+s lkekU; laØe.kä esa ls dqN gSa%

• cSDVhfj;k ds dkj.k güs okyh ;¨fu dh chekjh

• dSuMhMk oa'k dh QaQwnh ds dkj.k güs okyk ;¨fu laØe.k

• DykehfM;k

• fVªdkseül oSftuSfyl

• xü¨fj;k

• flQyl

• gSisVkbfVl ch

• ,pvkÃoh

• ew= ekxZ dk laØe.k ¼;wVhvkbZ&UTI½

• isM+w esa tyu dh chekjh ¼ihvkbZMh&PID½

• ;¨fu'k¨Fk

;|fi ekfld /keZ ,d efgyk ;k yM+dh d¨ laØe.k ds çfr vfrlaosnu'khy cukrk gS fdarq

;©u lapkfjr laØe.k ¼STIs½ dsoy vlqjf{kr laHk¨x ls gksrs gSA çtuu ekxZ laca/kh laØe.k

¼RTI½ esa ;©u vkSj xSj&;©u lapkfjr laØe.k] nüä 'kkfey gSaA dqN çtuu ekxZ ds laØe.k

vU; çtuu laca/kh LokLF; leL;kvksa d¨ Hkh c<+k ldrs gSaA og cSDVhfj;k t¨ cSDVhfj;y

ostu¨fll ¼BV½ dk dkj.k curk gS vkSj ,pvkbZoh ¼HIV½ ds çfr c<+s gq, t¨f[ke dk laEHkkfor

dkj.k gks ldrk gS] ysfdu ,slk çekf.kr ugha gqvk gSA cSDVhfj;y ostu¨fll d¨ le; ls

igys çlo] çlo i'pkr laØe.k] vkSj xHkZikr ;k lht+sfj;u lsD'ku ds ckn 'kY;fØ;k ds ckn

dh tfVyrkvksa dk dkj.k ekuk tkrk gSA

[kjkc ekfld /keZ LoPNrk] cSDVhfj;y ostu¨fll tSls laØe.kä d¨ c<+kok ns ldrh gS] ysfdu

;g Kkr ugha gS fd ;fn [kjkc ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkj c<+rs gSa r¨ lHkh çtuu ekxZ laca/kh

laØe.k güs dk [krjk ;k fofHké vkcknh lewgä esa çtuu ekxZ laca/kh laØe.k güs dk [krjk

c<+ tkrk gSA



tcfd ekfld /keZ ds n©jku;¨fu ekxZ uhps ds esa DykehfM;k ;k xü¨fj;k ds c<+s gq, [krjs

ds d¨Ã çek.k e©twn ugha gksrs gSa ysfdu ;fn bl le; vlqjf{kr laHk¨x fd;k tk, r¨ Xkzhok

E;wdl dh c<+h gqÃ igqap vkSj xHkkZ'k; esa ekfld /keZ jDr dh igqap ds dkj.k laØe.k güs

dk [krjk c<+ tkrk gS t¨ vkxs pydj isM+w esa tyu dh chekjh ¼ihvkbZMh½ dh tfVyrk vkSj

Åijh ;¨fu ekxZ ds laØe.k dk dkj.k cu ldrs gSaA

ekfld /keZ ds n©jku ;©u&laca/k Hkh ;¨fu ekxZ ds laØe.k ds c<+us ds ,d laEHkkfor dkj.k ls

ysdj isM+w esa tyu dh chekjh ¼ihvkbZMh½ dk dkj.k cu ldrk gSA

ew= ekxZ dk laØe.k] thok.kq laØe.k gSa t¨ ew= ekxZ ds fdlh Hkh fgLls d¨ çHkkfor dj ldrs

gSa vkSj çtuu iFk ds laØe.k ds lwpd g¨ ldrs gSaA gkykafd] [kjkc ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkjä

ls ew= ekxZ laØe.k ds güs ds t¨f[ke ij dkQh lhfer vuqla/kku e©twn gSA

Ekkfld /keZ ds fy, bLrseky fd;s tkus okys lSusVjh mRiknä vkSj lkexzh ls güs okys LokLF; t¨f[ke

cM+h cgq&jk"Vªh; dEifu;ä }kjk fufeZr lSusVjh lkexzh dh vker©j ij ;g lqfu'fpr djus ds

fy, dM+kÃ ls tkap dh tkrh gS fd os vfrlaosnu'khy çfrfØ;kvksa dk dkj.k u cusaA gkykafd]

fof'k"V laosnu'khy Ropk okyh yM+fd;k¡ vkSj efgyk,¡ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk mRiknä ls ¼fo'ks"k

r©j ij Ropk ij ueh ds lkFk yacs le; rd lEidZ ;k jxM+ ds ifj.kkeLo:i½ çfrfØ;k güs

dk vuqHko dj ldrh gSaA

dqN efgykvksa d¨ okf.kfT;d mRiknä esa xa/kdä dks nwj djus vkSj@;k vo'k¨"kdrk d¨ c<+kus

ds fy, Mkys x;s ;¨tdä ls ,ythZ tSlh çfrfØ;k g¨ ldrh gSA cM+s iSekus ds fuekZrk vius

mRiknä esa vo'k¨"kdrk d¨ vkSj Lohdk;Zrk d¨ c<+kus ds fy, yxkrkj fodkl dj jgs gSa ysfdu

,sls mRiknä dh dher cgqr&lh efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ä dh igqap ds ckgj g¨ ldrh gSA

LFkkuh; :i ls cuk;s x;s mRikn vDlj lLrs g¨ ldrs gSa vkSj vf/kdka'k efgykvksa }kjk

Lohdk;Z g¨ ldrs gSaA gkykafd ;g çR;sd mRiknd ds fgr esa gS fd muds mRikn Lohdk;Z

gä vkSj lQkÃ okyh txgä ij iSd fd;s vkSj csps tkrs gäA

VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë VSEikWu ds bLrseky ls lacaf/kr gS ¼[kkl r©j ij mPp vo'k¨"kdrk okys

VSEikWu t¨ 1980 ds n'kd esa miyC/k Fks½A ,d VSEikWu d¨ fu;fer r©j ij u cnyuk VkWfDld

'kkWd flaMªë ds fy, ,d t¨f[ke dk ,d dkjd ugha ekuk tkrk ¼gkykafd ,slk gük dÃ ckj

/;ku esa vk;k gS½( ysfdu fu;fer :i ls ,d VSEikWu d¨ cnyuk ,d vPNh çFkk dh rjg

vuq'kaflr fd;k tkrk gSA VkWfDld 'kkWd flaMªë t¨f[ke d¨ ,d de vo'k¨"kdrk okys VSEikWu

dk bLrseky djds de fd;k tk ldrk gS t¨ ekfld /keZ ds cgko ds çca/ku ds fy, t+:jh

gS vkSj ekgokjh ds n©jku le;≤ ij VSEikWu ds ctk; ,d lSusVjh uSifdu dk ç;¨x

djds bl ij j¨d yxkÃ tk ldrh gSA



l= 3% leqnk; a dk LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku

tSlk fd Åij çdkf'kr fd;k x;k gS] ekfld /keZ ,d çkd`frd çfØ;k gSA gkykafd] ;fn

bldk lgh rjhds ls çca/ku u fd;k tk, r¨ blds ifj.kkeLo:i LokLF; leL;k,¡ g¨ ldrh

gSaA fji¨ZVä us [kjkc ekfld /keZ LoPNrk vkSj ew= ekxZ dk laØe.k] çtuu ekxZ ds laØe.k

vkSj vU; chekfj;ä ds chp dh dfM+;ä ds ckjs esa ladsr fn;k gSA ysfdu vkxs vuqla/kku vkSj

etcwr oSKkfud çek.k dh bl {ks= esa t:jr gSA [kjkc ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dk yM+fd;ksa vkSj

efgykvksa ds eu¨lkekftd dY;k.k ij çHkko ¼tSls fd ekfld /keZ ds n©jku ruko ds Lrj]

Mj] 'kfeZUnxh vkSj lkekftd otZu½ ij Hkh fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

midj.k%

fo"k; dsfUnzr ppkZ] xgu fPkaru] çn'kZuA

vof/k%

45 feuV

vko';d lkexzh%

Ä ued

Ä lkcqu

Ä ikuh

Ä jk[k

Ä dV¨jh

D;k djsa %

1- izfrHkkfx;ksa d¨ Q¨dl lewgä esa ckaV nsaA

2- muls bl ckjs esa ppkZ djus vkSj mu pht+ä dh ,d lwph cukus ds fy, dgsa tksfd

efgykvksa d¨ ekfld /keZ ds n©jku viuh ns[kHkky djus ds fy, pkfg,A

3- mUgsa muds lewg ds dke d¨ lcds lkeus foLrkj ls is'k djus nsaA

4- Åij mBk, x;s elyä ij ppkZ dks vkxs c<k,¡A

u¨V djsa% bl le; ppkZ d¨ /khjs&/khjs lqjf{kr vkSj [kjkc ekfld /keZ O;ogkjä ds chp varj dh vksj e¨M+k tkuk pkfg,A

Ä b= ¼i¶Z;we½

Ä ikmMj

Ä LoPNrk O;ogkjä dh rLohjs

Ä f¶yi pkV

Ä t¨M+us okyh Vsisa vkSj ekdZj isu



5- vHkh Hkh lcds lkeus] izfrHkkfx;ksa ls ;kn djus ds fy, dgsa fd D;k g¨rk gS tc efgyk,¡

ekfld /keZ ds n©jku vius 'kjhj dh lgh rjhds ls ns[kHkky ugha djrh gSaA

u¨V djsa% tokcä d¨ ,d f¶yi pkVZ ij u¨V djsa vkSj fQj mu fcUnqvksa ij ,d ds ckn ,d ppkZ djsaA

6- izfrHkkxh;ksa d¨ LoPNrk O;ogkjä dh rLohjsa fn[kk;saA

7- mUgsa o.kZu djus ds fy, dgsa fd d©u&lh çFkkvksa vkSj lans'kä d¨ os rLohjä esa ls fudky

ldrs gSaA

8- ekfld /keZ ds n©jku lgh rjhds ls gkFk /küs dk çnZ'ku djsaA

9- eq[; eqÌä ij lkj nsdj lekIr djsaA

10- mUgsa muds /kS;Z vkSj ç;kl ds fy, /kU;okn nsaA

leUo;d ds fy, u¨V & ;fn bu ckrä dk mYys[k vc rd ugha fd;k x;k gS r¨ vc fd;k tk ldrk gS%

1- lqjf{kr ekfld /keZ O;ogkjA • lSusVjh lkexzh d¨ de ls de fnu esa rhu ckj ;k tc xhyk g¨ tk, r¨ cnysaA

• tkaf?k;k@dPNh d¨ j¨tkuk cnysaA

• lSusVjh iSM@diMs+ d¨ cnyus ls igys vkSj cnyus ds ckn gkFk /k¨,¡A

• lSusVjh diM+s d¨ /küs ds fy, xje ikuh vkSj ued dk bLrseky djsa vkSj lwjt dh

j¨'kuh esa lq[kk,¡A

• mlh lSusVjh iSM ;k lkQ diM+s ;k vU; lkefxz;ksaa dk bLrseky djsa t¨ [kkl r©j ij

gjsd eghus ekfld /keZ ds fy, laHkky dj j[kh xbZa gSaA

2- [kjkc ekfld /keZ O;ogkjA

• Vk;ysV fV'kq dk mi;¨xA

• lSusVjh diM+ä d¨ ?kj ds fdlh va/ksjs düs esa lq[kkukA

• lSusVjh diM+s d¨ ukys ;k ufn;ä esa /kükA

• xans@vLoPN tkaf?k;k@dPNh +dk bLrseky djukA

[kjkc ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkjä ds çHkkoä esa 'kkfey gSa%

laØe.k] vlqfo/kk] viekutud xa/k vkSj ?kVk gqvk vkRe&lEekuA



cfg"dj.k] fodykaxrk vkSj ,e,p,e esa iq#"kä dh HkwfedkmÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 3 dh lekfIr ij lgHkkxh ;g o.kZu djus esa l{ke gäxs fd efgykvksa d¨

'kfDr çnku djus vkSj lgHkkfxrk dk D;k vFkZ gS] viotZu@cfg"dkj vkSj fodykaxrk elyä

ds ckjs esa tkx:d gük] vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ esa vknfe;ä }kjk vnk dh

tkus okyh Hkwfedk d¨ le>ukA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ vkSj fodykaxrk

çf'k{kdä d¨ fofHké çdkj dh fodykaxrkvksa vkSj mudh fof'k"V ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ t+:jrä ds ckjs esa irk gük t+:jh gSA pkgs mudh {kerk,¡ dSlh Hkh D;ä u gä]

fodykax O;fDr Hkh mUgha tSfod vkSj Hk©frd ifjoZruä dk vuqHko djrs gSa tSlk fd d¨Ã vU;

O;fDr djrk gS] blfy, mudh ekfld /keZ t+:jrsa ,d tSlh gSaA gkykafd] tc fodykax y¨xä

ds fy, çHkkoh leFkZu çnku djus dh ckr vkrh gS r¨ mudh 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld {kerkvksa

esa fofHkérkvksa d¨ le>uk t+:jh gSA

mnkgj.k ds fy,] ,d fHkUu :i ls l{ke vkSjr ;k fd'kksj yM+dh dks lkekftd] 'kkjhfjd]

lkaLd`frd vkSj vkfFkZd leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS tks mlds LokLF; dh ns[kHkky]

f'k{kk] O;kolkf;d izf'k{k.k vkSj jkst+xkj esa Hkh ck/kd gksrk gSA egÙoiw.kZ lgk;rk dk;ZØeksa ls

ckgj j[ks tkus ds dkj.k mldh fLFkfr vkSj [kjkc gks tkrh gSA

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh] tkx:drk d¨ c<+kuk vkSj pqIih d¨ r¨M+uk

O;k[;ku vkSj ppkZ

CySd c¨MZ iz;ksx'kkyk fu;ekoyh 15 feuV

2 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku esa vknfe;ä dh Hkwfedk% feFkd] lkexzh] ctV vkSj 'kkjhfjd lgk;rk

O;k[;ku vkSj ppkZ

CySd c¨MZ 15 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 3


dne 1% lkewfgd ppkZ

fodykax yksxksa ds fy, cfg"dkj vkSj lekurk dk O;ogkj u feyus dh leL;k ls fuiVus essa

lgkr;k ds fy, ppkZ esa fuEu fcUnqvksa dks mnkgj.k ds :Ik esa 'kkfey djsa%

1- ;fn d¨Ã us=ghu gS ;k ftls de fn[kkbZ nsrk gS%

,d us=ghu fd'kksjh yM+dh ds fy, mlds ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh dks 'kq:vkr esa igpkuuk

eqf'dy gks ldrk gS D;ksafd og vius ekfld /keZ ls fudyus okys jDr dks ugha ns[k ldrh

gSA gkykafd] dqN eghuksa ds ckn] og viuh ekfld /keZ pØ ds le; gksus okys vuqHko vkSj

le; ds ckjs esa le>us yxsxhA blfy, mi;ksxh lykg ;g gksxh fd %

• ekfld /keZ@ekgokjh ds ckjs esa tk:drk iSnk djus ds fy,] ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa crkrs

le; gkeksZu }kjk lfØ; gq, HkkoukRed ifjorZu ij cy nsuk pkfg,A

• mls ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ;k Hkjksls ds fdlh ,sls O;fDr ls lgk;rk ysus ds fy, izsjfr djsa tks

;g tk¡p dj lds fd D;k mlds diM+ksa ij [kwu yxk gS\

2- ;fn dksbZ cgjk gS ;k ftls lquus esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gS% ftUgsa lquus esa ijs'kkuh gS mUgsa ekfld /keZ vkSj LoPNrk izca/ku ds rjhdksss a dh O;k[;k djus

ds fy, n`'; lk/kuksa dk iz;ksx djsaA

3- vxj fdlh dks 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk gS rks%

ml O;fDr ls ckr djds ;g le>s vkSj vkads ¼irk yxk;s½ fd mls ekfld /keZ ds izca/ku ds

fy, fdu lqfo/kkvksa dh vko';drk gSA mUgsa ifjokj vkSj Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lkFk dke

djds lqfo/kkvksa dk izko/kku djus ds fy, ekxZn'kZu nsa] ftlesa 'kkfey gS%

• jsfyax ls ySl ,d 'kkSpky; vkSj Luku djus dk LFkkuA

• vUnj ds ctk; ckgj [kqyus okys njoktsA

• ikuh dk ,d ,slk uy tks mudh igq¡p esa gksaA

• diMs+ vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu dk HkaMkj.k mudh igq¡p eas djsaA

4- ;fn dksbZ ekufld :Ik ls chekj gks%

izfrHkkfx;ksa ls iwNsa fd D;k muds ifjokj] fe=ksa ;k iM+ksfl;ksa esa dksbZ ,slk gS tks ekufld :Ik

ls chekj gksA bl ckr ij ppkZ djsa fd mUgas ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds izca/ku esa dSls vkSj fdl

rjg dh lgk;rk pkfg,\

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 3% cfg"dj.k] fodykaxrk vkSj ,e,p,e esa iq#"k¨a dh Hkwfedk


dne 2 funZs'k%

izf'k{kdksa dks ekufld :Ik ls fodykax efgykvksa vkSj fd'kksfj;ksa dh ns[kHkky djus okyksa ls

eq[; ckrsa ck¡Vuh pkfg, rkfd os mUgsa ekfld /keZ ds izca/ku esa vkRefuHkZj cuk ldasA

eq[; ckrkssa esas 'kkfey gaS%

• mlds ikl miyC/k diM+ksa ;k iSM ds fdLe dh igpku djsssa vkSj izn'kZu ds fy, ¼uewus ds

:Ik esa½ mlh dk iz;ksx djsaaA

• mls fn[kk,¡ fd diM+s ;k iSM dh vkiwfrZ dgk¡ j[kh gS\

• mls fn[kk,¡ fd diM+s ;k iSM dks dgk¡ Qsadk tkrk gS ;k vxj diM+ksa dks nqckjk ls bLrseky

djuk gks rks mls dSls /kkss;k tkrk gS\

• mlds tkaf?k;s ds vUnj diM+ksa ;k iSM dks j[ksa rkfd og vH;kl dj lds] vkSj mls iguus

dh vH;Lr gks ldsA

• mls le>k,as fd og viuh ekgokjh ds nkSjku xk<+s jax ds diM+s iguuk pkg ldrh gS rkfd

[kwu ds /kCcs fn[kus dh laHkkouk de gksA



lq>ko%

1- ,d efgyk tks va/kh gS ;k ftls ns[kus esa ijs'kkuh gS%

• tc rd ;g ,d vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr u gks] ml efgyk dks igys fcuk crk, fd

vki dkSu gSa] u Nq,¡A

• ,slk u eku ysa fd og vkidks fcydqy Hkh ugha ns[k ldrh gSA

• viuh lkekU; vkokt+ esa cksysaA

• vxj mlds ikl ,d NM+h gks rks mls mlls fdlh Hkh le; u ysaA

• nwj pys tkus ;k tkus ls igys ^vyfonk* dgsaA

2- ,d efgyk ftls lquus dh fodykaxrk gks%

• mlls ckr djus ls igys lqfuf'pr djsa fd mldk è;ku vkidh vksj gksA ;fn mldk

psgjk vkidh vksj u gks rks mls da/ks ij gYds ls Nq,¡A

• fpYykuk ;k viuh vkokt+ dks Å¡pk u djsaA

• lh/ks mldh vksj ns[ksa vkSj viuk eq¡g fdlh pht ls <das ughaA

• mlls mldk ckrphr dk ialnhnk rjhdk iwNsaA

3- 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk okyh ,d vkSjr%

• ;g u eku ysa fd oks ekufld :Ik ls Hkh ean gSA

• ;fn laHko gks rks cSB tk,a rkfd vki mlds lkFk lh/ks vka[kksa ds Lrj ij gksaA

• mldh vuqefr ds fcuk cSlk[kh] ykBh] okWdj ;k Oghyps;j u ys tk,¡ ;k mls okilh

djus dh O;oLFkk ds fcuk ,slk u djsaA

• ;fn og ,d Oghyps;j iz;ksx djrh gS] rks mldh vuqefr ds fcuk mldh Oghyps;j

ij u gh >qdsa ;k u gh mls Nq,¡A

4- ,d efgyk tks Li"V rkSj ij cksy ugha ikrh gS%

• mlds /khjs cksyus ;k mls le>us esa eqf'dy gksus dk ;g eryc ugha gS fd mls

lh[kus vkSj le>us esa dksbZ ijs'kkuh gSA

• tks ckr vkidh le> esa u vk, mls nksgjkus ds fy, dgsaaA

• ,sls loky iwNsa ftudk tokc og gk¡@u esa ns ldsA

• mls viuh leL;k dk o.kZu djus ds fy, ftruk le; pkfg, mruk le; nsaA

la;e j[ksaA

5- lh[kus esa fo'ks"k :i ls l{ke efgyk ;k ftls vkidh ckr le>us easa ijs'kkuh gks%

• ljy 'kCnksa vkSj NksVs okD;ksa dk iz;ksx djsaA

• fouez cus jgsa vkSj la;e cuk, j[ksa vkSj lkFk ,d cPps dh rjg O;ogkj u djsaA



l= 3 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ esa iq:'kksa dh Hkwfedk% feFkd] lkexzh] ctV vkSj 'kkjhfjd lgk;rk

dne 1% lkewfgd ppkZ

iq:’kksa vkSj yM+dä dh leqnk;ä esa viuh iRuh] efgyk fj'rsnkjä] fe=ä] fo|kfFkZ;ä] Xkzkgdä

vkSj lgdfeZ;ä dk mudh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dk leFkZu djus ls tqM+h ckrksa esa ,d fof'k"V

Hkwfedk g¨rh gSA çf'k{kd d¨ lewg ls bu Hkwfedkvksa esa ls dqN dk uke nsus d¨ dguk pkfg,A

lewg esa ppkZ ds tokcä ds vk/kkj ij] çf'k{kd fuEufyf[kr lwph dk ç;¨x djds vkxs VVÿ

ldrs gaS fd D;k ;s {ks= vc rd lewg }kjk lkeus yk, x;s gSa ;k ugha yk, x;s gSaA

Hkwfedkvksa esa 'kkfey gaS%

• udkjkRed joS;s vkSj fopkjä d¨ pqu©rh nsukA

• vPNs ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkjä ij tkudkjh lk>k djukA

• ekfld /keZ mRiknä ds LFkkuh; mRiknu esa Hkkx ysukA

• lqfu'fpr djuk fd efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡ lSusVjh lkexzh [kjhnus esa leZFk gä vkSj

mu rd mudh igqap g¨ ¼dqN efgyk,¡ lSusVjh uSifdu ugha [kjhnsaxh ;fn os vknfe;ä

}kjk csps tk jgs gSa½A

• ekfld /keZ dk xksiuh;rk vkSj lEeku ds lkFk LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, ikuh vkSj

LoPNrk ij yxh #dkoVä ij /;ku nsuk A

dne 2% funZs'k] loky vkSj tokc fueZy Hkkjr ;k=k ds n©jku] ty vkiwfrZ ,oa LoPNrk lg;ksx ifj"kn ¼MCY;w,l,llhlh½ us

ikap jkT;ä esa iq:’kksa] efgykvksa] yM+dä vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk baVjO;w dk vk;¨tu fd;k rkfd

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij muds n`f"Vd¨.k ds ckjs esa irk yxk;k tk ldsA çf'k{kd fuEufyf[kr

loky vkSj tokc l= d¨ ;k=k loZs{k.k ls feys tokcä dk bLrseky djds vkxs c<+k ldrs gSa%

vkid¨ D;k yxrk gS fd iq:'kksa us D;k dgk fd mud¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds ckjs esa tkudkjh

dgk¡ ls çkIr g¨rh gS\

• vf/kdrj iq:’kksa d¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds ckjs esa tkudkjh viuh ifRu;ä

ls çkIr gqbZ FkhA

izfrHkkxh D;k l¨prs gSa fd iq:’kksa d¨ dgk¡ ls tkudkjh fey ldrh gS\ D;k iq:’kksa d¨ ;g

tkudkjh gük t+:jh gS\ ;fn gk¡ r¨ D;ä\ ge Ldwyä esa mu yM+fd;ä ds lkFk gksus okyh

NsM+NkM+ esa deh dSls yk ldrs gSa t¨ ekgokjh ij gSa\



D;k vke r©j ij vkneh ?kj esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dh ppkZvksa esa 'kkfey g¨rs gSa\

• vke r©j ij iq:’k ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ eqÌä ij vius ?kj esa gh 'kkfey

g¨rs gSa tc ekgokjh okyh efgykvksa }kjk laØe.k dh ifjfLFkfr;ä ;k vU; fpfdRlk lacaf/k

tfVyrkvksa dk o.kZu fd;k tkrk gSA

iq:’k vkSj d©u&lh Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrs gSa\

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, mfpr lkexzh dk p;u djrs le; iq:’k d©u&lh Hkwfedk

vnk djrs gSa\

• ,d efgyk ds fy, diMs+ ;k lSusVjh uSifduä dk p;u dkQh gn rd mlds ifr dh vkfFkZd

gkyr ls çHkkfor g¨rk gSA

• dÃ ckj efgyk,¡ iq:’k O;kikfj;ä ls lSusVjh uSifdu [kjhnus ds fy, fdlh iq:’k fj'rsnkj d¨

Hkstuk ilan djrh gSaA

D;k ekfld /keZ ds n©jku dqN efgykvksa }kjk lkeuk fd;s tkus okys çfrca/kä ls lger gaS\

• cgqr ls baVjO;w nsus okyä us ;g eglwl fd;k fd efgykvksa }kjk lkeuk fd;s tkus okys

çfrca/k dkQh gn rd ,d vkSjr ls nwljh vkSjr rd igq¡ph çFkkvksa ij fuHkZj djrs gaSA

• vf/kdrj iq:’kksa us ;g mfpr ik;k fd ekfld /keZ ds n©jku vkSjrä dh xfrfof/k;ksa ij çfrca/k

ugha gksuk pkfg, A

• ekfld /keZ ds ckn ugkus d¨ lQkÃ dk ,d çrhd ekuk x;k] vkSj ,sls gkykrä esa] ekfld

/keZ okyh efgykvksa d¨ ?kjä esa /kkfeZd iwtk@çkFkZukvksa esa 'kkfey güs vkSj efUnj tkus d¨

vf/kdrj iq:’kksa }kjk Lohdkj fd;k x;k FkkA

Ekkfld /keZ ls tqM+h tkudkjh d¨ lk>k djus vkSj pqIih r¨M+us esa iq:’k D;k Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrs gSa\

Ldwyä esa yM+dä ds lkFk fo"k; dsfUnzr ¼Qksdl½ lewg ppkZ ls visf{kr ifj.kke

• pqIih d¨ r¨M+ukA

• Ldwyä esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds çca/ku ds fy, vko';d lqfo/kk,¡% cnyus ds LFkku( fuiVku

dh ç.kkfy;k¡( /küs vkSj lq[kkus ds LFkku( ugkus dk LFkku ¼vkikr fLFkfr esa½( vfrfjDr

diM+s@;wuhQkWeZ lSusVjh uSifduä@diM+ä dk LVkWd( lkcquA

• tkudkjh vkSj f'k{kk% fdl vk;q esa yM+fd;ksa d¨ ;g tkudkjh@Kku çkIr djus dh t:jr gS\



9&12 lky ds yM+dä ds lkFk ,d fo"k; dsfUnzr ¼Q¨dl½ lewg ppkZ djus ds fy, midj.k

yM+dä ds lkFk ppkZ

le; foLr`r C;©jk i)[email protected]

10 feuV ifjp; & Vhe vkSj lgHkkxh

Hkze.k dk mÌs';

O;k[;ku vkSj ppkZ

20 feuV esjs LkIkuä dk Ldwy fp=dkjh

15 feuV eSa ,d yM+dk gw¡

• ykHk vkSj gkfu

• fofHkérk,¡

ppkZ

15 feuV c<+rs&c<+rs dqN&dqN g¨rk gS fQYe

15 feuV QhMcSd@fQYe

^yM+dh dk ekfld /keZ*

ppkZ

15 feuV gekjs fe=ä ds ekfld /keZ ds fnuä d¨ vkjkenk;d cukus ds fy, fdl rjg dh lqfo/kk,¡ vko';d gSa\

dkMZ

Hkze.k ¼foft+V½ dk mÌs';

• ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ij yM+dä ds lkFk ppkZ 'kq: djukA

• ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds fy, Ldwy esa ,d n¨Lrkuk ifjos'k rS;kj djukA



çfØ;k esjs LkIkuä dk Ldwy

dkxt vkSj fp= cukus dk lkeku forfjr djsa vkSj cPpä ls ,d vknZ'k Ldwy ;k ,slh txg

dk fp= cukus d¨ dgsa tgk¡ os viuh f'k{kk dk okLro esa vkuUn mBk,axsA bl xfrfof/k esa

izksRlkgu ds fy,] çf'k{kd fuEufyf[kr fopkj lkeus yk ldrs gSa%

• ;fn vkids Ldwy d¨ ns'k dk lcls csgrjhu Ldwy cukuk g¨ r¨ vkids Ldwy esa vkSj D;k

phtsa+s t+:jh gäxh\

• lewg esa ls lo¨ZRre rLohj pquus ds ckn] bl ckr ds vkl&ikl ,d ppkZ dk vk;¨tu djsa

fd ml fof'k"V rLohj d¨ csgrjhu Ldwy D;ä pquk x;k\

eSa ,d yM+dk gw¡

,d CySd c¨MZ dk bLrseky djrs gq,] ,d lkj.kh cuk,¡ ¼tSlh fd uhps nh xÃ gS½ vkSj cPpä ls

iwNsa fd os ^,d yM+dk güs* ds r©j ij D;k Qk;ns@ykHk vkSj uqdlku@gkfu eglwl djrs gSaA

ykHk gkfu



QhMcSd l=

fQYe ds ckjs esa yM+d a ls QhMcSd çkIr djsaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] mUgsa bl fQYe ds ckjs esa D;k

vPNk yxk\ mUg aus d©u ls u;s fopkj lh[ks\ bl fQYe us mUgsa dSlk eglwl djok;k\

bl ppkZ ds ckn] yM+d a ls iwNsa fd vc os yM+fd;ksa ds ekfld /keZ ds ckjs esa D;k le>rs gSa vkSj

muds tokc a ds vk/kkj ij] vafre l= dh ppkZ d¨ vkxs c<+k,¡A

gekjs fe= a ds ekfld /keZ ds fnu a d¨ vkjkenk;d cukus ds fy, fdl çdkj dh lqfo/kk,¡ vko';d gSa\

çR;sd yM+ds d¨ n¨ dkMZ forfjr djsa vkSj lewg ls iwNsa%

• os viuh cguä] ekrkvksa vkSj fe=ä d¨ muds ekfld /keZ ds fnuä d¨ vkjkenk;d cukus esa

dSls lgk;rk djsaxs\

• ekfld /keZ ds çca/ku d¨ csgrj cukus ds fy, fdl rjg dh lqfo/kk,¡ vko';d gSa\

fu"d"kZ

lapkfjr djus ds fy, lans'k%

^ vkÃ;s gekjh cguä] ekrkvksa] fe=ä vkSj ifjokj dh vU; efgyk lnL;ä d¨ muds ekfld /keZ ds fnuä dk LoPNrkiwoZd çca/k djus esa lgk;rk djsa*A


30



fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼fd'k¨jä vkSj jt¨fuo`Rr efgykvksa½ ds fy, ,e,p,emÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 4 dh lekfIr rd] lgHkkfx;ä d¨ fofHké vk;q lewgä }kjk lkeuk fd, tkus

okys fof'k"V ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ elyä dh le> g¨xhA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% çkFkfedrk ds r©j ij ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ esa fd'k¨jä d¨ 'kkfey djus dk egRo

yM+fd;k¡¡ vkSj yM+ds ¼nüä½ d¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½] tSfod rF;ä vkSj

,d LoPN vkSj vlrr rjhds ls jDr çokg ds çca/ku ds fy, O;kogkfjd rjhdä ds ckjs esa

tkudkjh çkIr djuk t+:jh gSA cgqr ls Ldwyä esa nüä rjg dh f'k{kk dh cgqr deh gSA okW'k

is'ksoj bl leL;k dk lkeuk fuEu rjhdksa ls dj ldrs gSa%

• LoPNrk Dycä dh LFkkiuk djuk tgk¡ iqjkus fo|kFkhZ u, fo|kfFkZ;ksa d¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk

izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds ckjs esa i<+k jgs gSa(

• ,d laosnu'khy <ax ls tSfod rF; a d¨ O;Dr djus ds rjhdksa ds ckjs esa f'k{kd a d¨ çf'k{k.k nsuk(

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 ,d çkFkfedrk ds r©j ij ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ esa fd'k¨jä d¨ 'kkfey djus dh vgfe;r

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ QŸM&vkmV fdrkc 30 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd2 cM+s gük% 'kjhj esa cnyko

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ] f¶yi pkVZ] ekdZj isu

QŸM&vkmV fdrkc 30 feuV

3 ekfld /keZ dk Ldwy vkSj [ksy ds n©jku çca/ku% djus vkSj u djus ;ksX; ckrsa

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ] f¶yi pkVZ] ekdZj isu

psdfyLV 30 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 4


• ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds ckjs esa tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k lkexzh

çnku djuk(

• ;©u f'k{kk ds f'k{k.k d¨ ekgokjh LoPNrk O;ogkjä esa çf'k{k.k ls vyx djuk] rkfd uSfrd

;k /kkfeZd vieku ls cpk tk lds(

• Ldwyä vkSj LokLF; dk çlkj djus okys dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp laca/k d¨ etcwr cukuk] ftUgsa

Ldwyä dk n©jk vkSj ijke'kZ lsokvksa dh is'kd'k djus ds fy, ç¨Rlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,(

• ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ f'k{kk d¨ yM+dä ds lkFk&lkFk yM+fd;ä dh vksj Hkh

dsfUnzr djuk] rkfd vf/kd le> okys n`f"Vd¨.k d¨ c<+kok fn;k tk lds vkSj lkekftd

dyadä d¨ de fd;k tk ldsA

l= 2% cM+s gük% 'kjhj esa cnyko

dkon f¶yi cqd dk bLrseky djrs gq, mu tSfod vkSj 'kkjhfjd cnykoä dk o.kZu djsa t¨

iq:’kksa vkSj vkSjrksa ds 'kjhj esa g¨rs gSaA f¶yi cqd] ppkZ d¨ iq#"kä vkSj efgykvksa esa ckgjh ls

Hkhrjh ifjorZuksa ij cnyus essa enn djsxhA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 4% fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼fd'k¨jä vkSj jt¨fuo`Rr efgykvksa½ ds fy, ,e,p,e


l= 3% ekfld /keZ dk Ldwy vkSj [ksy ds n©jku çca/ku& ^djus* vkSj û djus ;ksX; ckrsa*lkewfgd ppkZ

çf'k{kdä d¨ lewg ls Ldwy esa vkSj [ksyus ds le; esa Hkh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ ds ckjs esa dqN ewyHkwr ^djussa s* vkSj û djus ;ksX; ckrksa* ds ckjs esa crkus ds fy,

dguk pkfg,A lewg dh ppkZ ds tokcä ds vk/kkj ij] çf'k{kd fuEufyf[kr lwph dk ç;¨x

djds vc rd lewg }kjk lkeus ugha yk, x;s fo"k;ksa dk irk yxk ldrs gSaA

djus ;ksX; ckrsa%

• lkexzh d¨ cnyus ds fy, vkSj lkcqu vkSj ikuh ds lkFk 'kjhj d¨ /küs ds fy, xïuh;rk

çnku djsaA

• ,d ,slh txg ds Hkhrj ikuh vkSj lkcqu ds fy, igq¡p çnku djuk t¨ diM+s/ iqu% mi;¨x

okyh ekgokjh lkexzh ls nkx /küs ds fy, ,d i;kZIr Lrj rd xïuh;rk çnku djrk gÄ

• bLrseky dh xÃ ekgokjh lkexzh ds fuiVku dh lqfo/kk ¼laXkzg fcanq ls vafre fuiVku½ rd

igqap d¨ Hkh 'kkfey djsaA

u djus ;ksX; ckrsa %

efgyk v/;kfidk,¡ vkSj Ldwy esa fd'k¨fj;k¡¡ Ldwy esa vius ekfld /keZ ls fuiVus esa pqu©fr;ä

dk lkeuk djrh gSaA buesa 'kkfey gSa%

• lSusVjh ekfld /keZ lkexzh dh dehA

• lokyä ds tokc nsus esa v{ke güs lfgr] /;ku vkSj lgHkkfxrk dh dehA

• futh lqfo/kkvksa vkSj lus gq, diM+ä] oL= vkSj gkFkä d¨ /küs vkSj lq[kkus ds fy, ikuh

dh dehA

• lqfo/kkvksa dh deh dh otg ls ekfld /keZ ds n©jku Ldwy ls vuqifLFkfrA

• 'kkSpky; ds bLrseky ls Mjuk fd dgha vU;ä d¨ ekfld /keZ ds n©jku fudys [kwu dk irk

u py tk,A

• ekfld /keZ dh çfØ;k ds ckjs esa tkudkjh dk vHkko mUgsa Mjk gqvk vkSj 'kfeZUnxh eglwl

djokrk gSA

• [ksyä ls vyx j[kukA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 4% fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼fd'k¨jä vkSj jt¨fuo`Rr efgykvksa½ ds fy, ,e,p,e


cgq Lrjh; laLFkkxr O;oLFkk,¡] Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ,e,p,e esa fofHké fgr/kkjdä dh ftEesnkfj;k¡

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 5 dh lekfIr ij] izfrHkkfx;ä d¨ okW'k lsDVj esa laLFkkxr inkuqØe vkSj

O;oLFkk dh le>& dsUnz ls xkao Lrj rd & g¨xhA lgHkkxh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ ls tqM+s fofHké fgr/kkjdä dh Hkwfedkvksa vkSj ftEesnkfj;ä d¨ ifjHkkf"kr djus esa Hkh

l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% laLFkku esa O;oLFkk,¡

çf'k{kdä d¨ lewg ls dqN laLFkkvksa ds uke crkus ds fy, dguk pkfg, ftUgsa os ekfld /keZ

LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds fy, egRoiw.kZ ekurs gSaA lewg dh ppkZ ds tokcä ds vk/kkj ij]

çf'k{kd lokyä vkSj dFkuä dh fuEufyf[kr lwph dk ç;¨x djds lewg }kjk vcrd lkeus

ugha ykbZ xbZ ckrksa dk irk yxk ldrk gS%

okW'k lsDVj esa jk"Vªh; vkSj LFkkuh; Lrj ij d©u ls ljdkjh ea=ky;] foHkkx vkSj tuï;¨xh

lsok foHkkx 'kkfey gSa vkSj muds chp ftEesnkfj;k¡ dSls caVh gqÃ gSa\ LoPNrk ds fy, d©u&lk

eq[; ea=ky; gS\ ;s loky vkid¨ le>us esa enn djsaxs fd d©u ls fgr/kkjd okW'k lsDVj esa

'kkfey gSa vkSj mudh Hkwfedk,¡ D;k gSa\

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 okW'k lsDVj esa] ns'k ls xkao ds Lrj rd laLFkkxr O;oLFkkvksa dk fooj.k A

O;k[;ku] fo"k; dsfUnzr lkewfgd ppkZ,¡ A

f¶yi pkVZ] CySd c¨MZ] ekdZj isuA

30 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd

2 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku esa lfEefyr lHkh fgr/kkjdä dh Hkwfedkvksa ij fopkj&foeZ'k djuk & ukxfjd lekt laxBuksa ls ysdj LokLF; vf/kdkfj;ä] ehfM;k vkfn rdA

O;k[;ku vkSj ckrphrA

f¶yi pkVZ] CySd c¨MZ] ekdZj isuA

30 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 5


ekfld /keZ LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ nüä esa vke r©j ij cgqr ls ea=ky; & LokLF; ea=ky;]

foRr ea=ky;] LoPNrk ea=ky; vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd ikuh ea=ky; Hkh 'kkfey g¨ ldrs gaSA vU;

lsDVjä ds lkFk rqyuk esa f'k{kk ea=ky; Hkh blds fy, ,d eq[; ea=ky; gSA

çf'k{kdä d¨ blesa 'kkfey güs okys lHkh ea=ky;ä dh Hkwfedkvksa vkSj laca/kä d¨ le>uk

t:jh gSA buesa ls dqN tkudkjh uhfr nLrkost+ esa of.kZr dh xÃ g¨ ldrh gS ;k ljdkjh

vf/kdkfj;ä ls Hkh lwpuk çkIr dh tk ldrh gSA vkid¨ irk py ldrk gS fd LoPNrk dh

ftEesnkjh dkQh gn rd ljy gS & 'kk;n iwjh rjg ls dsoy ,d gh ea=ky; ij fuHkZj djrh

gSA vki ljdkjh vf/kdkfj;ä ls Hkh Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj laca/kä d¨ le>kus ds fy, dg ldrs gSaA

l= 2% fgr/kkjdä dh Hkwfedk,¡

çf'k{kdä d¨ lewg ls dqN fgr/kkjdä ds uke crkus ds fy, dguk pkfg, ftUgsa os ekfld /keZ

LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds fy, egRoiw.kZ ekurs gSaA lewg esa gqÃ ppkZ ds tokcä ds vk/kkj

ij] çf'k{kd lokyä vkSj dFkuä dh fuEufyf[kr lwph dk ç;¨x djds mu ckrksa dk irk yxk

ldrk gS tks vc rd lewg }kjk lkeus ugha yk, x;s gSaA

D;k vkids lanZHk ¼jk"Vªh;] jkT;] ftyk] Cy‚d] iapk;r½ esa o‚”k] ikuh vkSj LoPNrk ds fy,

vyx ls {ks= leUo; ra= gSa\ vki vU; Lo;a lsoh laLFkkvksa ls iwN ldrs gSa ;k ljdkjh vf/

kdkfj;ä ls iwNsaA D;k d¨Ã leUo;d ra= e©twn gS\ ;fn gS] r¨ D;k og Bhd ls dke dj jgk

gS\ D;k mlesa ukxfjd lekt 'kkfey gS\ ;gk¡ fofHké ea=ky;ä vkSj ckgjh fgr/kkjdä ¼tSls fd

,uthvks] ;w,Uk ,tsafl;k¡] nkudrkZ½ ds n`f"Vd¨.k ds ckjs esa irk yxkuk ykHknk;d g¨xkA D;k

LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ esa LokLF; dk {ks= d¨Ã Hkwfedk vnk djrk gSa\ D;k LokLF; foHkkx dh

LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ ds fy, d¨Ã ftEesnkjh gS\ LoPNrk dk çpkj vkSj LokLF; fdl çdkj ikuh

vkSj LoPNrk ds lkFk tqM+k gS\

LokLF; lsDVj dh LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ lsokvksa rd igqap dk foLrkj djus esa vkSj lHkh

ljdkjä dk lQkÃ vkSj LoPNrk ij vf/kd ls vf/kd /;ku ¼jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls½

fnykus vkSj odkyr djus] nüä esa Hkwfedk gSA ;|fi lkoZtfud LokLF; ij [kjkc lQkÃ vkSj

LoPNrk ds udkjkRed çHkko ds ckjs esa iq[rk izek.k e©twn gS] csgrj LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ ds

LokLF; laca/kh ykHk ds Hkh izek.k ekStwn gS] ij LokLF; lsDVj ¼oSf'od vkSj jk"Vªh; r©j ij½

us bu lcwrksa ij ges'kk çfrfØ;k ugha trykÃ gSA cgqr ls ns'kä esa LokLF; lsDVj esa vHkh Hkh

LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ d¨ ojh;rk ugha nh tkrh gSA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 5% cgq Lrjh; laLFkkxr O;oLFkk,¡] Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ,e,p,e esa fofHké fgr/kkjd a dh ftEesnkfj;k¡


vkids vius ns'k esa bl fLFkfr dk ewY;kadu djuk vPNk jgsxkA vki ,slk ljdkjh vf/kdkfj;ä

ds lkFk ckrphr djds dj ldrs gSa ysfdu vki LokLF; uhfr ds nLrkostä d¨ Hkh ns[k ldrs

gSaA D;k mUgäus lQkÃ vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dk mYys[k fd;k g\ D;k LokLF; lsDVj

fdlh leUo;u ra= esa 'kkfey gS t¨ foLr`r :i ls lQkÃ ;k okW'k esa ls fdlh ds fy, Hkh

e©twn g¨\

vkn'Zkr% LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ d¨ LokLF; ds ,d i;kZoj.k laca/kh fu/kkZjd ds r©j ij igpkuk

tkuk pkfg, vkSj LoPNrk vkSj lQkÃ ds dqN igyqvksa d¨ LokLF; uhfr vkSj f'k{kk dh D;k

fLFfr gS\

LoPNrk] LokLF; vkSj f'k{kk ds chp D;k laca/k D;k gSa\ D;k budk 'kS{kf.kd laca/k vkSj okW'k

ij blds izHkko vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls ,e,p,e ls lacaf/kr eqÌs vkil esa tqM+s gSa\ D;k okW'k lsDVj

esa dk;Z&fu"iknu dh izHkkoh fuxjkuh djus ds fy, d¨Ã <kapk e©twn gS\ D;k ukxfjd lekt

laxBu] f'k{kd vkSj LokLF; dk çlkj djus okys deZpkjh bLkesa 'kkfey gSa\ D;k fofHké Lrjä

ij fyax laca/kh ladsrd okW'k ds fuxjkuh <kaps esa gSa\ D;k ge vPNs ,e,p,e ds fy, ljy

vkSj çHkkoh ladsr l¨p ldrs gSaA

blds vfrfjDr] ehfM;k ljdkjh mRrjnkf;Ro d¨ gkfly djus esa fdruk ykHknk;d gS\ Hkkjr

esa d©u ls eq[; lekpkj&i=] jsfM;¨ LVs'ku vkSj Vsyhfot+u LVs'ku gSa\ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk

ds vuqlkj] vki ns[k ldrs gSa fd fiNys 12 eghuä esa jk"Vªh; çsl esa bu eqÌä ij fdrus ys[k

çdkf'kr gq, gSa\

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 5% cgq Lrjh; laLFkkxr O;oLFkk,¡] Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ,e,p,e esa fofHké fgr/kkjdä dh ftEesnkfj;k¡

36



Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä vkSj dk;ZLFkyä esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, vko';d lqfo/kk,¡

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 6 dh lekfIr ij izfrHkkxh ?kjä] Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä]

dk;ZLFkyä] Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dsanzä vkSj lkoZtfud LokLF; dsUnzä esa vko';d lqfo/kkvksa dh

Jà[kyk dh O;k[;k djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡ dk;ZLFky] Ldwy vkSj ?kj ij ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½

lqfo/kkvksa rd igqap gkfly djus esa dÃ rjg dh leL;kvksa vkSj pqu©fr;ä dk lkeuk djrh gSaA

çf'k{kdä d¨ blfy, fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa dks vius O;k[;kuä] lkewfgd ppkZvksa vkSj JO;&n`';

¼AV½ çLrqfr;ä esa 'kkfey djuk pkfg,%

1- dk;ZLFky ij pqu©fr;k¡

• vi;kZIr 'k©pky; lqfo/kk,¡A

• ekfld /keZ ls lus diM+s /küs vkSj lq[kkus ds fy, lqfo/kkvksa dk vHkkoA

• lSusVjh iSM ;k ekfld /keZ ls lus diM+ä ds fuiVku dh O;oLFkk esa dehA

• iq#"k çca/kdä ds lkFk ekfld /keZ laca/kh eqÌä ij ppkZ djus esa dfBukÃA çca/kdä d¨

vDlj] ekfld /keZ ds çca/ku ds fy, 'k©pky; ;k ckFk:e esa efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;ä

}kjk vfrfjDr le; ysus dh t:jr le> esa ugha vkrhA

• ekfld /keZ ds dkj.k güs okys isV nnZ ds dkj.k dke ij /;ku nsus esa dfBukÃA

• lSusVjh lkexzh ;k nokÃ;ä dh dehA

• dke ds fy, ;k=k djrs le; lSusVjh diM+ä d¨ cnyus] /küs ;k lkQ djus ds

voljä ;k lqfo/kkvksa dh dehA

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 fofHké çdkj ds dk;ZLFkyä esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ds fy, t+:jh fof'k"V lqfo/kk,¡

O;k[;ku vkSj ppkZ,¡

CySd c¨MZ okW'k& LokLF; is'ksoj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku çf'k{k.k fu;ekoyh ds l= 3 esa vko';d lkexzh dk lanZHk ysa

90 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 6


2- Ldwy esa pqu©fr;k¡

efgyk v/;kfidk,¡ vkSj fd'k¨fj;k¡¡ Ldwy esa dÃ rjg dh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

¼,e,p,e½ pqu©fr;ä dk lkeuk djrh gSaA buesa 'kkfey gSa%

• lSusVjh ekfld /keZ lkexzh dh dehA

• lokyä ds tokc nsus ds fy, [kM+s u güs esa l{ke güs lfgr /;ku vkSj lgHkkfxrk

dh dehA

• futh lqfo/kkvksa vkSj lus gq, diM+ä] oL= vkSj gkFkä d¨ /küs vkSj lq[kkus ds fy,

ikuh dh dehA

• lqfo/kkvksa dh deh dh otg ls ekfld /keZ ds n©jku Ldwy ls vuqifLFkfrA

• “kkSpky; ds bLrseky ls Mjuk fd dgha vU;ä d¨ ekfld /keZ ds n©jku fudys [kwu

dk irk u py tk,A

• ekfld /keZ dh çfØ;k ds ckjs esa tkudkjh dk vHkko mUgsa Mjk gqvk vkSj 'kfeZUnxh

eglwl djokrk gSA

• [ksyä ls vyx jgukA

3- ?kj esa pqu©fr;k¡

efgyk,¡ vkSj fd'k¨fj;k¡ ?kj esa Hkh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh pqu©fr; a dk lkeuk djrh

gSaA buesa 'kkfey gSa%

• dqN lkaLd`fr;ä esa yM+fd;ksa vkSj efgykvksa d¨ ekfld /keZ ds n©jku ugkus ;k /küs

dh vuqefr ugha g¨rh gSA ftlls vlqfo/kk g¨rh gS vkSj ruko iSnk g¨rk gSA

• 'k©pky;ä vkSj [kqys ikuh dh xSj miyC/krk ds dkj.k cgqr&lh efgykvksa vkSj

yM+fd;ksa d¨ vius ekfld /keZ ls [kqys esa fuiVuk iM+rk gSA

• os ekfld /keZ ls tqM+h 'kfeZUnxh ls güs okys ruko vkSj ijs'kkuh ls XkzLr g¨ ldrh gSaA

• lkFk gh] os oftZr güs ds dkj.k bu elyä ds ckjs esa ifjokj ds lnL;ä ls Hkh

ckrphr ugha dj ldrh gSaA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 6% Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä vkSj dk;ZLFkyäesa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, vko';d lqfo/kk,¡

38



lSusVjh uSifduä d¨ lqjf{kr rjhds ls u"V djuk

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 7 dh lekfIr ij lgHkkxh lSusVjh uSifduä ds fuiVku ds dÃ rjg ds

fodYiä dh O;k[;k djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

iqu% mi;¨x

[kwu ls lus iqjkus fpFkM+s] diM+s] pknjsa vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu dh rjg bLrseky fd;s x;s oL=ä

d¨ lkQ djus ds fy,] fuEufyf[kr djsa%

• [kwu ls lus diM+ä d¨ lkcqu okys ikuh esa 20 feuVä ds fy, fHkx¨,¡A ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds

fy, fd ikuh esa i;kZIr ek=k esa lkcqu gS] lqfuf'pr djsa fd tc vki ikuh d¨ vius gkFk ls

fgyk,¡ r¨ mlesa dkQh cqycqys gäA

• mu xans diM+ä d¨ oSls gh /k¨,¡ tSls fd vki lkekU;rk lkcqu vkSj ikuh ls /k¨rs gSaA

• lkQ diM+ä d¨ lwjt dh j¨'kuh esa gok ls lw[kus nsaA xans lkcqu okys ikuh d¨ 'k©pky; esa

fxjk nsaA

• vius gkFkä d¨ vPNh rjg ls lkcqu vkSj ikuh ls /k¨,¡A

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 ?kjä] lkoZtfud LFkyä vkSj laLFkkuä esa lSusVjh uSifduä vkSj diM+s ds fuiVku ds fodYi

O;k[;ku vkSj lewg esa ppkZ

CySd c¨MZ

f¶yi pkVZ

ekdZj isu

45 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd2 [kkn cukus dh

çfØ;k vkSj fodYi

O;k[;ku vkSj lewg esa ppkZ

CySd c¨MZ 40 feuV

3 Ldwyä vkSj laLFkkuä esa Hkfë;ä dh LFkkiuk

rduhdsa] ykxr vkSj j[kj[kko


lh[kus dh bdkbZ 7


fuiVkjk

[kwu ls luh lkexzh i;kZoj.k d¨ nwf"kr dj ldrh gS vkSj chekfj;k¡ QSyk ldrh gS ;fn mudk

Bhd ls fuiVkjk u fd;k tk,] blfy, ekfld /keZ ds dpjs ds mfpr fuiVku dh t:jr ij

t¨j nsuk egRoiw.kZ gSA lqfuf'pr djsa fd efgyk,¡ vkSj yM+fd;k¡ xans diM+ä ;k uSifduksa dks

'kkSpky;] [kqyh ukfy;ä] ikuh ds fudk;ä tSls fd ufn;ä] rkykcä vkSj dqvksa tSls LFkkuä ij

ugha QsadsaA

lqjf{kr vif'k"V fuiVku ds lcls vPNs miyC/k rjhdä esa ls dqN fuEufyf[kr gSa%

?kjsyw Lrj ij

1 xgjkbZ esa nckuk%iz;ksx esa yk, x, diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu dks ,d lkekU; xM~<s esa nck;k tk ldrk gSA

• ,d xgjk xM~<k ¼0-5 ehVj pkSM+k x 0-5 ehVj yEck x 1 ehVj xgjk½ [kksnsaA

• bl vkdkj dk ,d xM~<k nks lky rd pyrk gSA ,d ckj blds Hkjus ij nwljk xM~<k [kksnk

vkSj iz;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA

• ,sls xM~<ksa dks ikuh ds lzksr ¼gSaMiai] V~;wcosy] [kqys dq,sa] rkykc] tyk'k; vkSj ufn;ksa½ ls de

ls de lkr ehVj dh nwjh ij [kksnk tkuk pkfg,A

0-5 ehVj

0-5 ehVj

1 ehVj

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 7% lSusVjh uSifduä d¨ lqjf{kr rjhds ls u"V djuk


2- [kkn cukuk % ;g xgjkbZ ls nckus dk ,d csgrj :Ik gS

• ,d xM~<+s ¼0-5 ehVj pkSM+s x 0-5 yEcs x 1 ehVj xgjs½ eas csdkj diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu

dks ifÙk;ksa] vU; xhys tSo bZa/ku vkSj xkscj ds ?kksy ds lkFk nck nsaA

• gj ckj diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifduksa dks u"V djrs le; vfrfjDr lkexzh Mkyrs jgus dh

t:jr gSA

• bl lkexzh dks feV~Vh dh ,d ijr ls <+d nsaA

1 ehVj

0-5 ehVj

3- tykdj HkLe djuk%

iz;ksx fd, gq, diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifduksa dks tykus dh lykg ugha nh tkrh gS D;ksafd ;g

izfØ;k tgjhys ;kSfxdksa dk mRltZu djrh gSA blfy, bldk mi;ksx dsoy rHkh fd;k tkuk

pkfg, tc dksbZ vU; O;okgkfjd

fodYi u gksA miyC/k lalk/kuksa

ds vk/kkj ij tykus okys dpjs

ds fy, nks fodYi gSa] tSlk fd

uhps fp=ksa esa fn[kk;k x;k gS%

• dpjs dks ,d xM~<s esa

tykukA



• dpjs dks ,d fof'k"V :Ik ls cuk, x, Mªe esa tykukA

Ldwyä vkSj dkWystä esa

fuEufyf[kr lfgr dÃ dkjdä ds dkj.k Ldwyä esa ekfld /keZ dpjs dh ek=k dk vuqeku

yxkuk laHko ugha gS%

• Nk=ä dh cnyrh la[;kA

• ekfld /keZ okyh yM+fd;ä dh vuqifLFkfrA

• cnyus vkSj /küs ds fy, mfpr lqfo/kkvksa ds vHkko ds dkj.k cgqr gh de Nk=k,¡ Ldwy ds

?kaVä ds n©jku vius uSifdu cnyrh gSaA

xïuh;rk Ldwy ifjlj esa ekfld /keZ vif'k"V fuiVku vkSj laXkzg dh lqfo/kk ds LFkku dk fu/

kkZj.k djus esa ,d egRoiw.kZ dkjd gSA blfy,] bu lqfo/kkvksa ds LFkku dk fu.kZ; efgyk Nk=ä

vkSj f'k{kdä ls ckr djus ds ckn gh fy;k tkuk pkfg,A

Nsn okyh vkx tykus dh lrgA

<Ddu dks gVk;k vkSj bl fLFkfr essa j[kk x;k gSA

;g Nsn gok dks vUnj tkus esa vkSj vkx tykus ds fy, lrg ds :Ik esa lgk;d gksrk gSA

180 yhVj dk MªeA



fuEufyf[kr rjhdä dk lq>ko Ldwyä esa bLrseky fd;s x;s diM+ä vkSj uSifdu ds laXkzg vkSj

fuiVku ds fy, fn;k tkrk gS%

1- bLrseky fd;s x;s diM+ä vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu d¨ bdV~Bk djuk

• Ldwyä esa Bksl vif'k"V ds fuiVku ds fy, ikjaifjd iz.kkfy;ksa ds vykok ekfld /keZ

ds diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifdu ds fy, vyx fuiVku ç.kkyh dh t:jr gSA

• vknZ'kr% bl laXkzg ç.kkyh dk ç'kklu yM+fd;ä ds ,d lewg ;k Ldwy }kjk fu;qDr

,d deZpkjh }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

• laXkzg djus okys fMCcs yM+fd;ä vkSj efgyk f'k{kdä }kjk igpku fd;s x;s LFkkuä ij

j[ks tkus pkfg,A

• dwM+snkuä ij <Ddu yxs güs pkfg, rkfd xanxh ij efD[k;k¡ u cSBs vkSj mUgsa

tkuojä ls lqjf{kr j[kk tk ldsA ¼bdV~Bk djus okys dwM+snkuä ds mnkgj.kä ds fy,

uhps ns[ksa ½A

• ,d ckj ,d= dj fy;s tkus ij] ekfld /keZ vif'k"V d¨ Ldwy esa miyC/k lalk/kuä

ds vk/kkj ij nck;k] [kkn cukÃ ;k HkLe fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- xgjkbZ esa nckukbLrseky fd;s x;s diM+ksa vkSj lSusVjh uSifduksa ;k nksuksa dks ,d xM~<s ¼1 ehVj pkSM+s x 1

ehVj yEcs x 1 ehVj xgjs½ esa nck;k tk ldrk gSA Ldwy ds ifjlj esa yM+fd;ksa }kjk pquk

x;k xM~<k ,d [kqys LFkku ij gksuk pkfg,A ,d ckj blds Hkj tkus ij nwljk xM~<k [kksndj

iz;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA

3- [kkn cukuk% ;g tehu esa nckus ¼xkM+us½ dk ,d csgrj :Ik gSA

lzksr% ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ek;us j[krh gS% nqfu;k Hkj esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk d¨ csgrj cukus ds fy, ,d lalk/ku ¼okVj,sM] 2012½A



• ,d xM~<ss ¼1 ehVj pkSM+s x 1 ehVj yEcs x 1 ehVj xgjs½ esa iz;ksx esa yk, diM+s vkSj

lSusVjh uSifdu ifÙk;ksa] vU; xhys tSo bZa/ku vkSj xkscj ?kksy ds lkFk [kkn cukus ds

fy, nck nsaA

• gj ckj diM+s vkSj lSusVjh uSifduksa dks u"V djrs le; vfrfjDr lkexzh Mkyrs jgus

dh vko';drk gSA

• bl lkexzh dks feV~Vh dh ,d ijr ls <d nsaA

• Ldwy dh ,d vè;kfidk ;k deZpkfj;ksa esa ls ,d lnL; dks bl lkexzh dks Mkyus

vkSj blls [kkn cukus ds fy, lgk;rk djuh pkfg,A

• leqnk; }kjk ;k Ldwy ds pkjksa vksj jlksbZ?kj dk cxhpk cukus ds fy, bl [kkn dk

iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSSA

4- tykuk@tyk dj HkLe djuk

iz;ksx fd, x;s diM+ksa vkSj uSifduksa dks ,d xgjs xM~<s esa nckus ds lkeku gh ,d [kqys xM~<s

esas tyk;k Hkh tk ldrk gSaA gkykafd] tykus dh lykg ugha nh tkrh vkSj bldk iz;ksx dsoy

rHkh fd;k tkuk pkfg, tcfd dksbZ vkSj O;ogkfjd fodYi ekStwn

u gksA Hkkjr ds dqN Ldwyksa esa LFkkfir dh xbZ HkfV~V;k¡ uhps

fn[kkbZ xbZ gSaA



fctyh ls pyus okyh HkV~Vh

yM+fd;ksa ds gkWLVy] izf'k{k.k dsUnzksa vkSj efgyk la?kksa esa jgus okyh efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd;kasa dh la[;k

ds vk/kkj bl ekWMy dks viuk;k tk ldrk gSA

Ldwy 'kkSpky; ds fy, fuiVku <yku vkSj [kkn okys xM~<s

;g fMtkbu ,d Ng bap ihohlh ikbi ls cuh ,d [kM+h 60 fMxzh <yku dk mi;ksx djrk

gS] tks d{k dh ?kukdkj nhokj esa ,d Nsn ls gksrk gqvk lsfIVd VSad ls vyx] ckgj tehu

esa cus ,d lkekU; ¼fcuk vLrj

okys½ iRFkj ds VqdM+s ls <+ds

xM~<s esa tkrk gSA iz;ksx esa yk;s

gq, ekfld /keZ diM+ksa dks bl

<+yku ls uhps fxjk fn;k tkrk

gSA lIrkg esa ,d ckj xhys xkscj

dk ,d ex ml ij Mky fn;k

tkrk gS ftlls lkjs tSfod dpjs

dks lM+us eas enn feyrh gS vkSj

;g cncw dks jksdrk gS ¼vyfe=k

iVsy] caxykSj½A60°



tSo ç{kkyd

tSo ç{kkyd [kkn cukus dk ,d u;k vkSj mér rjhdk gS] t¨ lSusVjh uSifduä ds fuiVku

ds fy, tSo #ikarj.k dk mi;¨x djrk gSA MkW- fuZeyk xuyk vkSj çlwfr Xkzg vkSj MkW- js.kq

Hkkjnokftr] ch-ts-esfMdy dkWyst iq.ks] Hkkjr }kjk fodflr bl izfd;k esa ukfj;y Qkbcj]

lCth ds fNydä vkSj lqtyk ikmMj ¼MkW Hkkokydj] iq.ks }kjk fodflr½ uked ,d mRçsjd

¼t¨ vi?kVu d¨ rst djrk gS ½ ls Hkjh n¨ 1 ehVj yEcs x 0-6 ehVj pkSM+s x 1 ehVj xgjs nkS fMCcä dk bLrseky djrk gSA

,d v/;;u esa] 20 fnuä ds ckn] lSusVjh uSifduä d¨ ,d LFkkuh; vLirky ls yxHkx 700

ltZjh ls feyh xHkZukyä vkSj Msflax lkexzh ds lkFk ck;¨lSuhVkbt+j ls Hkjk x;k FkkA bl

çfØ;k us yxHkx 300 fdy¨Xkzke dpjs d¨ rhu lky ds ckn vk/ks fdy¨ mitkÅ [kkn esa cny

fn;kA ;g çfØ;k cncw ls eqDr gS vkSj bl ij efD[k;k¡ Hkh ugha vkrh gSaA


46



çR;{k çf'k{k.k d©'ky] lapkj d©'ky vkSj utf+j;s esa cnyko

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 8 dh lekfIr ij izfrHkkxh lapkj d©'ky vkSj çf'k{k.k ds rjhdä dh ,d

fdLe dk çn'kZu djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% çR;{k çf'k{k.k ;¨X;rk,¡

d©u&lh pht+ vkid¨ ,d çHkko'kkyh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ çf'k{kd cukrh gS\

vufxur çf'k{k.k fo'ks"kK lq>ko nsrs gSa fd ,d çf'k{k.k ikB~;Øe d¨ fo'ks"k cukus okyh

pht+ çf'k{kd gSA ,d vPNs çf'k{kd ds fy, ;g t+:jh ugha fd og ikB~;Øe ds ckjs esa

fdlh vkSj ls vf/kd tkurk gÄ ,d vPNs çf'k{kd dh egRoiw.kZ ;¨X;rk mldh i<+kus dh

{kerk g¨rh gS vkSj D;äfd ;g ,d d©'ky gS] vr% bls lh[kk tk ldrk gS vkSj blesa ckdh

lHkh ;¨X;rkvksa tSls gh egkjr gkfly fd;k tk ldrk gSA vU; 'kCnä esa] tc lkekU;

d©'kyksa d¨ fl[kkus dh ckr vkrh gS] ,d nqfu;k Hkj dk fo'ks"kK cuus dh rqyuk esa f'k{k.k

esa csgrj cuuk vf/kd dkjxj gS] tSls fd ekfld /keZ LoPNrk f'k{k.k esa dkjxj cuuk A

xfrfof/k 1%

izfrHkkfx;ksaa d¨ bl ckr esa lfØ; :i ls 'kkfey güs esa lgk;rk djus ds fy, fd ekfld

/keZ LoPNrk izca/ku dk Kku vkSj dkS”kyksa d¨ dSls csgrj rjhds ls gLrkarfjr fd;k tk,] mUgsa

f'k{k.k ds rjhdä ¼O;k[;ku ds vykok½ ds ckjs esa lq>ko nsus ds fy, dgsa] t¨ os fd'k¨jä d¨

'kkfey djus ds fy, viukuk pkgsaxsA fuEufyf[kr rjhdä ij çdk'k Mkyk tk ldrk gS%

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 Ckkrphr@ lapkj dk d©'ky

O;k[;ku vkSj çnZ'ku

CySd c¨MZ 30 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kd2 çR;{k çf'k{k.k

;¨X;rkO;k[;ku] lewg esa ppkZ vkSj vH;kl

CySd c¨MZ 120 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 8


• dgkuh lqukuk

• ukVd

• dfork,¡ vkSj xkus xkuk

• dBiqryh jaxeap

• dgkfu;k¡ i<+dj lqukuk

• çd`fr esa lSj djuk

• ckrphr vkSj lewg esa ppkZ

• fp=dkjh] isfVax djuk vkSj jax Hkjuk

dqN vf/kd mér lewgä ds fy,] vki 'kkfey dj ldrs gSa%

• ifj;¨tuk,¡ vkSj loZs{k.k djUkk

• ç'u¨Rrjh çfrLi/kkZ,¡

• xgu ppkZ

• u`R;

• ewfrZdyk] ekWMfyax vkfnA

• jpuk,¡ fy[kuk vkSj jpukRed ys[ku

• Hkze.k

• jÿ Iys

• uD'kä dk fodkl djuk] tSls fd leqnk; ds uD'ks

• loZs{k.kä d¨ fodflr djuk vkSj ç'u iwNuk

xfrfof/k 2%

izfrHkkfx;ksa d¨ lewgä esa ckaVsa vkSj çR;sd d¨ fuEufyf[kr fLFkfr;ksa esa ls ,d nsa%

1- ,d fd'k¨jh t¨ Ldwy esa gS vkSj mls ekufld lgk;rk dh t:jr gSA

2- ,d fd'k¨jh d¨ Ldwy esa ekgokjh 'kq: g¨ tkrh gS vkSj mls lSusVjh lkexzh dh t:jr gSA

3- ,d u©toku yM+dh t¨ ;©ou laca/kh cnykoä ds ckjs esa fpafrr gS t¨ mlds 'kjhj esa g¨ jgs gSa

vkSj mls lykg dh t:jr gSA

çR;sd lewg d¨ fQj ,d jÿ Iys dk çn'kZu djuk pkfg, vkSj çR;sd ekeys ds ifjn`'; esa

fof'k"V t:jrä dh igpku djus ds ckn vius fopkj lk>s djus pkfg,A mu d©'kyksa ij t¨j

fn;k tkuk pkfg, t¨ ukVd esa nh xbZ fLFkfr ds lek/kku ds fy, mi;qDr gSaA

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 8% çR;{k çf'k{k.k d©'ky] lapkj d©'ky vkSj utf+j;s esa cnyko


lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh ds n`f"Vd¨.k vkSj mudk ç;¨x

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 9 dh lekfIr ij lgHkkxh dÃ rjg dh lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk dh i)fr;¨a vkSj

muds ç;¨x dh O;k[;k djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axs

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% leqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk n`f"Vd¨.k vkSj mldh çfdz;k

eq[; çf'k{kd ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ ds fofHké lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk

nf"Vd¨.k a d¨ js[kkafdr djsaxs] ftlesa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ iz;ksx'kkyk vkSj

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku raEcw ¼VSaUV½ d¨ eq[; nf"Vd¨.k a dh rjg izeq[krk nh tkuh pkfg,A

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ iz;ksx'kkyk ,d ,slk dk;ZØe gS ftlesa txg dh

vko';drk gksrh gS vkSj tks ekfld /keZ LoPNrk d¨ va/ksjksa ls fudkyus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

;g ljy ysfdu çHkkoh nf"Vd¨.k dk mi;¨x djrk gS t¨ bl oftZr eqÌs d¨ cM+s iSekus ij &

vkSj fofo/k Hk©x¨fyd lhekvksa vkSj lanZHk a esa lkeus ykrk gS & vkSj bLks lkaLdfrd lanZHk a dh ,d

foLrr Ja[kyk esa bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ iz;ksx'kkyk dk mÌs'; ljy gS% ekfld /keZ d¨ xoZ dh ckr

le>uk vkSj efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd; a d¨ pqipki cnkZ'r djus d¨ j¨dus esa enn djukA lqjf{kr

vkSj LoPN ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ d¨] vkSj lkFk gh lkFk lqjf{kr iqu% mi;¨x

vkSj@;k ekgokjh LoPNrk mRikn a ds fuiVku d¨ l{ke djds] iz;ksx'kkyk efgykvksa vkSj yM+fd; a

d¨ muds dY;k.k ds fy, ,d cqfu;knh ysfdu e©fyd fgLls ij fu;a=.k ikus dh {kerk nsrh gSA

fdlh Hkh iz;ksx'kkyk dk;ZØe dh ;g ,d O;ogkfjd vko';drk gS fd og ,d ,sls Lokxriw.kZ

vkSj izHkko'kkyh okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djsa tgk¡ izfrHkkxh vFkZiw.kZ <ax ls dk;Z'kkyk esa 'kkfey gks

ldsaA ;g Hkh vko';d gS fd vki viuh dYiuk 'kfDr dk mi;ksx djrs gq, izf'k{k.k esa fopkjksa

ds vknku&iznku ¼ckrphr½ vkSj lh[kus ds ,d lexz] mPp n';rk okys] izsjd vkSj LQwfrZnk;d

okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djsaA

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk ds n`f"Vd¨.k vkSj lkeqnkf;d lgHkkfxrk dh çfØ;k,¡

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku iz;ksx'kkyk vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku raEcw ¼VSaUV½

45 feuV

eq[; çf'k{kdt

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 9


ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ raEcw ,d 3 ehVj yEck x 3 ehVj pkSM+kbZ okyk] vklkuh

ls ,d txg ls nwljh txg ys tk;k tk ldus okyk ¼i¨ZVscy½ <kapk gS t¨ u dsoy ,d vfr

fof'k"V LVSaM dh rjg dk;Z djrk gS cfYd ,d ,sls LFkku dh rjg Hkh tgk¡ yM+fd;ä d¨

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds ckjs esa fl[kk;k tk ldrk gSA bl raEcw dk fMt+kbu ,d BsB Hkkjrh;

>ïM+h tSlk j[kk x;k gS ftlesa ,d ijaijkxr ^ÃaVä* okyh Nr vkSj feëh dh cuh nhokjsa gSaA

vU; iSuyä ij çf'k{k.k çfØ;k d¨ n'kkZrh gqÃ vkd"kZd rLohjsa yxkÃ xÃ gSa] eq[; vfHk;ku ds

rhu okns vkSj ^daxu* dh rLohj ekfld /keZ pØ dk ladsr nsrs gSa lkFk gh ,d psu yxk vkxs

dk iSuy ¼,d njokts dh rLohj ds lkFk½ gS ftldh xksiuh;rk cuk, j[kus ds fy, t:jr

gSA ;g Ýse ,d gYds otu okys ysfdu etcwr ,Y;wehfu;e ls cuk gS( vkSj iwjs raEcw d¨ 'kh/

kzjrk ls vkSj vklkuh ls [kM+k fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj blds vius ifg;s okys dsl esa yisVk

tk ldrk gSA

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ iz;ksx'kkyk vkSj VSaV ij vf/kd foLr`r tkudkjh ds

fy,] dì;k ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ iz;ksx'kkyk la;¨td fu;ekoyh dks i<s+A

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 9% lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh ds n`f"Vd¨.k vkSj mudk ç;¨x


O;ogkj esa cnyko ds midj.k vkSj vkÃÃlh lkeXkzh dk mi;¨x

mÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 10 dh lekfIr ij izfrHkkxh O;ogkj esa cnyko vkSj vU; tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj

lapkj lacaf/k lkexzh ds fy, midj.kä dk bLrseky djus esa l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% lEeku] xoZ] lqj{kk vkSj LokLF; dh Hkkouk dk mi;ksx djrs gq, O;ogkj esa cnyko ds fy, midj.k

fofHké lewgä ¼efgykvksa] fd'k¨j] fd'k¨fj;kssa] ,uthvks ds dk;ZdrkZvksa vkfn½ ds chp ekfld

/keZ LoPNrk ij vkSj vf/kd [kqyh ppkZ,¡ ljy tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k midj.kä }kjk

laHko gksa ikÃ gSa tSls fd rLohjä okys dkMZ t¨ n'kkZrs gSa fd efgyk,¡ vius ekgokjh ds fnuä d¨

dSls O;rhr djrh gSa] ekfld /keZ pØ d¨ Li"V djuk vkSj efgykvksa d¨ vius thou dh vlyh

dgkfu;ä d¨ lk>k djus ds fy, ç¨Rlkfgr djus ds rjhds vkfnA fofHké vk;q ds iq:’kksa vkSj

efgykvksa ds fy, Q¨je vkSj Dyc LFkkfir djuk lkaLd`frd ck/kkvksa d¨ nwj djus esa l{ke cukrk

gS vkSj ekfld /keZ ds lkFk tqM+s dyad d¨ T;knk vklkuh ls lkeuk djus esa enn djrk gSA

cgqr ls LokLF; vkSj fodkl dk;ZØe O;ogkj esa cnyko ds fy, lapkj ¼chlhlh½ d¨ y¨xä

ds LokLF; vkSj dY;k.k d¨ csgrj cukus ds fy, bLrseky djrs gSa] ftlesa ifjokj fu;¨tu

vkSj çtuu laca/kh LokLF;] ekrk vkSj cPps dk LokLF; vkSj laØked chekfj;ä dh j¨dFkke

'kkfey gSaA O;ogkj esa cnyko lacaf/k lapkj ,d çfØ;k gS t¨ y¨xä d¨ LoLFk O;ogkjä vkSj

thou'kSfy;ksa d¨ viukus vkSj cuk, j[kus ds fy, çsfjr djrh gSA LoLFk O;ogkj d¨ cuk, j[kus

ds fy, vke r©j ij O;ogkj esa cnyko ds fy, lapkj esa ,d lewps LokLF; dk;ZØe ds r©j ij

yxkrkj fuos'k fd;s tkus dh t:jr g¨rh gSA

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 lEeku] xoZ] lqj{kk vkSj LokLF; dh Hkkouk dk mi;ksx djrs gq, O;ogkj esa cnyko ds fy, midj.k ¼vf/kdkj vk/kkfjr n`f"Vd¨.kä dks lanHkZ ds :Ik esa ysa½

lkewfgd dk;Z@jÿ Iys

35 feuV

2 tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k lkexzh dk çn'kZu vkSj bLrsekyA

O;k[;ku@jÿ Iys

,ylhMh]

MCY;wch

35 feuV

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 10


lh[kus dh bdkbZ 10% O;ogkj esa cnyko ds midj.k vkSj vkÃÃlh lkeXkzh dk mi;¨x

l= ds mn~ns';

l= ds var esa izfrHkkxh dks fuEu çkIr g¨xk%

1- fofHké O;ogkjksa esa cnyko ds fy, lapkj ¼chlhlh½ lacaf/k midj.kä dh le> t¨ ,d

O;ogkj esa cnyko lacaf/k lapkj dk;ZØe d¨ rS;kj djus vkSj ykxw djus esa lgk;rk ds

fy, miyC/k gäxsA

2- ;g o.kZu djus esa l{ke gäxs fd O;kid igqap ds lkFk lcls çHkkoh O;ogkj esa cnyko

lacaf/k lapkj dk;ZØe vk;ksftr djus ds fy, miyC/k fofHké tkudkjh midj.kä d¨ dc

vkSj dSls bLrseky djuk gSA

• *ehfM;k ds lkFk dke djuk A

• *fçaV* dh gqÃ lkexzh d¨ fodflr djuk A

• *ckfyxä* ds fy, LokLF; f'k{kk A

3- çf'k{kd ds u¨V~l esa çLrqr dh xÃ tkudkjh O;ogkj esa cnyko lacaf/k lapkj lwpuk

midj.k ij e©twn tkudkjh d¨ çLrqr djuk

• tulapkj ekè;eksa ds lkFk dke djuk A

• fçaV dh gqÃ lkexzh d¨ fodflr djukA

• ckfyxä ds fy, LokLF; f'k{kkA

• çHkko'kkyh vkSj vçHkko'kkyh tulapkj ekè;eksa vkSj çdkf'kr dh gqÃ lkexzh

ds mnkgj.kä ds ckjs esa lgHkkfx;ä ds lkFk leh{kk djuk A


l= 2% tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k lkexzh dk çn'kZu vkSj bLrseky

1- izfrHkkfx;ksa d¨ N¨Vs lewgä esa ckaVuk vkSj çR;sd lewg ds fy, O;kogkfjd O;ogkj cnyko

lacaf/k lapkj lewg xfrfof/k dh çfr;ka forfjr djukA

2- lewg d¨ O;ogkj cnyko lacaf/k lapkj xfrfof/k 'khV ij nh tkudkjh dh leh{kk djus

ds fy, dguk vkSj ,d ek/;e dh fo”ks’k lapkj i)fr dk mi;¨x djds yf{kr vkcknh

ds fy, ,d mi;qDr O;ogkj cnyko lacaf/k lapkj lans'k fodflr djuk ftls os çLrqr

LokLF; eqÌä d¨ lac¨f/kr djus ds fy, lcls vPNk ekurs gSaA

3- cM+s lewg ds lkFk lk>k djus ds fy,] lewgä d¨ vius fopkj vkSj fodflr fd;s x;s

ehfM;k lans'k fjdkMZ djus ds fy, dgsaA

lkj

• çLrqr tkudkjh ls çR;sd midj.k ds rgr çeq[k fcanqvksa ij çdk'k Mkyrs gq, l= dk

lkjka'k fudkysaA

• LokLF; is'ksojä d¨ O;ogkj cnyko lacaf/k lapkj d¨ c<+kok nsus ds fy, dÃ fofHké çdkj ds

lapkj ek/;e e©twn gSaA ;g t+:jh gS fd tc vki ,d O;ogkj cnyko lapkj dh ;¨tuk

cuk jgs gä vkSj lapkj ek/;eä dk p;u dj jgs gä r¨ ,sls çR;sd rjhds ij /;kuiwoZd

fopkj fd;k tk, t¨ vkidh yf{kr vkcknh ds fy, mi;qDr g¨ vkSj lqfu'fpr djsa fd lans'k

çHkko'kkyh gSa vkSj tgk¡ rd laHko gks mldh igqap O;kid gksA

• ckfyx f'k{kkFkhZ cPpä ls vyx rjhds ls lh[krs gSaA os Lo;a çsfjr gSa vkSj Lora= f'k{kkFkhZ gSa

blfy, mUgsa lfØ; :i ls lh[kus dh çfØ;k esa 'kkfey djuk t+:jh gS( bl çdkj lh[kus

d¨ muds thou ds vuqHkoä ls t¨M+k vkSj lk>k fd;k tk ldrk gSA

• çHkkoh çdk”ku vkSj tu lapkj lkexzh dk fodkl djus ds fy, dkQh vf/kd ;¨X;rk vkSj

le; dh t:jr g¨rh gSA

• lans'k fyf[kr tkudkjh vkSj XkzkfQDl ds ,d feJ.k dk mi;¨x djrs gq, ljy] Li"V vkSj

,d O;kid rjhds ls cuk, tkus pkfg, t¨ ,d fnypLi dgkuh crkrk g¨ vkSj vkids yf{kr

n'kZdä d¨ cka/ks j[k ldsA



çf'k{kd ds fy, u¨V~l% ehfM;k ds lkFk dke djuk

O;ogkj cnyko lacaf/k lapkj esa ehfM;k dh çeq[k Hkwfedk,¡ gSa%

• vLoLFk O;ogkj ds cqjs çHkkoä ds ckjs esa y¨xä d¨ lwfpr ¼;k f'kf{kr½ djukA

• vLoLFk O;ogkj ds cqjs çHkkoä ds ckjs esa y¨xä d¨ ;kn fnykuk ftUgsa os igys ls gh tkurs gSa]

vkSj bl Kku dh çklafxdrk d¨ cuk, j[kukA

• pkgs çR;{k ;k vçR;{k rjhds ls vU; va'knk;h çHkkoä ds fy, O;fDr;ä d¨ laosnu'khy ;k

mtkxj djds fofHké LoLFk thou 'kSyh çFkkvksa d¨ viukus ds fy, y¨xä dh çsj.kk c<+kukA

• enn dSls çkIr djsa* ;k ^viuh enn dSls djsa* ij vkRe&lgk;rk tkudkjh çnku djukA

• dqN lcwr fn[kkdj lkekftd lgk;rk çnku djuk fd lekt ¼de ls de dqN gn rd½

lokfy;k vLokLF;dj O;ogkjksa@çFkkvksa d¨ vLohd`r djrk gSA

• ,d ,slk lanHkZ çnku djsa ftlesa fu;ked cnyko d¨ çLrqr fd;k tk ldsA

ehfM;k dk lkj%

• çpkj iqfLrdk,¡

• f¶yi pkVZ

• tkudkjh 'khV~l

• U;wt+ ySVj

• i¨LVj

• Vh&'kVZsa

• fLVdlZ


• ohfM;¨t+

• leqnk;ä rd igqap

• dk;ZØe & dBiqryh jaxeap

• Vsyhfotu

• jsfM;¨

• v[kckj

• if=dk,¡


lgh lans'k çnku djus dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gS fd vki bl ckr ij fopkj djsa fd vkids

yf{kr n'kZd d©u gSa vkSj vki vius lans'k rS;kj djuk 'kq: djus ls igys vius lapkj mÌs';ä

ds ckjs esa ckrphr djsaA vki yf{kr n'kZdä d¨ ikfjHkkf"kr djsaA blesa 'kkfey g¨xk%

• viuh yf{kr vkcknh dh LokLF; laca/kh t:jrä ij vius vkadM+s vkSj vuqla/kku dh leh{kk

djuk rkfd mu LokLF; çkFkfedrkvksa d¨ fu/kkZfjr fd;k tk lds ftu ij vki /;ku dsfUnzr

djuk pkgrs gSaA

• mu t¨f[ke okys dkjdä d¨ fu/kkZfjr djuk ftUgsa vki y{; cuk,axsA

• ;g fu.kZ; djuk fd d©u&lk lewg LokLF; ds eqn~nksa ;k t¨f[keksa ds dkjdksa ls lcls vf/kd

çHkkfor g¨rs gSaA

• p;fur y{; lewg ds Hkhrj eu¨n`f"V] O;ogkj vkSj fo'oklä dh dqN le> çkIr gükA

• ,d ckj tc vkid¨ vius yf{kr n'kZdä ds ckjs esa irk py tkrk gS r¨ fQj vki mUgsa

[k¨tus ds rjhdä d¨ fu/kkZfjr dj ldrs gSa vkSj vius lans'k d¨ fodflr djus ds fy, muls

ijke'kZ dj ldrs gSaA

vkids lapkj ds y{; dk mÌs'; gük pkfg,%

• /;ku vkdf"kZr djuk A

• lans'k d¨ Li"V djuk A

• ,d ykHk ds ckjs esa lapkj djuk A

• ckj&ckj ogha lans'k nsuk lqfu'fpr djuk A

• fnekx vkSj fny ij Nki N¨M+ukA

• fo'okl iSnk djuk A

• dk;Zokgh ds fy, cqykuk A

;fn vki vius vfHk;ku ds çHkko”khyrk d¨ lqfu'fpr djuk pkgrs gSa r¨ lgh lans'k nsuk

egRoiw.kZ gSA vkidk ;g lqfu'fpr djuk t+:jh gS fd mRikfnr lkexzh ,slh Hkk"kk] Js.kh vkSj

ygts esa g¨ t¨ mu yf{kr n'kZdä ls feyku [kkrh gS ftu rd vki igqapuk pkgrs gSaA lans'kä

dk u dsoy mi;qDr vkSj le>us ;¨X; gük t+:jh gS cfYd lkFk gh fdlh rjhds ls yf{kr

n'kZdä d¨ çsfjr djus esa l{ke gük Hkh t+:jh gSA

lans'kä d¨ yf{kr n'kZdä ds lkFk feydj muds ijke'kZ ls rS;kj djuk pkfg, vkSj mudh

Li"Vrk] fo'oluh;rk vkSj mi;qDrrk dks forj.k ls igys tkapuk cgqr t+:jh gS A ;fn lkexzh

dk fuekZ.k g¨ tkrk gS vkSj lans'k yf{kr n'kZdä ds fy, mi;qDr ugha gS ;k mUgsa le> esa ugha

vkrk rks blls foRrh; lalk/kuä dh ,d Hk;kud cckZnh g¨ ldrh gS A



lkexzh dh igys ls tkap djokus ds mi;¨xh rjhds Q¨dl lewgä ;k O;fDrxr :i ls

vkeus&lkeus fd;s x;s baVjO;w gSaA ,d rjhdk 'o‚Dl i‚i' gS ;k ,d lkoZtfud LFky ij

csrjrhc <ax ls y¨xä dk p;u djuk g¨xk] tSls fd ,d lM+d ds fdukjs yxs ckt+kj] vkSj

muls vkidh lkexzh dh leh{kk djus vkSj dqN 'kq#vkrh QhMcSd nsus ds fy, dguk g¨xkA

;g lkexzh dk vafre mRiknu djus ls igys lans'k d¨ le>us esa vkus okyh fdlh leL;k d¨

igys gh Bhd dj ysus nsrk gSA

ge iwoZ ijh{k.k lkexzh ds fy, D;k tkap jgs gSa\

• le>&cw>

• XkzkfQ+Dl vkSj 'kCnä d¨ le>us esa vklkuh

• i<+uss ds Lrj dh mi;qDrrk

• rduhdh lVhdrk

• Lohdk;Zrk

• lkaLd`frd laosnu'khyrk

• lkekftd Lohdk;Zrk

• fp=.k dh xq.koRrk

• çLrqfrdj.k dh yackÃ



O;ogkj Eksa cnYkkOk ds midj.k vkSj tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k Lkkexzh dk mi;ksxmÌs';%

lh[kus dh bdkÃ 11 dh lekfIr ij lgHkkxh ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ d¨ ykxw

djus ds fy, ewY;kadu çfØ;k vkSj is'ksojä ds fy, çf'k{k.k ;¨tuk,¡ rS;kj djus dk o.kZu djus

esa l{ke g¨ tk,axsA

lh[kus dk dk;ZØe%

l= 1% çf'k{k.k dk ewY;kadu

1- vkid¨ bl dk;Z'kkyk esa ls lcls vf/kd D;k ;kn gS\ ¼'kCn] okD;ka'k] rLohjsa] fopkj]

fo"k;] y¨x vkfn½

2- D;k dk;Z”kkyk oSlh gh Fkh tSlh vkius vis{kk dh Fkh\ D;k d¨Ã vk'p;Ztud ckras Fkha

¼udkjkRed ;k ldkjkRed½\

3- vki ij iM+us okys ldkjkRed çHkko D;k gSa\ dk;Z'kkyk esa fdl pht us vPNk dke

fd;k\

4- bl dk;Z'kkyk ls iM+us okys udkjkRed çHkko D;k gSa\ vki bl dk;Z'kkyk esa ckjs esa D;k

cnyuk pkgsaxs\

5- bl vuqHko ds ,d urhts ds :i esa vki D;k vyx rjhds ls djsaxs\

6- dì;k laxBu] leUo;] çpkyu&ra=ä vkfn ij vfrfjDr fVIif.k;k¡@flQkfj'ksa çnku djsaA

7- bl od'kki d¨ 1&10 ds Ldsy ij ntZ dj nsa ¼10 ¾ lcls vf/kd larq"V] 1 ¾ lcls

de larq"V½A

1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9 & 10

ØsfMV% QkeZ vkSj l©tU;&ft;kn ewlk] ofj"B çf'k{kd] ehuk {ks=

Øe

la[;k


le; çf'k{kd

1 rduhdh ewY;kadu

O;k[;ku CySd c¨MZ ewY;kadu QkeZ 30 feuVeq[; çf'k{kd

lh[kus dh bdkbZ 10


contentslh[k@f’k{k.k dk gLrkarj.k

bl ckr d¨ /;ku esa j[krs gq, fd vc vkius ,d gh {ks= ls çf'k{kdä ds vkil esa tqM+s

lewg ds lkFk dke dj fy;k gS] d¨lZ djus ds ckn fofHké f'k{k.k xfrfof/k;ä d¨ vklkuh ls

vk;¨ftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

xfrfof/k;k¡ vc fuEukuqlkj gäxh%

1- la;qDr ewY;kadu ds nkSjku ljQsl i¨LV }kjk fu;fer izfØ;k] Ã&esy] Qü vkSj@;k

O;fDrxr ;k=k ds nkSjku ls fu;fer :i ls çfrfØ;k ysukA

2- ikB~;Øe ls fonkÃ ds le; çf'k{k.k ds ckn ds ewY;kadu ds fy, ,d çko/kku g¨xkA

3- is'ksojä ds çf'k{k.k dk la;qDr ewY;kaduA

4- ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ çf'k{k.k d¨ ykxw djus esa fpfdRldä ds dk;kZUo;u

ds çn'kZu esa lq/kkjA

lR;kiu ds rjhds%

çf'k{kdä ds ikB~;Øe ds çf'k{k.k esa fuEufyf[kr rjhds 'kkfey gSa%

1- vkarfjd lR;kiu

• ç'u¨Rrjh

• lewg vH;kl

• lewg dk;Z

• jÿ Iys

• rRdky çfrfØ;k ç'ukoyh

2- ckgjh lR;kiu

• çf'k{k.k ds çHkko dk v/;;u

• leorhZ ewY;kadu


çeq[k çf'k{kd fo'ks"kK gSa vkSj ckgjh fuiq.k O;fDr gSaA çf'k{kdä ds çf'k{k.k dk vk;¨tu

djus okyh ,tsalh ,d xgu ijke'kZ vkSj ckrphr dh çfØ;k ds ek/;e ls çLrkfor çf'k{k.k

dk;ZØe] ekM~;wy] gSaMvkmV~l vkSj çf'k{k.k ds fy, vU; vko';d fo"k;&lkexzh] n`f"Vd¨.k

vkSj dk;Z i)fr d¨ fodflr djsxh vkSj ml ij lger g¨xhA fodflr fd;s x;s çf'k{k.k

fMt+kbu esa lgHkkfx;ä ds mHkjrh gqÃ lh[kus dh t:jr ds vuqlkj mi;qDr la'k¨/kuä ds fy,

yphykiu varfuZfgr g¨xkA

çf'k{k.k ,tsalh çf'k{kdksa ds çf'k{k.k ¼VhvksVh½ dk lapkyu djus ds fy, uohure rduhdä

dk mi;¨x dj ldrh gSA blesa ls vf/kdrj ns'k esa miyC/k vuqHko ls vk,xk vkSj ns'k ds

vf/kdka'k jkT;ä esa Xkzkeh.k ty vkiwfrZ vkSj LoPNrk ij fo'ks"k :i ls cuk;s x, izf'k{k.k vkSj

{kerk fodkl dk;ZØeä dh ,d foLr`r Jà[kyk vk;¨ftr djus okyh fo'ks"kK laLFkkuksa ls

vk;sxkA

lkFk gh] varjjk"Vªh; laLFkkuä dk vuqHko çf'k{kdksa ds çf'k{k.k (VhvksVh) dk;ZØeä d¨

csgrj cukus ds fy, bLrseky fd;k tk,xkA blesa çf'k{k.k dh 'kq#vkr esa çfrHkkfx;ä }kjk

çf'k{k.k y{;ä dks rS;kj djuk vkSj çLrqfr;ä] O;k[;kuä] çn'kZuä] gSaMvkmV~l] lgHkkfx;ä }kjk

O;kogkfjd f'k{k.k ds fy, vkilh ckrphr okyk xfrfof/k;ä vkSj ns'k vkSj ckgj ds fofHké Hkkxä

ls lo¨ZRre çFkkvksa dk mi;¨x 'kkfey gksxkA lkFk gh] izfrHkkfx;ksaa }kjk ikB~;Øe ls tqM+k ,d

ewY;kadu t¨ çf'k{k.k ds y{;ä ¼vkjaHk esa ifjHkkf"kr½ ls tqM+k g¨rk gS] Hkh 'kkfey g¨xkA

çf'k{k.k dh j.kuhfr


contentsvkxs i<+us ds fy,

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk% vk'kk ds fy, i<+us dh lkeXkzh( ¼jk"Vªh; Xkzkeh.k LokLF; fe'ku] Hkkjr½

ekfld /keZ ij v/;k;kssa ds lkFk vaXkzsth esa lalk/ku( ekfld /keZ ds n©jku yM+dh ftu leL;kvksa dk lkeuk dj ldrh gS( ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dk mi;¨x vkSj lSfuVjh uSifdu dk fuiVku( ekfld /keZ LoPNrk d¨ c<+kok nsus ds fy, vkSj xfrfof/k;k¡A http://nhsrcindia.org/pdf_files/resources_thematic/Community_Participation/NHSRC_Contribution/Menstrual_Hygiene_Material/Menstrual_Hygiene_Reading_Material_for_ASHA_english.pdf

ljy rF;ä d¨ lk>k djuk% ekfld /keZ ds LokLF; vkSj LoPNrk ds ckjs esa mi;¨xh tkudkjh ¼;wfulsQ Hkkjr 2008½

lkekU; rjhdk ls c<+us ds v/;k;ksa ds lkFk vaXkzsth esa lalk/ku] ekfld /keZ ls fuiVuk( ekfld /keZ dk çca/ku( uSifduksa dk fuiVku( vkSj ,pvkÃoh ,M~l ds ckjs esa rF;A

http://www.indiasanitationportal.org/sites/default/files/MHM_Book.pdf

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ek;us j[krh gS% nqfu;k Hkj esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk esa lq/kkj ds fy, ,d lalk/ku ¼okVj,sM] 2012½A

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij ekM~;wy vkSj midj.k fdVksa ds lkFk vaXkzsth esa lalk/ku( LoPNrk laj{k.k vkSj fuiVku lkeXkzh( ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij leqnk;ä ds lkFk dke djuk( ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij Ldwyä ds lkFk dke djuk( vkikr fLFkfr;ksa esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk( fo'ks"k t:jrä ds lkFk efgyk,¡a vkSj yM+fd;k¡( dk;ZLFky esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk( vuqla/kku fuxjkuh vkSj iSjksdkjhA

http://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Files/Global/MHM%20files/Compiled_LR.ashx

blds vykok çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy lkeXkzhekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij vk'kk ds fy, çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy ¼jk"Vªh; Xkzkeh.k LokLF; fe'ku] Hkkjr½

vk'kk ds fy, egRoiw.kZ dk;¨Za ij vaXkzsth esa çf'k{k.k ekM;wy( ftLkesa layXud 2 vkSj layXud 5 esa vfrfjDr çf'k{k.k lkeXkzh gS tks çf'k{k.k vH;kl ,d Hkkx ds :i esa Hkwfedk dks crkrh gSa( ekfld /keZ dks le>uk( ekfld /keZ LoPNrk vkSj lSfuVjh uSifdu dk ç;¨x( y{; lewg ds lkFk lapkj( cgh [kkrkA

http://nhsrcindia.org/pdf_files/resources_thematic/Community_Participation/NHSRC_Contribution/Menstrual_Hygiene_

Material/Training_Module_for_ASHA_on_Menstrual_Hygiene_english.pdf

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij vaXkzsth esa çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy% çf'k{kd xkbM+ ¼,LVªkt+sus dk ;qok LokLF; dk;ZØe@IySu bafM;k½

ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij vaXkzsth esa çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy% çf'k{kd xkbM+ ¼,LVªkt+susdk ;qok LokLF; dk;ZØe@IySu bafM;k½ dkSu vPNk çf'k{kd gS( blij ,d çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy( çf'k{kd ds fy, djus vkSj u djus ;ksX; ckrsa( lewg ppkZ dks vkxs c<+kus okyh xfrfof/k;k¡¡A

http://www.younghealthprogrammeyhp.com/_mshost2669695/content/pdf/plan-pdf/mentural-hygiene.pdf


igyk fnu

le; fo"k;&lkexzh l= vof/k rjhdk vkSj Ekk/;e

i<+us ds fy, lkexzh

09%00 iathdj.k 60 feuV

10%00 mn~?kkVu 1 30 feuV O;k[;ku

10%30 ijh{k.k iwoZ@vis{kk,¡ 15 feuV

10%45 pk; ds fy, vodk'k 15 feuV

11%00 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku dh vko';drk] vo/kkj.kk vkSj ?kVd

2 165 feuV O;k[;ku vkSj fQYe 'k¨

f¶yi pkVZ] gSaM vkmV~l

13%45 nïgj dk Hk¨tu 60 feuV

14%45 LokLF; vkSj ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ds chp dk laca/k

3 90 feuV O;k[;ku vkSj CySd c¨MZ

f¶yi pkVZ] ikoj IokbaV


16%30 efgyk] d¨ 'kfDr çnku djuk] viotZu] fodykaxrk] vkSj iq:’kksa dh Hkwfedk

4 40 feuV O;k[;ku vkSj CySd c¨MZ

f¶yi pkVZ] ikoj IokbaV

n`';&JO; lkeXkzhekfld /keZ LoPNrk% ekfld /keZ ds n©jku LoPNrk cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS ¼;wfulsQ bafM;k½ fgUnh esa 12 feuV dh n`'; lkeXkzh

;g n`'; lkeXkzh ,d N¨Vs lewg esa fn[kkus vkSj ;g le>us ds fy, fd vLoPN ekfld /keZ çFkkvksa ls fd'k¨fj;ä vkSj efgykvksa esa çtuu ekxZ ds laØe.k gksus dh laEHkkouk dks crkus ds fy, fMtkbu dh xbZ gSA

http://www.healthphone.org/ammaji/menstrual-hygiene.htm

eS=h& fd'k¨fj;ä d¨ ekfld /keZ LoPNrk ij tkx:d cukuk

,d Ldwy tSls cM+s lewg esa çf'k{k.k ekM~;wy iz;ksx esa ykus ij lykg ds fy, vaXkzsth esa LykbMA lalk/ku ij pkj ,fuesVsM ohfM;¨ gSA vaXkzsth esa mi'kh"kZdä ds lkFk rsyqxw esa ohfM;Ä

http://mythrispeaks.wordpress.com/the-module/.

vuqlwph

vkxs i<+us ds fy,


vuqlwph


i<+us ds fy, lkexzh

9%00 Ikgys fnu dk jhdSi

5 30 feuV

9%30 fofHké vk;q lewgä ¼u©tokuä vkSj jt¨fuo`r efgykvks ½ ds fy, ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku

6 120 feuV O;k[;ku vkSj lewg esa ppkZ

11%30 pk; ds fy, vodk'k

10 feuV

11%40 fofHké Lrjä ds ij laLFkkxr O;oLFkk,¡

8 30 feuV fQYe 'k¨ vkSj jksy Iys

ljdkjh nLrkost+


13%10 ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ij fofHké fgr/kkjdä dh Hkwfedk,¡ vkSj ftEesnkfj;k¡

10 60 feuV O;k[;ku ljdkjh nLrkost+


20 feuV

14%30 Ldwyä] vkaxuokM+h dsUnzä] lkoZtfud LFkkuä vkSj dk;ZLFkyä esa ekfld /keZ LoPNrk çca/ku ds fy, t+:jh lqfo/kk,¡

11 90 feuV psdfyLV

nwljk fnu



i<+us ds fy, lkexzh

09%00 nwljs fnu dk jhdSi

12 30 feuV

09%30 lSusVjh uSifdu¨a dk lqjf{kr fuiVku ¼tSls fd [kkn cukuk vkSj tyk dj HkLe djuk½

13 105 feuV O;k[;ku


15 feuV

11%30 13 tkjh gS 30 feuV


13%00 çR;{k çf'k{k.k dkS”ky] lapkj dkS”ky vkSj utfj;s esa cnyko

14 120 feuV {ks= dk Hkze.k


15 feuV


rhljk fnu

vuqlwph


vuqlwph


i<+us ds fy, lkexzh

9%00 rhljs fnu dk jhdSi 15 30 feuV lkewfgd xfrfof/k

09%30 leqnk; dh Hkkxhnkjh dh fofHké i)fr;k¡ vkSj muds ç;¨x

16 90 feuV O;k[;ku] jÿ Iys vkSj lQyrk dh dgkfu;k¡

lh,yVh,l vkSj Dykl gSaMcqd


11%30 O;ogkj esa cnyko vkSj tkudkjh] f'k{kk vkSj lapkj lacaf/k midj.kksa dk ç;¨x

17 90 feuV


14%00 ewyHkwr deZpkfj;ä ;k is'ksojä ds fy, ekfld /keZ LoPNrk izca/ku ¼,e,p,e½ dh fuxjkuh vkSj çf'k{k.k ;¨tukvksa dh rS;kjh

18 180 feuV



p©Fkk fnu


i<+us ds fy, lkexzh

09%00 p©Fks fnu dk jhdSi

19 30 feuV

09%30 çfrHkkfx;ä }kjk çLrqfr;k¡

20 240 feuV


14%30 loky vkSj tokc l=

22 60 feuV lewg vH;kl


15 feuV

15%45 fonkÃ 23

ik¡pok fnu

ty vkiwfrZ ,oa LoPNrk lg;ksx ifj"kn~15 fpfeau yqÃl MwusUV 1202 ftusok fLoVtjySaM

nwjHkk’k $41 22 560 8181 QSDl $41 22 560 8184 www.wsscc.org [email protected]

ekfld /kez lopnrk izca/ku ds fy, okw'k vksj loklf; · 2018-04-25 · esa vk'kk djrk gww...

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