Theory of Relativity of Time

Mohammad Ali Mian

Timeof

Theory Of Relativity Of TimeTheory Of Relativity Of Time

• In 1915, Albert Einstein first proposed his theory of special relativity.  Essentially, this theory proposes the universe we live in includes 4 dimensions, the first three being what we know are space ,gravity , and the fourth being space-time, which is a dimension where time and space are inextricably linked.

Where “c”is called the light constant and could not be changed

Misconception:Misconception:

• Another misconception about time is that it always moves in forward direct as time has a 4 dimension physical property therefore it is possible to reverse the position of an object in 4 dimensions

• Therefore Einstein did does not appear to be consistent with the observation that time is irreversible.

Theory of parallel universe :Theory of parallel universe :

• Einstein concluded in his later that the past, present, and future all exist simultaneously.

• Many universes exist parallel to each other. theory are called parallel universes .

• . In fact, an infinite universe would have infinitely many planets, and on some of them, the events that play out would be virtually identical to those on our own Earth.

• You are virtually present in this universe and in parallel to this universe you may not have been born.

Different physical laws for different framesDifferent physical laws for different frames• According to Einstein, two people observing the

same event in two different frames could perceive event occurring at two different times.

• Since light does travel at a finite and ever-constant speed(299 792 458 m / s), an observer in non inertial frame will perceive an event as occurring later in time while in inertial frame an observer would perceive event in different time.

• While  the event is "actually" occurring at the same instant in time .

Frame of referenceFrame of reference

• These frames are some what like a boxes which have their own dimensions.

• The physicals law in box are pretty different than other as they are entirely different frame.

• Having different gravitational force, electromagnetic force.

• But all physical laws are same and constant for a single frame.

The Time expand for me and decreases for you but out of the both frame it remain constant.

1st Frame of reference

2nd frame of reference

Time DilationTime Dilation

Simply:Simply:

• According to Fleming's right-hand rule When two forces acts upon each other perpendicularly on same plane it give rise to third force

Similarly:Similarly:

• When two dimensions acts perpendicularly on same plane in same reference frame it also give rise to the dimension that is independent of the called Time.

Curvature caused in space by matter:Curvature caused in space by matter:• Also an important aspect

of Einstein's theory of relativity is that he proposed matter causes space to curve.  If we pretend that "space" is a two-dimensional sheet, a planet place on this "sheet" would cause it to curve (see diagram).  This curvature of space results in what we perceive as gravity. 

Einstein's theory of general relativity predicted that the space-time around Earth would be twisted by the planet's rotation. Gravity Probe B showed this to be correct

Special theory of gravitySpecial theory of gravity

• This is a reason why Smaller objects are attracted to larger ones because they "roll" through the curved space towards  the most massive objects, as moon does revolving around earth.

• And In relation to time, this curvature causes the gravitational time dilation effect

• This is also called the special theory of gravity

gravitational time dilation effectgravitational time dilation effect

• Under normal circumstances, the effect caused by these curved spaces effect is impossible to observe. 

• However, in the presence of the extremes of our universe (such as black holes, where a huge amount of matter is compressed into an extremely small volume), this effect becomes much more obvious.

Time dilation in black holeTime dilation in black hole

•  To a distant observer, an object falling into a black hole would appear to never reach it, due to time dilation causing time to "progress" extremely slower, at least relative to the distant observer (the object in question, however, would very rapidly be destroyed by the black hole before experiencing time dilation).

• It is the easiest way of Time dilation as our frame of reference and black hole frame of reference are entirely different

Matter and Anti matterMatter and Anti matter• According to current

theories on the nature of wormholes, construction of a traversable wormhole would require the existence of a substance with negative energy (often referred to as "exotic matter"). More technically, the wormhole space-time requires a distribution of energy that violates various energy conditions

BOOM !!

Examples of time dilationExamples of time dilation

• Example can be seen through an experiment performed on the International Space Station (ISS).  After the first 6 months in space, the crew of the ISS aged .007 seconds less than the rest of us on earth (the relatively stationary observers).

• Some particles striking the Earth's upper atmosphere have energies that exceed 2*1020 eV. Now the age of the universe is about 13 billion years for us, but for such particles, the age of the universe would be about (13 billion  years/1011), ie about a month. Such a particle could cross the visible universe in a matter of months (their time).

Flaws of theory of relativity of timeFlaws of theory of relativity of time

• According to Einstein no particle can move equal or faster than light (photon) but recent researches have proven to accelerate neutrino 60 times faster than photon.

• Like The OPERA team made headlines after they suggested neutrinos traveled 0.002% faster than light, thus violating Einstein's theory of special relativity.

• If Einstein theory of relativity is true than we would be able to create a time machine in future But none of us see future visitor ?