About Me:

Hello Everyone I am Fayyaz Ahmed and the first thing I would like to

tell you is that I am not a book Writter, I am just a professional like

everyother professional in the field and student of CISCO courses like

you. I completed my CCNA, MSITP & CCNP certifications by the Grace of

ALLAH just some while ago. Now you would be wondering that if I am

not a writer then why am I writing this? Well that is a good question and

to answer this good question I am going to tell you a story of mine .

My Story:

So, the idea of writing this tutorial came into my mind a few

days back when I lost my job. I was working in a software

house as a Network Assistant and I lasted for more then 1 year

there, So when I lost my job for some unknown reasons, I started looking to find a new job and at

that time of those days I was a free man (at last) with lots of free time, So one day I was sitting in

my home and thinking of my future and wondering what is going to happen, I mean that what

should I do in my free time and suddenly the idea came into my mind like this “hayee why am I

wasting my precious time?” why not read a CCNP book, This is a good deal for me because INSHA

ALLAH in Future I will be an Excellent CISCO Newtork Engeneer. So that is how the idea came [very

dramatic isn’t it], then the very next day I started reading the book and after reading the book I

thought of all you guys who are free just like me, what If I can share it with you guys? what I have

learned? It would be great, So for easy understanding I have tried to translate this tutorial in

roman urdu language for all my friends who are my field brother. TRUE STORY That’s All .

Feedback Information:

As you read this tutorial and you think that this has helped you in any way then it would be

great if you give me your feedback and even if you think that it has been poorly conceived and

written I would like to hear your Feedback and your comments. Feel free to comment on CTTC

page on my post or on my Facebook Status. Also I have many notes in my knowledge about

CCNA and topics like VLAN, TRUNKKING, Switches, ACL, OSPF, EIGRP and lots more. Thank You

so much for reading this this and also “prays for my bright Future” stay connected. “Fayyaz

Ahmed”.

Topics:

1. Technology of Routing Protocol. 2. Understand Routing Protocol. 3. Administrative Distance. 4. Default Administrative Distance some Routing Protocol. 5. Routing Protocol Characteristics. 6. EIGRP, OSFP, BGP. 7. Building a Routing Table. 8. EIGRP Protocol Briefly Describe. 9. EIGRP Overview. 10. EIGRP Features . 11. EIGRP Concept. 12. EIGRP Table. 13. EIGRP Function to Controlled by four key technologies. 14. EIGRP Message. 15. EIGRP Transport. 16. EIGRP Delay Time. 17. Neighbor Discovery & Route Exchange. 18. EIGRP Best Route Selection. 19. Successor Route, Feasible Successor Route. 20. How to Calculate Second best path. 21. Feasible Distance, Advertise Distance. 22. EIGRP matriculation. 23. EIGRP Autonomous System Number. 24. EIGRP PDMs Protocol. 25. Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL). 26. Query Problem in EIGRP. 27. Solution Hub & Spoke Topology. 28. Planning an EIGRP Implementation. 29. Basic EIGRP Configuration. 30. Verify & Troubleshoot EIGRP. 31. EIGRP Load Balancing. 32. Unequal load Balancing (Variance command). 33. Equal Load Balancing. 34. Graceful shutdown.

List of EIGPR Labs:

1. EIGRP Configuration

Verify Commands

2. Unequal cost Load Balancing

Verify Commands

3. EIGRP Authentication

Verify Commands

4. Route Summarization in EIGRP

Verify Commands

5. EIGRP Stub Feature

Verify Commands

CCNP

CCNP:

Technology of Routing Protocol:

1) Distance Vector Routing Protocol:

Distance vector routing protocol mien Router apna Pora Routing Table exchange karty hain her 30 second k bad.

(Example) IGRP,RIP & RIPv2

2) Link State Routing Protocol:

Link state routing protocol mien router apna pora router table exchange nahi karty sirf Router mien hoi changing

ya update ko send karty hy. Benefit ye hota hy k kum bandwidth utilize hoti hy. (I.E) OSPF

3) Hybrid Routing Protocol:

Hybrid routing protocol my distance or link state donu hi routing protocol ki khososiyat hoti hy. (I.E) EIGRP

Understand Routing Protocol:

Routing protocol Router ki information ko pass karty hy or network k structure ko apas my share karty hy between

Routers. Cicso Routers bohot sary Protocols ko support karty hain lakin CCNP mien hum sirf EIGRP,OSPF & BGP ko hi

cover kia gaya hy.

Administrative Distance:

AD jab hum routers per bhut sary protocols

chalty hy to jab AD decide karta hy k kon sa

best path thk hy or kon sa best protocol hy

destination route tak pouchny k ley. Jis

protocol ka AD value lowest hota hy router us

protocol ko active rakh k hamari traffic waha sy

pass karta hy.

Default Administrative Distance

some Routing Protocol:

1) Directly Connected Routers. 0

2) Static Route. 1

3) Internal BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). 200

4) External BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). 20

5) Internal EIGRP (Enhance EIGRP). 90

6) External EIGRP (Enhance EIGRP). 170

EIGRP

7) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First). 110

8) IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) 115

9) RIP (Routing Information Protocol). 120

10) Unknown. 255

Routing Protocol Characteristics:

Routing Protocol ko choose karty howy 2 batto ka dehan my rakhna lazmi hy.

1) k wo Conversion Fast kary Speed Achi ho Routing Protocol ki.

2) k wo VLSM ko Support karta hu or EIGRP, OSFP & BGP ye donu ki functionality rakhty hy.

1) EIGRP:

EIGRP Cisco ka propriety protocol hy or ye sirf Cisco k Routers per hi chalta hy. It is simple for network staff to

configure & support.

2) OSFP:

OSPF is a open standard Protocol ap ye kessi bhi router py chala sakty hy chaye 1 Cisco ka ho or 1 Juniper ka

OSPF Run kar jaye ga qk ye industry Standard hy. It is a bit more difficult for network staff to configure & support.

3) BGP:

BGP bhi open Standard hy but ye bhut hi complex or large networks k darmiyaan Autonomous System number

sy connect hota hy. Matlab network k A.S number sy ye implement karny my bhut hi mushkil or complex hy or essy

Network Engineers hi configure or maintain karty hy.

Building a Routing Table:

Router Routing Table banaty hy ye un k kam karny ka 1 tarika hy. Jis sy wo aapas my connect rehty hy.

1) Her router sub sy phly apny next Hope yani apny Braber waly route ki information ko apny Routing Table my safe

karta hy. Or agar wo router invalid hota hy to ussy discard kar dyta hy.

2) Agar bhut sary routers laggye ho to connect sirf wohi hogy aapas my jin my same routing protocol run kar raha

hoga. Like sub my EIGRP or uski process ID same to sary aapas my connect hogy.

3) Agar 1 sy zada routing protocol chal rahy ho or sary routers aapas my bhi connect hu to jis protocol ki A.D value

lowest hogi Router us protocol sy hi data aaagye forward kary ga.

EIGRP Protocol Briefly Described:

EIGRP Overview:

EIGRP sy phly IGRP hota tha jo k 1 (Distance Vector Routing Protocol) tha pher essi protocol ko Enhance kiya gaya essy

or better banaya gaya or pher IGRP ko Update kar k hi EIGRP yani (Enhance Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) Cisco ny

banaya or EIGRP (Hybrid Routing Protocol) hy jo sirf router my hoi changing ya update ko send karta hy pora routing

table nahi.

“Enhance Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a Cisco proprietary & CISCO Standard, advance distance vector

routing protocol & classless routing protocol hy.”

EIGRP Features:

1) Support VLSM

2) Manually summarization at any interface

3) EIGRP matriculation karta hy based on Bandwidth or Delay.

4) EIGRP Multiple Network Layer ko support karta hy jessy “IP,IPX & Apple Talk”

5) EIGRP 1 wahid essa protocol hy jo Equal on Unequal load balancing provide karta hy.

6) EIGRP best path to calculate karta hy per 2nd best path bhi phly sy hi calculate kar k rakhta hy taky Dealy time kam

lagye.

7) EIGRP ki Conversation bhut fast hy qk ye 2nd best path phly sy hi calculate kar k rakhta hy.

8) EIGRP Loop free Topology create karta hy.

9) EIGRP Classless Routing Protocol hy or ye manual Summarization or VLSM ko bhi support karta hy.

10) EIGRP kessi bhi router per Summarization kar sakta hy or OSPF my Summarization sirf ABR router per hoti hy.

11) EIGRP jab bhi koi Update packet send karta hy tu wo broadcast nahi balky Multicast IP py send karta hy jo hy

224.0.0.10.

12) Fast conversation changing form update.

13) Only Update share pora routing table nahi.

14) No broadcast unicast & Multicast Only.

15) Direct IP py run karta hy or IP py Protocol Number 88 ko use karta hy.

16) Multiple Network Layer support karta hy or sub k alag alag Routing Table banata hy.

17) PDMs (Protocol Department Module) this protocol work to different network layer to make a separate table.

EIGRP Concept:

1) EIGRP phly sirf CISCO Propriety protocol tha per ab cisco ny essy open standard bana kar diya.

2) EIGRP ka Administrative Distance yani A.D hota hy 90 or is ka protocol number hy 88.

3) EIGRP Algorithm hy DUAL (Diffusion Update algorithm).

4) Best Path calculate Bandwidth & Delay.

5) Bandwidth zada delay kam its equals to Best Path.

EIGRP Table:

EIGRP 3 table banata hy.

Neighbor Table:

Neighbor Table my Router khud sy directly connected router ki information ko save karta hy k us k baraber my

kon sa Router laga hy or us tak janny ki kia information hy ya kia rasta hy. Or Router pher apny us neighbor

Router k interface py jis sy wo connect horta hy us interface py wo HELLO packets ko send karta hy jis sy Router

ko pata lagta rehta hy k us ka neighbor Router UP hy ya down essy KEEPALIVE messgae bhi khty hy. Or ye her 5

second k bad auto send hoty hy. Or is ka dead time hota hy 3 time load yani 15 second tak agar hello message ka

response nahi aata hy to router samajh jata hy k us ka nighbor Router down hogaya hy. Or ye HELLO packets bhi

Multicast IP py send hoty hy 224.0.0.10.

(Show IP EIGRP neighbors)

Topology Table:

Topology table my Router apny pory network ki diagram rakhta hy or us my sary router ki information hoti hy or

pori topology information bhi save hoti hy. Or EIGRP ka 2nd best path bhi topology table my hota hy.

(Show IP EIGRP Topology)

Routing Table:

Routing Table my sary Routers ki information hoti hy or best path bhi routing table my hota hy. Routing table ko

hum router ka brain khty hy qk wo wahi sy Router sary decision lyta hy.

(Show IP Route)

EIGRP Function to Controlled by four key technologies:

1) Neighbor Discovery : Hello Messages Send

2) Reliable Transport Protocol : Send the EIGRP Traffic & ACK Messages

3) Diffusing Update Algorithm : Loop Free Route EIRGP Algorithm

4) Protocol Department Modules : Separate Routing Table for IP, IPX & Apple TAC

EIGRP Message:

EIGRP 5 tarha k Message ko send karta hy.

1) Hello Message:

Neighbor Relationship build karny k ley.

2) Update Message:

Networks my jab bhi koi update hoti hy tu waha Update message Multicast send kiye jaty hy.

3) Query Message:

Query message my jab best path down hojata hy to router 2nd best path ko active kardyta hy tab router

pher sy koi 2nd best path search karny k ley dosray router ko query message send karta hy or wo dosry router sy

best route ki information k bary my pata karta hy.

4) Reply Message:

Reply message my router Hello message ka rply karty hy hello message sy hi.

5) Acknowledgment Message:

ACK message my router ko jab Update message milta hy to router ACK message send karty hy k unhy

update packets mil gaye hy.

EIGRP Transport:

Jessy IP ki transport TCP sy guzarti hy Voice ki traffic UDP sy guzarti hy wessy hi EIGRP ki Transport us k apny protocol

RTP (Reliable Transport Protocol) sy guzarti hy. Update Message, Query Message or Rply Message my RTP use hota hy

qk waha sy response milta hy.

EIGRP Delay Time:

Kessi bhi 1 Router sy dosry Router tak data ko pouchny my jo time lagta hy ussy Delay Time khty hy. Serial interfaces py

by default Delay Time hota 20,000 in milliseconds or Fast Ethernet py delay time hota hy 100 Ms.

Neighbor Discovery & Route Exchange:

Jab EIGRP first time configure kia jata hy tu sab sy phly router apny neighbor router ki information ko get karty hy

“HELLO MESSAGE” k throw agar wo bhi ussi same A.S number my hu tu. The process of neighbor discovery & route

exchange between two EIGRP routers as fallows.

Step 1 : Router A send a Hello Message. (HELLO MESSAGE)

(I AM A ROUTER “A” WHO IS ON THE LINK???)

Step 2 : Router B reply the Hello Message to Router A. (REPLY MESSAGE)

(HELLO I AM ON THE LINK & I AM ROUTER “B”)

Step 3 : Router A send the Update Message to Router B. (UPDATE MESSAGE)

(HERE IS MY COMPLETE ROUTING INFORMATION)

Step 4 : Router B reply to Router A & send the Update Message. (UPDATE MESSAGE)

(OK NOW I SEND YOU MY ROUTING INFORMATION IN UPDATE MESSAGE)

Step 5 : Router A send the ACK Message to Router B. (ACK MESSAGE)

(YES I RECIVE YOUR ROUTING INFORMATION NOW WE ARE THE “NIEGHBOR”)

Is tarha EIGRP k Neighbor discover hoty hy apny neighbor ko messages send kar k or jab EIGRP my neighbors ban jaty hy

to wo apas my “Keep alive Message” yani Hello Message ko appas my send karty rehty hy her 5 second bad jis sy unhy

link up hy is ki information milti rehti hy. Router 15 second tak Hello message k rply ka wait karty hy or jab 15 second tak

rply nahi aata to routers samajh jaty hy k un ka neighbor router Down hogaya hy. & then pher wo QUERY Message send

karna start karty hy.

EIGRP Best Route Selection:

EIGRP best route ki selection karty hy routers k “Feasible Distance” F.D or “Advertise Distance” A.D sy.

Successor Route:

Jo first path hota hy EIGRP my ussy hum Successor Route khty hy. Or Successor Route ki information Routing Table my

hoti hy qk wo best path hota hy.

Feasible Successor Route:

Jo second best path hota hy EIGRP my ussy hum Feasible Successor Route khty hy. Or us ki information Topology table

my hoti hy. Qk wo 2nd best path hota hy.

How to Calculate Second best path:

Ye samajhny sy phly hum ye samajhty hy Feasible Distance or Advertise Distance kia hota hy.

Feasible Distance: Source Router sy ly kar Destination Router tak jo cost hoti hy links ki ussy hum Feasible

Distance khty.

Advertise Distance: Next Hope yani Source Router k Neighbor Router sy ly kar Destination Router tak jo cost

hoti hy links ki ussy hum Advertise Distance khty hy.

That’s a Rule k agar kissi router ko 2nd best path banna hy tu us ka A.D chota hona chayee best path k F.D sy. Jab ja k wo

2nd best path banny ga. Or essi waja sy hammy EIGRP my loop free topology milti hy.

EIGRP Matriculation:

EIGRP 5 chezzo ko use karta hy apni Matriculation k ley jis sy wo best path wagera ki selection karta hy.

K1 = Bandwidth Value 1

K2 = Delay Value 1

K3 = Load Value 0

K4 = Reliability Value 0

K5 = MFU Value 0

Formula of Calculate Matriculation:

K1 K2 Bandwidth + K3 Delay K5 256

Bandwidth +256 –load K4 + reliability

That is Book Formula:

Easy Formula to Calculate Matriculation:

Matric = (107 / Minimum Bandwidth + Sum of Delays ) * 256

Bandwidth 1544 Kbits , Delay 200000 U sec

EIGRP Autonomous System Number:

EIGRP Configure karty waqt hum us ka A.S number dalty hy jo k us network ki boundary hota hy ya u samajh ly k us

network ki identity hoti hy. A.S number bhi Private or Public hoty hy agar ap internally EIGRP configure kar rahy hy jo sirf

ap k office tak hi hy to ap waha private A.S number ko use kar sakty hy but agar ap Externally EIGRP configure kar rahy

hy jo over the Internet hoga to waha ap ko IANA sy A.S number Purchase karna parta hy to ussy hum Public A.S khty hy.

Or is ki range 1 to 65535 tak hoti hy or hum 1 A.S my Maximum 255 Router laga sakty hy.

EIGRP PDMs Protocol:

PDMs (Protocol Department Modules) ye protocol work karta hy EIGRP my different networks layers k ley different

Routing table banny k ley IP k ley alag Table, IPX k ley alag Table or Apple Talk k ley alag Table.

Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL):

EIGRP (DUAL Algorithm) ko use karta hy Algorithm khty hy us protocol k kam karny k tariky ko us k mechanism ko. Is

Algorithm ki help sy EIGRP best path select karta hy us k F.D or A.D ko dekh k jis path ki Matric lowest hoti hy wo khlata

hy “Successor Route” or jis path ka F.D best path k A.D sy kam hota hy wo khlata hy “Feasible Successor Route” jo k

second best path hota hy. Agar Successor Route down hojata hy to DUAL algorithm Feasible Successor Route ko foren up

kar dyta hy or Topology Table sy otha k Routing Table my ly aata hy or sari traffic pher us link sy aagye forward hoti hy is

sy dead interval time bhut hi kam milta hy. Jab router “Faisable Successor Route” ko as a “Successor Route” select kar

lyta hy to us k pass pher koi second best path nahi bachta to router pher sy second best ko find karny k ley apny sary

interfaces py Query Message send karta hy k ab alternate path ya 2nd best path kon banyee ga is k ley or jab tak sari

Queries ka rply nahi aajta jab tak router koi alternate path ko select nahi karta. Router 3 minute tak sari Queries k rply ka

wait karta hy or agar 3 Minute tak sari Queries ka rply nahi aata to router SIA (Stuck in active) mode my chala jata hy is

case my wo un neighbors sy apni relationship reset kar dyta hy jo Query ka rply nahi karty. SIA mode “Stuck In Active”

ess ley hota hy k Queries itni barh jatti hy qk sary routers appas my send kar rahy hoty hy query message ko or jo router

rply ka wait kar raha hota hy us tak rply pouchta hi nahi hy or Queries ka Loop Create hojata hy or Queries itni barh jati

hy k wo network ki 50 % bandwidth consume kar rahi hoti hy jo k 1 bhut bari problem hy.

Query Problem in EIGRP:

Solution Hub & Spoke Topology:

Is Queries Problem sy bachny k ley hum Hub & Spoke Topology ko use karty hy is my hum routers ko bataty hy k janny ka bs 1 hi rasta hy “jo Query Router ny send ki hy wohi Query ghome k dobara ussy router py na aayee” sirf us Query ka reply aaye matlab Qery jany ka sirf 1 hi rasta hu taky Loop Create na ho paye to essa karny k ley hum router py command chalaty hy STUB command. Stub Routing is the one way to limit queries. Hub & Spoke Topology my STUB Router 1 hi hota hy jo k bhut sary neighbors sy connect hota hy. Ye feature Hub & Spoke Topology my use kia jata hy jab Routers EIGRP my as a STUB Configure hoty hy to jo neighbor router hoty hy wo wohi query bar bar send nahi karty in the form of Loop.

Planning an EIGRP Implementation:

Jab bhi ap EIGRP ki implementation kary ru kuch chezzo ka phly sy hi dehan rakhy jessy. Abhi network ka design kia hy kia setup hy or future ki requirments kia hy : Is network my kia IP address use hogi us ka document us k bad network topology kia hogi, links kis tyoe k hogy, Bandwidth or Utilization kia hogi IP addressing ka design acha hona chahyee taky summarization achi ho saky network k various point py. Final Planning of Network: Final Design my ap network ki summarization, Stub Area, Routers ki Matric us ki Utilization, Exact Topolgy of network, EIGRP A.S number, list of router to run EIGRP, list of implementation all task.

Basic EIGRP Configuration: EIGRP configure karna parta hy Router k Global Mode my ye lazmi k jitny bhi router is EIGRP k Network ka Part hu un ka Same A.S number my configure hona lazmi hy. Taky wo relationship klo build kar saky or apas my Routes share kar sakky. Router (config) # router eigrp 100

Router (config- router) # network 192.168.0.1

Yaha ap wildcard mask bhi dy skty hy hy jaisy k 1 scenario my Router k two interfaces py EIGRP run hy like (Interface-Fa0/0 ip address 192.168.0.1/27) and Fa0/1 (ip address 192.168.0.33/27) or ap ye cha rahy hy k router k sirf fa0/0 interface py EIGRP run ho saky to us k ley ap waha wildcard mask ka use karu gy like. Router (config- router) # network 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.1 ye wildcard mask sirf 2 hi Ips ko use kary ga apny eigrp network my 192.168.0.0 or 192.168.0.1 so jis interface py 192.168.0.1 IP configure hogi wo EIGRP ko Run kary ga or bakki nahi kary gy.

Simple EIGRP Configuration: R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#exit

Verify & Troubleshoot EIGRP: Sub sy state forward tarikka hy EIGRP ko Troubleshoot karna ka wo hy sub sy ply us ka routing table dekhny ka “Show ip

Route” sy or agar sirf wo route dekhny hy jo EIGRP sy learn howy hu to command hy “Show ip route EIGRP”. Eak

command hy “Show ip Protocols” jo dekhaye gi apko EIGRP ka A.S number, uski Timer Value, or identified Networks.

Show ip eigrp topology (show eigrp topology)

show ip eigrp neighbors (verify EIGRP neighbors)

show ip eigrp traffic (EIGRP sy kitny packets sends howy hy ab tak)

show ip eigrp interface (list of interfaces in EIGRP)

Customizing the EIGRP Configuration:

Passive Interface:

Passive interface command Routing Update or Hello Messages ko us interface py rok dyti hy jo interface as a passive interface configure hu. RIP protocol Routing Update or Hello Message ko send hi nahi karty jab wo enabled ho.but agar EIGRP, or OSPF bhi essa hi kary gy to un k neighbor relationship build hi nahi hogi. EIGRP ya OSPF my kessi particullary interface py agar Update or Hello message ko rokna hu to command chalye gi “passive-interface (Interface Number)” or agar sary hi interfaces py Update or Hello message ko rokna hu to command chalye gi “passive-interface defualt” or us k bad agar kessi 1 interface py Update or Hello message recive karny hot u command chalye gi “no passive-interface (Interface Number)” like. R1(config)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)# passive-interface defualt

R1(config-router)# no passive-interface S0/0/0

Unicast Neighbor:

EIGRP Multicast address ko use karta hy apny messages ko send karny k ley jo hy “224.0.0.10” hum is ki ye multicast IP

apni marzi sy bhi configure kar sakty hy us k routing protocols my configuration kar sakty hy command hy “Neighbor (IP

ADDRESS)” wo us ip ka jo ap configure karu router k interface py jo IP configure hy same subnet my hona lazmi hy.

EIGRP Load Balancing:

Unequal load Balancing (Variance command)

Jessy hamary pass 1 Router 4 hy or ussy jana hy Router 5 py to ussy 3 rasty mil rahy hy waha tak janny k

1) Router 1 ki metric hy 50 or is ka R.D hy 30

2) Router 2 ki metric hy 90 or is ka R.D hy 40

3) Router 3 ki metric hy 120 or is ka R.D hy 60

To yaha tak janny k ley 3 rasty ussy mil rahy hy tu router sub sy lowest metric k path ko as best path consider kary ga or

wahi sy data send kary ga. Or Router 4 ka Feasible Distance hyee 50 Right to ab hum dekhty hy k is ka second best path

kon bannye ga to second best path banny k ley shart kiya hy k jis ka R.D lowest hoga best route k F.D sy wo second best

path banny ga jo is case my Router 1 hy qk is ka R.D lowest hy best route k F.D sy. To jab bhi hum unequal load

balancing ki bat karty hy tu hum sirf Feasible successor path ko hi consider karty hy unequal cost load balancing k ley.

To hum kia karty hy yaha py k jo variance ki value hy wo by default 1 hy to hum to agar my variance ki value ko barha k

kar do 2 or pher ussy multiply kardu Router 1 metric sy jo hamara best path hy to variance ki value kitni aye g i 100

Right. To ab kia hoga hammary essy path jin ki metric 100 sy kam hy to wo outh k routing table my chaly jaye gy. Jis sy

Load balancing start ho jaye gi variance value ko hammy itna barhana hota hy k hamara jo second hy route hy us ka F.D

lowest hojaye successor Route k F.D sy jabhi hum ny variance ki value 2 consider ki thi takky 50 ko corse kar k wo 100

hojaye multiply k bad or pher Router 2 ki Matric us sy kam hojaye taky wo Route oth k Routing table my aajye or load

balancing start hojaye. Agar hum essa nahi karty to Router 2 wessy bhi hamara 2nd best path tha per wo load balancing

nahi kar raha tha qk wo routing table my nahi tha wo topology table my tha qk 2nd best path topology table my hoty hy

routing table my nahi to jabhi hum unequal load balancing k ley variance command ko use karty hy or us ki metric ko

mutiple kar k hiegsest karty hy taky 2nd path topolgy table sy oth k routing table my aajye. Or hamesha feasible

successor hi topology table sy oth k routing table my aty hy koi or router nahi or hum Maximum 16 path my load

balancing kar sastky hy.

Commands of Unequal load Balancing:

R1(config)# Router eigrp 100

R1(config)# varience 2

R1(config)# exit

Equal Load Balancing:

Equal load balancing matlab j agar router ko us k donu links py same Cost mily gi destination route tak janny k

ley to wo auto hi load balancing shoro kar dy ga us my wo 1 packet q link sy bhejye ga or 1 packet dosry link sy

is tarha wo alternate packets ko send kar k equal load balancing kary ga jis sy load divide hojaye ga.

Graceful shutdown: Graceful shutdown 1 feature hy EIGRP ka k jab bhi EIGRP my neighbored router Restart ya

EIGRP process shutdown hony ja raha hota hy to router foren 1 Hello Message dosray router ko send karta hy jis my

leakha hota hy “I AM GOING TO SHUTDOWN” to dosra router foren recalculate karty hy path ko or sari traffic khud apny

route sy agye forward karny lag jata hy.

EGIRP Timer Configuration Command:

Ip hello-interval eigrp (A.S num & time in second) (Set Hello interval time)

Ip hold-time eigrp (A.S num & time) interface subcommand (Set Dead interval time)

If you type the command “show ip eigrp neighbors” you see this words.

Detail Neighbors Table:

Hold Time (sec) = neighbor Hello Message reply time.

Up Time = neighbor Relationship kitny time sy up hy.

SRTT (msec) = Smooth Round Trip Time. Matlab apny neighbor tak data kitny time my send kary ga.

RTO = Request Time Out matlab Reliable Transmission karta hy RTP protocol sy incase agar koi

packet miss hojaye to Retransmit kitny time bad kary ga.

Seq number = Sequence Number matlab jo last packet is ny send kia tha us ka Sequence Number kia

tha.

Feedback Information:

As you read this tutorial and you think that this has helped you in any way then it would be

great if you give me your feedback and even if you think that it has been poorly conceived and

written I would like to hear your Feedback and your comments. Feel free to comment on CTTC

page on my post or on my Facebook Status. Also I have many notes in my knowledge about

CCNA and topics like VLAN, TRUNKKING, Switches, ACL, OSPF, EIGRP and lots more. Thank You

so much for reading this this and also “prays for my bright Future” stay connected. “Fayyaz

Ahmed”.