UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY

Dr. Erick Tambo Associate Academic Officer United Nations University – Institute for Environment and Human Security

"Brain Circulation Schemes. How to Include Diaspora in Higher

Education"

Ethio-German Konnect (EGK 2013) 11-12 November 2013

1

v UNU

v UNU in General

v UNU in Bonn (UNU-EHS)

v eLearning@UNU

v UNU and Diaspora

v Brain Drain: some facts

v Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching

v Brain Circulation Scheme: Research

v Other Brain Circulation Schemes

Agenda

UNU

Thematic Area 1.) Peace, Security and Human Rights

2.) Human and Socio-economic Development and Good Governance

3.) Global Health, Population and Sustainable Livelihoods

4.) Global Change and Sustainable Development

5.) Science, Technology, Innovation and Society

Mandate

“The United Nations University (UNU) establish in 1973 represents the academic arm of the United Nations system implementing research and educational programmes in the area of sustainable development, with the particular aim of assisting developing countries.

UNU Campus Worldwide

Science Education

Practice

The New NEXUS

Structure of UNU-EHS, Bonn

Higher Education @ UNU-EHS

Coordination:

1. PhD programme 2. Visiting Scientist

programme 3. Intership

programme 4. Scientific

Colloquium 5.  Alumni Network

Technical support:

1.  Lecture

capturing 2.  Interview

Recording 3. Blackboard

webbinars 4.  Web-based

platforms for information and knowledge exchange

Face-to-Face Courses:

1.  Joint Master 2.  PhD Block

courses 3.  Summer

Academy 4.  WASCAL GRP

in Togo 5.  Other lecturing

(e.g. Univ. Bonn; Univ. Maastricht; ETH Zurich, etc.)

Technology enhanced learning

1.  e-Learning 2.  Mobile

learning 3.  Quality

assurance 4.  OER - Open

Educational Ressources

Research

v  Conceptualization and Integration of e-learning at

EHS v  Personal and Institutional Capacity Development in

institutions of higher education in Africa v  Open Education & Quality assurance in E-Learning v  Bridging the Gap: Science - Education – Practice

v  ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain

eLearning@UNU-EHS

The efficient use of ICT can help to reduce the effect of brain drain à brain gain

Brain Drain

Brain Gain

ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain

ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain

UNU Institute for Natural Resources in Africa Dr. Elias T. Ayuk, Director

UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY Vice Rectorate in Europe (UNU-ViE)

v Since 1990, Africa has been losing 20,000 professionals annually

v Over 300,000 professionals reside outside Africa [OIM, 2010].

v Between 70 and 90 percent of Zimbabwe’s university graduates are now working outside the country

v About 10 percent of South Africa’s IT and finance executives have departed in recent years

v Over 21,000 Nigerian doctors practice in the U.S

v Ethiopia lost 75% of its skilled workforce between 1980-91

v There are more Ethiopian doctors on the east coast of the U.S. than there are in Ethiopia

v To fill the gap caused by this brain drain, Africa employs up to 150,000 expatriate professionals at a cost of $4 billion annually [Shim, 2010].

Brain Drain: some facts

Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching

Face 2 Face

Synchronous

Online

Asynchronous

v Mentoring & Coaching

v  Virtual Classroom

v Webinars v  Live

Assessment

v  Recorded lectures v  Self paced tutorial v Web assessment v  Performance monitoring v Offline learning (Printed

materials CD/DVD, Flash drive)

v Open Integration

v  Introduction/presentation

v  Fieldtrips v  Lab exercises

Short Term Visit

v  Blended Learning model for supervision of students by Diaspora experts

Organization of needs, skills and management of processes

v Pilot project (Blended Learning Supervision model) v Nine experts from three countries resp. migrants associations supervising students in three African universities v 2-4 weeks face 2 face + online activities integrated into the curricula of the respective universities

v Partners v DAESAV e. V., VKII e. V. , DMK e. V.: IT supported organization and mobilization of experts and project management v Univ.: Addis Abba(Ethiopia), Yaoundé 1 (Cameroon), Rabat (Morocco): specification of needs, organization of students and logistics locally v UN Volunteer to support the management of the project and it integration to a broader scheme (UNDP TOKTEN, etc.) v UNU: process design and implementation , infrastructure support

v Outlook/Goal: Evaluation of pilot project and up scaling the model to a Pan-African perspective with interested partners (OSSREA, IDPC, PAU, etc..)

Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching

v Linking independent “research Institutions/think tanks” of Diaspora scientists with research and development processes in the continent

v Context v Europe/Diaspora: Experience and network, Independence in term of

research, career development, applied research and entrepreneurship v Host countries/Africa: liberalization of research, strengthening research

(supervision of PhD), strengthening policy making, development of appropriated solutions, etc.

v Knowledge and technologies transfer bridges: Cooperation/linking experts/institutions in both context (join proposal/project, etc.), mobility of researchers, scientific bilateral discussions, etc.

v Models v Think tank based in Europe with satellites/activities in one or many African

countries v Think tank based in Africa connected to scientists/networks abroad

Brain Circulation Scheme: Research

v Research project: Independent “think tank” of Diaspora scientists as contribution to development, North –South knowledge and technology transfer v Framework for the establishment of think tank by Diaspora scientists v Quadruple WIN approaches with the integration of international or

continental actors (UN, AU, EU, etc.) v Existing think tank

v Afford (UK - Africa) v ADPC (Netherland – Africa ) v Koagni eHealth e. V. (Germany –Cameroon) v Farafina Institute e. V. (Germany – Ghana , Cote d’Ivoire) v Engov-Institute (Cameroon – Germany ) v Etc.

v Network/Associations of diaspora leads of experts

Brain Circulation Scheme: Research

g  Diaspora and Tech Hubs g  Diaspora and Tele-medicine

Other Brain Circulation Schemes …

UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10 53113 Bonn, Germany

Tel.: + 49-228-815-0259 Fax: + 49-228-815-0299 e-mail: tambo@bonn.unu.edu www.bonn.unu.edu

Contact

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”

Nelson Mandela

Literatures

v  [IOM, 2010] International Organization for Migration. http://www.iom.org

v  [Macintosh, 2004] Macintosh, A. Characterizing E-Participation in Policy-Making, In the Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-37), January 5 8, 2004, Big Island, Hawaii.

v  [Shinn, 2010] African Migration and Brain Drain: http://sites.google.com/site/davidhshinn/Home/african-migration-and-the-brain-drain

v  [Tambo, 2010] Erick Gankam Tambo. A Framework for virtual Seminar in Cameroon. Dissertation Feruniversität in Hagen. http://deposit.fernuni-hagen.de/2718/

v  [World Bank, 2010] World Bank Off ic ia ls Engage Afr ican Diaspora in Development Efforts. http://go.worldbank.org/VL2MO5CIN0

v  [P1] Erik van Roekel, Marco Derksen. Banking 2.0 It's all about socialising, sharing and creating. http://www.slideshare.net/marketingfacts/banking-20

v  [P2] Epic. E-Learning. online learning and Blended solution http://www.epic.co.uk/content/news/may_07/Lite_Paper_Learning_communities.pdf

v  [P3] What is WEB 2.0, http://widgets-gadgets.com/2006/10/what-is-web-20.html

v  [P4] Computer Supported Cooperative Work. http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work

v  [P5] Elvis Teke. Telemedecine centre goes operational http://www.crtv.cm/cont/nouvelles/nouvelles_sola_fr.php?idField=3977&table=nouvelles&sub=national

v  Epartizipation: http://www.eparticipation.com/, http://apps4africa.org/, meinparlament.at, participatory budgeting (Cologne, Freiburg), whitehouse/open .

v  Banking /Finance 2.0: zopa.org, smava.org, kiva.org, prosper.com, boober.it, lendingclub.com, finanz.com