Ever wondered what makes a good presentation?

Aristotle's Rhetoric TripodAristotle helps focus speakers on the Rhetoric tripod

Ethos: speaker's credibilityPathos to a speaker's emotional appealsLogos to a speaker's logical appeals.

Type of Public Speaking Informational: Speaking to informMotivational: InspirePersuasive : To sell an idea or productDiscussion Leader

Principles of an Effective Talk

Communicate your arguments and ideas, Persuade your audience that they are true, and be interesting and entertaining

*Organising your InformationGather the InformationLibraries, newspapers, journals, TVPersonal experiencePlan a StructureDivide your subject into clear sectionsIntroduction . Body . ConclusionSelect the key pointsGroup these into logical segments

Sample Speech OutlineI. IntroductionThesisII. Bodysupport argumentsIII. Conclusionreview

Structure of PresentationTell em What you are going to tell emTell emTell em What you told em

*IntroductionBodyConclusion Develop the IntroductionIntroduce yourselfProvide background info on subjectGet audience attentionICE-BREAKERSAlso try anecdotes, humour, rhetorical questions or shocking statements, related current affairsBodyDivide your subject into clear sectionsSub-title each section

*IntroductionBodyConclusionConclusionOutline your main pointsRemind your audience of your messageBottom Line: Good Structure helps you move logically through your presentation.GOOD ENDINGS: Challenge to action OR a rhetorical question

*Using the Three EsEducateEntertain

Explain

A Typical SpeechOpening: 30 Second Attention grabberBenefits statementBody 2 or 3 pointsHave smooth transitionsClosing: A summary or appeal for action

EnthusiasmA speaker is dynamic uses body language and gesturesSincereConfidentAnimatedArticulatePassionate

The Rest of S.P.E.A.K

Antidotes or analogiesKnowledge: Leave the audience with new information

How much do we retain? VERBAL

TONAL

NON VERBAL 7%

38%

55% 100 %

*Know Your TopicBe prepared to get questions!What if I dont know the answer?Know WHEN to say I dont knowKnow HOW to say I dont knowDont just stand there uncomfortably!Be able to recover from interruptionsKnow what to skip if youre running lateDont just talk faster!

*Attitude. (Yours)Are you INTERESTED in your topic?If no, get a different one!If yes, ACT LIKE ITIf YOU arent excitedCant expect OTHER people to be! Dont talk down to audienceYou know more than them about THISThey know more than you about other stuff

*Dead Man TalkingAre you hiding behind the podium?Are your hands/face motionless?Are you staringat your advisor/boss?at your laptop?at the screen?at the ceiling?Is your back to the audience?

IF SO youre probably BORING!

*I Drank A Case Of Mountain Dew!Sometimes nerves make for fast talkingCalm down. E-nun-see-ate.Its not a racePeople need time to absorb information

Take a bottle of water if necessary

*Is This Thing On ? Feedback kills people!Most PA systems are tuned so that the microphone can be middle of your chestNot 2mm from your mouthModulate your voice evenlyCareful turning head affects volume!

If not using a mic project your voice!

*Where are your hands?You have a set of moves that repeat during your talk

Make sure they arent silly lookingDont point with your middle finger

*Ummmm The Uh Yeah.Practice makes perfect OVER practicing can be badDo not read your slides like a scriptMost people lose 20 IQ points in front of an audience

*Summary/ConclusionIf your talk is more than 5 minutes, nice to summarize work & resultsBring people back if they zoned outRemind them why youre great

*Design & LayoutDesign rules in the visual realms of computer monitors and projection screens

*Slide DesignGoals:Convey the necessary informationBe readable/understandableBe interesting (enough)

Avoid:Over stimulationBooooring

*Use the graphic elements to direct viewers to the single most important pointTypeStyleSIZEAlignmentColorDesign DevicesRulesBoxesOpen Spaces

*TypographyHow to Make WORDS WORDSWORDSWORDSWORDSWORDS

*Dont Waste the power of a Visual Aid by filling it up with words. Words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words, words,

*BE ClearBE BriefBE Readable

*Dont UseA Typestyle or SizeWhich Causes EyestrainFor the Last RowsOf Your AudienceTitles 40pt 48pt - Subtitles 32pt 38ptBulleted Lists 24 32ptPreferably use Sans-serif fonts Avoid UnderlinesAll Caps

*COLOURBright Colours to highlight Main/Key PointsA Strong But Sober Colour For Sub-TextA Dark Colour Text against a Light Coloured BackgroundA Light Coloured Text against a Dark Coloured BackgroundCONTRAST

*One Good Picture is WORTH Thousand WordsVISUALISATION

*Visual Aids StudyAUDIENCE RECALL

VisualsUse diagrams when possibleCommunication (easier to understand, more potent)Spatial memoryImpact (less cognitive, more visceral)Elements of Dynamic Delivery

55% Body Language38% Voice7% Content

Elements of Dynamic Delivery55% Body Language7% Content38% Voice

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38

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ContentVoiceBody Language

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*A Layout FormatHelps Audience Focus QuicklyHighlights Main IdeasKeeps Amount of Information & Number of Words ConsistentTitlesLists, Lists, ListsLists, Lists, ListsLists, Lists, ListsLists, Lists, ListsGraphicsGrids, Guides, Layout

*Using Visual AidsUse only essential words or phrasesVisualise the message in each slideChoose a Layout Grid StructureUse a Colour CodePlan a consistent designControl ChangesProvide distinctions between visuals and content

*A well formatted set of Visual AidsHelps your audience recall informationGives quick mental cuesMakes written words legible in poor lighting conditions

*What AboutWord Count for TitlesUse of SubtitlesPunctuationsQuotation MarksAbbreviationsTITLES.TITLES.TITLESSubtitles.. , ? !ASAP, BBC

*Bullets Arent EverythingHow manyLevels ofHierarchy doYou thinkYou need * To express - Your point?

*SpeelchickHow samrt will poeple thikn yuo are?

Watch for:there/their/theyretoo/to/twoits/its*Abhishek jain

*Picture ThisThere are exceptions, but in generalDont have only text on most of your slidesTry to draw diagrams wherever applicable(Well-drawn) pictures easier to understand

*You are not Pixar StudiosPrevious slide(s) used animation

Use only where it is USEFULKnow if presentation system will handleDifferent versions of PowerPoint, Macs, etc.Or use multiple slides to safely animateFlip-book styleAnimationCanBe VeryDistractingUse it sparingly(it can be annoying)

*Mommy, my eyes are burning!Can you look at this for 45 minutes?Colors look different on every LCD projectorColors look different between transparencies and projector

Side note: if printing slides, may want to choose white background to save ink!

*I See A GhostMore contrast on monitor than projectorDifferent projectors == different resultsColors to avoid with white are: Light GreenLight BluePale Yellow

Your slides should have good contrastUsually cant read this

*Bad PresentationsAudience wont see your work is greatBut will make fun of you from back rowzzzWhat does that slide say?Dunno, Im playing minesweeperThose are some NASTY colorsHey it matches my tie.Please let it be OVER*Abhishek jain

*Good PresentationsInteresting topic, explained at audiences levelSlides are understandable and easy to seeGood presentations reflect well on speaker!InterestingI understood this one!You should with a PhDI wonder if this technique would work for my problemLets talk to them at the breakI never thought of that!But its outside my main area*Abhishek jain

How to Handle That Dreaded Question & Answer Session

Listen to the entire question

Pause

Credit The Person

Respond to the Question Bridge

How to Deal With a Hostile AudienceListen carefully to the question & repeat it aloud Answer directly. Look directly at the person asking the question Refer to your Speech Anticipate areas of questioning Be friendly, always keep your temper Always tell the truth Treat two questions from the same person as two separate questionsDon't place your hands on your hips or point at the audience Keep things moving Conclude smartly

10 steps you can take to reduce your speech anxiety Know the room Know the Audience Know Your Material Learn How to Relax Visualize Yourself Speaking Realize People Want You To Succeed Don't apologize For Being Nervous Concentrate on Your Message - not the medium Turn Nervousness into Positive Energy Gain Experience

The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place- George Bernard Shaw

Thank you