effect of exercises on health dr gad

Effect of Effect of

Muscular ExercisesMuscular ExercisesOnOn

Health and WelfareHealth and Welfare

Gad El-Mawla Abd El-AzizProfessor of PhysiologyMansoura University

M.B., B.Ch. 1974 Mansoura University, Egypt.

M.Sc. (Physiology) 1980.

PhD. (Physiology) 1984.

Professor of Physiology (1994).

E-mail: [email protected]

Health is a condition of the Health is a condition of the

body characterized by body characterized by

vigor, vitality, and freedom vigor, vitality, and freedom

from disease.from disease.

Health

Is a body activity which maintains Is a body activity which maintains physical fitness and overall health . physical fitness and overall health .

It is often used to strengthen muscles, It is often used to strengthen muscles, cardiovascular, and pulmonary cardiovascular, and pulmonary systems.systems.

Frequent and regular muscular Frequent and regular muscular exercise:exercise:

- - Prevents diseases of sedentary life such as Prevents diseases of sedentary life such as heart disease, Cardiovascular disease, Type 2 heart disease, Cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes and obesity. diabetes and obesity.

- Improves mental health and helps prevent Improves mental health and helps prevent depression.depression.

- Boosts the immune system.Boosts the immune system.

Muscular Exercise

Sedentary lifestyle It is characterized by sitting or It is characterized by sitting or

remaining inactive for most of the day, remaining inactive for most of the day,

with little or no exercise.with little or no exercise.

It is one of the causes of obesity, heart It is one of the causes of obesity, heart

disease, depression.disease, depression.

It is a major risk factor for stroke, and it is It is a major risk factor for stroke, and it is

linked to cardiovascular mortality.linked to cardiovascular mortality.

Lack of exercise causes muscle atrophy.Lack of exercise causes muscle atrophy.

Reduction in physical fitness is accompanied Reduction in physical fitness is accompanied

by a weakening of the immune system.by a weakening of the immune system.

Exercise and health Regular exercises increases Regular exercises increases

fitness level and capacity for fitness level and capacity for exercise. exercise.

It plays a role in prevention of It plays a role in prevention of cardiovascular disease.cardiovascular disease.

Regular physical activity after Regular physical activity after heart attack gives better rates of heart attack gives better rates of survival and better quality of life. survival and better quality of life.

Healthy people as well as patients Healthy people as well as patients can improve their fitness and can improve their fitness and exercise performance with training.exercise performance with training.

Effects of Exercises on HealthEffects of Exercises on Health

Immediate effects of exercises Immediate effects of exercises

Short term effect of exercises Short term effect of exercises

Effect of regular training and Effect of regular training and

exercise.exercise.

Immediate effects of exercisesImmediate effects of exercises

The heart beats stronger and fasterThe heart beats stronger and faster..

Breathing quickens and deepensBreathing quickens and deepens

Body temperature increasesBody temperature increases

Start to sweatStart to sweat

The muscles begin to acheThe muscles begin to ache

Due to accumulation of the LACTIC ACID. After a Due to accumulation of the LACTIC ACID. After a

while it will make the muscle ache, and the while it will make the muscle ache, and the

muscles will stop working.muscles will stop working.

Increase endurance Increase endurance

Healthier muscles, joints and bones Healthier muscles, joints and bones

Increase metabolism Increase metabolism

Have more energy Have more energy

Experience a sense of well-being and Experience a sense of well-being and be better able to cope with stress be better able to cope with stress

Better able to go to sleep and stay Better able to go to sleep and stay asleepasleep

Short term benefitsShort term benefits of regular exercise of regular exercise

Heart pumps more blood per beat.Heart pumps more blood per beat.

Recovery rate becomes quicker.Recovery rate becomes quicker.

Resting heart rate becomes lower.Resting heart rate becomes lower.

Number of capillaries increases.Number of capillaries increases.

Cardiovascular system becomes more Cardiovascular system becomes more

efficient.efficient.

Effect of regularEffect of regular training and exercise training and exercise

Strength of bones & Ligaments.Strength of bones & Ligaments.

Thickness of the Cartilage.Thickness of the Cartilage.

Strength of Tendons.Strength of Tendons.

Cartilage also increases to cope Cartilage also increases to cope

with more impact.with more impact.

Effect of exercise onEffect of exercise on

Skeletal systemSkeletal system

Muscle Tone.Muscle Tone.

Strength of Tendons.Strength of Tendons.

ability to utilize fat stores.ability to utilize fat stores.

Muscle Hypertrophy depending on Muscle Hypertrophy depending on the training type.the training type.

Muscles and their capillaries Muscles and their capillaries become more efficient.become more efficient.


Muscular systemMuscular system

Heart increases in size and Heart increases in size and

strength. (Muscle).strength. (Muscle).

Lower resting Heart Rate.Lower resting Heart Rate.

Increase in Stroke Volume.Increase in Stroke Volume.

Red Blood cells increase.Red Blood cells increase.


Cardiovascular systemCardiovascular system

RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRESPIRATORY SYSTEM..

Increase in tidal volume. Increase in tidal volume.

Increase in vital capacity.Increase in vital capacity.

Diffusion rate is greater.Diffusion rate is greater.

Increase in VOIncrease in VO22 Max. Max.

The Diaphragm and intercostals muscles The Diaphragm and intercostals muscles

become stronger.become stronger.

More efficient Gas Exchange.More efficient Gas Exchange.


Respiratory systemRespiratory system

Increased energy:Increased energy: efficiency of bodyefficiency of body’’s energy systems and s energy systems and enables you to perform your various daily tasks.enables you to perform your various daily tasks.

Increased Self-Esteem: Increased Self-Esteem: Control of your body weight through fitness is a Control of your body weight through fitness is a way to increase self-esteemway to increase self-esteem

Increase Mental Focus: Increase Mental Focus: Exercise keeps the brain sharp well in old age, Exercise keeps the brain sharp well in old age, And helps to avoiding Alzheimer's disease and And helps to avoiding Alzheimer's disease and senility.senility.

Exercise maintains healthExercise maintains health

Decreased Risk of a Heart Attack: Decreased Risk of a Heart Attack: cholesterol level and cholesterol level and ABP and greatly ABP and greatly diminish the chances of having a heart attack.diminish the chances of having a heart attack.

Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis: Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis: Regular exercise, especially weight-bearing Regular exercise, especially weight-bearing exercise, reduces the risk of osteoporosis, exercise, reduces the risk of osteoporosis, and can even reverse it by building bone and can even reverse it by building bone tissue.tissue.

Reduce the Risk of Breast Cancer:Reduce the Risk of Breast Cancer:Regular exercise burns body fat and thus Regular exercise burns body fat and thus decreases the rate of estrogen production. decreases the rate of estrogen production.


Increased Strength and Stamina: Increased Strength and Stamina:

The daily activity becomes easier.The daily activity becomes easier.

Reduced Depression: Reduced Depression:

Production of Endorphins which improves Production of Endorphins which improves

mood and suppresses depression. mood and suppresses depression.

Decreased Stress Levels:Decreased Stress Levels:

Exercise Exercise stress and anxiety. stress and anxiety.

Exercise helps to calm the mind and relax the Exercise helps to calm the mind and relax the

body. body.


Better quality of sleep:Better quality of sleep:Active individuals fall asleep faster and enjoy Active individuals fall asleep faster and enjoy a more restful sleep than people who lead a a more restful sleep than people who lead a sedentary lifestyle.sedentary lifestyle.

Live longer, Live better:Live longer, Live better:Active individuals live a longer, healthier and Active individuals live a longer, healthier and more productive life than those who do not more productive life than those who do not exercise.exercise.

Healthier muscles, bones, and joints:Healthier muscles, bones, and joints:Regular exercises can result in increased Regular exercises can result in increased muscular strength and endurance, stronger muscular strength and endurance, stronger bones and easy movement of joints.bones and easy movement of joints.


Prevent Illness:Prevent Illness:

Delay the onset of debilitating illnessDelay the onset of debilitating illness

Stroke Stroke

Coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease

Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes

High ABP High ABP

ObesityObesity


Burn more calories:Burn more calories:

Regular exercise will increase your metabolism Regular exercise will increase your metabolism

and better enable you to burn calories. and better enable you to burn calories.

Improve your physical appearance:Improve your physical appearance:

Generally, physically active individuals benefit from an

improved appearance and body composition - lean

muscle versus body fat - and an enhanced social life.


Exercise and brain function.Exercise and brain function.

the blood and oxygen flow to the brain the blood and oxygen flow to the brain

Secretion of brain derived neurotropic Secretion of brain derived neurotropic

factors ( BDNF) which help to create new nerve factors ( BDNF) which help to create new nerve

cells. cells.

dopamine, serotonin. dopamine, serotonin.

Exercises and breathing Exercises and breathing

Breathing deeply during aerobic exercise helps Breathing deeply during aerobic exercise helps

lung volumes and lung capacities. lung volumes and lung capacities.

Role of exercise to preventRole of exercise to preventsome Diseasessome Diseases

Heart Disease.

Strengthens the heart muscleStrengthens the heart muscle

ABPABP

HDL cholesterolHDL cholesterol

LDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol

Enhances coronary blood flowEnhances coronary blood flow

Helps the heart to function more efficiently.Helps the heart to function more efficiently.

Reduce the risk of stroke, heart disease.Reduce the risk of stroke, heart disease.

Type II Diabetes.Type II Diabetes.

Physical activity can enhance Physical activity can enhance

Weight loss. Weight loss.

Increase insulin sensitivity, improve Increase insulin sensitivity, improve

blood sugar and cholesterol levels, blood sugar and cholesterol levels,

and reduce blood lipids.and reduce blood lipids.

Overweight can be prevented or treated Overweight can be prevented or treated

with exercise along with a healthy diet.with exercise along with a healthy diet.

Reduces body fat and increase muscle mass.Reduces body fat and increase muscle mass.

Improves body's ability to burn calories.Improves body's ability to burn calories.

Lowering your body mass index (BMI) is a Lowering your body mass index (BMI) is a

sure way to reduce your risk of dying early sure way to reduce your risk of dying early

and to live a healthier life.and to live a healthier life.

ObesityObesity

Back pain can be managed or Back pain can be managed or prevented with a fitness program. prevented with a fitness program.

Good posture and strong abdomen is Good posture and strong abdomen is best defense against back pain.best defense against back pain.

Back PainBack Pain

Weight-bearing exercise (such as Weight-bearing exercise (such as walking, jogging, stair climbing, or lifting walking, jogging, stair climbing, or lifting weights) strengthens bone formation and weights) strengthens bone formation and helps prevent the osteoporosis.helps prevent the osteoporosis. For maximum results; Combine a diet rich For maximum results; Combine a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D with regular in calcium and vitamin D with regular weight-bearing exercise.weight-bearing exercise.

OsteoporosisOsteoporosis

Improved self-esteem.Improved self-esteem.

Exercise causes release of endorphins Exercise causes release of endorphins

which improves the mood. which improves the mood.

Exercise is followed by euphoric feeling.Exercise is followed by euphoric feeling.

Exercise helps you cope with stress and Exercise helps you cope with stress and

alleviates depression and anxiety.alleviates depression and anxiety.

Psychological BenefitsPsychological Benefits

Simple daily activity Simple daily activity to maintain healthto maintain health

Walking on a regular basis has been shown toWalking on a regular basis has been shown to

reduce anxiety and tension,reduce anxiety and tension,

Aid in weight loss,Aid in weight loss,

Improve cholesterol profile,Improve cholesterol profile,

Slow the process of osteoporosisSlow the process of osteoporosis

Help control hypertension, Help control hypertension,

heart rate, heart rate,

depth of breathing depth of breathing

muscular endurance.muscular endurance.

Walking is a good choice for all agesWalking is a good choice for all ages

Start at a level that is comfortable; it Start at a level that is comfortable; it

is 5-10 minutes at first, then is 5-10 minutes at first, then

graduallygradually. .

Walking needs to be done for at least Walking needs to be done for at least

30 minutes to provide any cardio-30 minutes to provide any cardio-

vascular benefit.vascular benefit.

Walking is a good choice for all agesWalking is a good choice for all ages

ConclusionConclusionIn summary; In summary; Physical exercises is the corner stone to a Physical exercises is the corner stone to a healthy lifestyle. healthy lifestyle. Your physical, mental, and cardiovascular Your physical, mental, and cardiovascular fitness will benefit from exercising.fitness will benefit from exercising.

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المناوي.المناوي.

الله الله وجزاكم وجزاكم خيراخيرا

effect of exercises on health dr gad

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