ee5900: advanced embedded system for smart infrastructure single user smart home
DESCRIPTION
EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home. Smart Grid. Classical Power System v.s. Smart Grid. 3. The Classical Power System. 4. Smart Grid: Making Every Component Intelligent. Clean Reliable Secure Energy Efficient Money Efficient. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure
Single User Smart Home
![Page 2: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Smart Grid
2
![Page 3: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Classical Power System v.s. Smart Grid
3
![Page 4: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Classical Power System
4
![Page 5: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Smart Grid: Making Every Component Intelligent
5
Clean Reliable Secure
Energy EfficientMoney Efficient
![Page 6: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
IBM Smarter Planet
6
![Page 7: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Renewable Energy
7
![Page 8: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Integrated Power and Communication System
8
![Page 9: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Smart Power Transmission and Distribution
More devices integrated such as IED, PMU, FRTU, FDR Improved monitoring and control Improved cybersecurity Energy efficiency Expense efficiency
9
![Page 10: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Smart Community
http://www.meti.go.jp
10
![Page 11: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Smart Home
11
Smart home technologies are viewed as users end of the Smart Grid.
A smart home or building is equipped with special structured wiring to enable occupants to remotely control or program an array of automated home electronic devices.
Smart home is combined with energy resources at either their lowest prices or highest availability, e.g. taking advantage of high solar panel output.
http://www.yousharez.com/2010/11/20/house-of-dreams-a-smart-house-concept/
![Page 12: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Smart Home System
12
![Page 13: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Smart Appliances
Smart Appliances Characterized by• Compact OS installed• Remotely controllable• Multiple operating modes
13
![Page 14: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Home Appliance Remote Control
14
![Page 15: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ZigBee Home Area Network (HAN)
http://www.zigbee.org/
15
![Page 16: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ZigBee Local Area Network (LAN)
16
![Page 17: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Smart Home Deployment in Urban Area
17
![Page 18: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Relationship With Smart Building
18
![Page 19: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Property 1: Dynamic Pricing from Utility Company
Illinois Power Company’s price data
19
Pricing for one-day ahead time period
Pric
e ($
/kw
h)
![Page 20: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Property 2: Renewable Energy Resource
20
Marcelo Gradella Villalva, Jonas Rafael Gazoli, and Ernesto Ruppert Filho. Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 5, May 2009
![Page 21: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Benefit of Smart Home– Reduce monetary expense
– Reduce peak load
– Maximize renewable energy usage
21
![Page 22: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Smart Home System Flow
22
Power flowInternet Control flow
![Page 23: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Smart Home Scheduling
Smart Home Scheduling– when to launch a home appliance
– at what frequency or power level– The variable frequency drive (VFD) is to control the rotational speed
of an alternating current (AC) electric motor through controlling the frequency of the electrical power supplied to the motor
– for how long
– use grid energy or renewable energy
– use battery or not Closely related to Demand Side Management
– Demand Side Management is a top down approach
– Smart Home Scheduling is a bottom up approach
23
![Page 24: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Landry machineDish washer
PHEVAC
Start End
……
13:00 18:0009:00 18:00
08:0018:0017:00 N/A
24
![Page 25: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Electric Vehicles (EV)
25
Powered by one or more Electric Motors
![Page 26: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
26
Powered by an Electric Motor and Engine
• Internal combustion engine uses alternative or conventional fuel
• Battery charged by outside electric power source, engine, or regenerative breaking
• During urban driving, most power comes from stored electricity. Long trips require the engine
![Page 27: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
2014 Honda Accord PHEV 120-volt: less than 3 hours 240-volt: one hour
2013 Toyota Prius PHEV 120-volt: less than 3 hours 240-volt: 1.5 hours
2014 Chevrolet Volt PHEV 120-volt: 10 – 16 hours 240-volt: 4 hours
27
Charging of PHEV at Home
Using mobile connector29 miles of range per hour charge
The fastest way to charge at home58 miles of range per hour charge
![Page 28: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
5 cents/kwh 3 cents / kwh
5 kwh
10 kwh
Power Powerr
Time Time1 2 1 2 3
(a) (b)
VFD Impact
5 cents/kwh 3 cents / kwh
cost = 10 kwh * 5 cents/kwh = 50 cents cost = 5 kwh * 5 cents/kwh + 5 kwh * 3 cents/kwh = 40 cents
28
![Page 29: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Uncertainty of Appliance Execution Time and Energy Consumption In advanced laundry machine, time to do the laundry depends on the
load. How to model it?
29
![Page 30: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Problem Formulation Given n home appliances, to schedule them for monetary expense
minimization considering multiple power level considering variations– Solutions for continuous VFD/power level
– Solutions for discrete VFD/power level
30
Solutions for continuous VFD
Solutions for discrete VFD
1 2
3 4
![Page 31: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
The Procedure of the Our Proposed Scheme
31
Offline Schedule
A deterministic scheduling with continuous power level
A deterministic scheduling with discrete power level
Stochastic Programming for Appliance Variations
Online Schedule for Renewable Energy Variations
![Page 32: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Proposed Scheme Outline
32
![Page 33: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Linear Programming for Deterministic Scheduling with Continuous Power Level
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
minimize:
subject to:
33
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
interval timein the appliancean ofn consumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn consumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by consumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
b
s
s
s
b
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
s
u
s
u
b
z
e
z
y
y
PE
L
x
Ibc
c
y
y
![Page 34: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Max Load Constraint
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
To avoid tripping out, in every time window we have load constraint
uL
TLxAa
ua
,
34
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 35: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Appliance Load Constraint
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
Sum up in each time window appliance power consumption is equal to its input total power
atE
AaExT
Taa
,
1ax
2ax
3ax
35
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 36: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Appliance Speed Limit and Execution Period Constraint
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
The power is upper bounded
TAaPx aa ,,
],[,,0 aaa Aax
Appliance cannot be executed before its starting time or after its deadline
aa
36
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 37: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Power Resource
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
Power resource can be various
Tyyyx usbAa
a
,
37
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 38: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Solar Energy Distribution Constraint
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
Tezy sss ,
Solar Energy can be directly used by home appliances or stored in the battery
38
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 39: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Battery Energy Storage Constraint and Charging Cost
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
Solar Energy Storage
],...,2[,111 Tyzzz bsbb ],...,2[,111 Tyzzz bsbb
Battery Charging Cost
u
Tsc bzb
39
battery theof priceunit
batteryin energy remaining
interval timein theenergy solar
battery tostoredenergy
panelsolar fromenergy
battery fromenergy
u
b
s
s
s
b
b
z
e
z
y
y
grid thefromenergy
energysolar theof priceunit
grid fromenergy theof priceunit
energysolar
grid fromenergy
interval time
u
s
u
s
u
y
c
c
e
y
interval timein the appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy max
appliancean ofn comsumptioenergy total
limitenergy
appliancean by comsumedenergy
coston installati costbattery
a
Ta
u
a
c
c
PE
L
x
Ib
![Page 40: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
The Proposed Scheme Outline
40
![Page 41: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Greedy based Deterministic Scheduling for Task i
41
0 t1 t2 t3 t4
Task i
Price
Power
Time
Time
Cannot handle noninterruptible home appliances
![Page 42: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Greedy based Deterministic Scheduling For Multiple Home Appliances
42
Determine Scheduling Appliances Order
Schedule Current Home Appliance by Greedy
Algorithm
Update Upper Bound of Each Time Interval
An appliance
Schedule
Appliances
Not all the appliance(s) processed
All appliances are processed
![Page 43: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
The Proposed Scheme Outline
43
![Page 44: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Dynamic Programming
44
Given a home appliance, one processes time interval one by one for all possibilities until the last time interval and choose the best solution
0 0 0
Choose the solution with total energy equal to E and minimal monetary cost
![Page 45: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Characterizing
45
For a solution in time interval i, energy consumption e and cost c uniquely characterize its state
Time interval i Time interval i+1(ei, ci) (ei+1, ci+1)
![Page 46: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Pruning
46
For one time interval, (e1, c1) will dominate solution (e2, c2), if e1>= e2 and c1<= c2
Time interval i(15, 20)
(15, 25)
(11, 22)
![Page 47: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Dynamic Programming based Appliance Optimization
47
(1,2)
(2,4)
(3,6)
(1,1)
(2,2)
(3,3)
0 t1 t2
(6, 9) (5, 8)(4, 7)
(5, 7) (4, 6)(3, 5)
(4, 5) (3, 4)(2, 3)
(0,0) (0,0)
(3, 3) (2, 2)(1, 1)
Price
Time
Dynamic Programming returns optimal solution
Power level: {1, 2, 3}
![Page 48: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Handling Multiple Tasks
According an order of tasks Perform the dynamic programming algorithm on each task
48
![Page 49: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Determine Scheduling Appliances Order
Schedule Current Home Appliance by DP
Update Upper Bound of Each Time Interval
An appliance
Schedule
Appliances
Not all the appliance(s) processed
All appliances are processed
DP based Deterministic Scheduling For Multiple Home Appliances
![Page 50: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
The Proposed Scheme Outline
50
![Page 51: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Variation impacts the Scheme
t2 t3 t4
Worst case design
It can be improved
t1
Best PriceWindow
Cost can be reduced
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
AaExT
Taa
,
51
![Page 52: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Best Case Design
t1 t2 t3 t4
52
![Page 53: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Variation Aware Design
An adaptation variable β is introduced to utilize the load variation.
t1 t2 t3 t4
maxmin)1( aaTaE
uT
sc
bsbb
sss
usbAa
a
aaa
aa
T
Taa
Aaua
ccT
ssuu
bzb
Tyzzz
Tezy
Tyyyx
Aax
TAaPx
AaEx
TLx
Ibcycy
],...,2[,
,
,
],[,,0
,,
,
,
)(
111
AaExT
Taa
,
53
![Page 54: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
Uncertainty Aware Algorithm
maxmin)1( aaTaE
Trip rate = trip out event / total event
![Page 55: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
The Design Flow Uncertainty Aware Algorithm
![Page 56: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Algorithmic Flow
Output: Schedule
Input: Task set with tasks which can be scheduled
Yes
up date task load based on β
Generate appliances schedule by solving the LP
Derive current trip rate using Monte Carlo simulation
Current trip rate ≤ Target
Update β
No
Core 1up date task
load based on β
Generate appliances
schedule by solving the LP
Derive current trip rate using Monte Carlo simulation
Current trip rate ≤ Target
Update β
No
Yes
up date task load based on
β
Generate appliances
schedule by solving the LP
Derive current trip rate using Monte Carlo simulation
Current trip rate ≤ Target
Update β
No
up date task load based on
β
Generate appliances
schedule by solving the LP
Derive current trip rate using Monte Carlo simulation
Current trip rate ≤ Target
Update β
No
up date task load based on
β
Generate appliances schedule by
solving the LP
Derive current trip rate using Monte Carlo simulation
Current trip rate ≤ Target
Update β
No
YesYesYes
Core 2 Core 3 Core 4
β from 0 to 0.25 β from 0.25 to 0.5 β from 0.5 to 0.75 β from 0.75 to 1
56
![Page 57: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Monte Carlo Simulation takes 5000 samples Latin Hypercube Sampling takes 200 samples
Current S
57
Latin Hypercube Sampling is a statistical method for generating a distribution of plausible collections of parameter values from a multidimensional distribution
Algorithm Improvement
![Page 58: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
The Proposed Scheme Outline
58
![Page 59: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Online Tuning
Actual renewable energy < Expected– Utilize energy from the power grid
Actual renewable demand > Expected– Save the renewable energy as much as
possible Actual renewable demand = Expected
– Follow the offline schedule
59
![Page 60: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Experimental Setup The proposed scheme was implemented in C++ and tested on a Pentium
Dual Core machine with 2.3 GHz T4500 CPU and 3GB main memory. 500 different task sets are used in the simulation. The number of appliances
in each set ranges from 5 to 30, which is the typical number of household appliances [1].
Two sets of the KD200-54 P series PV modules from Inc [2] are taken to construct a solar station for a residential unit which are cost $502.
The battery cost is set to $75 [3] with 845 kW throughput is taken as energy storage.
The lifetime of the PV system is assumed to be 20 years [4]. Electricity pricing data released by Ameren Illinois Power Corporation [5]
[1] M. Pedrasa, T. Spooner, and I.MacGill, “Coordinated scheduling of residential distributed energy resources to optimize smart home energy services,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 134–144,2010.[2] Data Sheet of KD200-54 P series PV modules, available at http://www.kyocerasolar.com/assets/001/5124.pdf.[3] T. Givler and P. Lilienthal, “Using HOMER software, NRELs micropower optimization module, to explore the role of gen-sets in small solar power systems case study: Sri lanka,” Technical Report NREL/TP-710-36774, 2005.[4] Lifespan and Reliability of Solar Panel,available at http://www.solarpanelinfo.com/solarpanels/solar-panel-cost.php.[5] Real-Time Price, available at https://www2.ameren.com.
60
![Page 61: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Experimental Setup on Weekday Using DP
61
![Page 62: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Energy Consumption Distribution on Weekday
62
Fig1. Energy consumption distribution comparison of Test Case I. (a) Traditional scheduling(b) Dynamic Programming based scheduling.
![Page 63: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Monetary Cost Distribution on Weekday
63
Fig2. Monetary cost comparison of Test Case I. (a) Traditional scheduling (b) Dynamic Programmingbased scheduling.
![Page 64: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Experimental Setup on Weekend Using DP
64
![Page 65: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
65
Fig3. Energy consumption distribution comparison of Test Case II. (a) Traditional scheduling(b) Dynamic Programming based scheduling.
Energy Consumption Distribution on Weekend
![Page 66: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
66
Fig4. Monetary cost comparison of Test Case II. (a) Traditional scheduling (b) Dynamic Programmingbased scheduling.
Monetary Cost Distribution on Weekend
![Page 67: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Experimental Results Using LP
Energy Cost (cents) Runtime (s)
household appliances household appliances
Cost time
67
![Page 68: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Traditional vs. LP vs. Discrete Greedy
68
Cost
Household appliances
![Page 69: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Only DP Can Handle Non Interruptible Task set
Cost
Household appliances
69
![Page 70: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Comparison of Worst Case, Best Case Design and Stochastic Design
Energy Cost (cents) Trip Rate (%)
10 seconds
Household appliances Household appliances
Cost Rate
70
![Page 71: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Online vs. Offline
Household appliances
Cos
t (ce
nts)
71
![Page 72: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Example of a Task Set
72
![Page 73: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Summary
This project proposes a stochastic energy consumption scheduling algorithm based on the time-varying pricing information released by utility companies ahead of time.
Continuous power level and discrete power level are handled. Simulation results show that the proposed energy consumption
scheduling scheme achieves up to 53% monetary expenses reduction when compared to a nature greedy algorithm.
The results also demonstrate that when compared to a worst case design, the proposed design that considers the stochastic energy consumption patterns achieves up to 24% monetary expenses reduction without violating the target trip rate.
The proposed scheduling algorithm can always generate a monetary expense efficient operation schedule within 10 seconds.
73
![Page 74: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Multiple Users
Pricing at 10:00am is cheap, so how about scheduling everything at that time?
74
Will not be cheap anymore
8:00
![Page 75: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Game Theory Based Scheduling
75
![Page 76: EE5900: Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure Single User Smart Home](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062816/56814c48550346895db94d7f/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Thanks
76