ee-20 disturbance detection analysis for power systems

8/10/2019 Ee-20 Disturbance Detection Analysis for Power Systems

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Early Bird DiscountRegister and pay 20 days prior to the

event date and get 15% discount.

Disturbance Detection

& Analysis for Power System

Director of the Consultaon Center, Faculty of

Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

When a major power system disturbance

occurs, protection and control actions are

required to stop the power system degradation,

restore the system to a normal state

and minimize the impact of the disturbance.

The present control actions are not

designed for a fast-developing disturbance and

may be too slow. Local protection

systems are not able to consider the overall

system, which may be affected by

the disturbance.

21-25 December, 2014

Dubai, UAE


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Course Objectives

The fault recording equipment used in monitoring power systems

evolved from a wet trace and light beams writing on special photo

sensitive paper or film oscillograms to digital, microprocessor-based

technology. Some of the old records took days to develop, as in the case

of the wet trace and recurring problems with sensitive papers.

As a result, some key records were lost, making the analysis of power

system disturbances extremely difficult. In addition, starting recording

equipment was a hassle, causing unreliable oscillograph operations.

A digital fault recorder (DFR) is considered an intelligent electronic

device that can be accessed via communication links to send fault

records automatically to remote operating centers and engineering offices

immediately following a disturbance. This allowed a rapid analysis

to make it possible to restore the system. Accurate root-mean-square

measurements as well as a host of software packages can be executed to

verify the system model and to assess the impact of disturbances on

power system equipment.

Analysis of power system disturbances is an important function that mon-

itors the performance of a protection system. It can also provide a wealth

of valuable information regarding correct behavior of the system. Under-

standing power system phenomena can be simplified, and adoption of

safe operating limits and protective relaying practices can be enhanced.

Review of DFR and numerical relay fault records for system operations

can help to isolate incipient problems so that corrections can be imple-

mented before the problems become serious. Understanding power sys-tem oscillations and system relaying response during a power swing con-

dition can be enhanced, thus avoiding system blackouts. In addition, un-

derstanding power system engineering concepts and the use of symmet-

rical components in the analysis of power system faults can be enforced

and enhanced through DFR analysis.

Course Overview:

ogically organized, Disturbance Analysis for

ower Systems begins with an introduction to the

ower system disturbance analysis function and

s implementation. This course will guide partic-

pants through the causes and modes of clearing

f phase and ground faults occurring within pow-

r systems as well as power system phenomenand their impact on relay system performance.

The course will demonstrate how protection sys-

ems have performed in detecting and isolating

ower system disturbances in:

Generators

Transformers

Overhead transmission lines

Cable transmission line feeders

Circuit breaker failures

Language: Who should attend?

This beneficial course for Electrical Engineers and

Senior Technicians specialized in the fields of Pow-

er Quality, Operation, Design, Instrumentation, and

Analysis. In addition, the course is suitable for those

who want to get deep understanding of Power

Systems monitoring, and mitigation techniques.

The Presentation, supplied documents, and

orkshop exercises of the course are in English.

However, based on the trainees desires, use of

ilingual (English and Arabic) for oral

xplanation is available.


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01) Power System Sources and Configurations

Introduction

Generation Plants

1.2.1 Thermal or Steam Power Stations

1.2.2 Hydraulic Power Stations

1.2.3 Nuclear Power Stations

Transmission Networks

Distribution Networks

Electric Supply Systems on High Voltage Level

1.5.1 General

1.5.2 Schemes of High Voltage Network

1.5.2.1 H Type Arrangement

1.5.2.2 Single Busbar

1.5.2.3 Duplicate Busbar

1.5.2.4 One And Half ( 11/2 ) - Switch Busbar

On Medium Voltage Level

1.6.1 Category And Reservation Of Consumers

Feedings

1.6.1.1 First Category Customers

1.6.1.2 Second Category Customers

1.6.1.3 Third Category Customers

1.6.2 The Existing Electric Supply Systems Adopted On

Medium Voltage Level (6.6.11. 22 kV)

1.6.2.1 Industrial Loads

1.6.2.2 Agricultural Loads

1.6.2.3 Electricity Distribution Companies (UrbanAnd Rural Electric Networks )

On Low Voltage Level

1.7.1 Introduction

1.7.2 End Feeding Circuits

1.7.2.1 Residential Loads And Public Lighting

1.7.2.2 Commercial And Small Workshops Loads

1.7.2.3 Irrigation Loads

1.7.3 Branched Circuits (Feeding Risers)

1.7.4 Principal Circuits

1.7.4.1 In Urban Zones

1.7.4.2 In Rural Zones

1.7.5 Security Feeding For Important Loads

1.7.6 Earthing Systems

Equipment And Utility Supply Systems Reliability Data

Reliability Data From IEEE Surveys

Reliability Of Electrical Equipment

Reliability Of Electric Utility Power Supplies

02) Power System Disturbances

Sudden Disturbance

2.1.1 Weather

2.1.2 Environment

2.1.4 Plant Failure

Course Outlines

2.1.5 Human Error

2.1 Sudden Disturbance

2.1.1 Weather

2.1.2 Environment

2.1.3 Balance Between Demand And Generation

2.1.4 Plant Failure

2.1.5 Human Error

2.2 Predictable Disturbances

2.2.1 Shortage of Plant Capacity

2.2.2 Shortage of Fuel

2.2.3 Shortage of 'Ancillary' Supplies

2.2.4 Shortage of Operating Staff

2.2.5 Shortage of Control Staff

2.3 Forms of System Failure

2.3.1 Thermal Overloads

2.3.2 Switchgear Ratings, Excessive System Fault

2.3.3 Voltage Outside Limits

2.3.4 Frequency Outside Limits

2.3.5 Steady State, Transient and Dynamic Stability

2.3.6 Voltage Instability

Module 03) Disturbances and Stability Measure For

Power Systems as Affected by Load Types and Modeling

3.1 Introduction

3.2Active Power Transmission Using Elementary Models

3.3 Reactive Power Transmission Using Elementary Models3.4 Relation of Voltage Stability to Rotor Angle Stability

3.5 Classification of Power System Analysis

3.5.1 Power System Operation

3.5.1.1 Load Flow

3.5.1.2 Short Circuit Studies

3.6 Power System Reliability &Control

3.6.1 Power Angle Stability

3.6.2 Voltage Stability

3.7 Steady State Stability Analysis3.7.1 Dynamic Instability Analysis

3.7.2 Transient Instability Analysis

3.7.2.1 The Time Domain Simulation Method

3.7.2.2 Equal Area Criterion

3.7.2.3 Voltage collapse

3.8 Load Characteristics Influence On Voltage Stability

3.8.1 Load Modeling

3.8.2 Static Models

3.8.3 Dynamic Models

3.8.3.1 Influence of the Load Power Factor

3.8.3.2 Voltage Performances with Different

load Class Composition

3.9 Effect of Load Model


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04) The Per Unit System and Percentage

4.1 The Per-Unit System

4.2 Impact on Transformers

4.3 Per-Unit Scaling Extended to Three-Phase Systems

4.4 Per-Unit Scaling Extended to a General Three

Phase System4.5 Symmetrical Components for Power System

Analysis

4.6 Fundamental Definitions

4.7 Voltage and Current Transformation

4.8 Impedance Transformation

4.9 Power Calculations

4.10 System Load Representation

4.11 Summary of the Symmetrical Components in the

General Three-Phase Case

4.12 Reduction to the Balanced Case

4.13 Balanced Voltages and Currents

4.14 Balanced Impedances

4.15 Balanced Power Calculations

4.16 Balanced System Loads

4.17 Summary of Symmetrical Components in the

Balanced Case

4.18 Sequence Network Representation in Per-Unit

4.19 Power Transformers

05) Short Circuit Faults and Disturbance

5.1 Short Circuit Current dependence on the different

types of short-circuit

5.2 Three-phase short-circuit

5.3 Phase-to-phase short-circuit clear of earth

5.4 Phase-to-earth fault (one or two phases)

5.5 Determining the various short-circuit impedances

5.6 Relationships between impedances at the differentvoltage levels in an installation

5.7 Impedances as a function of the voltage

5.8 Calculation of the relative impedances

5.9 Fault arc

06) Symmetrical Components

Introduction

Symmetrical Components : Motivation

The -operator

Symmetrical components

Sequence impedances

Transformer

Cables

Course Outlines

6.8 Recap

6.9 Important concept

6.10 Developing sequence networks

6.11 Loads

6.12 Lines

6.13 Transformers

6.14 Rotating machines

6.15 Obtaining Thevenin equivalents

6.16 Connecting the networks

6.17 Three-phase fault

6.18 Single-phase fault

6.19 Line-to-line fault

6.20 Two-line to ground fault

Module 07) Power Flow Studies

7.1 Introduction

7.2 The Power Flow Problem

7.3 Formulation of the Bus Admittance Matrix

7.4 Formulation of the Power Flow Equations

7.5 Bus Classifications

7.5.1 Slack Bus

7.5.2 Load Bus (P-Q Bus)

7.5.3 Voltage Controlled Bus (P-V Bus)

7.6 Generalized Power Flow Development

7.7 The Basic Power Flow Equations (PFE)

7.8 Solution Methods

7.9 The Newton-Raphson Method

7.10 Fast Decoupled Power Flow Solution

7.11 Component Power Flows

Module 08) AC Line Disturbance Transients and its

countermeasures

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Naturally Occurring Disturbances

8.2.1 Sources of Atmospheric Energy8.2.2 Characteristics of Lightning

8.2.2.1 Cloud-to-Cloud Activity

8.2.3 Lightning Protection

8.2.3.1 Protection Area

8.2.4 Electrostatic Discharge

8.2.4.1 Turboelectric Effect

8.2.5 EMP Radiation

8.2.6 Coupling Transient Energy

8.3 Equipment-Caused Transient Disturbances

8.3.1 Utility System Faults

8.3.2 Switch Contact Arcing

8.3.3 Telephone System Transients

8.3.4 Nonlinear Loads and Harmonic Energy


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8.3.5 Carrier Storage

8.3.6 Transient-Generated Noise

8.3.6.1 ESD Noise

8.3.6.2 Contact Arcing

8.3.6.3 SCR Switching

Power Disturbance Classifications

8.4.1 Standards of Measurement

Assessing the Threat

8.5.1 Fundamental Measurement Techniques

8.5.1.1 Root-Mean-Square

8.5.1.2 Average-Response Measurement

8.5.1.3 Peak-Response Measurement

8.5.1.4 Meter Accuracy

8.5.2 Digital Measurement Instruments

8.5.3 Digital Signal Conversion

8.5.3.1 The A/D Conversion Process

8.5.4 Digital Monitor Features

8.5.4.1 Capturing Transient Waveforms

8.5.4.2 Case in Point

Reliability Considerations

09) Fault Current Level and its Transient

Effect of Fault Location on Fault Current Level

Calculation of the Transient Recovery Voltage

Making Current

Breaking Current

Rate of Rise of Re-striking Voltage

10) Measures to Minimize the Impact of

Factors in Onset, Severity and Propagation of a

Disturbance

Measures in the Planning Timescale to Minimize the

Risk of a Disturbance 110.2.1 The Basic Formulation

10.2.2 Generation Provisions in the System Plan

10.2.3 Measures for Demand Adjustment

Measures in the Operational Timescale to Minimize

the Risk and Impact of a Disturbance

10.3.1 Under-frequency Load Disconnection .

10.3.2 Other Frequency Control Mechanisms

10.3.3 Memoranda and Procedures

Special Protection Schemes

10.4.1 The Elements of a Protection Scheme

10.4.2 The Performance of SPS

10.4.3 Prevention of Overload and Instability

10.4.4 System Application of SPS

Course Outlines

10.5 Reduction in the Spread of Disturbances

10.5.1 Rapid Clearance of Faults

10.5.2 Sustainable Conditions Following the Initial

Fault Clearance

10.5.3 Restoration of Normal Conditions

10.6 Measures to Minimize the Impact of Predictable

Disturbances

10.6.1 Natural Phenomena

10.6.2 Incipient Breakdown of Plant

10.6.3 Labour Problems

10.7 An Approach to Managing Resources

10.8 The Control Centre

10.8.1 SCADA

10.8.2 Main, Standby and Backup SCADA/EMS

Systems

10.8.3 Communications

Module 11) Disturbances Detection Technique in

Electrical Power System

11.1 Utility requirements for fault analysis

11.2 Fault recording equipment : sequence of events

recorders

11.2.1 Background

11.2.2 Brief description of the drawings

11.2.3 Detailed description

11.2.4 Types of recorded signals11.2.5 Data security and cyber attacks

11.2.6 Wireless ports

11.2.7 Memory storage

11.2.8 Time synchronization

11.2.9 Secure access and commands

11.2.10 Triggering and record organization

11.3 Digital fault records

11.4 Fault diagnosis using SCADA system

Course Summ ary Conclusion


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is a full Professor at

the Electrical Power and Machines Department, Ain

Shams University, in Cairo, Egypt. Prof. Elkhodary had

his Ph.D Degree in the year 1995, from the University of

Windsor, Canada, major in Electrical Power Engineer-

ing. He has an extensive practical experience in various

Electrical Power fields. Since then, Prof. Dr. Elkhodary

is the consultant for several projects belong to Inter-

national firms (European Union Commission EU, the

European Investment Bank EIB, The USAID, the

World Bank, The United Nation Development Plan

UNDP). Prof. Salem Elkhodary is also provides Consul-

tancy Services for several projects in Egypt, The King-

dom of Saudi Arabia, The Government of Libya. He is

responsible of writing the Electrical Code for the

Egyptian Sewage and Water Plants. He is also affili-ated with International Electrical Code IEC, Interna-

tional Ceigre Committee, the Egyptian Society of

Engineers (ESE), and the Egypt Engineers Syndicate

(EES). He is Certified Energy Manager from the Associ-

ation of Energy Engineers (Georgia USA), and Certified

Consultant. Dr. Salem had various technical visits

around the globe for trainings, seminars, & conferences

such as Alstom Company Transformer Factory

& Schneider Electric Factories, Grenoble, France,

EASI Company for Energy Conservation in Tennes-

sie USA, University of British Columbia & its

laboratory, Vancouver British Columbia, University of

California San Diego and its laboratory, Furthermore,

Eng. Salem has various publications and participated

in Research concerned with the Electrical Distribu-

tion Network, the Distributed Generation, the

Renewable Energy, High Voltage Network, Dielec-

trics, GIS Substations, Load Forecast, Reactive Power

Management, Mitigation of Electromagnetic Fields,Loss Reduction, Networks Stability, Networks Recon-

figuration, Standardization of Switchgear and Networks

Planning. He has invited talks in different places

from which (the ARAB ELECTRICITY REGULA-

TORS FORUM AT THE COUNCIL OF ARAB

STATE LEAGUE, THE CLIMATE CHANGE

CONFERENCE (AFRICA INSTITUTE OF

SOUTH AFRICA) IN DURBAN, SOUTH AFRI-

CA, IEEE, POWER ENGINEERING SOCIETY

SEMINARS, AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WIND-

SOR, CANADA, THE DAL-HOUSEY UNIVERSI-

TY, HALIFAX, CANADA).

About the Instructor

Payment Method:

A confirmation letter will be sent upon your registration.

Note that full payment must be made prior to the event.

Only those delegates who have paid in full will be

admitted to the event. All payments should be to APEX

Account:

HSBC Bank Middle East limited,

Jebel Ali Branch, Dubai, UAE

IBAN No: AE020200000035626472101

Contact Details:

Closing of Registration will be two (2) weeks prior to

the course date.

APEX can assist and provide corporate rates for the

hotel accommodation.

Course fees will cover coffee breaks, lunch, materials

and certificate of participation.

In-House course is also available upon request and can

be customized as per clients needs.

General Information:

Email : [email protected]

Fax : 00971 4 4542910

Website : www.apex-dubai.com

If you are unable to attend the course you may send

a substitute delegate.

Cancellation should be made 20 days prior to the course

conduction. Failure to cancel within 10 days will be to pay

the course fee in full amount.

Registration Methods:

Cancellation:

Course Fee:

The amount of 3500 USDwill be charged for the course

fee. Send (3) delegates and get a 10% discount on

the third participant.

Tel : +971 4 3622021 / +971 4 4458567

Fax : 00971 4 4542910

Email : [email protected]

ee-20 disturbance detection analysis for power systems

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