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EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design
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Weekend Cabin Retreat ProjectWeekend Cabin Retreat ProjectFoundationsFoundations
Sacramento City CollegeEDT 300
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ObjectivesObjectives Identify the primary features
included in a foundation plan.
Discuss the difference between a foundation plan and a basement plan.
Design and draw a foundation plan for a typical residential structure.
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The Foundation Plan The Foundation Plan
The foundation plan is a plan view drawing in section showing the location and size of: footings piers columns foundation walls supporting beams.
It is usually drawn after the floor plan and elevations have been roughed out.
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The Foundation PlanThe Foundation Plan
A foundation plan ordinarily includes the following. Footings for foundation walls, piers, and
columns (hidden lines) Foundation walls. Piers and columns. Dwarf walls (low walls built to retain an
excavation or embankment). Partial walls, doors, and bath fixtures if the
house has a basement.
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Foundation WallsFoundation Walls
Foundation walls are of four basic types: T-foundation slab foundation pier or post foundation permanent wood foundation
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Foundation TypesFoundation Types
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Foundation TypesFoundation Types
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Foundation WallsFoundation Walls
The type chosen for a particular situation will depend upon the weight to be supported load bearing capacity of the soil location of the foundation in the building climate local codes preferred building practice.
All should be considered when designing a foundation.
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T-FoundationsT-Foundations
Most common foundation type Looks like an inverted T. The foundation and footing are
usually two separate parts but may be cast as a single unit.
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Slab FoundationsSlab Foundations
slab floor. It is placed at the same time the
floor is cast and is not a separate unit.
It is sometimes called a thickened edge slab.
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Slab FoundationsSlab Foundations
The foundation wall should extend down below the frost line, as in the case of the T-foundation.
Use of steel reinforcing bars or mesh is recommended for the slab foundation to prevent cracking due to settling.
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Slab FoundationsSlab Foundations
Some of the primary advantages of the slab foundation requires less time, expense, and labor to
construct. no separate footing is required, excavation
is not as extensive as for the T-foundation. Less time is required since the entire
foundation and floor is placed in one operation.
EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design
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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations
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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations
Some of the primary advantages of the slab foundation requires less time, expense, and labor to
construct. no separate footing is required, excavation
is not as extensive as for the T-foundation. Less time is required since the entire
foundation and floor is placed in one operation.
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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations
Many situations in residential construction lend themselves to the use of piers, columns and posts.
Cheaper and just as satisfactory to use piers rather than the T-foundation under parts of the building. Example: a crawl space is planned and the
distance is too great for a single span, the pier foundation is a logical choice,
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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations
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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
1. Select the scale. Residential structures are usually drawn to
1/4" = 1 '-0" scale.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
2. Locate the outline of the foundation walls on the paper allowing ample space for dimensions, notes, and title block.
Use the floor plan as an underlay or draw the foundation plan from dimensions obtained from the floor plan.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
3. Draw the foundation walls, piers and columns, and the foundation for a chimney (fireplace).
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Footing ShapesFooting Shapes
Footings increase the supporting capacity of the foundation wall by spreading the load over a larger area.
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Footing ShapesFooting Shapes
Foundation walls should be centered along the footing.
The footing will project beyond each side of the foundation wall a distance equal to one-half the thickness of the foundation wall.
If the soil load bearing capacity is very poor, the size of footings should be increased and reinforced with steel.
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Footing ShapesFooting Shapes
The footings must be large enough to minimize the effects of: settlement of the structure. unequal compressibility of the soil.
to reduce cracking. The weight of most homes is
greater on two of the four walls which causes unequal loading.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
4. Indicate breaks in the foundation wall for windows, doors, access holes, and vents.
5. Lay out and draw the footings for the foundation walls. Use a hidden line symbol to show the edge
of the footing.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
6. Draw the footings to be used for the piers and columns.
7. Draw the footings for the fireplace and chimney.
8. Locate the supporting beam if one is required. Draw the beam using a thick center line symbol.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
9. Show the size, spacing, and direction of floor joists or trusses using the standard symbol.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
10. Identify the location of sections needed to provide additional information.
11. Draw the necessary sections and dimension them as shown in Fig. 10-7.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
12. Determine the location of dimensions needed to show the size of all aspects of the foundation. The length and thickness of all foundation
wall segments must be dimensioned. Piers are dimensioned to the center rather
than to the edge.
13. Draw the dimension lines and add the required dimensions.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
14. Letter any necessary notes.
15. Shade the foundation wall drawings with proper symbols.
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Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan
16. Add the title block, scale, and name of drawing in the proper location.
17. Check drawing to be sure you have included all necessary information.
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