Horse riding

Students: Sol Paz, Florencia Curetti

Basic information

Equestrianism , known as riding, horseback riding (American English) or horse riding(British

English) refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses. This includes the

use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural

exercises, and competitive sport.

History about horses

The best estimate is that horses first were ridden

approximately 4500 BC.

Horses lived in North America, but died out at the end of the Ice Age. Horses were brought back to North America

by European explorers, beginning with the second voyage of Columbus in 1493

United States Equestrian Federation

The USEF is the national governing body for

most equestrian sports in the United States. It began on January 20, 1917 as the Association of American Horse

Shows, later changed in 1933 to the American Horse Shows Association (AHSA). In 2001, the organization

changed its name to USA Equestrian (USAE) and, in 2003 it merged with the United States Equestrian Team (USET)

to form the present organization.

TYPES OF EQUITATION

Competitions governed by the USEF

include dressage, endurance riding, eventing, hunter, jumper,, reining, roadster, saddle seat equitation, vaulting, and western riding competition

including equitation, western pleasure, reining, and related events.

sidesaddle

Sidesaddle riding is a form of equestrianism that uses a type of saddle which allows a rider (usually female) to sit aside rather than astride on an equine. This kind of riding

is most used by the royal family.

But if this type of riding is chosen for a competition it will be the hardest one.

Dressage

Referred to as "Horse Ballet." Consists of a series of individual tests with an increasing level of difficulty (Prix St. Georges, Intermediare I, Intermediare II and Grand Prix) . Each block is generally scored between one and

ten points.

Movements: Piaffle (trot), Passage (trot under water), Canter (almost running), Pirouette, Half-Pass.

Show jumping

.

It’s a member of a family of English riding equestrian events that also includes dressage, hunters,

and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including

the Olympics

Endurance riding

It’s an equestrian sport based on controlled long-distance.

The winning horse is the first one to cross the finish line while stopping periodically to pass a veterinary check

that deems the animal in good health and fit to continue. In the States, most endurance rides 160 km long.

eventing

Eventing was previously known as Combined Training, it’s a single horse and rider combination compete against

other combinations across the three disciplines of dressage, cross-country, and show jumping.

Hunt seat

It’s a style of forward seat riding. Along with Dressage, it is one of the two classic forms of English riding. The Hunt seat is based on the tradition of fox hunting. In which

judge the horse's movement and form, and equitation classes, which judge the rider's ability

both on the flat and over fences.

Western riding

It’s a style of horseback riding which evolved from the ranching and warfare traditions brought to the

Americas by the Spanish Conquerers, and both equipment and riding style evolved to meet the working

needs of the cowboy in the American West.

Western horses were trained to neck rein. Horses were also trained to exercise a certain degree of independence in using their natural instincts to follow the movements

of a cow.

reining

Reining is a western riding competition for horses where

the riders guide the horses through a precise pattern of circles, spins, and stops. All work is done at the lope (a slow, relaxed version of the horse gait more commonly

known worldwide as the canter), or the gallop (the fastest of the horse gaits).

Vaulting

Vaulting, is most often described

as gymnastics and dance on horseback. It can be

practiced either competitively or non-

competitively. Vaulting has been an equestrian act at the circus from its early days. It is open to both

males and females.

Movements: Vault On, Flag, Scissors, Flang, The finnale